Abstract: An image processing apparatus including: an image acquisition device for observing a living body; a blood vessel recognition device that irradiates the living body with an exploration laser beam and that recognizes a blood vessel; an arithmetic operation unit that calculates a first laser spot position on a first frame acquired by the image acquisition device when the blood vessel is recognized and that adds a mark corresponding to the first laser spot to a position on a second frame corresponding to the first frame, the second frame being acquired at a time different from the time of the first frame; and a display unit for displaying, on an image acquired by the image acquisition device, a plurality of the marks added by the arithmetic operation unit as a result of the blood vessel being recognized at a plurality of different times.

Abstract: A medical instrument includes: a jaw which is provided with a grasping section; and a blade which is movable close to and away from the grasping section and which extends from a distal-end portion thereof to a proximal-end portion thereof, the blade having a top portion including a ridge opposed to the grasping section, and the ridge of the top portion in the proximal-end portion being sharper than the ridge of the top portion in the distal-end portion.

Abstract: A treatment device includes: a treatment portion including an abutment surface which is abutted on the living body tissue, and a back surface opposed to the abutment surface, the treatment portion being capable of applying energy to the living body tissue via the abutment surface, and heat being transferred toward the back surface in accordance with the application of the energy; a cover covering the back surface of the treatment portion; and an adjuster disposed between the treatment portion and the cover, and configured to vary a distance between the treatment portion and the cover, and to adjust an air layer region between the treatment portion and the cover.

Abstract: A magnetism detecting element detects a leakage magnetism from a scale, on which a magnetic signal with a constant period is recorded, and a relative position between the scale and the magnetism detecting element is detected. The magnetism detecting elements are arranged, along a detection direction of the magnetic signal relative to the scale, in a pattern with a pitch of 1/2n (n is a prime number of 3 or more) of a wavelength ?? of a signal output by the element. Furthermore, as the pattern for cancelling m odd-order harmonics, the m-th power of 2 magnetism detecting elements are arranged within a range in which a pitch distance L of the magnetism detecting element farthest in the detection direction is expressed by L=(??/2)×(1/3+1/5+1/7+ . . . 1/(2m+1)).

Abstract: A magnetism detecting element detects a leakage magnetism from a scale, on which a magnetic signal with a constant period is recorded, and a relative position between the scale and the magnetism detecting element is detected. The magnetism detecting elements are arranged, along a detection direction of the magnetic signal relative to the scale, in a pattern with a pitch of ½n (n is a prime number of 3 or more) of a wavelength ?? of a signal output by the element. Furthermore, as the pattern for cancelling m odd-order harmonics, the m-th power of 2 magnetism detecting elements are arranged within a range in which a pitch distance L of the magnetism detecting element farthest in the detection direction is expressed by L=(??/2)×(?+?+ 1/7+ . . . 1/(2m+1)).

Abstract: A handle includes a first operation input body provided on a handle main body and configured to rotate in first and second directions to operate a first end effector; an interlock body rotatable relative to the first operation input body; an engaging portion provided in the interlock body and configured to be engaged with the handle main body and to restrict rotation of the first operation input body in the second direction when the first operation input body is rotated in the first direction; and a second operation input body configured to rotate to operate a second end effector, and disengage the engaging portion from the handle main body by pressing the interlock body.

Abstract: An energy output section outputs first electric energy so that a high-frequency current flows between electrodes through a treated target, and outputs second electric energy so that heat occurs in an end effector. A controller outputs the first electric energy at the same time as the second electric energy in at least a part of a period during which the heat is continuously denaturing the treated target from an output start of the second electric energy. The controller makes, based on judging that the treated target entered a predetermined state, an electric power of the first electric energy increased.

Abstract: A treatment instrument includes a first clamping surface, a second clamping surface configured to cooperate with the first clamping surface and to clamp a living body tissue, a pressure application member provided on one of the first and second clamping surfaces, and configured to apply a pressure to the living body tissue in a line shape by causing the first and second clamping surfaces to relatively approach each other, and a moving mechanism provided on the first clamping surface, and configured to move the first clamping surface in a manner to apply tensile forces to the living body tissue, clamped between the first and second clamping surfaces, in directions deviating away from a direction along a line formed on the living body tissue by the pressure application member.

Abstract: A treatment instrument includes: a first holding surface including a first high frequency electrode portion; a second holding surface configured to hold living tissue cooperatively with the first holding surface and including a second high frequency electrode portion; a blade configured to apply pressure to the living tissue held between the first and second holding surfaces by a projected surface; and a heater which is capable of heating the first holding surface to a second temperature higher than the first temperature and sufficient to incise the living tissue held between the first and second holding surfaces by the blade, upon receipt of energy supplied at the same time as or after energy supply to the first and second high frequency electrode portions.

Abstract: A magnetism detecting element detects a leakage magnetism from a scale, on which a magnetic signal with a constant period is recorded, and a relative position between the scale and the magnetism detecting element is detected. The magnetism detecting elements are arranged, along a detection direction of the magnetic signal relative to the scale, in a pattern with a pitch of 1/2n (n is a prime number of 3 or more) of a wavelength ?? of a signal output by the element. Furthermore, as the pattern for cancelling m odd-order harmonics, the m-th power of 2 magnetism detecting elements are arranged within a range in which a pitch distance L of the magnetism detecting element farthest in the detection direction is expressed by L=(??/2)×(1/3+1/5+1/7+ . . . 1/(2m+1)).

Abstract: A grasping treatment instrument includes a first grasping piece, and a second grasping piece opening or closing relative to the first grasping piece by rotating relative to a base member. The second grasping piece includes a supported portion supported by a distal portion of the base member and forming a rotational axis of the second grasping piece relative to the base member, and a ring portion in which the supported portion is formed and which is formed in a ring shape continuous over an entire circumference around a longitudinal axis of the base member. A driving force, rotating the second grasping piece relative to the base member, is transmitted from the movable member to the ring portion.

Abstract: In a grasping treatment unit in which a first jaw is openable and closable relative to a second jaw, a frame member is provided in the first jaw. The frame member includes a plate-shaped base portion forming a grasping surface side end face in the frame member, and a column extension extending from the base portion toward a back surface in the frame member and having one end continuous with the base portion. The column extension defines a space in which the frame member is a defining surface between the base portion and the back surface of the first jaw.

Abstract: In a blade of a grasping treatment unit, a top sharpening toward a jaw forms a ridge line along a longitudinal direction of the blade, and in the jaw, a grasping surface opposed to the top extends. A proximal side counter portion, on which the top can abut while the blade and the jaw are closed relative to each other, is provided in a region of the grasping surface located on a proximal side with respect to a distal portion, and a distal side counter portion, which does not contact the top while the top abuts on the proximal side counter portion, is provided in the distal portion of the grasping surface.

Abstract: A highly accurate position detection is performed by the use of a magneto-resistance effect element such as a TMR element. At least two magnetic detecting elements 21-1 and 21-2 are provided to detect leakage magnetism from a scale 11 having a magnetic signal magnetically recorded thereon, and to output a recording signal of a position where the leakage magnetism is detected. The at least two magnetic detecting elements 21-1 and 21-2 are disposed side by side in a direction y perpendicular to a direction x of scanning the scale 11 and also disposed at positions approximately equidistant from a magnetic signal recording surface of the scale 11.

Abstract: A grasping treatment unit includes a first jaw, and a second jaw openable and closable relative to the first jaw. In the first jaw, a heating wire continues without branching from a first extending end to a second extending end, and generates heat over an entire length from the first extending end to the second extending end when an electric current flows therethrough. A heating portion is lower in calorific value per unit area in a distal portion than in a proximal portion in the first jaw in a state where the heat is generated from the heating wire.

Abstract: A vaginal wall incision instrument includes a main body portion that is capable of being inserted into a vaginal canal; an incision portion that protrudes from a distal portion of the main body portion in a direction intersecting a center line of the vaginal canal and is formed by a conductive material; and an operating portion, wherein the main body portion includes an exterior portion and an interior portion, wherein the interior portion includes a contact portion, wherein a guide hole is configured on the interior portion, wherein the guide hole is capable of guiding the conductive member in a direction toward a boundary between the uterine cervix and the vaginal canal, and wherein the incision portion separates the vaginal canal along a circumference whose center is the center line of rotation by rotating the interior portion about the center line of rotation with respect to the exterior portion.

Abstract: A treatment instrument includes a treatment body that includes a treatment surface provided in the first clamp surface, the treatment surface protruding toward the second clamp surface in response to the supply of heat energy and increasing pressure on the living tissue to treat the living tissue in cooperation with the action of the heat energy.

Abstract: A medical device that includes a support member, a heat insulator provided on at least a portion of a first surface of the support member, an energy output member configured to output energy, the energy output member provided on at least a portion of a first surface of the heat insulator, the output energy configured to treat biological tissue and a heat conductor provided on at least a portion of the first surface of the support member and contacting a second surface of the heat insulator, the second surface of the heat insulator opposite the first surface of the heat insulator, wherein a portion of the support member is located proximal than the energy output, and the energy output member is configured to transfer heat to the heat insulator, and wherein the heat conductor is configured to conduct the heat from the heat insulator to the support member.

Abstract: A grasping surface opposed to a second jaw is provided on an outer surface in a first jaw of the grasping treatment unit, and a heat applying portion applying heat to a treated target is provided in a grasping-surface-side part in the first jaw. The heat applying portion includes a projection portion in which the grasping surface projects toward the second jaw, and the projection portion includes a first thermal conduction portion, and a second thermal conduction portion with a thermal conductivity which is different from that of the first thermal conduction portion. The second thermal conduction portion is continuous with the first thermal conduction portion in a longitudinal direction of the first jaw.

Abstract: A grasping treatment unit includes a first jaw, and a second jaw openable and closable relative to the first jaw. In the first jaw, a heating wire continues without branching from a first extending end to a second extending end, and heat is generated over an entire length from the first extending end to the second extending end when the electric current flows through the heating wire. In a heating portion, a calorific value per unit area is higher in a distal portion than in a proximal portion in the first jaw when the heat is generated from the heating wire. On a treatment surface of the first jaw, an amount of heat transfer from the heating portion is greater in the distal portion than in the proximal portion.