Abstract: A steel wire which has an excellent fatigue limit when made into a spring is provided. A chemical composition of the steel wire according to the present embodiment consists of, in mass %, C: 0.53 to 0.59%, Si: 2.51 to 2.90%, Mn: 0.70 to 0.85%, P: 0.020% or less, S: 0.020% or less, Cr 1.40 to 1.70%, Mo: 0.17 to 0.53%, V: 0.23 to 0.33%, Cu: 0.050% or less, Ni: 0.050% or less, Al: 0.0050% or less, Ti: 0.050% or less, N: 0.0070% or less, Ca: 0 to 0.0050%, and Nb: 0 to 0.020%, with the balance being Fe and impurities. In the steel wire, a number density of V-based precipitates having a maximum diameter ranging from 2 to 10 nm is 500 to 8000 pieces/?m2.

Abstract: A valve spring includes a nitrided layer, and a core portion that is further inward than the nitrided layer. A chemical composition of the core portion consists of, in mass %, C: 0.53 to 0.59%, Si: 2.51 to 2.90%, Mn: 0.70 to 0.85%, P: 0.020% or less, S: 0.020% or less, Cr: 1.40 to 1.70%, Mo: 0.17 to 0.53%, V: 0.23 to 0.33%, Ca: 0.0001 to 0.0050%, Cu: 0.050% or less, Ni: 0.050% or less, Al: 0.0050% or less, Ti: 0.050% or less, and N: 0.0070% or less, with the balance being Fe and impurities. In the core portion, a number density of V-based precipitates having a maximum diameter ranging from 2 to 10 nm is 500 to 8000 per ?m2, and in the core portion, a numerical proportion of Ca sulfides with respect to a total number of oxide-based inclusions and sulfide-based inclusions is 0.20% or less.

Abstract: Provided are: a bond construction of an FRP material to a structure characterized in that a bonding layer formed from a fibrous substrate and a resin is interposed between the structure and the FRP material, and the bonding layer is protruded from an edge of the FRP material; and a bonding method. Repair or reinforcement of an existing structure can be made easily and reliably at a construction site with a required FRP material, and in particular, a sufficiently strong bonding force can be exerted between the structure and the FRP material for repair or reinforcement and a targeted repair or reinforcement performance due to the FRP material can be exhibited for the structure more reliably.

Abstract: A joint structure is a joint structure between a first member having a pillared end part made of a fiber-reinforced plastic and a second member different from the first member. The end part of the first member is reversely tapered in an axial direction, while a joining member is disposed along a reversely tapered form of the end part. The second member is provided in contact with an end face of the first member and connected to the joining member. A plurality of fibers substantially extending in the axial direction of the end part of the first member are provided within the end part and disposed to form a larger angle with the axial direction of the end part of the first member as they are disposed to be closer to a surface constituting the reversely tapered form in a radial direction of the end part.

Abstract: A joint structure is a joint structure between a first member having a pillared end part made of a fiber-reinforced plastic and a second member different from the first member. The end part of the first member is reversely tapered in an axial direction, while a joining member is disposed along a reversely tapered form of the end part. The second member is provided in contact with an end face of the first member and connected to the joining member. A plurality of fibers substantially extending in the axial direction of the end part of the first member are provided within the end part and disposed to form a larger angle with the axial direction of the end part of the first member as they are disposed to be closer to a surface constituting the reversely tapered form in a radial direction of the end part.

Abstract: The pressure vessel includes a tubular portion and a cover portion made of fiber reinforced plastics. The outer peripheral surface of an end portion of the tubular portion has a reverse-tapered shape of which the diameter is increased toward an end face. The cover portion includes a wedge-shaped member installed along the reverse-tapered shape of the outer periphery surface of the end portion of the tubular portion, an outer ring for covering the wedge-shaped member from the outside, an inner ring installed to cover an opening of the tubular portion and the wedge-shaped member and connected to the outer ring, and a sample cap connected to the inner ring.

Abstract: A paste composition with no bow of a silicon semiconductor substrate and no blisters and globules of aluminum in the aluminum electrode layer obtained after firing. In addition, adhesiveness of an aluminum electrode layer and the silicon semiconductor substrate is enhanced and the reaction of the aluminum electrode layer and moisture is suppressed. A solar cell element including electrodes is formed by using the composition. The paste composition is a paste used for forming an electrode on a silicon semiconductor substrate including an aluminum powder, an organic vehicle, and glass frit. The glass frit including at least one kind of a transition metal oxide selected from the group including a titanium oxide, a vanadium oxide, an iron oxide, a molybdenum oxide, a neodymium oxide, and a tungsten oxide. A solar cell element includes a back side electrode formed by using the above paste composition.

Abstract: Provided are a paste composition capable of avoiding deteriorations in a mechanical strength and an adhesion property of an electrode layer, of sufficiently attaining a desired BSF effect, and of suppressing deformation (bow) of the silicon semiconductor substrate even in a case where a silicon semiconductor substrate is rendered thin; and a solar cell element including an impurity layer, or an impurity layer and an electrode layer, which is (or are) formed by using the above-mentioned composition. The paste composition is used for forming a p+ layer (7) or an aluminum electrode layer (5) on a silicon semiconductor substrate (1) and includes an aluminum-coated compound powder.

Abstract: A method of driving an image display apparatus having a display section having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix. Each of a plurality of frames of a digital video signal are converted into a plurality of subframes having different display periods each shorter than a one-frame period, in order to display the video signal at a plurality of gradation levels. The pixels in the display section are driven by turning on or off the subframes according to a first subframe pattern to give each of the gradation levels to pixels in odd columns and odd rows and pixels in even columns and even rows among the pixels in the display section and a second subframe pattern to give each of the gradation levels to pixels in odd columns and even rows and pixels in even columns and odd rows among the pixels in the display section.

Abstract: Provided are a paste composition capable of achieving a BSF effect which is equivalent to or greater than a conventionally achieved BSF effect even when used in either case where a thin back surface electrode layer is formed on a thick silicon semiconductor substrate or case where a thin back surface electrode layer is formed on a thin silicon semiconductor substrate and, when used in a case where a thin back surface electrode layer is formed on a thin silicon semiconductor substrate, not only capable of achieving a BSF effect which is equivalent to or greater than a conventionally achieved BSF effect, but also capable of more suppressing deformation of the silicon semiconductor substrate after being fired, than in a case where the conventional paste composition is used in order to form a thin back surface electrode layer; and a solar cell element comprising an electrode formed by using the paste composition.

Abstract: The analyzer according to the present invention is an analyzer having a scan test function, and including scan paths each having flip-flops which function as a shift register when a scan test is performed, and a switching unit operable to switch between a first connection state, and a second connection state where the scan paths are connected in series to each other and further an output from the last stage of the scan path is connected to the input of the first stage of the scan path.

Abstract: Provided are a paste composition which is capable of sufficiently achieving at least a BSF effect equivalent to or greater than a conventionally achieved BSF effect even when the paste composition is used in either case where a thick back surface electrode layer is formed on a thick silicon semiconductor substrate or where a thin back surface electrode layer is formed on a thin silicon semiconductor substrate and which is capable of not only achieving the BSF effect equivalent to or greater than the conventionally achieved BSF effect but also suppressing a deformation of the silicon semiconductor substrate after being fired when the paste composition is used in the case where the thin back surface electrode layer is formed on the thin silicon semiconductor substrate; and a solar cell element comprising an electrode formed by using the above-mentioned paste composition.

Abstract: An image display apparatus that has a display section provided with a first plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix. Sequentially generated are dither signals each formed in a matrix of P rows×Q columns (P and Q being both positive integers and at least either one being 2 or more) corresponding to a second plurality of pixels that are a part of the first plurality of pixels in the display section, in order to enhance the gradation levels of a first image signal. The dither signals are sequentially added to the pixel data of the first image signal, thus a second image signal being output with enhanced gradation levels. One frame of the second image signal is divided into a plurality of subframes, thus a subframe signal being generated. Data per line carried by the subframe signal is sequentially supplied to column-signal electrodes connected to the pixels of the display section. Data per line carried by the subframe signal is sequentially supplied to pixels of rows corresponding to respective lines.

Abstract: The present invention provides a technique of a method for driving an image displaying apparatus to suppress animated picture pseudo-contour, flicker disturbance and pseudo-contour disturbance by making weighting of light emission within a field is made equal to or almost equal to each other at all gradations. According to this technique, when an image signal of multiple gradation is expressed by dividing one field duration into a plurality of subfields with different relative ratios of luminance, a given number of subfields among a plurality of subfields are divided into “2n” subfields (SF1a to SF8b) wherein “n” represents an arbitrary integral number. Then, “2n” subfield groups (SF1a to SF8a, SF1b to SF8b) are formed so that one group divided into “2n” subfield belong to the groups different from each other. Subfield groups (A and B) are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of one field duration, and the subfields (SFna, SFnb) divided into “2n” subfields are symmetrically arranged.

Abstract: The analyzer according to the present invention is an analyzer having a scan test function, and including scan paths each having flip-flops which function as a shift register when a scan test is performed, and a switching unit operable to switch between a first connection state, and a second connection state where the scan paths are connected in series to each other and further an output from the last stage of the scan path is connected to the input of the first stage of the scan path.

Abstract: A method of driving an image display apparatus having a display section having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix. Each of a plurality of frames of a digital video signal are converted into a plurality of subframes having different display periods each shorter than a one-frame period, in order to display the video signal at a plurality of gradation levels. The pixels in the display section are driven by turning on or off the subframes according to a first subframe pattern to give each of the gradation levels to pixels in odd columns and odd rows and pixels in even columns and even rows among the pixels in the display section and a second subframe pattern to give each of the gradation levels to pixels in odd columns and even rows and pixels in even columns and odd rows among the pixels in the display section.

Abstract: A sound-proof wall made of FRP in the form of a sound-proof wall panel that includes a core and skin members made of FRP positioned on both sides of the core and whose weight per nit area is within the range of 10-60 kg/m2; and a method of producing the same. This sound-proof wall, though light in weight, has a superior sound insulation property and will never corrode because it is made of FRP. Further, it has a high degree of freedom of engineering design including sound-proof property, design, and shape, capable of producing a desired sound-proof wall with case. Further, since it has a high specific strength, it is possible to attain a drastic weight reduction while retaining the necessary strength, and facilitate working, shorten construction time, and reduce construction cost.

Abstract: A display apparatus has a display unit having a matrix of multiple pixels, a divider to divide a field of a digital input video signal to be supplied to the display unit into a specific number of subfields, a memory storing a look-up table to be used by the divider for dividing the field into the subfields, the look-up table listing data for selectively turn on and off the subfields in accordance with gradation levels of the digital video signal, an image being to be displayed on the display unit when the subfields are selectively turn on, and a driver to drive the pixels of the display unit per specific number of subfields so that an image based on the digital input video signal is displayed on the display unit. The subfields are aligned in the look-up table in order of displaying the image. Display periods of the subfields become longer or shorter in order of displaying the image.

Abstract: An image display apparatus that has a display section provided with a first plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix. Sequentially generated are dither signals each formed in a matrix of P rows×Q columns (P and Q being both positive integers and at least either one being 2 or more) corresponding to a second plurality of pixels that are a part of the first plurality of pixels in the display section, in order to enhance the gradation levels of a first image signal. The dither signals are sequentially added to the pixel data of the first image signal, thus a second image signal being output with enhanced gradation levels. One frame of the second image signal is divided into a plurality of subframes, thus a subframe signal being generated. Data per line carried by the subframe signal is sequentially supplied to column-signal electrodes connected to the pixels of the display section. Data per line carried by the subframe signal is sequentially supplied to pixels of rows corresponding to respective lines.

Abstract: The present invention provides a technique of a method for driving an image displaying apparatus to suppress animated picture pseudo-contour, flicker disturbance and pseudo-contour disturbance by making weighting of light emission within a field is made equal to or almost equal to each other at all gradations. According to this technique, when an image signal of multiple gradation is expressed by dividing one field duration to a plurality of subfields with different relative ratios of luminance, a given number of subfields among a plurality of subfields are divided to “2n” subfields (SF1a to SF8b) wherein “n” represents an arbitrary integral number. Then, “2n” subfield groups (SF1a to SF8a, SF1b to SF8b) are formed so that one group divided to “2n” subfield belong to the groups different from each other. Subfield groups (A and B) are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of one field duration, and the subfields (SFna, SFnb) divided to “2n” subfields are symmetrically arranged.