Abstract: A direct acting hydraulic voting trip block defines three separate paths between an inlet and an outlet port. Each path is intersected by a valve cylinder. Valve pistons in each valve cylinder are configured, in the activated position, to block two of thee different paths. As long as at least two of the pistons are in the activated position, communication between the inlet and outlet ports is prevented.

Abstract: This invention comprises a purge valve comprising a valve body having a first primary loop port and a second primary loop port, the valve body defining a first secondary loop port and second secondary loop port, the valve body defining a flow channel and a valve portion, the valve portion in communication with the first, second, third, and forth port and a flow diversion device disposed within the valve portion, the flow diversion device configurable between a first and second position such that when the flow diversion device is in the first position the first primary loop port is in communication with the second primary loop port, the first secondary loop port and the second secondary loop port and when the flow diversion device is in a second position the first primary loop port is in communication with the first secondary loop port only and the second primary loop port is in communication with the second secondary loop port only.

Abstract: The present invention is a water conservation safety shut-off valve assembly for use on locations which normally have intermittent water usage but need to indicate when there is constant water usage, such as a leak. The valve assembly has a valve body with a fluid pathway and a valve plug held in an open position allowing water to flow through the pathway. As water flows through the pathway, a sensing device detects water flowing through the pathway and begins timing duration of water flowing through the pathway. If the water flow through the pathway stops, the timer value is reset to zero. If the water flows through the pathway, and the timer circuit reaches a predetermined manually set value, the valve closes the pathway, stopping the flow of water through the valve assembly. Preferably, the valve assembly indicates whether the valve is in an open or closed position.

Abstract: An inflatable product has an air pump device and a pressure releasing valve. The air pump device has a housing and a pumping assembly. The housing has two openings as an inlet opening and an outlet opening. The pumping assembly is mounted in the housing and has a motor and a fan. The motor is mounted between the inlet and outlet openings and drives the fan. Consequently, mounting the motor between the first opening and the second opening dissipates the heat of the motor because the air passing by the motor cools the motor. The pressure releasing valve is adjusted by users and releases air while pressure of air in the inflatable body reaches a predetermined pressure level.

Abstract: A three-way poppet valve that can restrict or eliminate backflow without the use of an external check valve. Unlike conventional three-way poppet valves wherein both inlets can be open to the outlet at the same time during movement of the poppet, the valve according to the present invention can be configured to close both inlets prior to opening one of the inlets to the outlet. The valve features a poppet valve assembly that is operable to prevent both inlets from being open to the outlet at the same time. The valve assembly also reduces the force needed to close the valve against at least one of the inlets thereby allowing the use of a smaller actuator. A unique seal including a valve seat that is configured to conform to a valve member under sufficient pressure.

Abstract: A control valve assembly includes a valve body having a valve opening, a first pressure passage, a second pressure passage, and a valve body land. A valve member is received in the valve opening for movement between an open position and a closed position. The valve member includes a first valve member land and a second valve member land. The first valve member land and the valve body land cooperate to define a first metering flow passage and a second metering flow passage. The first and second metering flow passages are configured to impart a hydrodynamic force on the valve member during fluid flow through the valve body, which biases the valve member toward the open position or the closed position.

Abstract: A cartridge valve assembly includes a body having a central bore, a first port, a second port, and a third port fluidly connected to the central bore. The cartridge valve assembly further includes a main spool positioned within the central bore and being movable between at least a first position and a second position. The main spool forms, within the central bore, a first chamber, and a second chamber, and a control chamber. The cartridge valve assembly also includes a first passage fluidly communicating the first chamber with the second chamber, and an actuator adapted to apply a force to a first end of the main spool. The cartridge valve assembly further includes a feedback spool having an end exposed to a feedback chamber formed within the body, and a second passage fluidly communicating the control chamber with the feedback chamber.

Abstract: A valve apparatus includes a first base block having flow passages formed therein, a second base block and a control block. By connecting together side surfaces of the blocks so that the surfaces mutually oppose one another, a manifold formed in the interior of each of the blocks is configured and connected, and valves are installed internally in the first base block and the second base block. Further, gaskets are gripped between each of the interconnected parts, wherein the gaskets are held in a state of being flush with or protruding with respect to outer surfaces of the blocks that are positioned on both sides of the gaskets.

Abstract: Interaction between two different species of particle(s) in a fluid stream is promoted by generating turbulent eddies in a fluid stream. The turbulent eddies are designed to be of such size and/or intensity that the different sized particle(s) are entrained into the eddies to significantly different extents and forced to follow different trajectories, increasing the likelihood of collisions and interactions. Optimum collision rates will occur for a system which maintains a Stokes Number much less than 1 for one sized particle, and or order 1 or greater for the other sized particle. The invention has particular application in air pollution control, whereby agglomeration of fine particles into larger particles is promoted, subsequent to their removal.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for mixing at least two fluid substances and carrying out or initiating a reaction between them, wherein the apparatus is a static mixer are described. The static mixer includes a fluid receiving chamber, a first conduit passing through the fluid receiving chamber and having at least one tapered aperture therethrough, and a second conduit operatively connected to the fluid receiving chamber.

Abstract: A method provides a tube for a fuel delivery module. The tube (16) is preferably constructed and arranged to be fluidly coupled between a fuel filter and a fuel pump of the module. The method includes molding a hollow tube (16) including a first portion (18) and a second portion (24) integral with the first portion. Each of the first and second portions has an opened end (20, 26), with the opened ends communicating with each other. Each opened end has axis (A, B). The axis (B) of the opened end of the second portion is generally transverse with respect to the axis (A) of the opened end of the first portion. The method further includes pre-forming the tube such that the axis (B) of the opened end of the second portion is generally parallel with respect to the axis (A) of the opened end of the first portion, with the opened ends facing the same direction.

Abstract: A refrigerant-transporting hose includes a low-permeability layer and a rubber outer layer disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the low-permeability layer. The low-permeability layer is formed from a resin film made of a polyvinyl alcohol with a saponification degree of 90% or more. The resin film has a thickness of 5 to 100?.

Abstract: A composite pipe having at least one metal end piece (2, 3) with a free end and a non-metal tubular component (10). The tubular component (10) is coupled to the at least one end piece (2, 3) opposite of the free end of the end piece (2, 3), by means of at least one peripherally extending, axially acting groove (6, 7) that the non-metallic tubular component (10) engages. The non-metallic tubular component (10) generally comprises axial fibres (11) extending down into the at least one groove (6, 7). The groove (6, 7) has a bottom (13) and a flank (14), which flank is located furthest away from the free end of the end piece (2, 3). Between the flank (14) and the axial fibres (11) there is provided an intermediate layer (15). Also described is a method of manufacturing such a composite pipe.

Abstract: A point of sale system for custom preparation of a personal care product includes a dispensing container, a plurality of personal care product ingredients and mechanisms for introducing determined amounts of selected personal care product ingredients into the dispensing container; and a non-adulterating multi-axis centrifugal mixing apparatus, adapted to mix lotion ingredients within the container, without the mixing apparatus contacting the lotion within the container. An identifying label is be provided for the dispensing container. A method for custom formulation, non-adulterating mixing and packaging of a personal care product at a point of sale location entails introducing selected lotion ingredients into a selected container; centrifugally mixing the ingredients in the container without physically contacting the ingredients; closing the container; and applying a label. The method may be implemented at a point of sale or in response to online orders.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for needle filling and thermally resealing containers having stoppers that are needle penetrable for filling the containers with a substance, and are thermally resealable for thermally sealing a needle hole in the stopper upon withdrawal of a needle therefrom. A container support of the apparatus supports at least one container having a resealable stopper in a substantially fixed position during needle filling and thermally resealing a needle hole in the stopper upon withdrawal of a needle therefrom.

Abstract: A capless refueling assembly is provided that includes a retaining base and first and second doors. The retaining base has a fuel nozzle opening formed therethrough. The first door is pivotally secured to the retaining base, such that the first door covers a first portion of the fuel nozzle opening in a closed position. The second door is also pivotally secured to the retaining base, such that the second door covers a second portion of the fuel nozzle opening in the closed position. The first and second doors oppose one another and are configured to close the fuel nozzle opening in said closed position. The first and second doors are configured to pivot away from one another to open the fuel nozzle opening when a fuel nozzle is urged into the first and second doors.

Abstract: An adjusting device for the conveying belt of a planer includes a fundamental plate assembled on the base of a planer. The fundamental plate has its rear end disposed with a rear roller unit connected with the base of the planer and composed of two adjusting plates and a rear roller. The two adjusting plates are respectively bored with longitudinal insert slots preset in number to enable the adjusting plates to be slidably assembled on the fundamental plate. Each adjusting plate has its front end extending outward vertically and forming a positioning wall pivotally fixed thereon with a positioning member and movably fastened on the base of the planer. The adjusting device for the conveying belt of this invention is simple in structure and easy to be assembled, lowering processing and assembling cost.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide an apparatus which includes an apparatus body, a splitter for splitter relatively larger pieces of material into relatively smaller pieces of material coupled with the apparatus body, and a grinder for grinding the relatively smaller pieces of material also coupled with the apparatus body. A power source may be adapted to provide power to both the grinder and the splitter. The grinding can be accomplished with minimal repositioning of the relatively smaller pieces once split. The splitting, then the grinding can be accomplished with little to no translational movement within a job site of a nearby piece of equipment adapted for picking up first the relatively larger pieces then the relatively smaller pieces.

Abstract: A process for preparing the surface of aluminum products to receive colored coatings comprises a substantially pollution free, non-chromate pretreatment and aluminum conversion coating process. The process provides improved coating quality, increased process stability, increased throughput and extended operating life of the processing baths by controlling the electrical resistance of the deionized water used for washing the aluminum product being processed to at least about 50 k ohms and controlling the manner of washing between each step of the process.

Abstract: In order to provide a heat treatment apparatus and method for induction tempering through temperature control, the induction heat treatment apparatus of the present invention conducts tempering through high-frequency heating of a workpiece (1), and includes temperature control means for adjusting the temperature of the heating workpiece (1). The temperature control means includes heating means (2) for high-frequency heating a workpiece (1), temperature-control-dedicated temperature measuring means (3) for measuring the temperature of the workpiece (1) heated by the heating means (2), and temperature adjusting means connected to the temperature measuring means (3) for providing a temperature control signal to the heating means (2) based on temperature information from the temperature measuring means (3).

Abstract: A process for treating a workpiece, said process comprising the steps of: (c) altering the temperature of a workpiece surface wherein at least one condition selected from the group of: thermal treatment rate, relative motion between the surface and said thermal treatment rate, coolant flow rate onto said surface, heating flow rate onto said surface and the relative speed between the heating means or the cooling means and the surface is controllable; (d) simultaneously measuring temperatures at a plurality of locations over the surface of the workpiece; (c) determining an average temperature of the temperatures measured in step (b); (d) comparing the average temperature to a preselected minimum temperature and a preselected maximum temperature for the workpiece; and (e) automatically adjusting at least one of the controllable conditions if said average temperature is not between the preselected minimum temperature and the preselected maximum temperature for the workpiece.

Abstract: An improved purse having the capability of easily and quickly being transformed in appearance of color, texture and mood on the surface of its exterior by use of interchangeable panels of selected material (22) being placed inside the purse's exterior pocket (32). An opening and closure means (28) allows access for the panel of selected material (22) to be inserted into the purse's exterior pocket (32) which then is placed in a closed position to hold said panel of selected material (22) securely in position. A cutout opening in the outermost surface of the pocket (30) allows the panel of selected material (22) to be seen, thus transforming the purse's former surface appearance to that of a new and different appearance in mere seconds without having disturbed the contents inside the purse.

Abstract: A method for adapting tires (14) of an, in particular, motor-driven means of locomotion to given travel situations, in particular of a passenger car, of a lorry or the like. The shape of at least one tire (14), preferably of a plurality of tires (14) or of all the tires (14), is changed selectively, and preferably automatically, during the journey as a function of the travel situation.

Abstract: Vehicle pneumatic tire includes a carcass having sidewalls and a tread rubber. A sidewall area is covered on an outside by a sidewall rubber strip. A moiré pattern is arranged on the sidewall rubber strip and is formed by a superimposition of at least two linear non-identical families of curves. A first family of curves of the at least two linear non-identical families of curves is formed by undulatory curves having regular wave form. A second family of curves of the at least two linear non-identical families of curves is formed by undulatory curves having irregular wave form. This abstract is not intended to define the invention disclosed in the specification, nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Abstract: Disclosed is a pneumatic tire capable of enhancing durability and reducing rolling resistance while maintaining lateral stiffness. The pneumatic tire of the present invention is provided with at least one carcass ply laid therein so as to extend between a pair of bead portions and formed of organic fiber cords. The tire has a casing structure where a bead filler is arranged to an outer periphery of a bead core buried in the bead portion. Additionally, an air pressure corresponding to the maximum load capacity of the tire is in a range from 350 to 650 kPa.

Abstract: Tire having two beads, at least one bead 1 of which has a seat 11 inclined toward the outside, this seat 11 being extended axially and radially to the outside by a lateral part 12, this bead 1 comprising an anchoring device formed from at least one circumferential bead reinforcing element 5 and from a wedge-shaped profiled element 7 made of a rubber compound, a radial carcass reinforcement 4 anchored in each bead to the circumferential bead reinforcing element 5, this tire being characterized in that the outwardly inclined bead seat 11 includes at least one circumferentially continuous rib 9 making at least one complete revolution, said at least one rib 9 being located axially to the outside of a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tire and axially tangential to the outside of the circumferential bead reinforcing element 5 in order to create a continuous line of contact pressure equal to or greater than the inflation pressure of the tire.

Abstract: A tire includes a crown reinforcement provided with a cord forming a plurality of circumferential turns, the cord disposed on opposite sides of a median zone of the tire. The circumferential tension of the cord varies axially along the tire. The circumferential tension of the cord on one side of the median zone diminishes in a direction directed away from one edge of the tire from an edge tension value to an inflection tension value, then increases in that same direction to a median zone tension value greater than the inflection tension value, and then decreases in that same direction back to the inflection tension value at the opposite side of the median zone.

Abstract: A method of continuously forming a multilayer panel includes making a gypsum slurry, then dividing the gypsum slurry into at least a primary gypsum slurry and a secondary gypsum slurry. An additive slurry having water and an intumescent material is created, then added to the secondary gypsum slurry to make an expandable layer slurry that is spread over at least a portion of a facing material. The primary gypsum slurry is distributed over the secondary gypsum slurry over the facing material and the expanding layer slurry to form a core. Optionally, another layer, an edge coating, is applied to the expanding layer for additional fire protection. The edge coating includes a second intumescent material. During a fire, the expanding layer expands to increase the thickness of the fire exposed gypsum panel and the edge coating expands to seal the gap between adjoining gypsum panels.

Abstract: In the field of tyre building, underbelt inserts are applied to an expandable support associated with an auxiliary drum on which the belt structure is made, simultaneously with manufacture of a carcass structure on a primary drum. Following expansion of the expandable support, the underbelt inserts are applied to the belt structure that can be directly made on the support itself in an expanded condition. The belt structure together with the underbelt inserts and a tread band are then transferred onto the carcass structure formed on the primary drum to complete building of the tyre following shaping of the carcass into a toroidal conformation.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a pneumatic tire with a noise damper on the inside of the tread portion, comprises the steps of: building a raw tire on an annular tire building core; placing the raw tire within a vulcanizing mold together with the core; and heating the raw tire in the mold. The tire building core has a molding face for molding an inner surface of the tread portion. The molding face is provided with a groove extending in the tire circumferential direction. In the step of building the raw tire, an expandable damper material is placed in the groove. During heating the raw tire to be vulcanized, the damper material expands in the groove, whereby the expanded material forms the noise damper integrated into the radially inside of the tread portion.

Abstract: A system for producing an annular coaxial stranded bead cord in which speedy winding operation, good winding performance and good shaping performance causing no disturbance in the arrangement of a siding wire (2) are ensured. A reel (21) is made to reciprocate on the core surface of an annular core (1) transversely at a predetermined position and the annular core (1) is made to perform pendulum motion about a fulcrum, i.e. a clamp unit (13) becoming the winding point of the siding wire (2). Since a substantially constant distance is kept from the reel (21) to the winding point of the siding wire (2), the siding wire (2) being fed out from the reel (21) does not slack at the time of winding and is wound around the annular core (1) with a constant tension. In a system for winding the siding wire around the annular core by moving the reel in a box type with respect to the annular core, the siding wire is prevented from slacking by turning the reel reversely when the reel approaches the annular core.

Abstract: A splicing tape for making a running splice is disclosed. A running splice is needed for web-fed type continuous processes involving rolls of material. Materials are typically paper or thermoplastic rolls to be printed or coated. The layered splicing tape includes three central layers or films with a controlled breaking force that allows better control over the force required to separate the central layers and allow a replacement roll to be fed into the web on the tail of the roll that has almost been consumed. Pressure-sensitive or other adhesives adhere the splice to the roll and the cohesive failure of the splice then enables the splice to be made without stopping the process.

Abstract: Poles of this invention have an annular body with a wall structure comprising a number of fiber reinforced resin layers, which can be positioned to form an inside and/or outside portion of the wall structure. A portion of the layers are oriented longitudinally within the wall structure, and the wall structure also includes radially-oriented fiber reinforced resin layers. The pole includes one or more layers or a core of a composite material or polymer mortar disposed within one or more locations of the wall structure, e.g., as an intermediate layer and/or as part of the wall inside and/or outside portion. The pole can include an outside surface resistant to ultra violet radiation. Poles of this invention can be formed using a continuous process on a rotating mandrel, making use of differently positioned stations to form the different portions of the pole as the fabrication is moved axially along the mandrel.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an ink stick for use in a phase change ink jet imaging device comprises heating phase change ink material to an extrusion temperature at which the phase change ink material is in a malleable state. The ink is then extruded through an extrusion orifice to form at least one extruded ink filament having at least one cross-sectional dimension transverse to the extrusion direction that is less than approximately 12 mm. The at least one ink filament is then accumulated.

Abstract: The present invention provides a reaction system for the preparation of a fiber reinforced composite according to the pultrusion process made from continuous fiber reinforcing material and a polyurethane formulation made from a polyisocyanate component containing at least one polyisocyanate and an isocyanate-reactive component containing at least one polymer polyol (“PMPO”). The inventive polyurethane formulations and improved pultrusion processes offer better processing and may yield better reinforced composites.

Abstract: A decorative cover positionable about a flower pot or floral grouping is formed of a polymeric material or a laminated polymeric material. The decorative cover has a texture or appearance simulating the texture or appearance of cloth on at least a portion of one surface thereof while maintaining the structural and mechanical characteristics of the polymeric material from which the decorative cover is formed. In addition to the texture or appearance simulating the texture or appearance of cloth, the decorative cover may further be provided with printed and/or embossed patterns, which may be in or out of register with one another.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for applying indicia to a curved surface, including a compound curved surface having multiple axes of curvature. The curved surface is deformed to eliminate one axis of curvature. The invention is usable with hourglass or barrel shaped surfaces, as occur with containers, and to apply labels and other indicia to these surfaces.

Abstract: A method for making a photographic print having an adhesive is provided. The method includes the steps of (a) providing a roll of dual coated adhesive tape, (b) providing a roll of photographic print having two substantially parallel edges and having opposing first and second surfaces, the first surface containing an image; and (c) laminating the tape and the photographic print. The dual adhesive coated tape includes a differential release liner having opposing first and second surfaces, the first surface having a higher release value than the second surface; a repositionable adhesive disposed on the first side of the liner; a support layer disposed on the repositionable adhesive, the support layer having a stiffness of less than about 50,000 Newton per meter in its cross-web direction, as measured according to ASTM 882-02; and a permanent pressure sensitive adhesive disposed on the support layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for coating a substrate by means of a paint system, said system comprising at least two paint layers, which are applied in succession to the substrate. After said application, a paint enhancer or strengthener is applied to the surface of at least one of the two applied paint layers. The method permits a substrate to be coated in such a way that at least some sections of the paint system (where the paint intensifier has been applied) have an improved mechanical load-bearing capacity, in order to produce e.g. an adhesion point with an improved mechanical stability. The invention also relates to a substrate that is coated with the paint system, to joining methods for a paint system of this type, to joined connections, to the use of bonding mixtures and to multi-ply paint layers comprising areas that have been subsequently cured.

Abstract: An optical switch includes an optical waveguide to route an input optical beam. At least one polarization switch receives the input optical beam from the optical waveguide. At least one birefringent wedge is associated with the at least one polarization switch. The at least one polarization switch and at least one birefringent wedge operate to direct the input optical beam to two or more output locations through control of the polarization switch.

Abstract: A method of making a repositionable adhesive backed photo media is provided. The method includes the steps of (a) providing an imageable substrate or providing a photograph; (b) providing an attachment mechanism having a carrier film with opposing first and second surfaces; a thermally activating adhesive disposed on the first surface; a repositionable adhesive disposed on the second surface; and a liner disposed on the repositionable adhesive; (c) stacking the imageable substrate or stacking the photograph with the attachment mechanism; and (4) exposing the stack to heat causing the thermally activating adhesive to bond to the imageable substrate or the photograph.

Abstract: The present invention is an article of construction formed from an article adhesively-bonded to a layering material through (a) reactive coupling of a functionalized nitroxide or (b) the adhesion of components in a polymer matrix made from or containing a polymer, an organic peroxide, and a functionalized nitroxide. The initial article may be expanded. The initial article may be expanded. It may also be polar or nonpolar. Similarly, the layering material may be polar or nonpolar. Other embodiments of the present invention are described, including other articles and methods for preparing the articles.

Abstract: Embodiments of a method of calculating the equivalent series resistance of a matching network using variable impedance analysis and matching networks analyzed using the same are provided herein. In one embodiment, a method of calculating the equivalent series resistance of a matching network includes the steps of connecting the matching network to a load; measuring an output of the matching network over a range of load impedances; and calculating the equivalent series resistance of the matching network based upon a relationship between the measured output and the load resistance. The load may be a surrogate load or may be a plasma formed in a process chamber.

Abstract: A substrate stage capable of reducing the running cost of a plasma processing apparatus and improving the operation rate of the apparatus. A lower electrode as a substrate stage is disposed in a chamber of the apparatus, and an electrostatic chuck is incorporated in the lower electrode. An oxide film of a IIIA group element of the periodic system, such as for example, a yttria film, having a film thickness falling within the range from 1000 to 2000 ?m, is formed as a sprayed coating on a side wall of the electrostatic chuck.

Abstract: Serial application of adhesive onto members of one or more wood stacks has controllable supply of pressurized adhesive dispensed onto one face of the member from the adhesive supply, and a mechanism operable to advance stacked supply of members to a platform for adhesive application and a conveyor operable to position a next stack, upon exhaustion of a current stack, in a position from which a member can be adhesively coated. The invention also provides a method in order to operate the apparatus.

Abstract: A retractable awning is provided, comprising a support arm forming a longitudinally extending channel, a roller, and a canopy configured to be rolled and unrolled about the roller. A rafter arm is operatively attached to the support arm and is sized to be longitudinally nestable in the channel of the support arm. A self-engaging and self-releasing locking device includes an engagement device configured to selectively engage the support arm to selectively lock a position of a slide member within the longitudinally extending channel. In addition or alternatively, the retractable awning can include a pair of support mechanisms, each support mechanism comprising a support arm, a rafter arm, and a locking device. In addition or alternatively, the retractable awning can include a control link configured to selectively disengage the engagement device from the support arm to release the position of the slide member within the longitudinally extending channel.

Abstract: The invention relates to roller blind slats having a profile which is shaped by flat sheet metal in a rolling step. A single-pieced roller blind body is associated with the roller blind slats, said roller blind body comprising a slot which is maintained on the underside thereof and a hooked strip which is provided on the top edge thereof. The slot part is approximately 20% on the total surface of the roller blind slats.

Abstract: A combination structure of a spring power assembly and a head rail is provided. A revolving shaft of a power spring is made to be perpendicular to a major axis of the head rail, so as to reduce the height of the head rail. The head rail has a first gripping part and the spring power assembly has a second gripping part corresponding to the first gripping part and a bayonet pin, which prevents the spring power assembly from being placed into the head rail along a wrong direction and/or prevents the spring power assembly from rotating along a wrong direction, so as to avoid damages to the spring power assembly caused by errors in the assembling process.

Abstract: A blind bottom rail having a labor-saving function comprises a first rail, a second rail and several force-bearing devices with a pulley. Two sides of the first and second rails correspond to each other to let the first rail be fixed in the second rail. Two supporting portions are disposed in the first rail to form a receiving groove. Several through holes are formed at the bottom of the receiving groove. The force-bearing devices respectively correspond to the through holes and are fixed in the receiving groove through the supporting portions. The blind bottom rail can facilitate assembly and give a labor-saving function to the blind.

Abstract: A panel for connection with other panels, comprising a rectilinear base member having outer edges, a first rectilinear side member extending from one edge of the base member, the first side member having a first lip extending from an outward edge of the first side member and away from the base member, the first side member further having a second lip extending from an outward edge of the first lip and toward the base member and at an angle between about zero and 90 degrees with respect to the first lip, and a second rectilinear side member extending in substantially the same direction as the first side member, from an opposite edge of the base member, the second side member having a third lip extending toward the base member. Related structural members, enclosures, posts, spray booths and methods for assembling the same which include similar features are provided.