Abstract: An electrical machine, in particular a rotary current generator for motor vehicles, is proposed which has a housing (13) in which a stator (16) is retained, such that a coolant can flow around the outside of the stator (16) from one of its axial face ends (57) to a circumferential region of the stator (16), defining a flow cross section of the flow course through the stator (16) and the housing (13). The flow course is defined toward the stator by outer stator teeth (62) located on the outer circumference of the stator (16).

Abstract: An electric fan includes a fan base (10), a bearing (40) and a rotor assembly (20). The fan base forms a central tube (11) receiving the bearing therein. The rotor assembly includes a fan hub (22), and a pivot axle (23) joined to the fan hub. The pivot axle pivotably extends into the bearing. A first and second locking rings (50, 70) are received in the central tube. Each of the first and second locking rings defines a central bore (52) therein. The pivot axle is engaged in the central bores of the first and second locking rings. The first locking ring is located at a top of the bearing and the second locking ring is located at a bottom of the bearing to prevent the rotor assembly from escaping from the bearing when the fan is operated.

Abstract: In a motor, an sensor magnet is attached to a shaft and three Hall sensors for detecting the position of the sensor magnet are mounted on a circuit board. By using neodymium-iron-boron base rare earth magnet having radial anisotropy as a sensor magnet, the detection accuracy for the position of a field magnet via the sensor magnet by the Hall sensor can be improved.

Abstract: A universal motor comprises a stator interposed between a housing and a novel plastic bracket. The plastic bracket is a unitary piece that not only defines a plurality of terminal receptacles but also supports the motor's outboard bearing. In some embodiments, the plastic bracket also includes an integral post for supporting a spring that urges a carbon brush against the motor's commutator.

Abstract: In order to improve the reliability of an electrical connection between a power supply terminal of a vibrator and an electrode of a circuit board and to improve the efficiency of mounting the vibrator on the circuit board, the power supply terminal is made from a torsion coil spring and a contact portion of the power supply terminal in contact with the electrode of the circuit board is formed by winding. In addition, a torsion coil spring portion is wound around a spindle pin and a housing is provided with a step portion as a space for accommodating the contact portion without interference and a plane portion to which the contact portion faces.

Abstract: A fluid dynamic bearing motor features a stationary assembly, a rotating assembly supported on the stationary assembly, a fluid dynamic bearing system in a gap between the stationary and rotating assemblies, a radial capillary seal defined proximate a first end of the journal gap, and at least one re-circulation hole extending from the radial capillary seal to a second end of the journal gap. A single thrust shaft end bearing which pressurizes the shaft end to create an axial thrust bearing and drive bubbles in the fluid (where the fluid is a liquid) to the outer diameter of the shaft and into the recirculation path. The journal may be supported for rotation by dual sets of grooves; the dual groove asymmetry in the journal maintains a positive pressure between the journals.

Abstract: The vibration and noise excited by the electromagnetic exciting force in the radial direction of an electric motor are suppressed. In an electric motor 100, a rotor 1 is divided into four rotor pieces 3, 4, 5, and 6 for an axial length of 2L of one group of the rotor core, and for example, the four rotor pieces 3, 4, 5, and 6 are ideally 0.29L, 0.71L, 0.71L, and 0.29L in axial length in the axial direction, and permanent magnets 2 of the rotor pieces 3, 4, 5, and 6 are arranged in the circumferential direction so that the phase differences of the electrical angle are 0, ?, 0, and ?. Further, when an effect is obtained even if the ideal axial length is changed, the tolerance of the aforementioned axial length is ±0.1L.

Abstract: A method and apparatus in which a rotor (11) and a stator (17) define a radial air gap (20) for receiving AC flux and at least one DC excitation coil (23, 24) positioned near the stator end turn to produce DC flux in axial air gaps (21, 22) additive to the AC flux. Side magnets (16) and flux-guiding magnets (14) are provided as boundaries separating the side poles (12a, 12b) of opposite polarity from other portions of the rotor (11) and from each other to define PM poles (12a, 12b) for conveying the DC flux to or from the primary air gap (20) and for inhibiting flux from leaking from said pole portions prior to reaching the primary air gap (20). Side magnets (16), side poles (12a and 12b), flux-guiding magnets (14), ferromagnetic end plates (11c), non-magnetic end plates (12c), and ring bands (37) are optionally provided for performance improvement.

Abstract: Electric motor systems are provided for use in vehicles. In an embodiment, by way of example only, the system includes a first inverter, a second inverter, and a motor electrically coupled to the first and the second inverters. The motor includes a stator including a plurality of slots formed therein and a plurality of windings. The plurality of windings is disposed at least partially in the slots, and each winding includes a first coil and a second coil. The first coil has a first number of turns, and the second coil has a second number of turns that is unequal to the first number of turns. The first coil of each winding is electrically coupled to the first inverter, and the second coil of each winding is electrically coupled to the second inverter.

Abstract: A method for selectively operating an electric motor in one of a first pole configuration and a second pole configuration is provided. The first pole configuration has a first phase winding structure, a second phase winding structure and a third phase winding structure. The method includes energizing each of the first phase winding structure, the second phase winding structure and the third phase winding structure to operate the electric motor in the first pole configuration. The first phase winding structure is reconfigured to form a first phase, a second phase and a third phase of the second pole configuration. The first phase winding structure is energized and each of the second phase winding structure and the third phase winding structure is de-energized to operate the electric motor in the second pole configuration.

Abstract: An electric motor includes carbon brushes (5) disposed in a holder (6) that are pressed by means of a spring force (7) in a radial direction against a jacket face of a cylindrical collector (4) that is fixed to an armature shaft (2) of the motor. The holder (6) for the carbon brushes (5) can be removed from the motor with little effort as a result of a provision of covering means (11, 12) that cover a pivot bearing (3) of the armature shaft (2) to protect it against the entry of dirt on a side of the covering means (11, 12) facing the holder (6) for the carbon brushes (5), provided with one or more chamfers (14, 15) in such a way that the carbon brushes (5) slide over the covering means (11, 12) as the holder (6) is being pulled off and that the carbon brushes (5) thereby are thrust radially outward counter to the spring force (7).

Abstract: A rotor, vibration motor having the same, and fabrication method thereof are disclosed. A rotor according to an embodiment of the invention comprises a first layer on which are formed a plurality of commutators, a second to an n-th layer—wherein n is 4 or greater—on which are formed a plurality of patterned coils that are connected with the commutators, insulation layers interposed in-between the first to the n-th layers; blind via holes which connect the commutators of the first layer with the patterned coils formed on the second layer and which connect the patterned coils formed on the (n?1)-th layer with the patterned coils formed on the n-th layer, and a plurality of through holes which connect the patterned coils formed on the second to the (n?1)-th layers, where the patterned coils located on the second to the (n?1)-th layers are connected by means of different through holes.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide NEMS that utilize electrostatic and electromagnetic forces to operate. In one nanoelectrostatic embodiment, a nanometer-scale beam is suspended in an electric field. Electrically charged rails are placed around the beam. When a beam contacts a rail, the beam is forced to move through the electric field in a particular direction. In one nanoelectromagnetic embodiment, a nanometer-scale beam is suspended in a magnetic field. A rail is located in the vicinity of the beam and opposite charges are applied to the rail and beam. In this manner, a current may flow between the beam and rail when the beam and rail contact each other. This current may interact with the magnetic field to move the beam in a particular direction.

Abstract: A composite for a transducer facilitates an increased actuation force as compared to similar prior art composites for transducers. In accordance with the present invention, the composite also facilitates increased compliance of the transducer in one direction and an improved reaction time as compared to similar prior art composites for transducers, as well as provides an increased lifetime of the transducer in which it is applied.

Abstract: A starting-process controller for starting a piezomotor, having a voltage-controlled oscillator, a power output stage, and a resonant converter. The oscillator generates the control signals required for the power output stage and the resonance converter converts the stepped output voltage from the power output stage into a sinusoidal voltage at the output. The resonance converter drives the piezomotor with the voltage. The motor current that flows when the piezomotor is driven is measured and compared with the phase of the drive voltage in a phase comparator. The comparison output signal is a measure of the phase difference at the time between current and voltage. A phase-locked loop filter smoothes the phase-difference signal for controling the oscillator. The controller includes a start-assisting circuit element that fixes the output voltage from the phase-locked loop filter at start-up and thus applies a constant voltage to the input of the voltage-controlled oscillator.

Abstract: A vibration wave driven apparatus which makes it possible to secure a required component accuracy obtained by machining and can increase a power ratio to the size of the apparatus. A plurality of contact parts are formed on one surface of an elastic vibration plate of a vibrator, and are disposed in contact with a friction member of a slider. A piezoelectric element plate is joined to the other surface of the vibration plate. Thinner parts as recessed parts are formed in the vibration plate at locations other than the contact parts, whereby the vibration plate is disposed in contact with the friction member of the slider at the contact parts.

Abstract: In an actuator 11, which includes a driver 10 including: a substrate 1 having a predetermined width and a predetermined length when viewed from the direction of thickness of the substrate; a reinforcing member 2 provided on one of the thickness-wise faces of the substrate 1; and displacement means (a piezoelectric element 3), provided on the other thickness-wise face of the substrate 1, for displacing, with respect to one of the lengthwise ends of the substrate, the other lengthwise end in the direction of width of the substrate, the reinforcing member 2 is configured so that the flexural rigidity thereof in the substrate's width direction is lower than that in the substrate's thickness direction.

Abstract: A system for megasonic processing of an article. In one aspect, the system for megasonic processing comprises a rotary support for supporting an article, a dispenser for applying a fluid to a surface of an article positioned on the rotary support; and a transducer assembly. The transducer assembly comprises (i) a transmitter positioned adjacent to the article on the rotary support so that when the fluid is applied to the surface of the article via the dispenser, a meniscus of the fluid is formed between a portion of the transmitter and the surface of the article and (ii) not more than one transducer coupled to the transmitter, the transducer adapted to oscillate at a frequency for propagating megasonic energy through the transmitter and into the meniscus of the fluid.

Abstract: An actuator, comprising at least one beam capable of generating flexural oscillations, at least one pair of electric supply terminals (23, 24) which supply oscillation-inducing electric power to the beam(s), and a holding mechanism which holds the beam(s), the holding mechanism including at least one holding member (12) to hold one portion of the beam(s) and a case (13) jointed to the holding member and configured to contain the beam(s) therein.

Abstract: A multi-dimensional transducer array is provided. The multi-dimensional transducer array includes a plurality of elements. First and second kerfs acoustically separate the elements. A first width of the first kerf is larger than a second width of the second kerf.

Abstract: [Problem to be Solved] A piezoelectric device is provided in which, when the piezoelectric device is miniaturized, drive level characteristics are favorable, stress does not remain in a bonding portion of a housing body, and a factor causing deterioration of characteristics does not remain. [Solution] A piezoelectric device includes a base substrate 54, a resonator element 55 with a frame, and a lid 56 layered over and fixed to the resonator element with a frame, in which the base substrate, the resonator element with a frame, and the lid are all formed from a same material. The resonator element 55 with a frame includes a resonator element main body 32 and a frame section 53. Each bonding surface bonding the base substrate, the resonator element with a frame, and the lid is bonded by surface activation bonding and hermetically sealed. An electrode for driving of the resonator element main body 32 is routed to the frame section as an extraction electrode.

Abstract: An inexpensive piezoelectric single-crystal device being excellent in the piezoelectric characteristics and having a complex perovskite structure can be provided by adding a specific additive to a lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMN-PT) single crystal or a lead zinc niobate-lead titanate (PZN-PT or PZNT) single crystal. Specifically, the piezoelectric single crystal has a complex perovskite structure and is formed of a composition containing 35 to 98 mol % lead magnesium niobate [Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3] or lead zinc niobate [Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3], 0.1 to 64.9 mol % lead titanate [PbTiO3], and 0.05 to 30 mol % lead indium niobate [Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3] wherein calcium is substituted for 0.05 to 10 mol % lead in the composition.

Abstract: A piezoelectric thin-film element formed with a niobate lithium potassium sodium thin-film having a well-developed Perovskite structure and having an excellent piezoelectric characteristic. The piezoelectric thin-film 4 is a dielectric thin-film composed of a alkaline-niobic oxide represented by (Nax1Ky1Liz1) NbO3 (0<x1<1, 0<y1<1, 0?z1<1, x1+y1+z1=1) and having a Perovskite structure, and the base dielectric thin film 6 composed of a alkaline-niobic oxide represented by (Nax2Ky2Liz2) NbO3 (0<x2<1, 0<y2<1, 0?z2<1, x2+y2+z2=1) and having a Perovskite structure is provided between the lower electrode 3 and the piezoelectric thin-film 4.

Abstract: By applying a laser beam that is absorbed into a quartz crystal to an upper right end of a crystal chip, the height of the crystal chip is altered step by step to form a first step, a second step, a third step, and a fourth step, respectively. As such, control of the shape of a quartz crystal resonator is easy even if the quartz crystal resonator is miniaturized, the shape and the performance of a processed quartz crystal resonator are satisfactory, quartz crystal resonators of various shapes can be formed, a quartz crystal resonator can be formed at low cost with a small number of man-hours, a load in driving a quartz crystal resonator is small, and versatile equipment and tools can be used.

Abstract: A multilayer piezoelectric element has a laminate body in which a plurality of piezoelectric bodies and a plurality of internal electrodes are alternately laminated and sintered. The plurality of internal electrodes comprise a first electrode and a second electrode. The laminate body is provided with a metal oxide layer formed of a material with a melting point higher than a sintering temperature of the piezoelectric bodies. The laminate body has an active portion in which the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged to overlap in a laminate direction of the laminate body, and inactive portions in which the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged not to overlap in the laminate direction of the laminate body. The inactive portions are provided on both sides of the active portion.

Abstract: The tuning fork piezoelectric resonator (1) according to the invention comprises a base part (4) from which protrudes first and second parallel vibrating arms (2, 3) carrying a set of excitation electrodes (5, 6) to make them vibrate, the set of excitation electrodes being formed by conductive deposits and comprising central electrodes (6a, 6b) on opposite main surfaces (9a, 9b) and lateral electrodes (5a, 5b) covering lateral surfaces (10a, 10b) of each vibrating arm, the central electrodes of the first arm and the lateral electrodes of the second arm being connected to a first pole of an excitation source and the lateral electrodes of the first arm and the central electrodes of the second arm being connected to a second pole of the excitation source, wherein on each vibrating arm, the conductive deposits forming the central electrodes and lateral electrodes are made for the ones with an oxidizable metal and for the others with an unoxidizable metal or conversely.

Abstract: A plasma display apparatus having shortened production time is composed of: a plasma display panel; a chassis base having a front part on which the plasma display panel is installed, and having a back part on which circuit boards including circuits for driving the plasma display panel are installed; and at least one thermal conductive sheet positioned between the plasma display panel and the chassis base, and having an interior on which a cut away portion is formed.

Abstract: A compact PAR lamp (10) has a hollow body (12) arrayed along a longitudinal axis (14) and has an open end (16) and a substantially closed neck end (18) and containing a light source capsule (20) within the hollow body (12) and coaxial with the longitudinal axis (14). The light source capsule (20) has electrical lead-ins (22, 24) that extend therefrom and exit via the neck end (18). A first parabolic reflector (26) is formed within the body (12) and has a wide portion (28) adjacent the open end (16) and a narrow portion (30) spaced therefrom along the longitudinal axis (14). A second reflector (32) is formed within the body (12) and extends from the narrow portion (30) into the neck end (18). A lens (34) closes the open (16), and a base (36) is attached to the closed neck end (18).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for the generation of a plasma through electric discharge in a discharge space which contains at least two electrodes, at least one of which is constructed from a matrix material or carrier material, such that an erosion-susceptible region with an evaporation spot is formed at least by the current flow. To present a method or a device for the generation of a plasma by electric discharge, it is suggested that a sacrificial substrate (38) is provided at least at the evaporation spot, the boiling point of said sacrificial suvstrate (38) during discharge operation lying below the melting point of the carrier material (30), such that charge carriers arising in the current flow are mainly generated from the sacrificial substrate (38).

Abstract: In an electron tube including vibration absorbers for linear members such as filaments, a vibration absorbing means that is made of a vibration absorber with a large vibration absorption effect, has a simple configuration, and is attachable easily to filaments is provided. The vibration absorbing means is formed of a holder 231, a vibration absorber 241, and a getter shielding member 251. These three members are attached to a shielding electrode S overlying the front substrate 111 to dispose the vibration absorber 241 between the holder 231 and getter shielding member 251. The vibration absorber 241 is mounted to slide or rotate between the holder 231 and the getter shielding member 251. The vibration absorber 241 has an aperture 2413 in which the filament is engaged. The bottom (apex) of the aperture 2413 is formed eccentrically. The vibration absorber 241 is in line contact with the shielding electrode S, as shown in FIG. 3(c).

Abstract: Each pixel of a field emission device includes a resistor with at least one emitter tip thereover and at least one substantially vertically oriented conductive element positioned adjacent the resistor. In a field emission array, a conductive element may contact each resistor of a line of pixels. A method for fabricating the field emission array includes forming a plurality of substantially parallel conductive lines, depositing at least one layer of semiconductive or conductive material over and laterally adjacent each conductive line, and forming a hard mask in recesses of the surface of the uppermost material layer. The underlying material layer or layers are patterned through the hard mask, exposing substantially longitudinal center portions of the conductive lines. The remaining semiconductive or conductive material is patterned to form the emitter tips and resistors. At least the substantially central longitudinal portions of the conductive traces are removed to form the conductive elements.

Abstract: An electron emission device includes first and second substrates facing each other, an electron emission structure formed on the first substrate, and a light emission structure formed on the second substrate. The light emission structure has phosphor layers and an anode electrode formed on a surface of the phosphor layers. An adhesive film is formed at the peripheries of the first and the second substrates to attach the first and the second substrates to each other. At least one lead portion crosses the adhesive film on the second substrate, and is connected to the anode electrode. The lead portion is partitioned into a plurality of lead lines at the crossed region thereof with the adhesive film, and the plurality of lead lines are spaced from each other.

Abstract: A flat panel display device includes a first substrate; an electron emission region formed on the first substrate; a second substrate located at a predetermined distance facing the first substrate and forming a vacuum vessel with the first substrate; and a light emitting region which emits light derived by electrons emitted from the electron emission source. The light emitting region includes an anode in a predetermined pattern that formed on the second substrate and a phosphor screen layered on the anode. A proportion, k between a screen weight of the phosphor screen and an average diameter of phosphor particles on the phosphor screen satisfies: k=S/(D·n) where, k ranges from 0.16 to 0.23, S is the screen weight (mg/cm2), D is the average diameter of the phosphor particles, and n is the number of accumulation layers of the phosphor powder particles on the phosphor screen.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a plurality of interdigitated pixels arranged in an array, having a very low series-resistances with improved current spreading and improved heat-sinking. Each pixel is a square with sides of dimension l. The series resistance is minimized by increasing the perimeter of an active region for the pixels. The series resistance is also minimized by shrinking the space between a mesa and n-contact for each pixel.

Abstract: A staggered light unit has a top-bottom electrode lead. The light unit is insertable into a substrate having a metal/insulation/metal sandwich structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an organic electroluminescent device including scan lines formed in parallel with ITO films between the ITO films. The organic electroluminescent device includes ITO films, scan lines, an insulating layer, organic layers, and metal layers. The ITO films are formed on a substrate. The scan lines each are formed between the ITO films on the substrate. The insulating layer is formed on other areas than luminescent areas of the ITO films and connection areas of the scan lines. The organic layers are formed on the luminescent areas. The metal line layers are formed on the organic layers and the connection area, wherein the metal line layers cross over the ITO films. In the organic electroluminescent device, the scan lines are formed between ITO films. Therefore, the brightness of the organic electroluminescent device can be enhanced, or the size of the organic electroluminescent device can be reduced.

Abstract: An active matrix electroluminescence device and a method for fabricating the same for enhancing electrical characteristics of a wire are disclosed. The method includes forming a wire on a non-emissive area of a substrate, and forming transistors on an emissive area of the substrate, forming an insulating layer on the substrate, the wire, and the transistors, and selectively removing the insulating layer, so as to expose the wire, forming a first electrode on the insulating layer in the emissive area, forming an electroluminous layer on the first electrode, and forming a second electrode on the electroluminous layer and the wire.

Abstract: A plasma display panel includes first and second substrates opposing one another. Address electrodes are formed on the first substrate in a first direction. Barrier ribs are mounted between the first and second substrates defining non-discharge regions and discharge cells, and phosphor layers are formed within the discharge cells. Discharge sustain electrodes are formed on the second substrate in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction. The non-discharge regions are formed in areas encompassed by discharge cell abscissas and ordinates that pass through centers of adjacent discharge cells. The discharge sustain electrodes include bus electrodes that extend such that a pair of the bus electrodes is provided for each of the discharge cells, and protrusion electrodes formed extending from each of the bus electrodes such that a pair of opposing protrusion electrodes is formed in each discharge cell.

Abstract: A plasma display panel capable of being fast driven with low voltage by reducing a distance between an address electrode and a Y electrode. The plasma display panel includes a pair of substrates, discharge electrodes, and an address electrode. The substrates are arranged at a predetermined interval to face each other and form a plurality of discharge spaces between facing surfaces of the substrates. The discharge electrodes are arranged at predetermined intervals between the substrates. The address electrode is arranged a predetermined distance apart from the discharge electrodes in a direction where the substrates are arranged, and defines each of the discharge spaces in cooperation with the discharge electrodes.

Abstract: An exemplary plasma display panel according to one embodiment includes a first substrate and a second substrate, a barrier rib, address electrodes, a phosphor layer, display electrodes, and a first dielectric layer. The first and second substrates are disposed facing each other. The barrier rib is disposed between the first and second substrates and forms discharge cells. The address electrode is formed in one direction on the first substrate corresponding to the discharge cells. The phosphor layer is formed in each discharge cell. A display electrode is formed in a direction that crosses the address electrode on the second substrate. A first dielectric layer covers the address electrode. The first dielectric layer is formed, in the direction of the length of the address electrode, up to at least one of the edges of the first substrate.

Abstract: A Plasma Display Panel (PDP) includes a plurality of substrates, dielectric walls, X-electrodes, Y-electrodes, and red, green, and blue phosphor layers. The substrates include front and rear substrates disposed opposite each other. The dielectric walls are disposed between the front and rear substrates to define discharge cells along with the substrates. Each of the X-electrodes includes first and second X-electrodes, separately disposed along a circumference of the discharge cell, and buried in the dielectric wall. Each of the Y-electrodes includes first and second Y-electrodes, separately disposed along the circumference of the discharge cell, and buried in the dielectric wall. Red, green, and blue phosphor layers are coated in the discharge cells. At least one of the X- and Y-electrodes, which starts a main discharge, has a different area from the other electrodes.

Abstract: A discharge lamp of the short arc type which has an arc tube in which there is a pair of opposed electrodes, a pair of hermetically sealing parts which extend outward from opposite ends of the arc tube, and a trigger wire, each end of which is wound around one of the hermetically sealing parts, with a middle area of the trigger wire running along the outside surface of the arc tube. In the area of at least one of the ends of the trigger wire, a bend is formed which comes to rest on one of the hermetically sealing parts, and following this bend, a fold is formed at the outer end area of the end of the trigger wire.

Abstract: The invention relates to electric lamps and more particularly to automotive signal lamps. A glass composition is described for use in electric lamps, which glass is red colored. The glass composition comprises copper between 0.1 and 2% by weight, tin between 0.1 and 2% by weight, barium between 7 and 11% by weight, and strontium between 1 and 5% by weight.

Abstract: A plasma lamp including a waveguide body including at least one dielectric material with a dielectric constant greater than approximately 2. The body is coupled to a microwave source which causes the body to resonate in at least one resonant mode. At least one lamp chamber integrated with the body contains a bulb with a fill forming a light-emitting plasma when the chamber receives power from the resonating body. A bulb either is self-enclosed or an envelope sealed by a window or lens covering the chamber aperture. Embodiments disclosed include lamps having a drive probe and a feedback probe, and lamps having a drive probe, feedback probe and start probe, which minimize power reflected from the body back to the source both before each plasma is formed and after it reaches steady state.

Abstract: Disclosed is a low cost LED string circuit design that uses an inexpensive half-wave rectification and low-pass filter circuit that is designed to produce minimal flicker in the LED string that is connected to the circuit. The components of the half-wave rectification and low-pass filter circuit are selected in accordance with design principles that prevent glittering and flickering of the LED string. The circuit components of the half-wave rectification and low-pass filter circuit can be embedded in an outlet plug or as a separate independent unit between an AC power plug and the LED string.

Abstract: A backlight driving and control circuit with an isolated power factor correction structure includes a power stage for providing a power supply; a driver stage having a first power factor correction unit for correcting the power factor of the power supply and outputting DC power; an inverter for converting a middle-voltage DC power into a high-voltage power output and driving the operation of a backlight light emitting component; and a control/dimming stage having a second power factor correction unit, a DC transformer unit, and an AD board installed at a secondary winding of the DC transformer unit and grounded jointly with the inverter. With the invention, the power factor correction unit can be electrically isolated from the power stage, and the AD board can directly control/dim the inverter of the driver stage to change the operating status of the backlight light emitting component.

Abstract: A circuit for a discharge lamp includes a first sub-circuit for connecting to mains voltage of a predetermined frequency for rectifying the mains voltage; and a second sub-circuit connected to the first sub-circuit for providing an alternating current, such as a square-wave current, required for the lamp. A control circuit is connected to the first and the second sub-circuit. The control circuit controls the frequency of the alternating current subject to a varying component of the mains voltage rectified by the first sub-circuit.

Abstract: An LED lighting device can compensate a brightness change and a color change caused by a temperature change and exhibit an in-plane uniform luminance and color. A lighting device includes: at least one line connected in parallel, a constant voltage source for applying a constant voltage to the line, an ON/OFF controller, and a current detector for measuring a value of current flowing in the line. The line is formed by one or more light-emitting diodes and a switch for turning ON/OFF the current flowing in the light emitting diodes connected in series. According to the current value of each of the lines measured by the current detector, the ON/OFF controller controls the ON/OFF period of the switch of each of the lines.

Abstract: An exemplary LED control circuit includes an observation circuit to detect brightness of ambient light and generating a voltage signal accordingly; a sampling circuit to receive the voltage signal and generate a control signal according to the voltage signal; a controller to generate a selection signal according to the control signal received from the sampling circuit; and a regulating circuit connected to an LED driving circuit for adjusting a current of the LED driving circuit according to the selection signal.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a light module, which allows the individual lamp unit to be replaced with a new one and the luminance of the newly-replaced lamp unit can be automatically or manually adjusted to get a uniform luminance. Wherein, information of a first relation table of a lamp luminance versus a using time and a second relation table of the lamp luminance versus an operation current-power is used to determine the current power. In addition, a clocking unit is used to count a total using time for the light module. Then, a desired lamp luminance according to the first relation table can be determined, and then the current power is determined according to the second relation table.