Abstract: This invention concerns a method of preparing catalysts and certain catalysts which can be obtained by the method. The method comprises (a) coprecipitating at least a group VIII metal sulfide with at least a group VIB metal sulfide, at a pH maintained at a value of 4.5 to 8; (b) separating the resultant precipitate; (c) drying the precipitate; and (d) calcining the dried precipitate; all the steps being effected under an inert atmosphere. The catalysts have a stoichiometry of 1.2 to 2.

Abstract: Supported catalysts which are made by shaping catalyst carrier, with or without catalyst precursors, into balls, calcining the balls at 300.degree.-1000.degree. C., and crushing the calcined balls to particles whose average size is 0.2-0.8 times the average diameter of the balls. When the precursors are not present during the manufacture, they are added thereafter.

Abstract: A process for hydrotreating hydrocarbons uses a catalyst which comprises a carrier and at least one catalytic metal selected from vanadium, molybdenum, tungsten, nickel, cobalt and/or iron; this catalyst is in the form of a plurality of juxtaposed agglomerates of acicular platelets, oriented radially to each other. It is prepared from agglomerates of activated alumina subjected to reaction with an acid and a compound providing an anion able to combine with aluminum ions in solution.

Abstract: Alumina, silica or silica-alumina containing catalysts are manufactured by incorporating at least one active element selected from the metals of the groups V, VI and VIII or their compounds to a carrier, and then drying and activating. The carrier or the catalyst is shaped into extrudates and the latter are crushed to coarse particles.

Abstract: A process for conversion of an asphaltenes-containing heavy oil or heavy oil fraction to lighter fractions comprises 3 steps of: catalytic hydrodemetallation, hydrovisbreaking and catalytic hydrodesulfuration.

Abstract: Supported catalysts for use in hydrocarbons hydrotreatments are made by shaping catalyst carrier, with or without catalyst precursors, into balls, calcining the balls at 300.degree.-1000.degree. C., and crushing the calcined balls to particles whose average size is 0.2-0.8 times the average diameter of the balls. When the precursors are not present during the manufacture, they are added thereafter.

Abstract: An asphaltene-containing heavy oil or heavy oil fraction is converted to lighter fractions in a process comprising three steps: a hydrovisbreaking, a catalytic hydrodemetallation and catalytic hydrodesulfuration.

Abstract: A catalyst for use in the hydrotreatment of hydrocarbons comprises a carrier and at least one catalytic metal selected from vanadium, molybdenum, tungsten, nickel, cobalt and/or iron; this catalyst is in the form of a plurality of juxtaposed agglomerates of acicular platelets, oriented radially to each other. It is prepared from agglomerates of activated alumina subjected to reaction with an acid and a compound providing an anion able to combine with aluminum ions in solution.

Abstract: Catalysts solid particles are supplied to a vertical reactor for the catalytic treatment of fluid charges, at the upper part of said reactor and are progressively withdrawn from the lower part thereof either continuously or periodically through a funnel having the shape of an inverted cone or an inverted pyramid. At least a portion of the charge is introduced at the lower part of the reactor through orifices above the walls of the funnel at a distance thereof from 1 to 500 times the average size of a catalyst particle.

Abstract: Heavy hydrocarbon fractions are made free of asphaltenes and/or resins by extraction with a deasphalting solvent in the presence of ultrasonic radiation.

Abstract: Residual oils from steam-cracking or catalytic cracking, oils from coal liquefaction and oils from bituminous sands and shales are converted to gasoline by a process comprising the fractionation of the feed charge to a naphtha and a middle distillate: the naphtha, admixed with a gasoline cut "E", is hydrotreated and then dehydrogenated to gasoline; the middle distillate is hydrotreated and fractionated to gasoline and a heavier fraction, the heavier fraction is hydrocracked and fractionated, thus producing a gasoline cut which constitutes the above cut "E".

Abstract: A heavy hydrocarbon charge containing sulfur, asphaltenes and/or resins is hydrotreated in the liquid phase at 250.degree.-500.degree. C. under a pressure of 20-350 bars in the presence of a catalyst previously obtained by reacting an organic compound of a transition metal with an organic aluminum compound, in a hydrocarbon free of asphaltene and resin.The transition metal organic compound is advantageously an iron, nickel, cobalt, molybdenum, tungsten or vanadium acetylacetonate or carboxylate.

Abstract: The hydroconversion of a heavy hydrocarbon charge containing asphaltenes and metal, sulfur and nitrogen impurities is performed in the presence of a catalyst comprising:(a) soot particles of the cenosphere type(b) a compound of a metal selected from the groups V B, VI B, VII B and VIII of the periodic classification.

Abstract: Catalytic cracking or steam cracking effluents are desulfurized without substantial decrease of their octane number by subdividing said effluent into two fractions of different boiling ranges, the heavier of which is admixed with hydrogen, the resulting mixture being completely vaporized and fed to a hydrodesulfurization zone containing a first bed of selective catalyst formed of cobalt and molybdenum, or cobalt and tungsten, or nickel and molybdenum or nickel and tungsten deposited on a non-acid carrier, and a second bed of conventional hydrodesulfurization catalyst, the effluent from the hydrodesulfurization zone being cooled down and fractionated to separate a hydrocarbon fraction of the gasoline range which is recombined with the lighter fraction of said effluent.

Abstract: Hydrorefining of a hydrocarbon charge of high metal content with a catalyst containing alumina, a metal from group VI and a metal from the iron group, of a specific surface from 120 to 200 m.sup.2 /g, a total pore volume from 0.8 to 1.2 cc/g and a pore distribution as follows:0 to 10% of pores smaller than 100 A35 to 60% of pores from 100 to 600 A35 to 55% of pores greater than 600 A,including 10 to 25% of pores greater than 10,000 A, said catalyst optionally containing additionally an alkaline-earth metal.

Abstract: In a process for the catalytic treatment of hydrocarbon charges in the presence of hydrogen in a vertical reactor where the catalyst is introduced at the top and withdrawn at the bottom, countercurrently with the charge which is introduced at the bottom and discharged from the top. There is provided a flared funnel for the catalyst discharge having small perforations for the upward flow of the charge with the perforations of a size sufficiently small to prevent passage of the catalyst therethrough. These perforations are in association with injection tubes having orifices opening in the vicinity of the funnel wall, wherethrough at least a portion of the fluid charge is injected.

Abstract: Process for hydrogenating a heavy hydrocarbon charge containing asphaltenes, in the liquid phase, in the presence, as catalyst, of a molybdenum blue solution in a polar organic solvent soluble in the charge, so as to remove impurities therefrom before subjecting it to further refining.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon cuts of high olefin content are desulfurized, without substantial loss in octane number, by reaction with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising (a) a specified non-acidic carried and (b) cobalt and at least one of tungsten and molybdenum, the atomic ratio ##EQU1## being higher than 0.55.

Abstract: A catalytic process for the conversion of hydrocarbons or bituminous shales or carbon monoxide in the liquid phase in contact with hydrogen flowing upwardly through a series of successive stages, each containing a catalyst bed either semi-stationary or dispersed in the charge, the catalyst being maintained at each stage by an upward flow of hydrogen or hydrocarbon supplied below an opening in the partition wall between two successive stages and periodically allowed to pass from one stage to the next through said opening, by discontinuing said upward flow.

Abstract: A mixture of heavy hydrocarbons, hydrogen and fresh catalyst comprising metals from the groups Vb, VIb, VIIb or VIII is passed first in a furnace for a limited heating time and then in a reactor where recycled catalyst is also added; the recycled catalyst is used in the form of a suspension recovered by fractionation of the reaction product.