Abstract: A sequencing batch lagoon process is carried out in a minimum of two earthen lagoons and provides the treatment of municipal or industrial wastewater. Each lagoon is operated on fill-draw basis in a sequencing manner. Raw wastewater continues entering into one of the lagoons while the other lagoon is at full liquid level. The lagoon at the full liquid level will begin to discharge when the other lagoon at filling mode is reaching the full liquid level. The lagoon at the drawdown mode continues until the liquid level is down to the lowest liquid level. The wastewater feeding is then alternated to the lagoon which is at the lowest liquid level. The lagoon at the full liquid level shall have no contamination from raw wastewater or the lagoon at the filling mode. The biological reactions occur under aerobic and anoxic conditions. The aerobic conditions occur in the liquid or above the bottom sludge while the anoxic conditions occur near or within the bottom sludge.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are decontamination techniques that use a chemical that acts as an oxygen source and adsorption/binding agent in a UV reactor to bring together organic contaminant molecules and TiO2 molecules in the photoreactive slurry, or to alternatively bind directly to the contaminant molecules if no photocatalyst is employed. In one embodiment, one such system may comprise a contaminated fluid media source providing a contaminated fluid media, which could even be at near-boiling conditions. In addition, the decontamination system may include an adsorption accelerant comprising oxygen and soluble in the fluid media. The adsorption accelerant adsorbing to contaminant molecules in the contaminated fluid media, and should be stable if the fluid media is provided at near-boiling conditions. Also, such a decontamination system may include an irradiation source configured to irradiate the contaminated media containing the adsorption accelerant to eliminate the contaminant molecules from the fluid media.

Abstract: A dialysate regeneration unit adapted for regenerating a dialysate containing carrier substances comprises a first flow path and a second flow path. The first flow path comprises a first supply unit adapted for adding an acidic fluid to the dialysate flowing in the first flow path, and a detoxification unit located downstream of the first supply unit. The detoxification unit is adapted for removing toxins from the acidified dialysate flowing in the first flow path. The second flow path extends in parallel to the first flow path. The second flow path comprises a second supply unit adapted for adding an alkaline fluid to the dialysate flowing in the second flow path, and a further detoxification unit located downstream of the second supply unit. The further detoxification unit is adapted for removing toxins from the alkalised dialysate flowing in the second flow path.

Abstract: The present invention provides a bio-membrane formulation to be used to eliminate microorganism, turbidity, suspended particles and organic matters from drinking water wherein the bio-membrane includes a polysulfone with a concentration of 15%-18%, N,N-dimethylacetamide of 65%-70% and poly (vinyl-pyrolidone)-K30 at 10%-15%.

Abstract: A process for separating a feed F by simulated moving bed adsorption in a SMB device is described, the device comprising external bypass lines Li/i+1 which directly connect two successive plates Pi, Pi+1, the index i being either even or (exclusive of the foregoing) odd, along the whole length of the column, in order to flush said plates, in which each of the bypass lines Li/i+1 comprises automated means for regulating the flow rate in the bypass lines, the degree of opening of said regulating means being defined by the following three rules: a) establishing a flow rate corresponding to an oversynchronicity in the range 15% to 30% in all of the open bypass lines of zone 1; b) establishing a flow rate corresponding to the synchronicity to within plus or minus 8% in all of the open bypass lines of zones 2 and 3; c) establishing a flow rate corresponding to an oversynchronicity in the range 20% to 40% in all of the open bypass lines of zone 4.

Abstract: This invention is directed to decreasing the CO2 concentration. The invention makes use of fluids and apparatuses for diminishing CO2 concentrations of fluids.

Abstract: A wearable or portable intermittently operable hydration system includes a purification module that contains one or more solid state light emitting devices that are positioned in the path of hydrating fluid, or water, flow through the hydration system to a mouthpiece. The light emitting devices illuminate a photocatalytic material disposed within the flow path in order to react and create fluid-purifying hydroxyls. The lights are instant on devices with essentially no ramp-up required, and a sensor or the opening of a push-pull valve controls the turning on of the lights. The fluid flow path may run from a bladder in a backpack worn by the user, a sports bottle worn by or carried by the user or may be through a water filtration system that a user operates via a pump. The power for the purification module may come from batteries, solar cells, fuel cells, or power converted from pumping, winding, etc.

Abstract: A UV disinfection system and methods of UV disinfection are provided. The disinfection system may include a UV transparent conduit to carry a flowing liquid to be disinfected, the conduit having an inlet to receive the liquid and an outlet to discharge the liquid and two or more radiation sources positioned within the conduit substantially perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the conduit. The walls of the conduit may be coated with a reflective coating acting as a back-surface mirror for enhancing the performance of the disinfection system.

Abstract: There is provided a microbubble generating method including: supplying a gas to a rotator 2 while rotating the rotator 2 in a liquid; injecting the gas into the liquid from bubble injection holes formed in the surface of the rotator 2; and applying a shear force, produced by the relative movement between the liquid and the rotator, to gas bubbles present on and in the vicinity of the surface of the rotator 2 to generate microbubbles. The microbubble generating method can easily generate a large amount of microbubbles without forcibly creating a swirling flow of fluid.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for treating effluents in process systems are provided In some embodiments, a system for treating effluent includes a process chamber having a processing volume; an exhaust conduit coupled to the process chamber to remove an effluent from the processing volume; and a reactive species generator coupled to the exhaust conduit to inject a reactive species into the exhaust conduit to treat the effluent, wherein the reactive species generator generates a reactive species comprising at least one of singlet hydrogen, hydrogen ions or hydrogen radicals. In some embodiments, a method for treating effluent includes flowing an effluent from a processing volume of a process system through an exhaust conduit fluidly coupled to the processing volume; treating the effluent in the exhaust conduit with a reactive species comprising at least one of singlet hydrogen, hydrogen ions, or hydrogen radicals; and flowing the treated effluent to an abatement system.

Abstract: An apparatus, system and method for removing and treating contaminated materials on a bottom of a body of water and introducing growth packets to revitalize the treated bottom of the body of water. The structure may comprise a vessel with an open face. The vessel may be lowered down to the bottom of the body of water with the face facing down. As a result, the vessel and the bottom form an isolated space. The structure may comprise at least one agitating device(s) for stirring up the materials inside the vessel so as to form a mixture containing the sediment materials which in turn contain the contaminants. Multiple at least one pipe(s) may be coupled to the vessel for transporting the mixture out of the vessel for processing (filtering, treating with chemicals, etc.) so as to neutralize or eliminate the contaminants in the mixture. Then, the treated mixture can be returned to the inside of the vessel via the at least one pipe(s).

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed for treating a drilling fluid mixture including feeding the drilling fluid mixture to a hydrocyclone (or hydrocyclones) with a flow-volume-adjustable inlet for controlling flow of the drilling fluid mixture into the hydrocyclone(s). This abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure and is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims, 37 C.F.R. 1.72(b).

Abstract: Some embodiments of a product display system can be employed in a retail store or other product storage environment to maintain one or more rows of products in an organized manner on a shelf. In some circumstances, the display system can be readily assembled to the shelf and thereafter receive products so that the products can remain visible and advanced toward the front portion of the shelf.

Abstract: The invention relates to a storage product carrier for a storage shelf having a plurality of carrier supports placed one above the other and at a distance from each other, which are disposed in pairs on opposite side walls of the storage shelf and which support the storage product carrier, comprising a base body that is surrounded by an edge wall. The storage product carrier has a support wall, which protrudes from the base body. Carrier arms are provided on the support wall, which protrude from the support wall, and on which sleeve-shaped storage products (36), particularly roller bushings, can be deposited.

Abstract: A tool rack comprises a main body; a tool holding section including a plurality of longitudinal tool holding elements defining a plurality of tool holding supports for retaining tools; and a flexible member adapted for slide along an upper side of the tool holding section and across the tools for firmly retaining the tools on the main body.

Abstract: The present invention provides an archery bow rest and arrow holder that can be used easily and freely during hunting and competition down times. The bow rest with attached arrow holder is free standing and light weight that has a quick easy setup for the convenience of outdoor hunting, backyard shooting or archery competition. The bow rest and arrow holder is designed for outdoor ground use only. It is designed in a manner that does not take up space, and can be easily carried, sporting a coated handle. The attached bow cradle has coated prongs, and the arrow holder is attached in a manner that allows easy access without interfering with the bow in anyway.

Abstract: The method for constructing a shelf assembly in a locker having on each side thereof a generally vertically extending longitudinal lip, the lip on one side of the locker hingedly mounting a locker door, comprises the steps of: providing a first sidewall having in an inner sidewall surface thereof a transverse slot located generally midway between upper and lower ends of the sidewall and an inner shoulder at the upper end of the sidewall and a second sidewall having in an inner sidewall surface thereof a transverse slot located generally midway between the upper and lower ends of the sidewall and an inner shoulder at the upper end of the sidewall a first shelf and a second shelf: Inserting the first sidewalls in the locker against a sidewall of the locker; Inserting the second sidewall in the locker higher than the first sidewall and holding the second sidewall at that higher position while the first shelf is inserted at an angle but with side edges of the shelf generally aligned with the slots; lowering the s

Abstract: A rail system for organizing rack mountable equipment when the equipment is stacked one piece on top of another. The rail system slides over the flanges of the rack mountable equipment to keep the equipment organized without the need for rack mounting the equipment.

Abstract: The present invention is an infant feeding pouch that is a transparent low-density polyethylene or polypropylene bag. The pouch has two sections, and a middle section. The middle section of the pouch is collapsible. The middle oval section is able to contain 8 to 9 ounces of fluid. As the fluid enters the middle section it enlarges. As the fluid exits the pouch it collapses. The middle section of the feeder has an opening; it is here were the fluid is deposited. The opening is located in the center of the middle section at the bottom. The middle section has a non-removable threaded fitting welded onto the pouch enabling the toppro to be attached. The toppro is a bottle cap with screwable threads in the interior.

Abstract: This method makes it possible to fabricate a stopper (1) starting from a tubular skirt (12) suitable for surrounding a container neck, and provided both with retainer means for retaining it permanently around the neck, and also with fastener means for fastening it removably to the neck. In this method, the skirt and a blade (110) are moved in rotation relative to each other about the axis (X-X) of the skirt so that the blade cuts a peripheral line of weakness in the skirt, which line of weakness is made up firstly of through notches and secondly, between said notches around the periphery of the skirt, of breakable bridges that interconnect, in the same direction as the axis, a non-removable portion of the skirt, which portion is provided with the retainer means, and a removable portion of the skirt, which portion is provided with the fastener means.

Abstract: Closing cap for a container comprising a covering (9) made of metallic material with a substantially cylindrical shape, having a side wall (13) divided by an annular weakening line (44) into two portions. A plastic insert (15) is fixed by means of gluing or mechanical retaining means to the inner surface (10) of the covering (9). The cap also comprises an anti-tamper seal (20) which is fixed in a middle position (210) of the inner surface (10) of the covering (9) and consists of a plastic ring.

Abstract: A synthetic cork is provided, comprising a shank portion, having a tip portion and a base portion, the base portion including a radial contour, the radial contour providing increased radial surface area relative to a smooth radial bottom portion. A synthetic cork stopper is also provided, wherein the synthetic cork base portion is glued into a hole of a cap. In exemplary embodiments, the radial contour is a spoked configuration.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an injection-molded recess and protrusion pattern surface of a resin stamper is subjected to a dry etching process for surface treatment.

Abstract: A method of depositing a non-continuous coating of a first material on a substrate, comprising: a) the formation of a mask on this substrate, by forming at least two mask layers, and etching of at least one cavity in these layers, this cavity having an outline such that a coating, deposited on the substrate, through the cavities of the mask, has at least one discontinuity over said outline of the cavity; b) the deposition of the first material on the substrate, through the cavities of the mask, the coating thus deposited having at least one discontinuity over the outline of said cavity; and c) the mask is removed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a nanofiber fabrication method comprising nanofiber growth from a catalyst zone, furthermore comprising the following steps: producing at least one micropattern (11) on the surface of a substrate (1); producing a catalyst zone (50) on the surface of said micropattern; nanofiber growth from the catalyst zone, characterized in that the micropattern (11) comprises a base, at least partially convergent side walls and an upper face, said base being covered with a so-called “poison” layer (4) where no nanofiber growth catalysis effect can take place, the so-called “poison” layer not being present on said upper face; the base being covered with a catalyst layer (5) on the surface of the so-called “poison” layer; the thickness of the “poison” layer and the thickness of the catalyst layer being such that the nanofibers cannot grow either on the side walls or on the base of the micropatterns constructed beforehand.

Abstract: In a method of forming an ACL, a substrate is provided in a deposition chamber. A plasma deposition process is performed by providing a deposition gas into the deposition chamber to form the ACL on the substrate. The deposition gas includes a deposition source gas, a carrier gas and a control gas. The deposition source gas includes a hydrocarbon, and the control gas includes at least one of oxygen and oxycarbon.

Abstract: A method of protecting a surface of a device from residual polishing compound comprises applying a thin barrier layer of coating material to the surface of the device; polishing the surface with a polishing compound; rinsing the polishing compound from the device; and removing the thin barrier layer from the surface of the device to remove the residual polishing compound.

Abstract: Slurry compositions and chemically activated CMP methods for polishing a substrate having a silicon carbide surface using such slurries. In such methods, the silicon carbide surface is contacted with a CMP slurry composition that comprises i) a liquid carrier and ii) a plurality of particles having at least a soft surface portion, wherein the soft surface portion includes a transition metal compound that provides a Mohs hardness ?6, and optionally iii) an oxidizing agent. The oxidizing agent can include a transition metal. The slurry is moved relative to the silicon carbide comprising surface, wherein at least a portion of eth silicon carbide surface is removed.

Abstract: The invention provides a plasma processing apparatus comprising a means for detecting the apparatus condition related to the ion flux quantity of plasma (plasma density) and the distribution thereof for to stabilizing mass production and minimizing apparatus differences.

Abstract: A substrate processor enables realization of a proper process by combining advantages of a remote plasma and a plasma generated in an entire processing chamber. The substrate processor includes a conductive member (10) which is installed surrounding a processing space (1) and grounded to the earth and a pair of electrodes (4) installed inside the conductive member (10). A primary coil of an insulating transformer (7) is connected to a high-frequency power supply unit (14) and a secondary coil is connected to the electrodes (4). A switch (13) is connected to the connection line connecting the secondary coil to the electrodes (4). By setting up/cutting off the connection of the line to the earth with use of the switch (13), the region where the plasma is generated in the processing space (1) can be changed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an arc chamber for a switching device, in particular a circuit breaker, a disconnector or a contactor, with a high interruption power, to be used preferably in low-voltage electrical systems. The arc chamber according to the invention comprises a plurality of substantially U-shaped metal plates and a casing made of electrically insulating material provided with opposed internal grooves for insertion of said metal plates. The arc chamber moreover comprises one or more polar expansions housed in corresponding containment seats arranged within the casing. Each of said containment seats is configured in such a way as to insulate the polar expansions from the metal plates. The invention likewise relates to a switching device comprising said arc chamber.

Abstract: An exhaust system for exhausting gases and molten debris caused by an electric arc within a switchgear. The exhaust system includes a switchgear having lower and upper compartments and an exhaust unit externally mounted to the switchgear. A wall panel of the switchgear includes blow out panels coinciding with openings in the lower compartment and corresponding ventilation flaps in a top surface of the exhaust unit to exhaust gas from the lower compartment out the blow out panels in a vertical direction, exiting through the flaps. The upper compartment includes ventilation flaps for exhausting gas in a vertical direction directly through the flaps and optionally through side-mounted blow out panels that communicate with the vertical vent path to the flaps in the top of the exhaust unit. A bus compartment in the exhaust unit includes a vent path to flaps in the top of the exhaust unit for exhausting gas produced by bus arcing.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for separating of parts from workpieces is provided, in which at least one part is separated from a workpiece by means of radiation, in particular by means of laser radiation, and in which the radiation acts on the workpiece in a zone of interaction in such a way that regions of the workpiece are abraded, changed in their shape and/or are separated; in which the light intensity is received from the interaction zone and/or its vicinity and is transformed into electrical signals by a photoelectric sensor, and in which, with use of the electrical signals, it is determined when the processing procedure is to be terminated.

Abstract: A welding system includes a gas tungsten arc welding power source having a welding arc contactor, a plasma welding torch, and a gas console that supplies gases to the plasma welding torch. The welding system also includes a coolant flow switch connected in series with the welding arc contactor. Power is not provided from the gas tungsten arc welding power source to the plasma welding torch when the coolant flow switch is not actuated.

Abstract: This invention provides a steel pipe material weld zone heating method and apparatus for melting and welding the weld zone of a steel pipe material that during continuous induction heating and welding of moving steel pipe material as the material being heated controls temperature distribution and molten steel shape and weld frequency fluctuation with high accuracy and high efficiency, irrespective of the shape of the heated region of material being heated or the material properties of the material being heated, which comprises a first imaging step in which first imaging means 3 installed opposite an end face weld zone of the steel pipe material is used to detect self-emitted light of the weld zone and output a brightness image, a weld zone temperature distribution computation step in which image processing is performed based on the brightness image and emitted light temperature measurement is applied to compute the plate-thickness direction temperature distribution of the weld zone, a heating control step in

Abstract: A method is disclosed for using welding electrodes with a spherically-domed welding face having concentric contoured features formed into the face for better contact with workpiece surfaces. The concentric contoured features may be initially formed by rotating a cutting tool with a contoured cutting edge, the cutting edge being in engagement with the electrode face. A similar practice may be followed to re-create the weld face surface geometry if it becomes eroded or malformed during welding use. A suitable tool may have a blade-like geometry, with a mounting portion for supporting and positioning the tool in a rotating holder and a cutting edge. The cutting edge may have a contour complementary to that of the weld face and extend at least from the center of the weld face to at least the radial extent of the concentric contoured features.

Abstract: Aluminum alloy workpieces and/or magnesium alloy workpieces are joined in a solid state weld by use of a reactive material placed, in a suitable form, at the joining surfaces. Joining surfaces of the workpieces are pressed against the interposed reactive material and heated. The reactive material alloys or reacts with the workpiece surfaces consuming some of the surface material in forming a reaction product comprising a low melting liquid that removes oxide films and other surface impediments to a welded bond across the interface. Further pressure is applied to expel the reaction product and to join the workpiece surfaces in a solid state weld bond.

Abstract: A case body (a first member) and a cap member (a second member) that have not been subjected to welding include a protrusion consisting of at least one of a first protrusion that protrudes from a first outer surface and a second protrusion that protrudes from a second outer surface when the case body and the cap member are assembled together such that the first outer surface is flush with the second outer surface. The protrusion is placed between the first outer surface and the second outer surface. In a condition where the first outer surface and second outer surface of the pre-welding case body and cap member are flush with each other, and the protrusion is placed between the first outer surface and the second outer surface, the protrusion is irradiated with a laser beam, so that the case body and the cap member are welded together with the protrusion providing a part of a weld.

Abstract: A processing information supply apparatus 10 is prepared for a laser processing apparatus for forming a modified region, which becomes a starting point of cutting, along a line to cut within an object to be processed by irradiating the object with laser light while locating a light-converging point within the object. The processing information supply apparatus 10 includes an object information input unit 12 for inputting processing object information on the object to be processed, a processing condition database 19 in which data on processing conditions corresponding to the processing object information is accumulated, a processing condition setting unit 16 for referring to the processing condition data in the database 19 and setting the processing condition for the object based on the processing object information, and a condition information output unit 13 for outputting processing condition information for the set processing condition.

Abstract: A method of sealing a surface crack in a member is provided includes steps of irradiating a region of the member at which the crack is produced with a heating laser beam so as to heat the region to a temperature lower than a melting point of the member, and then irradiating a region of the member at which the crack is produced with a welding laser beam subsequent to irradiation of the heating laser beam so as to heat the region to a temperature higher than or equal to the melting point of the member, thereby sealing an opening of the surface crack of the member.

Abstract: A method of welding a noble metal tip of a spark plug to an electrode is provided. In the method of welding, in a waveform of a power of a laser beam according to a time of the laser welding, a power of a central portion thereof is smaller than those of both end portions thereof. In addition, the waveform of the power of the laser beam according to a time of the laser welding is a trapezoidal waveform which includes: a rising portion in which the power of the laser beam is gradually increased; a power maintaining portion in which the power of the laser beam after the rising portion is maintained uniform; and a falling portion in which the power of the laser beam after the power maintaining portion is gradually decreased.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of polishing, cleaning and texturing back contacts of thin-film solar cells. According to various embodiments, the methods involve irradiating sites on the back contact with laser beams to remove contaminants and/or smooth the surface of the back contact. The back contact, e.g., a molybdenum, copper, or niobium thin-film, is smoothed prior to deposition of the absorber and other thin-films of the photovoltaic stack. In certain embodiments, laser polishing of the back contact is used to enhance the diffusion barrier characteristics of the back contact layer, with all or a surface layer of the back contact becoming essentially amorphous. In certain embodiments, the adhesion of the absorber layer is enhanced by the textured back contact and by the presence of the amorphous metal at the deposition surface.

Abstract: A method of transferring a device includes the steps of: arranging a first substrate, on which a device is provided with a release layer having a planar shape equal to or smaller than the device interposed therebetween, and a second substrate, on which an adhesive layer is provided, so as to be spaced from and opposite each other in a state where the device and the adhesive layer face each other; and irradiating a laser beam having an irradiation area larger than the base area of the release layer onto the entire surface of the release layer from the first substrate side so as to ablate the release layer, to separate the device from the first substrate, and to transfer the device on the second substrate.

Abstract: A laser mold removing method of the invention is for processing a composite material composed of a plurality of materials having different reflectances to a laser beam, and includes emitting laser beam in which a processing laser beam for processing the processing object and a measurement laser beam adapted to irradiate the processing object and having an output smaller than that of the processing laser beam are emitted, measuring a reflected light quantity of the measurement laser beam reflected by the processing object, and controlling based on the reflected light quantity.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a printed circuit board is disclosed. The method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention includes providing an insulation layer having a first area and a second area formed thereon, forming a solder resist layer on the insulation layer, in which the solder resist layer has a first opening formed thereon and the first opening exposes the first area, forming a first surface treatment layer on the first area inside the first opening, forming a second opening on the solder resist layer, in which the second opening exposes the second area, and forming a second surface treatment layer on the second area inside the second opening.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a welding booth that has a small foot print and can be joined to other booths for maximization of floor space use.

Abstract: The invention discloses an electrically heated window having minimised hot spots. The window comprises at least two plies of a glazing material having a ply of an interlayer material laminated therebetween. An array of heating wires is carried by one of the plies, the heating wires extending between a first electrical connection means and a second electrical connection means for supplying current through the wires, the first and second electrical connection means being substantially parallel to each other. The first electrical connection means is shaped so as to define a wire-free area to allow a data signal to be transmitted through the window to a device positioned in the vicinity of the wire-free area. The second electrical connection means is shaped to correspond to the first electrical connection means, such that the heating wires in the array have a substantially constant length.

Abstract: A handle device includes an inner handle having an outer periphery with two parallel, helical grooves each having first and second end sections at two ends of the outer periphery. The second end sections of the helical grooves meet with each other at a recessed connecting section including a projecting portion on an end of the outer periphery and having a receiving compartment in communication with the second end sections of the helical grooves. A heating wire extends through two through-holes in a wire seat formed on the other end of the outer periphery. The heating wire includes two wire sections respectively received in the helical grooves. The wire sections are interconnected to each other at a bend that is received in the receiving compartment. An outer handle is integrally formed around the outer periphery of the inner handle as a single monolithic piece.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing food, particularly in an aircraft, comprising of placing the food in a preparation space of an oven and heating the preparation space, wherein the outer side of the oven is cooled during the preparation. Cooling air can be forced for this purpose along the outer surface of the oven. This cooling air can also be forced through the oven, along the electronics present therein. The invention further relates to an oven, in particular for use in an aircraft, comprising a preparation space and means for heating the preparation space, and means for cooling the outer side of the oven. These cooling means can be adapted to force cooling air along the outer surface of the oven, and can in addition be adapted to force the cooling air through or along an electronics compartment in the oven.

Abstract: A steaming oven having a collector plate disposed in an oven chamber. A collector plate is disposed above a boiling water reservoir in the oven chamber. The collector plate has a drain tube inserted into an overfill tube. Waste material from the steam and food droppings is conveyed from the oven chamber via the drain tube and the overfill tube. A barrier shields one or more water level probes or sensors from water turbulence, thereby providing reliable water level sensing by the water level probes or sensors.