Abstract: A grand piano generates acoustic tones through vibrations of strings and sound board so that the acoustic tones are converted to analog audio signals at recording points over the sound board, and a group of waveform data sets are produced from the analog audio signal through sampling and analog-to-digital conversion; when electronic tones are generated, delay parameters and volume parameters are determined on the basis of differences between the recording points and tone radiating points occupied by loud speakers, the sets of waveform data series are sequentially read out from the group of waveform data sets and are modified with the delay parameters and volume parameters so that the electronic tones become close to the acoustic tones.

Abstract: The present invention is method and apparatus for assistive music performance. More specifically, the present invention is an interactive wireless music apparatus comprising actuating an event originating on a remote wireless device. The transmitted event received by a processing host computer implements the proper handling of the event.

Abstract: A performance apparatus which can realize interesting performance with game elements. Coordinates are designated in a matrix display input section, and sounding data corresponding to the designated coordinates are generated. Sounding of musical tones based on the generated sounding data is instructed. Based on the designation of coordinates, a moving route is set, and a moving ball indicating corresponding present position coordinates on the set moving route among coordinates in the matrix display input section is generated. At least when the moving ball has reached predetermined coordinates on the moving route, sounding data corresponding to the predetermined coordinates is generated, and sounding of a musical tone based on the sounding data generated in association with the predetermined coordinates is instructed.

Abstract: An instrument amplification system provides improved low frequency enhancement. A powered subwoofer system enhances the low frequency components of a standard instrument amplifier by incorporating a speaker level high-pass filter crossover network prior to connection to a standard instrument speaker. The speaker level instrument amplifier output is also attenuated, low-pass filtered and re-amplified to drive a dedicated low frequency subwoofer speaker. In one embodiment, a single speaker cabinet connects via a single speaker cable and includes both typical instrument speakers and an active powered subwoofer system. In another embodiment, a stand alone active powered subwoofer connects to a standard instrument amplifier and includes a speaker level high-pass crossover output for connection to a standard instrument speaker cabinet. The instrument amplifier speaker output is attenuated, low-pass filtered, re-amplified and connected to a low frequency subwoofer speaker.

Abstract: The invention relates to an armoured wheeled vehicle consisting of individual sections. Said vehicle consists of one driving section (1) containing a drive unit, and one mission section (2) which can be detached from the tail end of the driving section (1) and can be coupled to the vertical separating plane (T). Said driving section (1) and said mission section (2) respectively comprise a tail wall (4.1-4.5) or a front wall (5.1-5.5) in the coupling cross-section, and/or a frame profile which extends along at least part of the circumference thereof, and the tail wall and front wall applied against each other during the coupling process can be rigidly coupled together at at least two points on the circumference thereof by means of positively engaging coupling devices.

Abstract: Pneumatic/hydraulic actuator comprising a container body (2), a driving shaft (3), inserted in a cylindrical housing or pass-through hole of said container body, said driving shaft being mobile along a longitudinal axis (Y) of the actuator and which can be pneumatically and/or hydraulically operated. Said actuator has a pass-through hole situated on said container body which is substantially orthogonal to said moving axis of the shaft in which a cylinder (7) is integrated, which can operate in such a way as to intercept the run of the driving shaft, creating a pre-established run thereof along said longitudinal axis (Y).

Abstract: A fluid power unit has a cylinder in a housing, a piston slidable in the cylinder and dividing the cylinder into a retract side and an extend side, and a two-position control valve. The control valve has a spool and first and second pilots. The position of the spool is responsive to the first and second pilots. There is a retract poppet valve in the retract side of the cylinder, and an extend poppet valve in the extend side. The retract and extend poppet valves are biased to a closed position. The retract poppet valve is in a fluid path between the retract side and the control valve; the extend poppet valve is in a fluid path between the extend side and the control valve. The alternate movement of the piston in the cylinder alternately opens and closes the poppet valves, The circuit connects the poppet valves to the pilots and alternately applies and releases pressure to the pilots, causing the spool of the control valve to shift and apply inlet pressure to the piston on alternate sides.

Abstract: Hydraulic device driving a rotating receiver such as a shaft (1) includes at least one hydraulic motor having axial pistons (7) bearing against a fixed swash-plate (9) via shoes (10), the pistons (7) being arranged in a rotating barrel (5), characterized by the fact that the motor shaft (1) carries a toothed crown wheel (2) with which it is integral whose teeth are engaged by teeth (4) provided on the periphery of the rotating barrel (5) of one or more hydraulic motors (7) arranged around the shaft (1), the axis of axes of the barrel (5) being parallel to the axis of the shaft (1).

Abstract: An axial piston machine having a swash plate or oblique axis which can be adjusted by means of servopistons and has a valve segment and an adjustment unit for the electrically proportional adjustment of the volumetric displacement, the adjustment unit comprising proportional magnets which can be activated electrically, and a control piston for controlling the oil pressure which moves the servopistons, the proportional magnets acting on this control piston along a common tappet axis. A feedback device for feeding back the current swash plate or oblique axis valve segment position is provided. The feedback device comprises spring levers and a pointer which can be pivoted about an axis, the pointer which is embodied as a two-armed lever engaging in the control piston on one side of the pivot axis, and between the spring levers on the other side.

Abstract: A one-piece steel piston that is made from a piston blank that includes a portion that configured and designed to be displaced to form a cooling gallery and ring belt. The piston blank can be formed by a casting or forging process. The portion that is designed and configured to be displaced is a flange that extends radially at the top of the piston blank. The flange is bent downward so that a peripheral edge of the flange contacts a top portion of the piston skirt. The peripheral edge of the flange and the top portion of the skirt can be welded together or provided with inter-engaging structures.

Abstract: A one-piece steel piston that is made from a piston blank that includes a portion that is configured and designed to be displaced to form a cooling gallery and ring belt. The piston blank can be formed by a casting or forging process. The portion that is designed and configured to be displaced is a flange that extends radially outward. The flange is bent downward or upward so that a peripheral edge of the flange contacts another portion of the piston. The peripheral edge of the flange and the other portion of the piston can be welded together or mechanically engaged.

Abstract: The invention relates to gudgeon pin bushes which find application in highly-stressed engines, with the problem of a tendency to pit, in particular in the middle regions (with relation to the radial axis of the bush), on starting the motor. According to the invention, said problem can be avoided whereby the friction surfaces of a gudgeon pin bush, at least in the high loading region, have the following parameters measured over the bush cross-section in the axial direction: the support percentage is a minimum of 99.0% to a depth of at most 1.800 m, the depth of the roughness core profile is at most 0.30 m, the proportion of the material Mr1 of the roughness core profile is at most 8%. Said gudgeon pin bush can be obtained by means of a finishing for the bearing surface of the gudgeon pin bush using a surface machining method.

Abstract: An air cleaning device has a housing with at least one input aperture and at least one output aperture, and an air channel therebetween. A first collection plate has a first wall with first inside edges and first outside edges, and has a first charge applied thereto. A second collection plate has a second wall with second inside edges and second outside edges, and has a second charge applied thereto. The second collection plate is housed in a first space between the first inside edges of the first collection plate. A third collection plate has a third charge applied thereto. The third collection plate is housed in a second space between the second inside edges of the second collection plate. A set of charged wires are located outside the first collection plate so as to create an electrostatic field within the housing. The electrostatic field ionizes incoming air. A fan creates a flow of air into the at least one input aperture and out the at least one output aperture.

Abstract: An ammonia purification system includes a hydrocarbon removal station that removes hydrocarbons from gaseous ammonia via adsorption, a moisture removal station that removes water from gaseous ammonia via adsorption, and a distillation station including a distillation column connected with a condenser to facilitate removal of impurities from ammonia and condensation of gaseous ammonia to form a purified liquid ammonia product. The system further includes a storage tank to receive purified ammonia, a remote station connected with the storage tank, and a vaporizer connected with the storage tank. The vaporizer is configured to receive and vaporize liquid ammonia from the storage tank and deliver gaseous ammonia back to the storage tank so as to facilitate pumping of the ammonia to the remote station based upon a vapor pressure established within the storage tank.

Abstract: This invention relates to an air purifier that uses both transportation vehicles battery and conventional indoor power supply, employs ultraviolet radioactive rays to kill bacteria, viruses and molds in the air and to increase the amount of anions. This air purifier works with any air conditioners or machines of all sizes, at exhaust inlet or outlet, as well as inside the surface shield or outside of air conditioning devices and dehumidifiers and electric fans of all sizes. . This air purifier draws indoor air in and out of the air purifier, kills bacteria, viruses and moulds in the air and discharges electricity by means of negative high voltage output through carbon fibers to produce anions, so as to improve the quality of the air.

Abstract: This invention relates to an air purifier that uses both transportation vehicles battery and conventional indoor power supply, employs ultraviolet radioactive rays to kill bacteria, viruses and molds in the air and to increase the amount of anions. This air purifier works with any air conditioners or machines of all sizes, at exhaust inlet or outlet, as well as inside the surface shield or outside of air conditioning devices and dehumidifiers and electric fans of all sizes. This air purifier draws indoor air in and out of the air purifier, kills bacteria, viruses and moulds in the air and discharges electricity by means of negative high voltage output through carbon fibers to produce anions, so as to improve the quality of the air.

Abstract: A 4-in-1 photo-electronic air conditioning, dehumidifying, purifying and disinfecting system has an activated carbon filter in the first stage to eliminate impurities, germs and bacteria in the air drawn into the system. The bacteria and germs in the extracted air, which are capable of passing through the activated carbon filter, are then eliminated by extreme-UV light emitted by extreme-UV light tubes. The excessive moisture in the air is also removed. A negative ion generator is also used to boost the level of anions in the air. These two modes operate in the following manner: the first mode involves high-voltage cathodic output that is discharged via a carbonized fibre. The ionised air is then expelled by an air drum. The second mode eliminates bacteria, germs and mould from air as it passes extreme-UV light tubes by exposure to extreme-UV light emitted by these extreme-UV light tubes.

Abstract: A 3-in-1 photo-electronic air purifying and disinfecting system, which utilizes alternating current, has an activated carbon filter used in the first stage to eliminate impurities, germs and bacteria in the air drawn into the system. The bacteria and germs which are capable of passing through the activated carbon filter are then eliminated by extreme-UV light emitted by extreme-UV light tubes. An anion generator is also included to boost the level of anions in the air before being discharged. These two modes operate in the following manner: the first mode involves high-voltage cathodic output that is discharged via a carbonized fibre. The ionized air is then expelled by a fan. The second mode eliminates bacteria, germs and mould from air as it passes extreme-UV light tubes by exposure to extreme-UV light emitted by these extreme-UV light tubes.

Abstract: Disclosed is an air purifier with a small size, having an excellent air purifying capacity, enabling to prevent a large amount of ozone from being generated, the ozone harmful to a human body. The air purifier includes a case, a pair of discharge electrodes provided at upper and lower parts of the case, a ground electrode provided between the pair of discharge electrodes, a pair of insulating dielectric layers provided on upper and lower surfaces of the ground electrode, and a power source coupled respectively to the ground electrode and the discharge electrode so as to supply voltage thereto.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a deodorization technique for an operation involving malodor, and aims to provide a deodorization apparatus and a deodorization method enhanced in deodorization efficiency and reduced in initial investment and running cost. The deodorization apparatus includes an intake port 13 for taking in air with malodor generated in a coating booth 1, an injection nozzle 12a for supplying deodorant into the air with deodorant taken in through the intake port 13, an exhaust port 17a for discharging the air taken in through the intake port 13, an exhaust fan 17 for forming an airflow from the intake port 13 to the exhaust port 17a, and a second filter 15 which, prior to exhaust through the exhaust port 17a, removes a malodorous substance from the air with deodorant together with the deodorant.

Abstract: A replaceable air filter for a vehicle air conditioning system employs a pleated, porous filter media coated with a perfume polymer composition to impart a long-lasting scent to air passing through the filter. In alternative embodiments of the invention the perfume/polymer composition is contained in a sheet overlying the filter material, in the frame or in a bead supported by the filter.

Abstract: A beverage dispenser and method of operation, in which incoming water for beverage preparation is heated by a liquid-to-liquid heat exchanger. The heated water may be mixed with cold water using controlled valves, to generate a selected temperature stream. This controlled-temperature stream may be mixed with beverage concentrate or sprayed over coffee grounds to brew fresh coffee.

Abstract: An urn for use by Orthodox Jews on the Sabbath has a body portion for containing hot liquid and maintaining it at a temperature higher than 40° C. and a main faucet depending from a side wall thereof for controllably siphoning off a quantity of hot liquid. A support supports an auxiliary vessel having an opening aligned with the main faucet so that opening the main faucet allows hot liquid to pour directly into the auxiliary vessel, thereby preventing or reducing accidental pouring of the hot liquid into a vessel containing food or powdered beverage. A kit allows an urn to be adapted for supporting the auxiliary vessel and may include a height raiser for raising the urn so increase a clearance between the main faucet and a surface on which the urn is placed.

Abstract: A grill assembly includes at least a support element supporting a burner unit, and a grill body. In one alternative embodiment, at least one side opening on the grill body enables a lateral insertion and removal of the burner unit during use enabling safe operation and easy replacement. A grill grate removably rests on a top opening of the grill body and, in one embodiment, is self-centering. In one alternative embodiment, recesses in the support element securely position the grill body and burner unit enabling safe transportation and use without unintended lateral shifting.

Abstract: An improved discharge gate for a food peeler having an S-shaped portion edge such that a food item is able to uniformly flow from the peeling chamber out of the discharge gate and at the same time, the gate causes efficient flow within the peeling chamber of the peeling device such that all of the food items within the peeler are uniformly peeled.

Abstract: An apparatus for in-situ baling of trees is provided. The apparatus includes a first frame which supports a rotatable second frame. A tree trunk is inserted into the first and second frames. The second frame is rotated by a motor as the frames are elevated toward the top of a tree. During elevation, string is dispensed from a cannister on the second frame, baling the tree. The dispensed string is then secured completing the operation.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an embossed, three-dimensionally imaged nonwoven fabric, and more specifically, to an embossed, three-dimensionally imaged nonwoven fabric particularly suited for wipe applications. Further, the subsequent action of the entangling jets, which impart the three-dimensional images, affects the rigidity of the embossed images so as to provide a softer, more drapeable wipe.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method for marking indicia such as letters and patterns on a golf ball surface. The method is characterized by computer-generating a reverse image of the indicia, printing the reverse image as a reverse toner image onto a transfer substrate with a laser printer, and placing the reverse toner image-bearing transfer substrate against the golf ball surface under applied heat and pressure so as to form a positive toner image on the surface of the ball. This method simplifies and facilitates the marking operation, in addition to which it enables a reverse toner image to be reliably printed onto a transfer sheet and enables indicia to be accurately formed on the surface of the ball.

Abstract: A screen printing manual repetition system semi-automates use of a screen with a manual printing press. The screen has a screen frame and a screen mesh. The manual repetition system (MRS) has an MRS frame mountable to the screen frame, a track system, and a height adjustor configured to adjust the height of the track system relative to the MRS frame. A squeegee has a squeegee frame with a blade, guide members configured to guide the squeegee through the track system, and an angle adjustor configured to adjust the angle of the blade relative to the screen mesh during operation.

Abstract: A screen printing manual repetition system semi-automates use of a screen with a manual printing press. The screen has a screen frame and a screen mesh. The manual repetition system (MRS) has an MRS frame mountable to the screen frame, a track system, and a height adjustor configured to adjust the height of the track system relative to the MRS frame. A squeegee has a squeegee frame with a blade, guide members configured to guide the squeegee through the track system, and an angle adjustor configured to adjust the angle of the blade relative to the screen mesh during operation.

Abstract: A printing screen, comprising a sheet, at least sections of at least one pair of opposite edges of which are folded such as to define attachment elements, and a printing screen unit including at least one pair of interface members attachable to the attachment elements at the at least one pair of opposite edges of the sheet.

Abstract: A fluctuation characteristic of registration between images printed by individual printing units (4A, 4B, 4C, 4D) while changing print speed is predicted for each of particular printing conditions that affect the registration fluctuation characteristic. Based on the predicted fluctuation characteristic of registration, a control characteristic of the phase between plate cylinders (5, 5, 5, 5) of the individual printing units (4A, 4B, 4C, 4D) is preliminarily set so as to compensate for vertical image misregistration between images printed by the individual printing units (4A, 4B, 4C, 4D), and is stored in a database (32).

Abstract: At least one dressing, such as a printing form, is secured to the surface of a cylinder of a rotary printing press by securement devices. These securement devices are arranged in an axially extending channel on the surface of the cylinder. The channel is defined by at least one wall and by an opening directed toward the circumferential surface of the cylinder. At least one wall of the opening extends into the channel at an acute angle with respect to the cylinder circumferential surface. A deflection-resistant retaining device, provided with a first end and with a second end, is pivotably mounted in the channel. The first end holds an angled end of the dressing that is introduced into the channel opening. This first end is disposed remote from a bearing and pivoting point of the retaining device. A dimensionally stable bow, which has a portion that engages the wall of the opening that extends toward the channel at an acute angle, is situated in the channel.

Abstract: A method for cleaning the fountain solution of a printing press with an automatically emptying separator (16), separates the dirt particles and oil residues from fountain solution and supplies them, as a mixture of dirt and fountain solution, to a dirt and fountain solution container (24) and passes the remaining fountain solution into a fountain solution storage tank (20). The dirt and fountain solution mixture in the dirt and fountain solution mixture container (24) is caused to settle in layers and the layer, containing the fountain solution, is transferred by an overflow (26) in to the fountain solution storage tank (20).

Abstract: A lithographic printing plate precursor comprising: a support; and an image recording layer comprising a polymerization initiator, a polymerizable compound and a polymer binder and being removable with at least one of a printing ink and a fountain solution, wherein the polymerizable compound and the polymer binder are defined so that a film made by the polymerizable compound and the polymer binder has an elastic modulus of 30 g/mm3 or less.

Abstract: A printing press has several plate cylinders on which printing plates can be placed and from which they can be removed. Changing of these printing plates is accomplished by remote control through the use of a central controller which is associated with the printing press. The central controller is in control of all of the units which are involved in the changing of the printing press. At least one printing plate on at least one of the plate cylinders can be changed while the press is in operation.

Abstract: A printer driver in an image processor comprises a load distribution section that distributes load of the color matching processing in such a manner that a color matching processing section or a color printer executes the color matching processing. Moreover, a color matching processing section uses a profile stored in a profile holding section, to perform the color matching processing with respect to the color image data. Moreover, a profile holding section holds profiles of various images and a data converter converts color image data to a format suitable for the color printer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the alignment of printing plate mounted on an imaging drum, and applying an image to a printing plate while maintaining registration and alignment between the image and a reference edge of the printing plate include mounting the printing plate on a plate making machine and then determining the locations of at least one point on the reference edge. The locations of two or more points are used to determine a transformation that is applied to image data to yield transformed image data. The transformed image data is used to image the printing plate.

Abstract: Stereolithography is used to fabricate directly a single-piece, missile-usable, accurate, flightweight igniter without the use of intermediate, non-operational molds or prototypes in the fabrication process. The same prototype-less, direct stereolithography can be used to produce other missile-usable parts by designing each such part to be of a single-piece configuration and by using material that is suitable for both stereolithography and functional missile application.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rifled slug provided with a metal head (1) and a plastic rear part (2), which is made as a single piece from a pin-shaped front part (5), with a rod-shaped middle part (6) joined to the rear of said front part, and with a plunger-shaped rear part (7). The front part (5) is inserted from the rear into a pocket hole of the metal head (1) and is joined thereto in a captive manner. The aim of the invention is to improve a rifled slug of the aforementioned type whereby increasing the precision, i.e reducing the dispersion in the target. To this end, the front part (5) is provided in the form of a hollow body and is joined to the middle part (6) via a predetermined breaking point (14), whereby when shooting, the middle part (6) slides into the cavity of the front part (5) until the upper surface (19) of the rear part (7) strikes the lower surface (20) of the front part (5).

Abstract: A projectile for use in firearms and of the type having on one end a hemispherical tip which communicates at its base with a nose segment which then attaches to a cylindrical body terminating in a surface whose width represents the diameter of the aforementioned cylindrical body. One or many parts of the projectile are coated or plated in a material that creates a surface featuring recesses when it hardens. This surface acts as an aerodynamic aid when the projectile is in flight. The coating or plating may be applied directly to the projectile or layered on top of a jacket.

Abstract: Blow-fill-seal processing is employed to fabricate fully formed and filled paintballs. A blow-fill-seal machine, known in the field of medical container and syringe manufacture, is adapted for making paintballs by employing spherical surface main molds which form blow-molded shells and permit the shells to be filled with suitable paintball dye and then sealing molds are used to seal the filled paintball shell thereby resulting in a fully formed paintball having an accurate spherical surface.

Abstract: A projectile for deploying one or more sensors into an area is provided. The projectile includes a sensor platform disposed in the projectile. The sensor platform having: a sensor for detection of a condition within or proximate to the area; a processor and communication device operatively connected to the one or more sensors and to one or more of a remote station and at least one other sensor; and a power source for supplying power to at least the one or more sensors. Methods and apparatus for deploying the one or more sensors into the area are also provided.

Abstract: A gas generating system (10) including a baffle system (42) for modifying the temperature and pressure of a gas generated by the system, and to remove particulates from the gas. The gas generating system includes a first combustion chamber (34a), a second combustion chamber (36a), and the baffle system (42) adjacent both the first and second combustion chambers so as to enable fluid communication with the combustion chambers upon activation of the gas generating system. In another aspect of the present invention, a baffle system (42) is provided including a first end plate (44) having an opening (44b) formed therein for enabling fluid communication with a first fluid source (34a), a second end plate (46) having an opening (46b) formed therein for enabling fluid communication with a second fluid source (36a), and a sequence of baffle elements (48) extending between the first and second end plates.

Abstract: An electromagnetic moving toy system comprises a track and at least one vehicle located on the track. The track comprises electrically connected coils windings serving as a linear stator and located in a series way along the track. The coils windings are powered in such way that at least two adjacent coil windings operating in time. The linear stator further comprises a core made of magnet-conducting material with high eddy current resistance. The vehicle comprising magnetic means interacting with the coils windings so the magnetic means serving as a moving body providing a possibility for moving of the vehicle. The magnetic means are made as permanent magnets with alternative polarity. According to another embodiment, the track comprises magnetic means located in a series way along the track. The vehicle comprises electrically connected coils windings serving as a linear stator powered by at least one autonomous power source.

Abstract: An energy management system for use with a hybrid energy off highway vehicle. The off highway vehicle includes a primary energy source and a power converter driven by the primary energy source for providing primary electric power. A traction bus is coupled to the power converter and carries the primary electric power. A traction drive is connected to the traction bus. The traction drive has a motoring mode in which the traction drive is responsive to the primary electric power for propelling the off highway vehicle. The traction drive has a dynamic braking mode of operation wherein said traction drive generates dynamic braking electrical energy. The energy management system includes an energy management processor for determining a power storage parameter and a power transfer parameter. An energy storage system is connected to the traction bus and is responsive to the energy management processor.

Abstract: A computerized system for use in connection with a hybrid energy off highway vehicle system of a off highway vehicle. The hybrid energy off highway vehicle system includes an off highway vehicle, a primary power source, and an off highway vehicle traction motor propelling the off highway vehicle in response to the primary electric power, and an energy capture system for storing and/or transferring electrical power. An energy management processor carried on the off highway vehicle controls transmission of electrical power among the primary electric power generator, the vehicle propulsion system, an electrical energy capture system, and each of the plurality of dynamic braking resistance grid circuits during motoring, operating and braking the travel of the off highway vehicle.

Abstract: A railroad vehicle (1500) for carrying freight is described. The railroad vehicle (1500) comprises power regeneration capability through a traction motor (1530) linked to a driving wheel (1520D), an electrical energy storage system (1550), a controller (1570) that may selectively operate the traction motor (1530) in a motoring mode, a coasting mode, or a dynamic braking mode. In the dynamic braking mode electrical energy from the traction motor (1530) is transmitted to the electrical energy storage system (1550). The controller (1570) is in communication with a communication link (1580) that receives control commands from an external control source (1595), and those control commands indicate the operating mode for a particular period of time.

Abstract: A self-powered railroad system (1700), in one embodiment, comprises a locomotive (1710), a control source (1715), and a plurality of load units (1720A-K and 1730A-G), some of which are railroad vehicles (1720A-K) comprising the components of railroad vehicle (1500) that provide for selective operation in a motoring mode, a coasting mode, or a dynamic braking mode. The self-powered railroad system may also comprise a control source and at least one railroad vehicle controlled by the control source, such as for coupling, uncoupling, and moving to or from a loading dock.

Abstract: A transition member for use in a railway freight car is provided. The transition member provides connection between the dissimilar cross sections of the underbody and draft sill of the railway freight car and the center sill of the railway freight car. The transition member is usually a unitary cast steel structure and is of a generally rectangular or square cross section.