Abstract: A single arm row cleaner unit mountable to a grain drill opener arm includes a row cleaner arm and a mounting saddle. The mounting saddle is generally configured for attachment to a main arm of a furrow forming assembly. A row cleaner arm may be pivotally attached to the mounting saddle about a mandrel, and a row cleaner wheel may be pivotally mounted to the row cleaner arm. A biasing member may be positioned adjacent the mandrel to engage the row cleaner arm and a biasing member retainer, which may be affixed to the mounting saddle. A deflector may be positioned adjacent the row cleaner wheel and biased there against. A connector and lever arm may be used to communicate forces from a closing wheel arm to the row cleaner wheel for adequate clearance of the row cleaner wheel during transport of the grain drill.

Abstract: Sewing machine (10) comprising a base (12) with a crochet and a head (14) that comprises a needle support (30), a fabric pressure foot (24) and its adjusting means (26), motor means (28) to make a needle sew together with the crochet, and lever means (32) to turn the rotary motion of the driving means into a vertical reciprocating motion. The needle support (30) in turn comprises at least two needle bars (46, 48) that are moved vertically by said lever means (32), and a connecting element (50) to couple the lever means (32) with at lead a needle bar (46, 48). Each needle bar (46, 48) is coupled with a needle (16, 18) through a respective thread and actuated selectively in the crochet in order to allow the sewing.

Abstract: A knee lever a lever including a lever detachably attached to an attachment provided on a bed of a sewing machine; a knee rest mounted on the lever and operated by knee contact, with the lever being attached to the attachment; an adjustment mechanism allowing adjustment in position of knee contact of the knee rest; wherein the adjustment mechanism includes an engagement portion provided at the lever, and an engagement subject provided at the knee rest and being disengagably engaged with the engagement portion to switch a mounting position of the knee rest relative to the lever.

Abstract: Boats and suspensions are provided, wherein the boat includes at least one hull, and at least one sponson, the at least one hull and at least one sponson connected by a shock-absorbing suspension member. The suspension greatly reduces the accelerations of the main hull, such that the hull accelerations are generally substantially less than the accelerations of the sponsons at selected speeds.

Abstract: An improved displacement hull form for ships and boats, in one of many possible embodiments includes a transom stern hull form (100F) having a hull underside (120A) that is substantially horizontal in transverse orientation along the aft-most portion of said hull form (100F), a pair of endplates (300D) having a substantially vertical orientation along the aft half of said hull form (100F) waterline length, a pair of cambered rudders (502J) located near the stern of said hull form (100F) with said cambered rudders (502J) having pressure faces oriented towards said hull form longitudinal centerplane (110A), and stern buttock-line shaping defined by a supercavitating hydrofoil (700M) shape. The hydrodynamics of said hull form (100F) are improved in terms of reduced resistance, reduced trim and draft aft, and reduced ship wave train. Other embodiments are described and shown.

Abstract: Sail membrane made of a woven fabric of synthetic fibers, with said fabric having a microroughness in the form of groove families crossing one another arranged so as to achieve a density of 5 to 25 grooves/mm deposited on or integrated into said fabric structure.

Abstract: A method of controlling target aquatic microorganism pest populations by exposing the target population to an effective amount of an aquacidal compound. The aquacidal compounds are selected from the group consisting of quinones, anthraquinones, naphthalenediones, quinine, warfarin, coumarins, amphotalide, cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione, phenidione, pirdone, sodium rhodizonate, apirulosin and thymoquinone. The method is particularly effective for treating ballast water of ships or other enclosed volumes of water subject to transport between or among geographic areas to control the relocation of plants, toxic bacteria, and animals contained in the water.

Abstract: A steering shaft is rotatably supported on a body by a housing, and a slide portion having a handlebar attachment portion at the top is attached to the steering shaft. The rotational movement of a handlebar around the central axis of the steering shaft is regulated by a rotation regulating mechanism, while the axial translation of the handlebar is allowed. The steering shaft is provided with a plurality of grooves. A lock mechanism provided in the slide portion inserts a locking bar into any one of the grooves to regulate the axial translation of the slide portion. Owing to the shape of a link portion and a cam groove constituting the lock mechanism, the locking bar is not pulled, out of the groove by operations other than a release operation using a release lever.

Abstract: Presented is an advance naval ship's stern appendage called an LCAC (Landing Craft Air Cushion) Lander, Launcher and Lifter (L4 system) to provide for landing and launching of amphibious hovercraft and increase the delivery capacity of amphibious hovercraft by naval vessels. The stem appendage which may be retrofitted on existing vessels or fully designed into new hull forms of new ships. Included in the stem appendage are longitudinally extending cantilever wingwalls, at least one hoistable platform with a backstop fold up gate, a med-moor ramp, drainage ducts, a resistance reduction leading edge, locking pins and a transfer conveyor system for amphibious hovercraft to gain access to and from the ship's decks above the waterline, and a hoisting system for raising and lowering the hoistable platform between said cantilever wingwalls.

Abstract: A marine structure comprises a supporting member adapted to be located at least partially immersed in water. The supporting member comprises a wall at least partially delimiting the supporting member such that an inner side of the wall at least partially delimits an inner hollow volume of the supporting member and an outer side of the wall is adapted to be in contact with the ambient environment of the supporting member. The supporting member further comprises a stiffening web frame attached to the wall in order to modify the structural capacity of the supporting member, which stiffening web frame comprises a rib and a flang.

Abstract: An airfoil shape exhibiting low drag and a high lift/drag ratio has a low thickness/chord ratio and a low camber/chord ratio. The airfoil shape provides desirable results when used in barge skeg assemblies and in propeller shrouds for tugs used to tow ocean going barges.

Abstract: The device comprises a plurality of deflector members (1) having a submerged lower face (2), called first face, generally fitting into the extension of the hull bottom (FC) of the ship, toward the rear thereof, while forming an angle (?) in relation to a general plane (?) tangent to this bottom (FC), characterized by the fact that these deflector members (1) are articulated to the hull and are juxtaposed side by side, over all, or practically all, the width of the stern, control means (4) making it possible to cause it to pivot in one direction or the other in order to vary said angle (?), these means being housed in part in a protective case.

Abstract: A waterborne munitions system is disclosed. The system includes a submersible munitions platform and a remote control module. The munitions platform has a plurality of canistered munitions, either waterborne, airborne, or both, which can be remotely launched via the remote control module.

Abstract: The invention relates to a display instrument (1), in particular, for a motor vehicle, comprising a housing (2) retaining a cover disc (3) and a connector element (10), connecting the housing (2) and the cover disc (3) which engages in a housing recess (11), arranged on the housing (2). The invention further relates to a method for production of a display instrument (1) and a method for disassembly of a display instrument (1). According to the invention, a secure connection of housing (2) and cover disc (3) for the display instrument (1) may be achieved, whereby the connector element (10) is arranged in the housing recess (11) and a disc recess (12), corresponding to the housing recess (11) on the cover disc (3), under tension. In the method for production of the display instrument (1), the connector element (10) is introduced under tension into the housing recess (11) and the disc recess (12) such as to connect the housing (2) and the cover disc (3) together.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing a vitreous silica crucible having excellent shape formability and fewer internal bubbles without excessively heating the curved portion and the bottom part. The method comprises arc melting a quartz powder molded product loaded in a rotating mold while performing vacuum suction, wherein the electrode is moved sideways with respect to the mold center line upon the initiation of arc melting or during the arc melting, and the arc melting is performed at an eccentric position, and preferably the time for total heating is limited to 60% or less of the total arc melting time. A vitreous silica crucible produced by this method is also provided.

Abstract: A p-type semiconductor zinc oxide (ZnO) film and a process for preparing the film are disclosed. The film is co-doped with phosphorous (P) and lithium (Li). A pulsed laser deposition scheme is described for use in growing the film. Further described is a process of pulsed laser deposition using transparent substrates which includes a pulsed laser source, a substrate that is transparent at the wavelength of the pulsed laser, and a multi-target system. The optical path of the pulsed laser is arranged in such a way that the pulsed laser is incident from the back of the substrate, passes through the substrate, and then focuses on the target. By translating the substrate towards the target, this geometric arrangement enables deposition of small features utilizing the root of the ablation plume, which can exist in a one-dimensional transition stage along the target surface normal, before the angular width of the plume is broadened by three-dimensional adiabatic expansion.

Abstract: A liquid crystal drop apparatus for dropping liquid crystal on a substrate includes a liquid crystal container filled with liquid crystal, a nozzle formed at an lower end of the liquid crystal container for dropping the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal container, and a control unit for controlling the nozzle when the nozzle drops the liquid crystal.

Abstract: A method and masking assembly for masking a dovetail portion of a turbine blade during coating of an airfoil portion of the blade. The masking assembly comprises at least two masking members, each having an exterior surface and an oppositely-disposed undulatory surface complementary to one of oppositely-disposed undulatory surfaces of the dovetail portion. By mating the masking members, the undulatory surfaces thereof define an interior cavity within the masking assembly that accommodates the dovetail portion, and the undulatory surfaces of the masking members contact the undulatory surfaces of the dovetail portion to entrap the dovetail portion within the interior cavity of the masking assembly.

Abstract: Provided is a deposition apparatus for organic EL capable of allowing vapor of a film forming material to be vapor deposited on a target object to be uniformly heated. A deposition apparatus, which performs a film forming process by vapor depositing a film forming material on a target object in a depressurized processing chamber, includes an evaporating head having a vapor discharge opening, disposed in the processing chamber, for discharging vapor of the film forming material. Inside the evaporating head, provided is a heater receiving member which is sealed with respect to an inside of the processing chamber, and installed is a communication path which allows the heater receiving member to communicate with an outside of the processing chamber. A power supply line for a heater received in the heater receiving member is disposed in the communication path and extended to the outside of the processing chamber.

Abstract: A wafer-positioning mechanism includes a susceptor having an upper surface for supporting a wafer thereon, which is slanted with respect to a horizontal plane at an angle such that the wafer on the upper surface slides with an aid and does not slide without the aid. The aid is a gas flowing out of the upper surface against the reverse side of the wafer facing the upper surface. The upper surface has a protrusion for stopping the wafer from sliding beyond the protrusion in the sliding direction by contacting an edge of the wafer where the wafer is positioned on the upper surface for wafer processing.

Abstract: A retrieval device for retrieving creatures comprises an elongate member having first and second ends in fluid communication via a conduit defined through the elongate member and a capturing element at the first end of the elongate member. The capturing element defines an interior volume, and has an entrance aperture opening into the interior volume and an exit aperture by which the interior volume is in fluid communication with the first end of the elongate member. The capturing element is configured so that when a suitably sized creature is within the interior volume and the retrieval device is oriented with the first end of the elongate member above the second end with the entrance aperture facing generally upward, the capturing element guides the creature under gravity from the interior volume through the exit aperture into the first end of the elongate member and along the conduit to the second end.

Abstract: A seat belt loop system for use with an animal/pet carrier in order to transport an animal in a moving vehicle. The seat belt loop system includes an anchor tab coupled to the pet carrier, a cinch strap coupled to the anchor tab, and cinch strap with a proximal end coupled to the pet carrier and a distal end for insertion through the cinch loop. Once inserted, the distal end is cinched against the cinch loop and then coupled to the cinch strap. A fastening mechanism on the cinch strap is engaged to retain a vehicle seat belt between the pet carrier and the seat belt loop.

Abstract: A cage and cage cover combination includes at least a cage cover having a plurality of stacking lugs. The combination also includes at least an animal cage having a lower surface, where the upper surfaces of the stacking lugs, when in contact with the lower surface of an animal cage form a substantially even connection such that a cage stacked on top of a cover rests securely on the cage cover.

Abstract: A method for reducing corrosion of a superheater of a steam boiler. The superheater includes a superheater piping. The superheating piping includes a steam pipe where the steam to be superheated is directed. The steam pipe is separated by a protective shell having a surface settling in the flue gas space has a temperature that rises above an upper critical temperature, above which temperature in the flue gas space the compounds from the fuel are substantially in a gaseous form. A superheater of a steam boiler and a circulating fluidized bed boiler.

Abstract: An arrangement for warming the oil in a gearbox in a vehicle powered by a combustion engine. A first pipe system with a first flow device which makes possible circulation of oil from the combustion engine through a heat exchanger. A second pipe system with a second flow device makes possible circulation of oil from the gearbox through the heat exchanger. A control device controls the flow devices so that flow of oil through the heat exchanger is obtained in situations in which the oil in the gearbox is at a too low temperature with respect to a desired temperature. The motor oil in the combustion engine can thus be used for heating the oil in the gearbox during cold starts of the combustion engine.

Abstract: An alignment feature for preventing in-bore rotation of an engine tappet. A first portion extends outwards from a tappet and a second portion extends into a hole in the tappet. The first portion extends longitudinally past the mounting hole such that when the feature and tappet are installed in an engine bore, the entire feature is prevented from rotation within the hole. The second portion extending orthogonally from the first portion into the mounting hole need not be close-fitting to the hole. The first portion may be substantially semi-cylindrical, having a convex cylindrical outer surface for fitting the walls of a semi-cylindrical channel in the engine bore and a concave cylindrical inner surface for fitting the outer wall of the tappet. The pin portion is preferably cylindrical. Other pin shapes are possible. The alignment feature may or may not be hardened.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a camshaft (1) which comprises an inner shaft (5) which is arranged coaxially in the outer shaft (6). Here, the outer shaft (6) is formed as a round cylindrical tube with a constant inner diameter (d) throughout, that is to say with a stepless inner lateral surface (9). Here, it is essential to the invention that the inner shaft (5) is secured directly against the stepless inner lateral surface (9) of the outer shaft (6) by means of at least one securing device (10) which is arranged axially at the end side of the inner shaft (5).

Abstract: A start control device of an internal combustion engine, the start control device includes: a starting unit, which cranks the internal combustion engine to start the internal combustion engine while opening and closing an intake valve; a variable valve mechanism, which can change a closing timing of the intake valve; and a control unit, which controls the variable valve mechanism so as to advance the closing timing of the intake valve while the starting unit cranks.

Abstract: A device (10) for variably adjusting control times of gas exchange valves (9a, 9b) of an internal combustion engine (1), including an external rotor (22) and an internal rotor (23) that is arranged such that it can rotate in relation to the external rotor. One of the components is drivingly connected to the crankshaft (2) and the other component is drivingly connected to the camshaft (6, 7). At least one pressure chamber (33) is provided and each of the pressure chambers (33) is divided into two counter-working pressure chambers (35, 36). One of the working chambers (35, 36) of each pressure chamber (33) acts as an advance chamber and the other pressure chamber (35, 36) as a retarding chamber. At least two rotation angle limiting devices (42, 43) are provided, with each of the rotation angle limiting devices (42, 43) being able to assume an unlocked state and locked state.

Abstract: A camshaft adjuster (1) for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle with a radially outer stator (4) that can be driven by the crankshaft, a radially inner rotor (5) connected locked in rotation with the camshaft (2), working chambers (6) that are arranged between the rotor (5) and the stator (4) and that can be pressurized with a pressure such that the relative rotational position of the rotor (5) to the stator (4) is adjustable, at least one seal cover (7) bordering the working chambers (6) on the sides and contacting the rotor (5) and the stator (4) in a sealing way, with an annular disk-shaped base body (13) and an annular projection (9) encompassing the camshaft (2) and adjacent to the radial inside of the base body (13). The base body (13) contacts, with a seal surface (D), the rotor (5) and transitions via a radius (10) into the annular projection (9).

Abstract: [Object] Heat generation is not caused by friction in a phase varying apparatus for use with a vehicle engine. [Solution Means] A phase varying apparatus for use with a vehicle engine varies the opening/closing timing of an intake valve or an exhaust valve. The phase varying apparatus includes a rotary drum (44A) screwed to an intermediate member (30); an electromagnetic clutch (42) including a plurality of magnets (80) that are fixedly arranged at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotary drum and that are magnetized alternately in opposite directions and a coil wound around an iron core (60); and ferromagnetic-material-made magnetic flux induction members (82, 84) having a plurality of claws (82B, 84B) close to magnetic poles of a magnet, having a slight gap between the iron core and the magnetic flux induction member, and forming a magnetic path (85) made up of the iron core and the magnets.

Abstract: An electromagnetic actuating apparatus with an elongate actuating element (3), which forms an engagement region (11) at the end and is capable of moving owing to the force of a coil device provided in stationary fashion, and sections of the actuating element have permanent magnets (4), which are designed to interact with a stationary core region (7), wherein a stationary bearing element (8) acting as a yoke is provided axially opposite the core region (7) for the actuating element (3), at least sections of which are in the form of a piston, wherein the actuating element (3) has two sections (10, 20; 3a, 3b), wherein a first section (19, 3a), which is arranged in the region of the permanent magnets (4), is optimized in terms of the magnetic conductivity and a second section (20, 3b), which is arranged in the engagement region, is optimized in terms of wear.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for decreasing the vapour pressure of a gasoline composition comprising admixing with a gasoline base fuel, from 0.5 to 30 vol. %, based on the overall gasoline composition, of ethyl valerate. The present invention further provides a gasoline composition comprising a gasoline base fuel, from 0.5 to 30 vol. %, based on the overall gasoline composition, of ethyl valerate, and from 0.1 to 10 vol. %, based on the overall gasoline composition, of a C3-4 hydrocarbon component, and a method for controlling the vapour pressure of a gasoline composition comprising admixing with a gasoline base fuel, from 0.5 to 30 vol. %, based on the overall gasoline composition, of ethyl valerate, and from 0.1 to 10 vol. %, based on the overall gasoline composition, of a C3-4 hydrocarbon component.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid fuel composition comprising a major portion of a base fuel suitable for use in an internal combustion engine and from 0.5 to 25 vol %, based on the liquid fuel composition, of a C1-C5 hydrocarbyl valerate ester composition.

Abstract: An ignition device for an internal combustion engine includes at least one pump light source which supplies a pump light. In addition, a laser device is provided which generates a laser pulse for emission into a combustion chamber. A light guide device transmits the pump light from the pump light source to the laser device. Finally, a laser-active solid body, a passive Q-switch, an incoupling mirror, and an output mirror of the laser device are arranged as one integrated monolithic part.

Abstract: An ignition device for an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle, includes at least one pump light source, which provides a pump light. Furthermore, a laser device is provided, which is able to generate a laser light for beaming into a combustion chamber. A waveguide device transmits the pump light from the pump light source to the laser device. The laser device includes at least one refraction device, for example, a lens, which refracts the pump light and is in one piece therewith.

Abstract: An ECU restarts a diesel engine without using a starter by injecting fuel into one of a plurality of cylinders, which is stopped in an expansion stroke, when an in-cylinder temperature of the one of the plurality of cylinders, which is stopped in the expansion stroker is equal to or higher than a preset temperature. Furthermore, the ECU restarts the diesel engine by using the starter when the in-cylinder temperature of the one of the plurality of cylinders, which is stopped in the expansion stroke, is lower than the preset temperature.

Abstract: The invention relates to a conversion mechanism for an internal combustion (11) engine. The conversion mechanism is operable to convert pivotally reciprocating motion of an output member (30) about a prime pivot axis (30.1) into rotational motion of an output shaft (40) about a rotational output axis (40.1). The conversion mechanism includes a cam housing (74) which is fast with the output member (30) for movement about the prime pivot axis (30.1) and which is pivotally displaceable relative to the output member (30) about a cam axis (74.1) which is transverse to the prime pivot axis (30.1), the cam axis (74.1) being movable with the output member (30) about the prime pivot axis (30.1), the cam housing (74) defining at least one cam member (86); and a cam follower (80) on the output shaft (40), the cam follower (80) having a wobble axis (80.1) which is titled or inclined relative to the rotational output axis (40.

Abstract: An integrated valve device for an intake manifold includes a casing having intake passages each connected to an intake port of an internal combustion engine and a through hole extending perpendicular to the intake passages. A valve shaft is received in the through hole. The valve shaft includes valve portions. Each valve portion is arranged to correspond to one of the intake passages. The valve portions are switchable between a first position, where each valve portion fully opens the corresponding intake passage, and a second position, where each valve portion partly blocks the corresponding intake passage. A recess may be formed in a wall defining each intake passage. In this case, when in the first position, each valve portion is entirely accommodated in the corresponding recess. When in the second position, each valve portion projects from the corresponding recess.

Abstract: A mass balance unit having an integrated secondary unit for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle has a mass balance housing in which at least one mass balance shaft is rotatably journaled and has a unit housing in which at least one drive shaft of the secondary unit is rotatably journaled. The mass balance housing is made in one piece such that the mass balance housing has at least one bearing section which surrounds a bearing opening peripherally in one piece in which the mass balance shaft is rotatably journaled. The unit housing is also made in one piece with at least one base section, with a wall section and with a bearing section such that the bearing section of the unit housing surrounds a bearing opening peripherally in one piece in which the drive shaft is rotatably journaled. The drive shaft is operably connected to the balance shaft drivewise. The base section of the unit housing is releasably fastened to a lower side of the mass balance housing.

Abstract: Rotary engine and operational methods wherein a rotor rotates within a stator having an enclosed combustion housing. Housing seals bear upon the rotor and seals on the rotor move in response to the housing interior wall. Combustion chambers are defined between the stator, stator seals, rotor and rotor seals. Multiple combustion chambers are provided for increased torque and varied firing frequencies. Multiple ignitions can be performed per chamber per revolution to provide high torque. The average firings per revolution and fuel and air introduction may be controlled to provide various frequencies and patterns of combustion chamber activity and operating pressures to optimize performance and economy.

Abstract: In a revolving piston device the revolving assemblies are made to complete one or more revolutions for every revolution of the elliptical gears. Port operating ring is used to open the intake passage for the travel of piston pair from TDC to BDC in one revolution of the elliptical gears and to open exhaust passage for the travel of piston pair from BDC to TDC during the next revolution of the elliptical gears. Lower speed of the revolving components induces less vibrations thus gives quite operation. Lower speeds of the elliptical gears allow higher speed of operation for revolving piston device. These types of engines can be used in automobiles, aero industries, marine ships, battlefield tanks, power generation and many other applications. The same concept can also be used to develop a revolving piston compressor or a revolving piston steam engine or a revolving piston two stroke internal combustion engine.

Abstract: There is provided a spark ignited internal combustion engine having a geometric compression ratio of 13.0 or greater. The engine comprises combustion chambers having a cylinder stroke volume of 0.3 liter or greater, with the spark plug in the chamber ceiling having its spark point in the combustion chamber, and a cavity being formed on the top surface of the piston. At least part of the cavity defines a spherical surface that a hypothetical sphere having its center at the spark point contacts when the piston is at top dead center. The cavity is formed so that V2/V1?0.31, where V1 is top-dead-center combustion chamber volume, and V2 is the volume of the part of the hypothetical sphere not interfering with the combustion chamber floor or ceiling at top dead center. The flame thus spreads with less interference, shortening combustion duration and reducing fuel consumption.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for improving vaporization of a fuel used for an engine that can work according to a conventional mode and/or according to an at least partly homogeneous mode, said engine comprising at least one cylinder (10), a combustion chamber (18), at least one intake valve (26) associated with an intake pipe (28), at least one exhaust valve (32) with an exhaust pipe (34), control means (36, 38) for controlling opening/closing of the valves and fuel injection means (40, 44).

Abstract: A method and a device for operating an internal combustion engine make it possible to shift the combustion limit. In this context, a predefined output variable of the internal combustion engine such as the torque, for example, is realized in at least one operating state of the internal combustion engine by at least a retardation of an ignition angle. It is checked whether, due to the retardation of the ignition angle, a variable like, for example, a misfiring, characteristic for the combustibility of the air/fuel mixture in a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, exceeds a predefined limiting value in terms of a deterioration of the combustibility, and in this case, at least one actuator of the internal combustion engine, different from an actuator for setting the ignition angle, such as the exhaust-gas recirculation valve or EGR valve, for instance, is controlled along the lines of improving the combustibility of the air/fuel mixture.

Abstract: In known methods for carrying out a high-pressure start of an internal combustion engine, inconvenient starting behaviour can sometimes occur. A method for carrying out a high-pressure start of an internal combustion engine (1) is provided, in which method a high-pressure pump (22) is used to feed fuel from a fuel tank (17) to a pressure accumulator (20) and a pressure adjusting means (23) is used to control the pressure in the pressure accumulator (20)), wherein the high-pressure pump (22) is operated before carrying out a fuel injection into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine (1), and the pressure adjusting means (23) is activated in such a way that, during the operation of the high-pressure pump (22), the pressure build-up in the pressure accumulator (20) above a pressure limit value pTHRES, upon the exceedance of which the fuel injection is enabled, is retarded.

Abstract: A variable compression ratio apparatus may include a connecting rod rotatably connected to the piston so as to receive the combustion force therefrom, a pin link mounted to the crankshaft and rotatably connected to the connecting rod so as to receive the combustion force from the connecting rod and rotate the crankshaft, a connecting link rotatably coupled to the pin link and changing a rotation trace of the pin link with respect to a rotation axis of the crankshaft, an eccentric camshaft provided with first and second shaft portions eccentric from each other and configured to rotate by a predetermined angle according to a driving condition of the engine, a sub control link rotatably connected to the eccentric camshaft about the first shaft portion and rotatably connected to the connecting link, and a main control link rotatably connected to the eccentric camshaft about the second shaft portion and rotatably connected to the connecting link.

Abstract: A supercharger for an internal combustion engine having an internal reservoir adapted to receive a supply of lubricating oil. An oil slinger is mounted on the impeller shaft for rotation therewith that extends into the reservoir for collecting and slinging lubricating oil onto the supercharger bearings, shafts and the drive and impeller gears. A baffle assembly is carried by the interior of the supercharger housing for controlling the volume and flow of lubricating oil onto said gears and bearings and directing oil flow therefrom back into said reservoir to prevent excessive lubrication buildup on the gears and the deleterious effects that result therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a deaerating and aerating device (19) for an internal combustion engine (1) for discharging blowby gas out of a crankcase (3), comprising a first line (20) which is connected at one end to the crankcase (3) and at the other end to a fresh gas line (7) downstream of a supercharging device (10) and which contains a deaerating valve (23), and a second line (21) which is connected at one end to the fresh gas line (7) upstream of the supercharging device (10) and at the other end to the crankcase (3) and which contains a throttle device (28) and, parallel thereto, a non-return check valve (29) which provides a blocking action in the direction of the crankcase (3).

Abstract: An EGR system includes a high-pressure EGR passage that provides communication between an exhaust pipe, at a portion upstream of a turbine of a turbocharger, and an intake pipe, at a portion downstream of a compressor; a low-pressure EGR passage that provides communication between the exhaust pipe, at a portion downstream of the turbine, and the intake passage, at a portion upstream of the compressor; and an exhaust gas catalyst provided upstream of a position at which the low-pressure EGR passage is connected to the exhaust pipe.