Abstract: A radiation shield unit, which shields against neutron rays, X-rays, and ?-rays, contains 10 vol % or more and 90 vol % or less of gadolinium.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a radiation-scintillated shield which attenuates an incident radiation, includes a shielding part containing an activator-added gadolinium compound as an aggregate. The activator uses the gadolinium compound as a base material and emits light when struck by the radiation. Consequently, it becomes possible to shield a ?-ray and a neutron with a thickness which is about the same as that of a conventional concrete shield of ?-ray shield, and to confirm leakage of radiation.

Abstract: A scintillator array includes: a structure having scintillator segments and a first reflective layer, the first reflective layer being provided between the scintillator segments and being configured to reflect light, and the scintillator segments having a sintered compact containing a rare earth oxysulfide phosphor; and a layer having a second reflective layer provided above the structure, the second reflective layer being configured to reflect light. The first reflective layer has a portion extending into the layer.

Abstract: A scintillator array includes a first scintillator element, a second scintillator element, and a reflector provided between the first and second scintillator elements and having a width of 80 ?m or less therebetween. Each scintillator element includes a polycrystal containing a rare earth oxysulfide phosphor, the polycrystal having a radiation incident surface of 1 mm or less×1 mm or less in area. An average crystal grain diameter of the polycrystal is not less than 5 ?m nor more than 30 ?m, the average crystal grain diameter being defined by an average intercept length of crystal grains in an observation image of the polycrystal with a scanning electron microscope. A maximum length or a maximum diameter of defects on the polycrystal is 40 ?m or less.

Abstract: A scintillator comprises a sintered body having a volume of 1 mm3 or less. The sintered body includes a crystal region of a rare earth oxysulfide. The number of polycrystal bodies each having a different composition from that of the crystal region is 200 or less per a unit area of 100 ?m×100 ?m of a cross section of the sintered body.

Abstract: A neutron grid, comprises: a grid including: a plurality of spacers through which at least a part of first neutrons from a target passes; and a plurality of absorbers to absorb at least a part of second neutrons scattered thorough the target, the spacers and the absorbers being alternately arranged along a first direction and extending along a second direction intersecting with the first direction; and a pair of covers through which at least a part of the first neutrons and at least a part of the second neutrons pass, sandwiching the grid along a third direction intersecting with the first and second directions. A thermal expansion coefficient difference between one of the spacers and one of the absorbers is ±9×10?6/° C. or less, or Young's modulus of the spacer is 100 GPa or more.

Abstract: A scintillator array comprises: a first scintillator element; a second scintillator element; and a reflector provided between the first and second scintillator elements and having a width of 80 gm or less therebetween. Each scintillator element includes a polycrystal containing a rare earth oxysulfide phosphor, the polycrystal having a radiation incident surface of 1 mm or less×1 mm or less in area. An average crystal grain diameter of the polycrystal is not less than 5 ?m nor more than 30 ?m, the average crystal grain diameter being defined by an average intercept length of crystal grains in an observation image of the polycrystal with a scanning electron microscope. A maximum length or a maximum diameter of defects on the polycrystal is 40 ?m or less.

Abstract: A ceramic scintillator array of an embodiment includes: a plurality of scintillator segments each composed of a sintered compact of a rare earth oxysulfide phosphor; and a reflective layer interposed between the scintillator segments adjacent to each other. The reflective layer contains a transparent resin and reflective particles dispersed in the transparent resin. The reflective particles contain titanium oxide and at least one inorganic substance selected from the group consisting of alumina, zirconia, and silica. A glass transition point of the transparent resin is 50° C. or higher, and a thermal expansion coefficient of the transparent resin at a temperature higher than the glass transition point is 3.5×10?5/° C. or less.

Abstract: A neutron grid, comprises: a grid including: a plurality of spacers through which at least a part of first neutrons from a target passes; and a plurality of absorbers to absorb at least a part of second neutrons scattered thorough the target, the spacers and the absorbers being alternately arranged along a first direction and extending along a second direction intersecting with the first direction; and a pair of covers through which at least a part of the first neutrons and at least a part of the second neutrons pass, sandwiching the grid along a third direction intersecting with the first and second directions. A thermal expansion coefficient difference between one of the spacers and one of the absorbers is ±9×10?6/° C. or less, or Young's modulus of the spacer is 100 GPa or more.

Abstract: A scintillator comprises a sintered body having a volume of 1 mm3 or less. The sintered body includes a crystal region of a rare earth oxysulfide. The number of polycrystal bodies each having a different composition from that of the crystal region is 200 or less per a unit area of 100 ?m×100 ?m of a cross section of the sintered body.

Abstract: There is provided a scintillator array to be used for a neutron detector capable of detecting high energy neutrons with high definition and high efficiency. A scintillator array comprises a structure including a plurality of stacks layered each other. Each of the stacks has in sequence: a light reflector including ceramics or single-crystal silicon; a first film to react with a neutron incident along a direction intersecting a lamination direction of the stacks and thus emit a radiation ray; a second film including a material to reflect light; and a scintillator to emit light in response to the radiation ray. The light from the scintillator is reflected by the reflector and the second film to propagate an inside of the scintillator and thus to be led to an outside of the structure.

Abstract: A ceramic scintillator array of an embodiment includes: a plurality of scintillator segments each composed of a sintered compact of a rare earth oxysulfide phosphor; and a reflective layer interposed between the scintillator segments adjacent to each other. The reflective layer contains a transparent resin and reflective particles dispersed in the transparent resin. The reflective particles contain titanium oxide and at least one inorganic substance selected from the group consisting of alumina, zirconia, and silica. A glass transition point of the transparent resin is 50° C. or higher, and a thermal expansion coefficient of the transparent resin at a temperature higher than the glass transition point is 3.5×10?5/° C. or less.

Abstract: A solid scintillator in an embodiment includes a polycrystal body of an oxide having a garnet structure. In the solid scintillator, a linear transmittance at a wavelength of 680 nm is 10% or more. The oxide constituting the solid scintillator has a composition represented by, for Example, General formula: (Gd1??????Tb?Lu?Ce?)3(Al1?xGax)aOb, wherein 0<??0.55, 0<??0.55, 0.0001???0.1, ?+?+?<1, 0<x<1, 4.8?a?5.2, 11.6?b?12.4.

Abstract: In a fuel injection device, a pressing surface of a pressing member presses an opening wall surface to interrupt communication between an inflow port and a pressure control chamber when communication between an outflow port and a return channel is made by a pressure control valve, and the pressing surface of the pressing member is displaced and separated from the opening wall surface to open the inflow port of the opening wall surface to the pressure control chamber when the communication between the outflow port and the return channel is interrupted by the pressure control valve. One of the pressing surface of the pressing member and the opening wall surface of the control body is provided with an inflow depressed portion and an outflow depressed portion partitioned from each other, and a depressed dimension of the inflow depressed portion is larger than a depressed dimension of the outflow depressed portion.

Abstract: A solid scintillator in an embodiment includes a polycrystal body of an oxide having a garnet structure. In the solid scintillator, a linear transmittance at a wavelength of 680 nm is 10% or more. The oxide constituting the solid scintillator has a composition represented by, for Example, General formula: (Gd1??????Tb?Lu?Ce?)3(Al1?xGax)aOb, wherein 0<??0.55, 0<??0.55, 0.0001???0.1, ?+?+?<1, 0<x<1, 4.8?a?5.2, 11.6?b?12.4.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a solid state scintillator material includes a composition represented by a general formula: (Gd1-?-?-?TB?Lu?Ce?)3(Al1-xGax)aOb, where ? and ? are numbers satisfying 0<??0.5, 0<??0.5, and ?+??0.85, ? is a number satisfying 0.0001???0.1, x is a number satisfying 0<x<1, a is a number satisfying 4.8?a?5.2 and b is a number satisfying 11.6?b?12.4 (atomic ratio), and a garnet structure.

Abstract: A solid scintillator having short afterglow and high output, containing a polycrystal containing a crystal of a Gd garnet structure oxide having a composition ratio of formula (1): (M1-x-yGdxQy)3J5O12??(1) where M is at least one element of La and Tb, Q is at least one element of Ce and Pr, J is at least one element selected from Al, Ga, and In, x and y satisfy the relations 0.5?x<1, and 0.000001?y?0.2, and further containing Si and fluorine, where the solid scintillator contains 1 ppm by mass to 1000 ppm by mass of the Si with respect to the Gd garnet structure oxide, and 1 ppm by mass to 100 ppm by mass of the fluorine with respect to the Gd garnet structure oxide. In addition a radiation detector and a tomograph employing the solid scintillator.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a solid state scintillator material includes a composition represented by a general formula: (Gd1-?-?-?TB?Lu?Ce?)3(Al1-xGax)aOb, where ? and ? are numbers satisfying 0<??0.5, 0<??0.5, and ?+??0.85, ? is a number satisfying 0.0001???0.1, x is a number satisfying 0<x<1, a is a number satisfying 4.8?a?5.2 and b is a number satisfying 11.6?b?12.4 (atomic ratio), and a garnet structure.

Abstract: The solid scintillator according to the present invention is expressed by the following formula (1): [Formula 1] (M1-x-yGdxCey)3J5O12??(1) (wherein M is at least one element of La and Tb; J is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Al, Ga, and In; and x and y are such that 0.5?x?1 and 0.000001?y?0.2). The transmittance of light having a wavelength of 550 nm measured at a thickness of 2 mm is equal to or greater than 40%. The solid scintillator according to the present invention can be manufactured at low cost, has a high light emitting power, and does not release Cd because Cd is not contained.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a solid scintillator having short afterglow and high output, and a radiation detector and a tomograph using the solid scintillator. A solid scintillator according to the present invention is a solid scintillator comprising a polycrystal containing a crystal of a Gd garnet structure oxide having a composition ratio represented by the following formula (1): [Formula 1] (M1-x-yGdxQy)3J5O12??(1) wherein M is at least one element of La and Tb, Q is at least one element of Ce and Pr, J is at least one element selected from Al, Ga, and In, x and y satisfy relations 0.5?x?1, and 0.000001?y?0.2, and further containing Si and fluorine, wherein the solid scintillator contains 1 ppm by mass to 1000 ppm by mass of the Si with respect to the Gd garnet structure oxide, and 1 ppm by mass to 100 ppm by mass of the fluorine with respect to the Gd garnet structure oxide.