Abstract: A beverage bottling plant for filling bottles with a liquid beverage material having a filling machine. The abstract of the disclosure is submitted herewith as required by 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b). As stated in 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b): A brief abstract of the technical disclosure in the specification must commence on a separate sheet, preferably following the claims, under the heading “Abstract of the Disclosure.” The purpose of the abstract is to enable the Patent and Trademark Office and the public generally to determine quickly from a cursory inspection the nature and gist of the technical disclosure. The abstract shall not be used for interpreting the scope of the claims. Therefore, any statements made relating to the abstract are not intended to limit the claims in any manner and should not be interpreted as limiting the claims in any manner.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for wrapping a palletized load are provided. The apparatus preferably includes a film dispenser for dispensing a film web, at least one guide rollers configured to engage the width of the film web, and at least one roping element. The at least one roping element may be a cable rolling roper configured to roll a portion of the film web into a rolled cable of film. The apparatus may also include means for providing relative rotation between the load and the dispenser to wrap a roped portion of the film web around a base of the load/top portion of a pallet supporting the load.

Abstract: In a method for the packaging of a bulk material or material in packaging units, which are formed in a filling and packaging plant (4) from the packaging material that is fed to this station before and/or during the filling with the bulk material or material to be packaged, the printing of the packaging material is printed in a printing station that is upstream of the filling or packaging station in the feed direction of the packaging material.

Abstract: An apparatus that can be used for packaging refuse, such as soiled diapers, for disposal or items, such as food and medicine, for storage can comprise a receptacle having an upper open end, a cover connected proximate the upper end of the receptacle, and a rotatable tube mounted on a pair of bosses carried by the receptacle. The rotatable tube can carry a roll of linearly attached disposable bags for receiving refuse and the like. Sealing means can be provided for sealing at least one of the disposable bags after receiving refuse or other item to be packaged. A suction motor can be provided in communication with the disposable bags to vacuum air out of the disposable bag. A cutting assembly can be connected to the cover for cutting the disposable bag from the plurality of linearly attached disposable bags.

Abstract: A loading and palletizing device for roll trucks, such as dollies, and the associated method. The abstract of the disclosure is submitted herewith as required by 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b). As stated in 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b): A brief abstract of the technical disclosure in the specification must commence on a separate sheet, preferably following the claims, under the heading “Abstract of the Disclosure.” The purpose of the abstract is to enable the Patent and Trademark Office and the public generally to determine quickly from a cursory inspection the nature and gist of the technical disclosure. The abstract shall not be used for interpreting the scope of the claims. Therefore, any statements made relating to the abstract are not intended to limit the claims in any manner and should not be interpreted as limiting the claims in any manner.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, a method of manufacturing containers such as shipping, display and display ready packaging, for example, and resulting containers and associated preassemblies and blanks are provided, which, when utilized, result in preassemblies that are more easily and quickly assembled into fully assembled containers.

Abstract: An insert with an upwardly projecting protuberance proximate one end is inserted into an open container. The open container is conveyed continuously in a downstream direction with a container conveyor with the container opening upwardly. The insert is held above the conveyor at an insertion station by supporting a downstream portion of the insert: the protuberance bearing end of the insert being the upstream end of the insert. A pusher finger is driven downwardly against an upstream portion of the insert at a downstream side of the protuberance in order to push the upstream portion of the insert downwardly into the container. The upstream portion of the insert is pushed against an inside surface of the container with the pusher finger while the container is conveyed underneath the insert. Simultaneously, the support is removed from the downstream portion of the insert.

Abstract: A method for packaging a mattress in a package, comprising: retaining, in a first step of operation, a fixing element below a resting surface and causing the advancement of a mattress from a first conveyor toward a second conveyor for producing the wrapping of a sheet in a loop around the mattress and the perimetric closure by heat-sealing and cutting of the sheet and the formation of a first wrapping, which is separate from the sheet unwound from the reel, lifting, in a second step, the sheet fixing element above the resting surface and transferring the mattress onto the advancement conveyor, returning, in a third step, the fixing element below the resting surface and in a fourth step, producing the advancement of the mattress on the second receiving and transfer conveyor in order to wrap a second sheet around the first wrapping and perform consequent heat-sealing and cutting of the sheet, forming a second wrapping that is separate from the first one.

Abstract: A containment system includes a vapor resistant container for a material, and a seal for the vapor resistant container.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus and a method for economically forming packing unit layers. The apparatus comprises at least one supply conveyor, at least one further conveyor and an exit conveyor. Furthermore, at least one gripper for positioning and/or turning the packing units is associated with the further conveyor. The positioned and/or turned packing units are brought together to form form-fitting packing unit layers by a suitable device on the at least one exit conveyor. The at least one gripper is configured in such a way that is can be used to position and/or turn at least one packing unit and that at least one further packing unit can be placed on the positioned and/or turned packing unit in the same orientation.

Abstract: Embodiments related to a flexible forward substrate for a treeless western saddle are described herein. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.

Abstract: A horse boot includes the combination of an inner liner (10 and 10?) and an outer shell (12). The liner is adapted to wrap around the front and lateral surfaces of the hoof of the horse, while the shell includes an upper (16) designed to conform with the exterior surface of the liner for attachment to it. The shell is fastened to the liner by some detachable means, such as nuts (22) and bolts (20), and the liner/shell assembly is glued to the hoof. The shell may then be removed at will to allow the hoof to be barefoot and may be re-installed to produce a boot in place when desired.

Abstract: Is a combination Tool Kit and Lawn Care Product Containment Devise which is strapped over and on top of a Riding Lawn Mower Motor Housing. The Mower Mate will allow for frequently used tools and lawn care products to be kept with the Riding Lawn Mower and application of Lawn Care Products while mowing.

Abstract: An edging attachment for riding lawn mowers is operable to control the height of an edging blade relative to a ground surface while an operator steers the mower in a desired direction. In one embodiment, the edging attachment is coupled to the mowing deck of a mower and the mowing deck is adjusted using a foot control. The foot control can be manipulated while the operator simultaneously steers the mower using a hand-operable steering controls. Because the edging attachment is coupled to the mowing deck, adjustment of the edging blade height is also effected using the foot control. In another embodiment, a hand-manipulated control is mounted proximate the steering controls to facilitate adjustment of the edging blade while simultaneously steering the mower.

Abstract: The invention relates to a harvester adapter with stalk shredder for harvesting grain crops, particularly sunflower, comprising a frame structure attached to a combine harvester, and at least two crop gathering units having a snout, where the crop gathering units are secured to the frame structure. Neighbouring crop gathering units are arranged such that a channel with an open leading end is formed between them, with a stalk gathering unit being disposed in driving connection with a harvesting mechanism on at least one side of the channels. The adapter has a collecting auger disposed rearward from the harvesting mechanism and at least one stalk shredder unit attached to the frame structure.

Abstract: A grass treatment unit with an adjustable hood for use with various grass treatment inserts of different diameter for verticutting, scarifying, etc. The grass treatment unit includes a frame with sidewalls mounted on front and rear rollers. An open topped bearing socket is attached to each of the sidewalls for mounting the grass treatment insert for rotation. A hood mounted on a slide for spacing the hood in a selected position with respect to the grass treatment insert. Spring plungers are provided for locking the grass treatment insert in the bearing sockets and for locking the slide in a selected position on the sidewalls. The grass treatment insert has a shaft with ball bearings on opposite ends which are housed within a bearing housing. A handle is provided on the bearing housing for lifting the grass treatment insert.

Abstract: A flexible cutterbar support apparatus with integral adjustable torsional preload mechanism for connecting a cutterbar support arm to a header frame for upward and downward movement. The mechanism includes a first element connected to the support arm and extending about a second element configured for connection to the frame, and at least one resilient biasing element disposed between the first element and the second element and biasable by generation of a torsional loading condition between the first and second elements for applying a preload force therebetween. A preload adjusting mechanism in connection with at least one of the first element and the second element is operable for selectably adjusting the biasing of the at least one resilient biasing element in a manner for adjusting the preload force. The preload mechanism is also operable for damping vibrations emanating from the cutterbar, and can be used in cooperation with apparatus for damping the up and down movements thereof.

Abstract: A discharge chute for a lawn mower is provided, comprising a channel for channelling grass from a grass ejection opening of a lawn mower, wherein the channel comprises a trajectory following portion which is shaped and adapted to substantially follow a trajectory that the grass is given upon cutting. A lawn mower comprising such a discharge chute is also provided.

Abstract: One aspect relates to a hybrid propulsive technique, comprising providing a flow of a working fluid through at least a portion of an at least one jet engine. The at least one jet engine includes an at least one turbine section, wherein the at least one turbine section includes at least one turbine stage. The at least one turbine stage includes an at least one turbine rotor and an at least one independently rotatable turbine stator. The hybrid propulsive technique further involves extracting energy at least partially in the form of electrical power from the working fluid, and converting at least a portion of the electrical power to torque. The hybrid propulsive technique further comprises rotating an at least one at least one independently rotatable turbine stator at least partially responsive to the converting the at least a portion of the electrical power to torque.

Abstract: One aspect relates to a hybrid propulsive technique, comprising providing at least some first thrust associated with a flow of a working fluid through at least a portion of an at least one jet engine. The hybrid propulsive technique includes extracting energy at least partially in the form of electrical power from the working fluid, and converting at least a portion of the electrical power to torque. The hybrid propulsive technique further includes rotating an at least one substantially axial-flow independently rotatable compressor rotor at least partially responsive to the converting the at least a portion of the electrical power to torque.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention provides a method of controlling a turbomachine having at least one fuel supply system that uses an unchoked valve. Here, the method may determine the flow characteristics of a fuel in a fuel supply system without using a flow meter. An embodiment of the present invention may provide a fuel supply system with a configuration comprising at least one unchoked valve. Furthermore, this embodiment of the present invention may comprise a fuel supply system that does not include a flow meter.

Abstract: A rocket engine for manned or unmanned space flight and atmospheric flight uses an elongated fuel structure that is external to the combustion chamber and that is fed into the combustion chamber during operation of the rocket. The elongated fuel structure includes propellant elements and may include coolant elements and gas generating elements as well. The elongated fuel structure of one embodiment is a ribbon. The ribbon is fed between two opposed wheels of the fuel pump, which seal the engine from escaping gases while permitting the elongated fuel structure to be drawn into the engine. The opposed wheels may serve to activate the gas generating elements, so that gas pressure generated thereby drives the propellant elements into the combustion chamber of the rocket engine. The activation of the gas generating elements also provides coolant to the engine from the coolant elements, in one embodiment.

Abstract: The concentration of a portion of components in the hydrocarbon in exhaust gas flowing into a catalyst is detected or estimated, and the concentration of the portion of components in the hydrocarbon in the exhaust gas flowing out of the catalyst is detected. On the basis of the concentrations of the portion of components in the hydrocarbon flowing into the catalyst and the concentration of the portion of components in the hydrocarbon flowing out of the catalyst, it is determined whether or not the catalyst has been deteriorated.

Abstract: A method for indicating a non-urea reductant fault in a powertrain including an internal combustion engine and an aftertreatment system having an aftertreatment device utilizing a catalyst to convert NOx includes monitoring a NOx content exiting the aftertreatment system subsequent to a powertrain start-up event through a test span, monitoring a measure of NOx content entering the aftertreatment system subsequent to a powertrain start-up event through the test span, and determining a measure of NOx conversion accomplished in the aftertreatment device based upon the NOx content exiting the aftertreatment system and the measure of NOx content entering the aftertreatment system. The method includes, through the test span, comparing the measure of NOx conversion determined at a start of the test span to the measure of NOx conversion at a later time within the test span.

Abstract: A NOx amount capable of being absorbed by a criteria catalyst as a boundary between degradation and normality is supplied to a NOx storage reduction catalyst and thereafter, a reducer amount corresponding to the NOx amount is supplied by a rich spike operation. Degradation of the NOx catalyst is determined based upon the output of the NOx sensor at this time. Since the degradation of the NOx catalyst is determined only by a magnitude of the NOx sensor output, the degradation diagnosis can be performed with high precision. While the catalyst is normal, the excessive reducers are not supplied and therefore, deterioration of the fuel consumption can be prevented.

Abstract: An exhaust system for an engine is disclosed. The exhaust system may include a passageway configured to receive exhaust from the engine, and a recirculation circuit. The recirculation circuit is configured to recirculate exhaust from the passageway back into the engine. The exhaust system may also include an SOx removing device disposed within the passageway upstream of the recirculation circuit, and a filter disposed within the passageway to remove particulate matter from the exhaust. The exhaust system may further include a regeneration device configured to substantially simultaneously regenerate the SOx removing device and the filter.

Abstract: A method controls an exhaust gas temperature from a vehicle engine during regeneration of particulate filter (PF) in a vehicle having an oxidation catalyst (OC) and a selective catalytic reduction catalyst (SCR). The method ensures that a final OC temperature does not exceed a maximum of the target OC outlet temperature and a calibrated maximum OC outlet temperature. An apparatus for controlling a temperature of the exhaust gas includes sensors for measuring a temperature within the exhaust system and a controller having an algorithm, an OC temperature lookup table, and a PF temperature lookup table. The algorithm calculates a target OC outlet temperature using the lookup tables and a delayed error value that compensates for a thermal mass of the SCR. Actual OC outlet temperature is limited during regeneration of the PF to the lesser of the target OC outlet temperature and a calibrated maximum OC outlet temperature.

Abstract: A Method for estimating NOx creation in a combustion process of a four-stroke internal combustion engine includes monitoring engine sensor inputs, modeling parameters descriptive of said combustion process based upon said engine sensor inputs, and estimating NOx creation with an artificial neural network based upon said parameters.

Abstract: A system for use in injection of a liquid reductant into an exhaust gas (20) and for evaporating the liquid reductant includes an exhaust pipe (12) having an interior area (15). Exhaust gas (20) flows through the interior area (15) of the exhaust pipe (12), the flow of exhaust gas being at an elevated temperature from the ambient. A deflection plate (118) has a non-planar shape and is disposed within the interior area (15) of the exhaust pipe (12). An injector (14) injects the liquid reductant into the exhaust pipe (12) and directs the liquid reductant at the deflection plate (118).

Abstract: The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification apparatus of a vehicle, a manufacturing method thereof, and a manufacturing device thereof. The exhaust gas purification apparatus that includes a filter in which a plurality of channels are formed therein such that exhaust gas exhausted from a combustion chamber can pass therethrough to trap pollutants included in the exhaust gas, may include a first plug that plugs an inlet of at least one channel, and a second plug that plugs an outlet of at least one channel, wherein the first plug is inserted in a predetermined distance from the inlet of the at least one channel toward an outlet direction thereof at a front surface of the at least one channel.

Abstract: There is provided an exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine which can make the exhaust gas in which a reducing agent is diffused uniformly over the entirety flow into an NOx catalyst disposed on the downstream side. An exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine including an NOx catalyst disposed in an exhaust gas passage of an internal combustion engine, and a reducing agent injecting unit for injecting a reducing agent into the exhaust gas passage that is on an upstream side of the NOx catalyst, is characterized in that a narrowed portion in which the cross-sectional area of a flow passage is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the exhaust gas passage and that of the NOx catalyst is provided on a downstream side of an injecting position by the reducing agent injecting unit and the upstream side of the NOx catalyst, and that reducing agent diffusing means is provided on the narrowed portion.

Abstract: Mounting close-coupled catalysts for internal combustion engines. In one aspect, supporting a catalyst in an internal combustion engine includes a mounting bracket coupled to a base surface of an engine block. One or more support rods are coupled between the mounting bracket and a housing of the catalyst, such that the catalyst is coupled to and supported by the base surface of the engine block.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for obtaining a structure made from a porous ceramic material comprising at least 95% of silicon carbide SiC, said process being characterized in that said structure is obtained from a mixture of SiC grains comprising at least: a first fraction of ?-SiC grains whose median diameter is less than 5 microns; a second fraction of ?-SiC grains whose median diameter is at least two times greater than that of the first fraction of ?-SiC grains and whose median diameter is greater than or equal to 5 microns; and a fraction of ?-SiC grains or of at least a precursor of ?-SiC grains. The invention also relates to the porous structure obtained according to the process.

Abstract: A decoupling element (11) for use with exhaust-gas systems, including an at least partially corrugated bellows (13) having at least two ends in the form of an inlet (E) and an outlet (A) for the flow (S) of the exhaust gas through the decoupling element (11). A filter element (12?) for filtering the exhaust-gas flow (S) is arranged at least partially in the interior (I) of the decoupling element (11) and the filter element (12?) has a self-supporting construction, in particular, without carrier and/or support bodies.

Abstract: An exhaust diffuser for a truck includes a chamber mountable on a truck exhaust stack pipe. The chamber has a cross sectional area much greater than the cross sectional area of the exhaust pipe, and has a dispersing element disposed in the line of exhaust flow to divert exhaust gases laterally into the chamber volume. One or both of the top and front side walls are formed as a mesh or screen to allow the dispersed exhaust gases to flow outward away from the truck cab in a diffused area.

Abstract: A hydrodynamic torque converter, having a housing arrangement is filled with fluid and an impeller with a plurality of impeller vanes successively arranged in circumferential direction around an axis of rotation, a turbine in a housing interior, the turbine has a plurality of turbine vanes successively arranged in circumferential direction around the axis of rotation, and a stator with stator vanes successively arranged in circumferential direction around the axis of rotation. The impeller, the turbine and the stator form a fluid circulation torus with a torus diameter Td considered radially with respect to the axis of rotation, an outer radius Ra with respect to the axis of rotation, and a torus width considered in direction of the axis of rotation.

Abstract: A configurable hydraulic system facilitates a variety of oilfield cementing and other oilfield or related applications. The system employs a plurality of prime movers to drive a plurality of loads. The plurality of prime movers and loads are coupled with a configurable hydraulic system that maintains a separate, sealed hydraulic system associated with each prime mover. The configurable hydraulic system also enables the load configuration driven by each prime mover to be changed without losing the benefit of a separate, sealed hydraulic system associated with each specific prime mover.

Abstract: A hydraulic circuit for operating a tool is provided that is particularly useful in construction equipment such as an excavator, crane, wheel loader, drilling machine, or others. Furthermore, a control unit and a method for controlling the hydraulic circuit and construction equipment including such a hydraulic circuit is disclosed.

Abstract: Circuit for controlling a double-action hydraulic drive cylinder includes a directional control valve having working ports A and B, a pump port P, and a tank port T, wherein the directional control valve has a neutral position in which pump port P is blocked and working ports A, B are connected to tank port T. A pressure-limiting valve and a controllable load-holding valve are connected to the piston space in parallel, and a regeneration check valve is connected in series between a connection point for the parallel components and the rod space. A first precharge valve is connected between the working port A and the connection point, and a first bypass check valve is connected anti-parallel parallel with the first precharge valve and the load-holding valve. A second precharge valve is connected in series with the directional control valve between the tank port P and the rod space.

Abstract: [PROBLEMS] By accurately determining timing for suppressing overrun in a hydraulic motor or the like, work efficiency is prevented from falling. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] A pressure difference ?P between pressure Pa on a discharge port 1a side of a hydraulic pump 1 and pressure Pb on a suction port 1b side of the hydraulic pump 1 is calculated on the basis of the detected travel direction of the vehicle and the pressures Pa, Pb detected at the respective port 1a, 1b sides of the hydraulic pump 1. At least one of an engine 4 and the hydraulic pump 1 is controlled, according to the calculated pressure difference, such that overrun of at least one of the engine 4, the hydraulic pump 1, and a hydraulic motor 2 is suppressed.

Abstract: A counterbalance system for counterbalancing vibrations of a machine, including a housing adapted to be mounted to the machine. A hydraulic chamber is disposed within the housing and has a first and a second diaphragm on opposite sides thereof. A hydraulic fluid is disposed in the hydraulic chamber. A first air chamber is on a first side of the first diaphragm opposite the hydraulic chamber and a second air chamber is disposed on a second side of the second diaphragm opposite the hydraulic chamber. The hydraulic fluid acts as a mass and the diaphragms and air chambers act as a spring and damper of a mass damper system for counterbalancing vibrations of the machine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a turbocharger (1) comprising a compressor (2), a turbine connected to the compressor (2) by means of a shaft (3) and provided with an exhaust inlet (5) and an exhaust outlet (7), and a bypass line (6) which branches off from the exhaust inlet (5), bypassing the turbine, and leads to the exhaust outlet in which a boost-pressure regulating flap is arranged, said regulating flap comprising a flap plate (13) which is connected to a flap shaft (14) by means of a connecting device (12).

Abstract: A turbocharger system for an engine (e.g., a diesel engine in a locomotive) includes a turbocharger unit and a fixed gear assembly. The turbocharger unit comprises a compressor for providing compressed air to an intake of the engine, a turbine driven by an exhaust of the engine, and a shaft interconnecting the turbine and compressor. The fixed gear assembly interconnects an engine gear train of the engine to the turbocharger unit for driving the turbocharger unit. There is no turbocharger clutch mechanism in the turbocharger system, engine, or otherwise in the vehicle. Thus, the fixed gear assembly operates to drive the turbocharger unit whenever the engine gear train is operational.

Abstract: Multi-stage turbocharging, and more particularly, an advanced multi-stage turbocharging system using the variable turbine power of one or more variable turbine geometry (VTG) turbochargers to adjust compressor boost and exhaust back pressure to engine operating demands. The invention further relates to a turbocharged internal combustion engine, in particular a turbocharged internal combustion engine with at least one high-pressure turbine stage and one downstream low-pressure turbine stage, wherein the high-pressure turbine may be a single-flow or double-flow type, wherein the high pressure or low pressure compressor may be variable geometry, wherein the high pressure or low pressure compressor may be variably bypassed, and wherein the high pressure or low pressure turbine may be provided with an active control variable bypass or wastegate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for controlling and/or adjusting the charging pressure of an exhaust gas turbocharger of an internal combustion engine, the exhaust gas turbocharger having a turbine, a compressor which is driven by the latter and which makes available compressed fluid for the internal combustion engine, and a pressure setting device for setting the turbine inlet pressure. Here, it is provided that the turbine inlet pressure is set to a defined turbine inlet pressure such that for the internal combustion engine there is a maximum indicated medium pressure and/or a maximum effective medium pressure, the defined turbine inlet pressure being computed by means of an air model. The invention furthermore relates to an internal combustion engine with an exhaust gas turbocharger.

Abstract: An engine is disclosed comprising a chamber defined by at least one fixed wall and at least one movable wall, the volume of the chamber variable with movement of the movable wall; an injector arranged to inject liquid into the chamber while the chamber has a substantially minimum volume; apparatus through which energy is introduced that is absorbed by the fluid which then explosively vaporizes, performing work on the movable wall; and apparatus which returns the movable wall to a position prior to the work being performed thereon so the chamber has the substantially minimum volume, substantially evacuating the chamber of vaporized fluid without substantially compressing the vaporized fluid.

Abstract: A piston and a reciprocating expansion engine with a piston having a piston head, a piston neck, and a piston shaft are described. The piston head has at least one groove which runs in a circumferential direction suitable for receiving a piston ring, and the piston shaft has a pin boss and, at its outer circumference, a guide surface which is suitable for guiding the piston along a cylinder inner wall. An outer diameter of the piston neck is smaller than an outer diameter of the piston head and/or of the piston shaft, and the length of the piston neck approximately corresponds to the travel of the piston in the installed state.

Abstract: A Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) system includes a first combustion turbine assembly (42) having a shaft (52) coupled to a motor (54), a compressor (44) and a debladed turbine element (46). A second combustion turbine assembly (68) has a shaft (74) coupled to an electrical generator (80), a turbine (70) and a debladed compressor (72). A first interconnection (58) is from an output of the compressor (44) of the first combustion turbine assembly to an air storage (66). A second interconnection (87) is from the air storage to the turbine (70) of the second combustion turbine assembly for producing power. An expander (88) and an electrical generator (94) are provided. A third interconnection (90) is from the air storage (66) to the expander (88). A source of heat preheats compressed air in the third interconnection. A fourth interconnection (96) is from the expander to the turbine (70).

Abstract: Attemperation systems and methods for cooling steam bypassed from a steam turbine during tripping of the steam turbine are provided in the disclosed embodiments. The systems may be configured to deliver water discharged from a fuel gas heater to a bypass attemperator, where the water discharged from the fuel gas heater may be used to cool the bypass steam. Before being used by the fuel gas heater, the water used to heat the fuel gas may be heated by an economizer. The water may be delivered to the economizer by an intermediate pressure stage of a boiler feedwater pump. In the disclosed embodiments, the intermediate pressure stage of the boiler feedwater pump may also be used to supply water to a re-heater attemperator, which may be used to further cool the steam after it has been delivered from the bypass attemperator to a re-heater. In addition, the intermediate pressure stage of the boiler feedwater pump may deliver water directly to the bypass attemperator as a supplemental water source.

Abstract: An apparatus, system and method for transferring heat from a hot flue gas stream from a cement plant including large particles and dust to a working fluid of a power plant via a high temperature heat transfer fluid without exposing all or most of the equipment to the erosive force of the particles and dust is disclosed where the apparatus includes a cement plant, a particle separation and heat transfer system and a power plant