Abstract: Provided is a combine with a speed-change power transmission apparatus including: a hydraulic static continuously variable transmission unit that receives an input of drive force from an engine, and subjects the drive force to speed change; and a planetary power transmission unit that combines the drive force from the engine and an output from the continuously variable transmission unit and outputs a combined drive force to a travelling apparatus, wherein a power transmission case can be made lighter at low cost. In this combine, a continuously variable transmission case portion of a power transmission case, which houses a continuously variable transmission unit, is formed integrally with a planetary power transmission case portion of the power transmission case, which houses a planetary power transmission unit.

Abstract: A protrusion shaft portion is provided on an end surface of a shaft on a joint fitting side, and a recess into which the protrusion shaft portion is fitted is formed in an inner surface of a bottom wall of the mouth section of the outer joint member. The recess allows angular displacement of the shaft to a predetermined operating angle, and the protrusion shaft portion is brought into contact with a wall surface of the recess at the predetermined operating angle so that angular displacement exceeding the predetermined operating angle is regulated. Allowable angular displacement in the recess is within a range of preventing the shaft from being brought into contact with an opening portion of the mouth section.

Abstract: A camera includes an unwanted object shape acquisition unit, a viewpoint selection unit, and an unwanted object removal unit. The viewpoint selection unit selects a plurality of viewpoints based on information regarding a shape of an unwanted object in a subject, which is acquired by the unwanted object shape acquisition unit. The unwanted object removal unit performs unwanted object removal processing with use of images corresponding to the viewpoints selected by the viewpoint selection unit.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes a first acquisition unit configured to acquire orientation information of a viewer, and an extraction unit configured to extract an overlapping region being a region in which relative positions from points intersecting with optical axes of lenses disposed in front of respective eyes of the viewer are equal, for a right eye display image and a left eye display image to be presented to the viewer. In addition, the image processing apparatus includes a generation unit configured to generate the display image from a predetermined reference image, based on the orientation information acquired by the first acquisition unit, and the overlapping region extracted by the extraction unit. In the overlapping region, the generation unit shares information about generation processing of the display image, between the right eye display image and the left eye display image.

Abstract: Based on a disparity amount of an object image in a left-eye viewpoint and a right-eye viewpoint and a seam position decided for one of the left-eye viewpoint and the right-eye viewpoint, a seam position of the other viewpoint is decided, and a panoramic image for left eye and a panoramic image for right eye are generated by using the decided seam position.

Abstract: Provided is a combine with a speed-change power transmission apparatus including: a hydraulic static continuously variable transmission unit that receives an input of drive force from an engine, and subjects the drive force to speed change; and a planetary power transmission unit that combines the drive force from the engine and an output from the continuously variable transmission unit and outputs a combined drive force to a travelling apparatus, wherein a power transmission case can be made lighter at low cost. In this combine, a continuously variable transmission case portion of a power transmission case, which houses a continuously variable transmission unit, is formed integrally with a planetary power transmission case portion of the power transmission case, which houses a planetary power transmission unit.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier that carries a toner image; a transfer member that forms a transfer nip between the transfer member and the image carrier; and a power supply capable of outputting a superimposed transfer bias in which an alternating current component is superimposed onto a direct current component. The toner image on the image carrier is transferred onto a recording medium in the transfer nip by the superimposed transfer bias or a direct current bias consisting of the direct current component output by the power supply. The apparatus also includes a controller that controls the power supply so that an output target value of the direct current component when the direct current component rises up is larger than an output target value of the direct current component when the toner image is transferred onto the recording medium.

Abstract: A light absorption coefficient distribution estimation device includes a detection section and a light absorption coefficient distribution estimation section. The detection section detects the received light intensity of scattered light from a subject at a plurality of light-receiving positions that differ in distance from an irradiation position at which measurement light is applied to the subject. The light absorption coefficient distribution estimation section estimates the light absorption coefficient distribution of the subject using the received light intensity, a propagation optical path length model that specifies a propagation optical path length on a basis of the distance, and a first model that specifies the received light intensity on a basis of the distance when absorption of light is at a predetermined value.

Abstract: A transfer device includes an image bearer to bear a toner image, a nip forming device to contact the image bearer to form a transfer nip, a transfer bias power source including a direct current (DC) power source and an alternating current (AC) power source electrically connected to each other to output a transfer bias including at least one of a DC bias and a superimposed bias to transfer the toner image from the image bearer onto a recording medium interposed in the transfer nip, a contact-and-separation device to cause the image bearer and the nip forming device to contact and separate from each other, and a controller to control the contact-and-separation device to increase a size of a space between the image bearer and the nip forming device upon transfer using the superimposed bias such that the space is larger than the space upon transfer using the DC bias.

Abstract: Disclosed is a shift power transmission apparatus for readily suppressing or avoiding size increase thereof. The apparatus includes an input shaft (22) receiving engine drive force, a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (30) driven by the input shaft (22), a planetary power transmission section (40) combining drive force from the input shaft (22) and output from the hydraulic continuously variable transmission (30) for outputting the combined drive force, and an output rotary member (24) outputting power to a travel apparatus. The planetary power transmission section (40) and the output rotary member (24) are arranged on a side of the hydraulic continuously variable transmission (30) associated with an engine-coupled side of the input shaft (22). The drive force is inputted to the planetary power transmission section (40) from a portion between the engine-coupled side and the hydraulic continuously variable transmission-coupled side of the input shaft (22).

Abstract: There is provided an image display apparatus including: a light source unit; at least one light modulation device configured to modulate light from the light source unit, and to emit a modulated light beam; and a sensor configured to receive diffracted light of the modulated light beam emitted from the at least one light modulation device, and to measure intensity of the modulated light.

Abstract: A transfer device includes a transfer member and a bias applicator. The transfer member contacts a surface, on which a toner image is borne, of an image bearing body, to form a transfer nip. The bias applicator applies a DC voltage and an AC voltage as transfer bias to transfer the toner image on the image bearing body to a recording sheet in the transfer nip. The bias applicator applies a DC voltage having a same polarity as the DC voltage of the transfer bias and an AC voltage having an amplitude smaller than the AC voltage of the transfer bias or applies the DC voltage having the same polarity as the DC voltage of the transfer bias without applying an AC voltage, when an inter-sheet area that exists on the image bearing body passes through the transfer nip during a continuous image formation period.

Abstract: There is provided an image display apparatus including: a light source unit; at least one light modulation device configured to modulate light from the light source unit, and to emit a modulated light beam; and a sensor configured to receive diffracted light of the modulated light beam emitted from the at least one light modulation device, and to measure intensity of the modulated light.

Abstract: Disclosed is a shift power transmission apparatus for readily suppressing or avoiding size increase thereof. The apparatus includes an input shaft (22) receiving engine drive force, a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (30) driven by the input shaft (22), a planetary power transmission section (40) combining drive force from the input shaft (22) and output from the hydraulic continuously variable transmission (30) for outputting the combined drive force, and an output rotary member (24) outputting power to a travel apparatus. The planetary power transmission section (40) and the output rotary member (24) are arranged on a side of the hydraulic continuously variable transmission (30) associated with an engine-coupled side of the input shaft (22). The drive force is inputted to the planetary power transmission section (40) from a portion between the engine-coupled side and the hydraulic continuously variable transmission-coupled side of the input shaft (22).

Abstract: A transfer device includes an image carrier, a transfer roller, and a moving unit. The moving unit moves the transfer roller between a nip formation state in which the transfer roller forms a transfer nipping portion in contact with the image carrier and a separated state in which the transfer roller is separated from the image carrier. In a contact operation of bringing the transfer roller into contact with the image carrier via the recording medium, the moving unit moves the transfer roller toward the image carrier at a moving velocity slower than that in a pressing operation of generating a predetermined nipping pressure by further moving the transfer roller toward the image carrier after the contact operation. The moving unit causes the recording medium to enter the transfer nipping portion in the contact operation.

Abstract: A transfer device includes an image bearer to bear a toner image, a nip forming device to contact the image bearer to form a transfer nip, a transfer bias power source including a direct current (DC) power source and an alternating current (AC) power source electrically connected to each other to output a transfer bias including at least one of a DC bias and a superimposed bias to transfer the toner image from the image bearer onto a recording medium interposed in the transfer nip, a contact-and-separation device to cause the image bearer and the nip forming device to contact and separate from each other, and a controller to control the contact-and-separation device to increase a size of a space between the image bearer and the nip forming device upon transfer using the superimposed bias such that the space is larger than the space upon transfer using the DC bias.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming unit; an intermediate transfer member; a secondary transfer member to form a secondary transfer nip with the intermediate transfer member and the secondary transfer member; a biasing mechanism to bias the secondary transfer member toward the intermediate transfer member; a cam member rotatable between a first position, at which a predetermined space is formed in the secondary transfer nip, and a second position, at which the secondary transfer member and the intermediate transfer member contact each other; and a contact-separation controller configured to put the cam member in the first position before entry of the recording medium into the secondary transfer nip, rotate the cam member toward the second position when the recording medium enters the secondary transfer nip, and change a start timing of rotation of the cam member in accordance with a thickness of the recording medium.

Abstract: A current detection circuit comprises: a series circuit of a first current detection part series to a first semiconductor and a second current detection part, which detects current having a smaller range than the first current detection part; a second semiconductor device, which is provided with a second drive circuit, connected in parallel with the second current detection part; and a current determination circuit configured to switch between the first current detection part and the second current detection part, based on the magnitude of the detection current of the first current detection part, wherein, when the detection current of the first current detection part is larger than a predetermined value, the voltage from the first current detection part is output, and wherein, when the detection current of the first current detection part is smaller than the predetermined value, the voltage from the second current detection part is output.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier, a transfer member, a power supply, and a control device that controls the power supply to output a DC-AC superimposed bias or a DC bias to transfer a toner image on the image carrier onto a recording medium. The control device controls the power supply to alternately output a first bias being a DC component the same in polarity as the DC bias and a second bias being a DC component opposite in polarity to the DC bias to clean the transfer member when image formation is not taking place. The first bias is output with two target output values including a first value and a second value lower than the first value. The second bias is output with one target output value. An output time of the second bias is longer than an output time of the first bias.

Abstract: A sheet-shaped optical article for receiving and emitting infrared rays includes a base and a mirror film formed on a surface of the base. A diffusion film is used as the base (diffusion base material) of the optical article. At least one of surfaces of the diffusion film is made to be a mat surface (diffusion layer), whereby the diffusion film scatters visible light. On at least any of the surfaces of the base, a mirror film (dielectric multilayer film) that transmits infrared rays and reflects visible light is formed.