Abstract: A session handling method and apparatus, where the method includes: initiating, by a terminal, an application (APP); determining a session type of a packet data unit (PDU) session based on the APP; and sending a first message to an access and mobility management function (AMF) entity, where the first message includes the session type, and the first message is used to request to establish the PDU session of the session type. In the method, a network side can establish the PDU session of the corresponding type based on the session type of the PDU session that is sent by the terminal, in order to establish the PDU session of the correct type for the terminal.

Abstract: A network slice selection policy updating method includes sending, by a terminal device, configured network selection assistance information on the terminal device to an access and mobility management function (AMF), where the configured network selection assistance information includes a first slice identifier. The method further includes receiving, by the terminal device, allowed network selection assistance information and indication information that are returned by the AMF, where the allowed network selection assistance information includes a second slice identifier, and the indication information indicates that the second slice identifier corresponds to the first slice identifier.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide an IP address allocation system and method, which implement, if a control plane is separated from a forwarding plane, a function that enables user equipment to acquire an internet protocol (IP) address in a dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP) manner. The method includes: receiving, by a forwarder, an address request sent by an external network element, where the address request includes a DHCP request of user equipment UE and user characteristic information of the UE; acquiring, from a DHCP service network element according to the DHCP request, an IP address allocated to the UE; and acquiring first instruction information that is delivered by a control device according to the user characteristic information of the UE and the IP address allocated to the UE, and sending the IP address to the UE according to the user characteristic information.

Abstract: A multimodal medical device for the diagnosis and/or thermal treatment of a disease includes an instrument for performing thermal therapy; and an imaging system having multiple tomographic imaging modes, including optical coherence tomography (OCT), ultrasound imaging, photoacoustic (PA) imaging, fluorescence imaging and/or thermal imaging to provide guidance for accurate diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to implementing policy control. In one example communication system, a core network exposes a service policy to an application server, and the application server authorizes user equipment with the service policy. Before accessing a service provided by the application server, the user equipment pushes, to the core network, the service policy that needs to be used to access the application server. A core network device performs policy control such as charging, QoS, routing, gating control, or redirection on a service flow or a data packet between the user equipment and the application server according to the service policy pushed by the user equipment.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a data packet sending method and apparatus, and relate to communications field. The method includes: receiving, by an SGW-U, a data packet, and matching context information of a corresponding bearer according to a tunnel endpoint identifier (TEID) carried in the data packet; sending a trigger message to a serving gateway for control plane SGW-C if the SGW-U determines, through matching, that the SGW-U does not include the context information of the bearer, where the trigger message carries the TEID, and the trigger message is used by the SGW-C to obtain the context information of the bearer according to the TEID; receiving a reestablish bearer context message sent by the SGW-C, where the reestablish bearer context message carries the context information of the bearer; and sending the data packet according to the context information of the bearer.

Abstract: A system for imaging and quantifying shear wave and shear modulus under orthogonal acoustic radiation force (ARF) excitation using the OCT Doppler variance apparatus. The ARF perpendicular or with at least a perpendicular component to the OCT beam is produced by a remote ultrasonic transducer. The OCT Doppler variance apparatus, which is sensitive to the transverse vibration, is used to measure the ARF induced vibration. For analysis of the shear modulus, the Doppler variance apparatus is utilized to visualize shear wave propagation. The propagation velocity of the shear wave is measured and then used to quantitatively map the shear modulus.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a user data processing apparatus and method, and a system. In the user data processing apparatus disclosure, an interface management unit receives user data; at least two service units process the user data, where the at least two service units include a session unit and at least one of a bearer unit, a service flow unit, or a content unit; the interface management unit determines the session unit configured to process the user data, and sends the received user data to the determined session unit; and the session unit determines another service unit configured to process the user data. After receiving the user data, the GW-U determines the service unit configured to process the user data, and processes the user data by using the service unit determined by the GW-U. This improves processing flexibility of the GW-U.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a paging method and apparatus for a distributed gateway. The method includes: obtaining, by a gateway user plane, downlink data; sending downlink data report information to a gateway control plane, where the downlink data report information is used to trigger the gateway control plane to send a downlink data notification to a mobility management entity, and the downlink data notification is used to trigger the mobility management entity to initiate a paging to a terminal; obtaining downlink data channel information sent by the gateway control plane, where the downlink data channel information indicates information about a downlink data channel between a base station and the gateway user plane, and the base station is a base station to which the paged terminal belongs; and forwarding the downlink data by using the downlink data channel.

Abstract: Retinal diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), are the leading cause of blindness in the elderly population. Since no known cures are currently present, it is crucial to diagnose the condition in its early stages so that disease progression is monitored. Systems and methods for detecting and mapping the mechanical elasticity of retinal layers in the posterior eye are disclosed herein. A system including confocal shear wave acoustic radiation force optical coherence elastography (SW-ARF-OCE) is provided, wherein an ultrasound transducer and an optical scan head are co-aligned to facilitate in-vivo study of the retina. In addition, an automatic segmentation algorithm is used to isolate tissue layers and analyze the shear wave propagation within the retinal tissue to estimate mechanical stress on the retina and detect early stages of retinal diseases based on the estimated mechanical stress.

Abstract: A three-dimensional (three dimensional) segmentation method with intensity-based Doppler variance (IBDV) based on swept-source OCT. The automatic three dimensional segmentation method is used to obtain seven surfaces of intra-retinal layers. The microvascular network of the retina, which is acquired by the IBDV method, can be divided into six layers. The microvascular network of the six individual layers are visualized, and the morphology and contrast images can be improved by using the segmentation method. This method has potential for earlier diagnosis and precise monitoring in retinal vascular diseases. Each tomographic image is composed of eight repeat scans at the same position, which achieves a high time difference to improve the sensitivity of the angiographic method. A subpixel registration algorithm is used to reduce the eye movement. The GPU was used to accelerate the data processing to achieve real-time preview of the acquired data.

Abstract: The invention includes an improvement in a method of assessing a gemstone having at least one planar face with an internally reflecting surface including the steps of optically modifying the at least one planar face of the gemstone to return a sample beam from an internally reflecting plane corresponding to the at least one planar face to an optical coherence tomography (OCT) system; selectively directing the sample beam from an optical coherence tomography (OCT) system onto the gemstone; and generating an OCT image map of the gemstone to determine volume, gem carat weight and/or quality.

Abstract: A network slice selection policy updating method and an apparatus are disclosed. The method includes sending, by a terminal device, configured network selection assistance information on the terminal device to an AMF, where the network selection assistance information includes a first slice identifier. The method further includes receiving, by the terminal device, allowed network selection assistance information and indication information that are returned by the AMF, where the allowed network selection assistance information includes a second slice identifier, and the indication information indicates that the second slice identifier corresponds to the first slice identifier. This can prevent the terminal device from initiating an unnecessary session establishment procedure, and save network resources.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to data packet processing methods, control plane network elements, and user plane network elements. One example method includes sending, by a control plane network element to a user plane network element, a first request message which is used to request to establish a first user plane channel between the control plane network element and the user plane network element, notifying the control plane network element that the first user plane channel is successfully established, and receiving, by the control plane network element and via the first user plane channel, the first data packet sent by the user plane network element.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a function scheduling method, a device, and a system. The method includes: sending, by a control plane network element, a first request to a user plane network element, where the first request is used to request the user plane network element to perform a first function, and the first function is a function supported by both the control plane network element and the user plane network element; and disabling, by the control plane network element, the first function. In the solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a function supported by both the user plane network element and the control plane network element can be flexibly processed.

Abstract: The present application discloses a downlink data sending method, to reduce power consumption of a terminal device. The method includes: receiving, by a first network device, a first message sent by a terminal device, where the first message carries identification information of the terminal device; determining, by the first network device based on the identification information, that a network side has buffered downlink data for the terminal device; obtaining, by the first network device, the downlink data; and sending, by the first network device, the downlink data to the terminal device.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of using an optical coherence elastography (OCE) under acoustic radiation force (ARF) excitation includes the steps of inducing an excitation wave in a blood sample by use of an ultrasound beam from an ultrasonic transducer; measuring an elastic property of the blood sample by use of an optical coherence tomography (OCT) beam transverse to the ultrasound beam to dynamically measure the elastic property of the blood sample during coagulation and assessing the clot formation/dissolution kinetics and strength.

Abstract: A device for cancer screening and triage using an optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging system integrated with optical imaging probe is provided. Endoscopic OCT images are generated using the OCT system having a helical probe. The images are further analyzed to generate a depth resolved intensity OCT signal to classify the region of tissue into variable grades of dysplasia to guide the physician's biopsy or resection.

Abstract: An in vivo optical biopsy applicator of the vaginal wall for treatment planning, monitoring, and imaging guided therapy is described herein. The applicator may include an imaging probe operatively coupled to a laser ablation device. The applicator allows for non-invasive optical tissue monitoring in order to define pre- and post menopausal parameters, pre- and post-treatment microscopic changes, and offers an objective scientific tool in order to compare currently available medical, non-medicated, and energy-based treatment protocols.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a user equipment context management method, apparatus, and device, and relates to the field of communications technologies. The method includes: receiving, by a first control plane entity, a service request message of user equipment UE, where the service request message includes service information requested by the UE; obtaining location information of the UE, determining, based on the service information requested by the UE, a mobility level of a service requested by the UE, determining, based on the location information of the UE and the mobility level of the service, an effective range of a context of a network resource bearing the service of the UE, and managing the context based on the effective range of the context.