Abstract: The present invention provides a process for reducing the nitrogen content of a liquid hydrocarbon feed wherein said process comprises a) contacting a liquid hydrocarbon feed comprising an alkylating agent and organic nitrogen species with an acidic catalyst at elevated temperature in a first reaction zone to generate a liquid hydrocarbon feed comprising a reduced alkylating agent content and organic nitrogen species of higher boiling point. b) fractionating the liquid hydrocarbon feed comprising a reduced alkylating agent content and organic nitrogen species of higher boiling point to remove the organic nitrogen species of higher boiling point to generate a liquid hydrocarbon feed comprising a reduced alkylating agent content and a reduced nitrogen content.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a system and method for continuously or substantially continuously separating particulate matter based on particle size and/or density of the matter. The system includes a separation chamber having a bottom portion disposed within a cavity of a rotatable bowl having fluid therein, preferably water. The internal cavity of the separation chamber is maintained under negative pressure such that fluid is drawn through the separation chamber at a predetermined velocity to separate the solids. Larger, dewatered and/or denser solids are directed to the cavity of the rotatable bowl and can be removed by rotation of the bowl while the smaller and/or less dense solids and fluid travel up through the separation chamber.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for disposing of waste materials. For some embodiments, the system includes a vibrating screen that operates at above approximately 750 vibrations per minute. The vibrations cause separation of particles, similar to a sifting mechanism. Some of the separated particles are then removed.

Abstract: Systems and methods for disposing of waste material are disclosed, in which a cross-belt magnet configuration is employed to separate ferromagnetic substances from waste material. For some embodiments, the system includes a first conveyor belt, a magnet, and a second conveyor belt. The first conveyor belt is configured to carry waste materials in a first direction. The magnet is located in proximity to the first conveyor belt such that the first conveyor belt is within range of the attractive force of the magnet. The magnet attracts the ferromagnetic substances. The second conveyor belt is interposed between the magnet and the first conveyor belt. The second conveyor belt is positioned non-parallel to the first conveyor belt, and is configured to carry the attracted ferromagnetic substances in a second direction, which is non-parallel to the first direction.

Abstract: Systems and methods for processing waste material are presented. For some embodiments, the system comprises a chamber, an inlet, a fluid outlet, a metal outlet, and a magnet. The inlet is configured to selectively open and close. The inlet injects waste material into the chamber when the inlet is open. The waste material is suspended in a fluid medium, and comprises both ferromagnetic substances and non-ferromagnetic substances. The magnet is a selectively activated magnet coupled to the chamber. The magnet is configured to activate when the inlet is open, and deactivate when the inlet is closed. The magnet attracts the ferromagnetic substances from the waste material when the magnet is activated. The attracted ferromagnetic substances are released from the magnet when the magnet is deactivated. The metal outlet configured to selectively open and close. The metal outlet opens and expels the released ferromagnetic material from the magnet when the magnet is deactivated.

Abstract: An apparatus for the electrostatic separation of a mixture of particles that exhibit difference in electrical conductivity comprising: a rotating roll with a conductive surface to which conducting particles lose their charge; feeding means for feeding the mixture of particles onto the conductive surface; an ionising electrode for ionising individual particles in the mixture of particles; a first static electrode having the same polarity as the ionising electrode and which serves to generate a static electric field, the first static electrode being located sufficiently close to the ionising electrode that the static field acts on the particles immediately after they are ionised; and splitter comprising a leading edge over which a conductor fraction stream flung from the rotating roll following charge decay in these particles passes, wherein the leading edge of the splitter is positioned beneath the first static electrode so that the conductor fraction remains under the influence of the static electric field as

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for screening drilling fluids to remove entrained debris, the fluid is urged upwardly from the lower side to the upper side of an inclined or horizontal mesh screen, so that debris falls from the face of the screen under gravity to be collected and removed, and the clean fluid emerges above the screen. The debris may be removed by a conveyor or by a vibrating mesh surface. The operating life of the screen is thereby extended.

Abstract: A sheet processing apparatus including a table to be loaded a first and a second banknote group partitioned by a header card recording the bar code number in the piling direction of the banknotes, a take-in portion to take in the banknotes of the first and second banknote groups loaded on the table and the header card, a discrimination portion to count the banknotes taken in by the take-in portion and discriminate the kind thereof, a plurality of stackers to sort and stack the banknotes discriminated by the discrimination portion on the basis of the kink thereof, and a sensor to detect the header card taken in by the take-in portion. The sheet processing apparatus additionally includes a controller to control so as to stop the taking-in of the second banknote group on the basis of detection of the header card by the sensor and after a lapse of a predetermined time, to start the taking-in of the second banknote group.

Abstract: A system for sorting articles includes a detector system having a plurality of narrow bandwidth sources of electromagnetic energy sequentially illuminating articles passing through the detector system, the detector system further including a collector for collecting electromagnetic energy reflected from the articles; a deflector for deflecting selected articles toward an alternative destination; and a control system, operably connected to the collector and the deflector, for actuating the deflector in response to a sensed parameter of the electromagnetic energy collected in the collector.

Abstract: The invention provides a holder for manual delivery of mail to a recipient having one or more alert marks thereon which signify that a predetermined action should be taken during mail delivery. The holder may be a bag, folder or any similar device suitable for holding mail and accepting printing. The alert marking distinguishes the holder from others lacking such a mark and prompts the mail carrier to inspect the holder's contents for a potential problem, such as mail not properly deliverable to that address.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for inspecting and sorting molded containers includes an inspection device for inspecting containers and a container mold of origin identifier for correlating a container that is determined to have at least one unacceptable commercial variation with the mold cavity that produced the container. A controller having a programmed cavity reject threshold is in communication with the inspection device and the container mold of origin identifier for monitoring a commercial variation threshold to determine if a mold of origin has produced a threshold number of containers having a commercial variation outside the acceptable limits. A diverter is in communication with the controller for segregating all the containers produced by a mold of origin determined to have produced the threshold number of containers having the commercial variation beyond the acceptable limits.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for controlling an automatic separator apparatus of a Materials Recovery Facility. An input stream of recycled materials is provided, wherein the composition of the input stream is subject to variation during a time interval. At least one characteristic of the input waste material stream is measured. An initial value is selected for an adjustable parameter of the automatic separator apparatus based upon the measured characteristic of the input stream.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for controlling an automatic separator apparatus of a Materials Recovery Facility. An input stream of recycled materials is provided, wherein the composition of the input stream is subject to variation during a time interval. The input stream passes through a separator machine having a plurality of adjustable machine operating parameters. Via a computerized control system the first one of the operating parameters is adjusted for monitoring the quality of separation achieved by the separator machine so as to select a value of the first parameter that improves the monitored quality of separation. This process is continued for each of the other adjustable parameters of the separator machine, and then the process is repeated so as to continuously adjust the operating parameters of the separator machine to optimize its efficiency of separation.

Abstract: A particle collector and sampler for use with aerosols which has a first collector for larger particles and a second a collector which is a net collector for smaller particles. The system includes humidity control.

Abstract: Apparatus, methods and systems are used to separate fines from objects of a feed mixture being processed (e.g., iron bearing pellets, chips and dust). For example, at least a portion of an endless belt defining a channel is movable up an incline relative to horizontal (e.g., an incline that is at an angle relative to horizontal that is greater than an angle of repose associated with the objects, but less than an angle of repose associated with the fines being removed). Further, obstruction elements may be used on the endless belt to impede the flow of the fines down the incline.

Abstract: A hemodialysis device includes a hemodialysis device main body including an arterial blood circuit, venous blood circuit, blood pump, dialyzer, dialysate inlet and outlet lines, voltage adding means, electric potential measuring means, and monitoring means monitoring the needle when it is detached from the patient based on an electric potential measured by the electric potential measuring means. One electrode of the voltage adding means is attached between an arterial blood needle in the arterial blood circuit and the pump, and another electrode is attached to the dialysate outlet line. The hemodialysis device allows the precise detection of a needle that is detached from a patient taking a blood hemodialysis treatment by monitoring a voltage difference at a predetermined position while providing voltage to the blood flowing in the blood circuit. The device also allows the suppression of an increase in production cost for a disposable blood circuit.

Abstract: A filtering apparatus comprising an elongate container body, an inlet, an inlet reservoir, an outlet, an outlet reservoir, and at least two filter elements, wherein each filter units contains two or more space-apart and co-axially stacked filter elements encased in a cylindrical-shaped filter cartridge. Contaminated fluid flows from the inlet, through the perforations located on the inlet reservoir separator, and into the elongate container body. Fluid flows into the filter units through perforations in the filter cartridge and the open ends of the filter cartridge. The filter units use an opposed axial flow method to draw the fluid through the filter elements. The filtered fluid flows through a perforation in the axial conduit, passes through the axial conduit outlet into the outlet reservoir. The filtered fluid then exits through the outlet. The present invention may be used in operation with a motor and pump to filter large flow rates and volumes of contaminated fluid.

Abstract: A fluid treatment system, includes a pressurizable tank, a compressed air source, and a float disposed inside the tank, the float rising or falling in response to a level of fluid in the tank; and a float-actuated switch assembly connected to the float. The float-actuated switch assembly starts introduction of compressed air into the tank from the compressed air source. A purge valve may be provided to allow fluid to flow out of the tank during the introduction of compressed air into the tank. The float-actuated switch assembly may include a magnetic switch.

Abstract: A pool cover pump strainer is disclosed comprising an upper surface, a bottom surface having a strainer chamber array, and a central induction chamber. A compatible pump is secured in the central induction chamber. Water flows into the lower strainer chamber array either between the outer edge of the strainer and the pool cover, or through apertures provided in the upper surface. As water flows through the lower strainer chamber array toward the central induction chamber, debris is filtered, and water is pumped into and through the pump and away from the pool cover through an attached hose.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of washing engines, particularly using washing liquids such as water and detergent or water only, and more specifically to systems, apparatus and a mobile cart comprising such a system for collecting and treating the waste water from engine washing operations. The system comprises a collecting device for collecting waste liquid during a washing operation of the engine and a treatment device for treating waste liquid collected during said washing operation. According to an embodiment, the system is arranged on a mobile cart (50) for serving an engine (1) during a washing operation of the engine (1) comprising a chassis provided with wheels. The mobile cart also includes adjusting means (73) for adjusting the vertical position of the liquid separating means (31) and/or adjusting means for adjusting the vertical position of the liquid collecting means (302, 36) relative the engine (1).

Abstract: A separating agent for optical isomers which contains a polysaccharide derivative as an active ingredient, wherein the polysaccharide derivative serving as an active ingredient is one formed by replacing at least part of the hydrogen atoms of the hydroxyl groups and amino groups of a polysaccharide with at least one member selected out of a benzoyl group having a specific alkyl group and a carbamoyl group in which one hydrogen atom has been replaced with an aromatic group having a specific alkyl group. It is a novel separating agent for optical isomers which has the high ability to asymmetrically identify the target compound to be analyzed and isolated.

Abstract: A device for separating impurities from liquids for use in a separator for separating the impurities from an impurities/liquid mixture has a plate-shaped configuration in which at least two stacked plates are secured by a rod-shaped carrier centrally arranged relative to the plates. A cleaning device for cleaning such plate-shaped separating elements provided in a separator for separating impurities from an impurity/liquid mixture has a three-part configuration with a tub-shaped receiving unit, a cleaning unit, and a lid-shaped tray unit.

Abstract: A hollow fiber membrane contactor includes a perforated center tube, a first mat comprising a first hollow fiber membrane, a second mat comprising a second hollow fiber membrane, a first tube sheet, a second tube sheet, a shell, and end caps. The first and second hollow fiber membranes are dissimilar. The first and second mats surround the center tube, and the first and second tube sheets affix the first and second mats to the center tube. The first hollow fiber membrane has a first lumen, and the second hollow fiber membrane has a second lumen. The first lumen may be open at the first tube sheet and closed at the second tube sheet while the second lumen may be open at the second tube sheet and closed at the first tube sheet. The shell surrounds the first and second mats, and it is sealed to the tube sheets. The end caps are affixed to the shell thereby defining headspaces therebetween the tube sheets and the end caps.

Abstract: New fluid separation devices and absorption materials are disclosed. Axially slotted hollow fibers act as very high efficiency absorption materials, as well as high-surface-area fluid separation devices. The slotted fibers are constructed to preferentially absorb or repel different fluids and arranged to maximize that action over a plurality of fibers to separate different fluids. These separation devices can also function as injection devices and very effective micro-reactors.

Abstract: An oil filter casing of the present invention includes a tool engaging member to facilitate oil filter installation and removal from mounting with an engine block. The oil filter casing includes a tubular sidewall spanning to a first end and a second enclosed end to house a filter element. The tool engaging member is connected with the enclosed end and is formed of a receiver extending inwardly towards the filter element and a brace extending from the receiver to connect with the casing at one or more locations distal to the receiver. The receiver is adapted to receiver a tool, such as a socket wrench, to effect rotation of the casing when rotatably mounted with an engine block.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention eliminate, in an elemental analysis made of fine particles trapped using a conventional analytical filter, a hindrance to correct identification of elements of the fine particles as an original object of measurement that would otherwise cause the X-ray analyzer to measure elements of a filter base in addition to those of the fine particles. In one embodiment, an analytical filter includes a filter base and a metallic coating film. The filter base made of a resin has a plurality of filtering holes, each having a hole diameter ranging between about 100 nm and 1000 nm. The metallic coating film is formed on one face of the filter base through ion sputtering of gold (Au). The metallic coating film is so thick that an electron beam from an X-ray analyzer does not penetrate therethrough and the filtering holes are not plugged up. The metallic coating film is at least about 40 nm thick and is preferably about 40 nm to 100 nm thick.

Abstract: A filter assembly for fluids including a filter element configured for axial through flow that has alternately sealed filter channels for axial through flow and a centrally disposed support member, which in conjunction with a mating part ensures that the filter element can be handled for servicing purposes. The mating part is preferably constructed as a retaining grid, which prevents damage to the axial end surface of the filter element.

Abstract: A screen is described for use in a vibrating machine for separating solids from liquid material, comprising woven wire cloth of orthogonal warp and weft wires, tensioned and bonded to a support structure defining at least one rectangular opening across which the cloth extends. The orientation of the cloth is chosen so that the warp wires extend across the width (i.e. shorter dimension) of the or each opening. A method of manufacturing two screens side by side in a jig involves laying a length of woven wire cloth across two rectangular frames laid side by side in the jig with longer edges thereof abutting, and orientating the cloth so that the warp wires extend continuously across the two screens. The cloth is bonded to the frames after which it is severed along the join and surplus cloth is trimmed away from the edges of the frame.

Abstract: The present invention provides microporous polymers and methods for producing and using the same. In particular, microporous polymers of the present invention are highly porous as indicated by a Gurley air permeability flow rate of about 4 seconds or less per mL of air flow per 25 micron of microporous polymer thickness per square inch.

Abstract: The object of the invention is a process for the production of a molecule vector that can be used in water treatment, able to trap heavy ions, characterized in that it comprises the following stages: Diluting ornithine, NH2—(CH2)3—CH(NH2)—COOH, in water, Adjusting the pH to a value of between 6.5 and 7.5, Adding glutaraldehyde, OHC—(CH2)3—COH, and Awaiting the polycondensation reaction and the formation of imines, and Recovering the poly(ornithine-G) that is obtained. The invention also covers the vector that is obtained and the use as heavy-ion sensors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a consortium of Nitrosomonas eutropha and Nitrobacter winogradskyi, which is more effective at removing ammonia and nitrite than the commonly used consortium of Nitrosomonas europea and Nitrobacter winogradskyi, particularly in aquaculture such as shrimp ponds. Supplementation of the consortium in aquaculture such as shrimp ponds may lead to an increase in total yield, an increase in size, a decrease in Food Conversion Ratio (less food required per kg of shrimp obtained), and an increase in total per pond sales.

Abstract: This is a method of batch-continuous operation for treatment and separation of liquid-solid mixtures in a reactor with reactive solids comprising steps of continuously feeding the liquid in the reactor, contacting (possibly, mixing) liquid with the solids in at least a portion of the reactor, periodically separating the liquid from the solids in unmixed, or predominantly unmixed, portion of the reactor, discharging at least a portion of the separated liquid from the reactor, and retaining the separated solids in the unmixed portion of the reactor, and periodically resuspending the solids in the unmixed portion of the reactor and transferring the resuspended soilds into the portion of the reactor for contacting liquid with the solids. The contacting and/or mixing of the liquid with the solids in the mixed portion of the reactor can be continuous or periodic mixing. The unmixed zone differs from the quiescent zone in conventional clarifiers.

Abstract: A membrane filtration system comprising one or more submerged ultrafiltration or microfiltration membrane assemblies at ambient pressure, each membrane assembly positioned 100-240 mm from a nearest wall, baffle, or adjacent membrane assembly and no more than 1 meter above a floor and at least 150 mm below the liquid level. Mixed liquor is discharged underneath each membrane assembly to create a vertical flow velocity in a range of 1-8 mm/second along an entire length of the membrane assembly. In a sequenced batch reactor system, a coarse bubble air diffuser for scouring each membrane assembly is supplied with air only during the backwash cycle of the filtration system and not during the filtration cycle. In a membrane bioreactor system, the biological treatment section is physically separated from the filtration section and fine bubble air diffusion is used in the biological treatment section.

Abstract: A material contaminated with a solvent is treated with a hydrofluorocarbon to remove the contaminant. A preferred hydrofluorocarbon is tetrafluoroethane. Apparatus for carrying out the process is also described.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of purifying feedwater to remove impurities including suspended solids therefrom, the method suitable for using in-line water pressure to permeate water through hollow fiber membranes and to backflush the membranes to remove solids collected or deposited thereon.

Abstract: A method for the treatment and filtration of fluids, i.e. liquid effluents such as raw water containing organic pollutants in a solution, using gravity separation means (10) such as a decantation and flotation means, and membrane separation means (13) in a finishing stage, wherein a first pulverulent reagent (1) is introduced into the flow of a fluid to be treated upstream from gravity separation, and a second pulverulent reagent (2) is introduced downstream from the membrane separation. The inventive method is characterized in that the coagulant required for separation is injected before the first pulverulent reagent; in that the first and second pulverulent reagents (1,2) have different characteristics, i.e. in terms of granulometry, adsorption capacity adapted to the pollutants which are to be eliminated; and in that the second pulverulent reagent (2) is recycled from membrane separation means (13) upstream from the gravity separation means (10).

Abstract: A water treatment system for removing hard ions from source water. The water treatment system is of the type that includes a pair of ion-exchange water softener tanks connectable to a source of pressurized water and with a water system to supply softened water to the water system, the tanks each being capable of regeneration by flushing with a regeneration solution to replenish depleted ions. A process for preventing system failure due to salt crystallization includes flowing water during brine replenishment from a second nozzle and a first nozzle at a defined ratio. The first nozzle diluted the brine in a reservoir after regeneration cycle is complete. The second nozzle replenishes brine by flowing water directly onto a salt material.

Abstract: Magnetic handling structure (1a) comprising a retractable magnet (4) and a probe (3) for the manipulation of magnetic particles in biological samples and methods of handling magnetic particles in biological samples.

Abstract: A system for controlling the operation of conductive plates immersed in an aqueous solution, such as in water treatment applications. The system allows independent control of the current sourced or sunk by each of a plurality of plates. The system also allows each plate to be placed in a high-impedance state in which no appreciable current is sourced or sunk by the system. A plate or a group of plates is controlled by a control module which interfaces to a central controller such as a personal computer or a programmable logic controller. Multiple control modules can be added to a system to support multiple plates, each of which can be controlled individually from the central controller. Each control module is also capable of sensing voltage and current at its corresponding plate and providing that information to the central controller.

Abstract: Processes and devices associated with reducing the amount of organic substances in a fluid are described. In one example method, oxidizing agents may be introduced into a local constriction of flow in a flow-through chamber as the fluid is flowed therethrough. Cavitation bubbles which contain and/or are associated with the oxidizing agents may form. Collapse of the cavitation bubbles may produce pulses of ultraviolet light, thereby ionizing the oxidizing agents, producing hydroxyl radicals, and degrading and/or oxidizing the organic substances in the fluid. An example device may include a flow-through chamber including a local constriction of flow, a port configured to introduce oxidizing agents into the local constriction of flow, and may include an area configured to collapse the cavitation bubbles, thereby initiating events leading to degradation and/or oxidation of organic substances in a fluid flowed through the device.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for preparing an enhanced water composition having increased oxygen solubility, and methods for employing the composition to enhance oxygen absorption in tissues for enhancing athletic performance and treating the symptoms of disease are provided herein.

Abstract: A liquid/solid separator system mounted on a mobile cart and connected to a process tank for reducing the rate at which fluids are consumed in manufacturing processes. The system may include automation and also may include a shear-stepped screen including tilted wire wedge wires arranged at varying cant angles. The system may include a fine screen basket received in a settling box.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process and system for sludge concentration which transfers sludge into a dewatering device while maintaining the sludge density at a predetermined level constant suitable for dewatering the sludge even when the density of the precipitated sludge varies, thus improving the sludge treating efficiency and sludge dewatering efficiency, and reducing the amount of a coagulant to be used. In the process and system for sludge concentration, an automatic sludge/water separation and discharge device is installed in a mixing flocculation tank. Thus, the sludge is mixed with the coagulant and flocculated in the mixing flocculation tank to produce flocs and a supernatant, while the supernatant is directly discharged from the mixing flocculation tank. Furthermore, the amount of the supernatant is controlled to maintain the desired density of the flocs to be transferred to the dewatering device. Thus, the dewatering device can be stably operated.

Abstract: A blanking panel is provided for use with equipment racks or enclosures that house electronic components. The blanking panel is configured and arranged to facilitate installation of the panel with a pair of vertical mounting rails or flanges of a rack or enclosure without the use of tools or other hardware. The blanking panel is constructed of one or more materials and/or defines one or more configurations such that when the blanking panel is installed into a rack or enclosure, portions of a body of the blanking panel interface with a surface of an equipment component or another blanking panel installed above or below the blanking panel to thereby form an air seal therebetween. The air seal helps to reduce or prevent hot exhaust air from mixing with cooling air within a rack or enclosure, and further helps to reduce or prevent cooling air from bypassing equipment components.

Abstract: The device system of the invention while in use is designed to include one stationary tray assembly with a plurality of non adjacent compartments for holding a first set of DVD cases or alike, spaced apart by a plurality of slidable carriers adapted to fit within the remaining compartments, for holding a second set of DVD cases. The slidable parallel carriers are joined at the front or the rear side of the storage system to act as a single slidable assembly including a frontal handle that allows for push-pull operations. The individual carriers and respective DVD cases carried by the sidable assembly are adapted to slidably engage in every other compartment within the separation walls of the stationary tray, while the remaining compartments of the stationary tray are adapted to hold stationary DVD cases.

Abstract: A socket tray for use in torque control systems that includes proximity sensors that detect the presence or absence of sockets normally held in the socket tray without coming into direct contact with the sockets. The sockets are received and held in socket-receiving chambers that can have open or closed bottoms. The proximity sensors are positioned to detect the presence or absence of sockets in the socket-receiving chambers.

Abstract: A product display system comprising a top and bottom, one or more display panels forming a display column together with the top and bottom, and one or more box openings adjacent to one or more eyeglass post openings in the display panels such that the eyeglasses are displayed adjacent to their boxes. Also a method of displaying eyeglasses adjacent to their packaging.

Abstract: A modular device for the support of casks includes a base structure on which the casks are supported in multiple rows and/or columns formed by at least two, substantially parallel bars, with specular form and geometry, with one end of each of the said bars being fitted with a male joining element and the opposite end fitted with a complementary female joining element. Each bar includes at least one pair of upper facing support elements in the form of wedges with facing inclined surfaces, arranged with a mutual separation on the upper side of each of the bars so that they support a cask in a stable position, and at least one other pair of respective lower facing support elements, which are separated, but arranged on the lower side of the bar and in positions that are supported on a lower cask in use.

Abstract: A blank for a stackable shelf and the shelf formed from it. The blank comprises a substantially rectangular shelf member having side edges and side walls. Each of the side walls has an integral extension. Each of the side walls is attached to its side edge by score lines. Each of the side walls has a height which is perpendicular to its score line. The heights of the side walls are substantially equal. The integral extensions extend into the shelf member and are detachable from the shelf member. Each of the integral extensions has a height which is perpendicular to the score line which attaches its side wall to the shelf member. The height of the integral extension is greater than the height of the side wall. Each of the integral extensions has a transverse score line which divides the extension into an upper and a lower section. The score line is substantially parallel to the score line which attaches its side wall to the shelf member.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a nipple assembly comprising a cap portion and a nipple portion wherein the cap portion has sides and a top wherein the sides have an inner surface comprising screw threads and the top has a hole that is smaller than the circumference of the sides and a lip portion extending inwards from the sides towards the center of the cap and wherein the nipple portion comprises a nipple and a base wherein the base fits securely within the hole in said top and the sides of the cap such that the base portion of the nipple mechanically anchors the nipple within the cap and wherein the base mechanically abuts the bottom surface of the lip such that when the cap is screwed onto a standard externally-threaded neck of a bottle containing a comestible liquid the base acts to form a seal between the bottom surface of the cap and the top of the bottle.