Abstract: A noise dampening energy efficient circuit board includes a carbon material layer for dampening electromagnetic interference between surface mount components and trace patterns of the circuit board. One or more ground plane layers are arranged relative to the carbon material layer to cooperatively dampen and repel noise of varying frequencies. The positioning of the carbon material layer with respect to the ground plane layer enhances the ground plane operation. Glass fiber material layers and other insulating dielectric layers are disposed at particular locations within the noise dampening energy efficient circuit board. The carbon material layer and the ground plane layer dampen electromagnetic noise, thereby permitting energy saving design considerations, increasing energy efficiencies and reducing power consumption. Mounting posts of the surface mount components include insulating sleeves to selectively insulate different layers of the circuit board from surface mount components.

Abstract: A multilayered wiring board having a stack structure multilayered by alternately stacking a plurality of conductor layers and a plurality of resin insulation layers, wherein a solder resist is provided on at least one of a first main surface side and a second main surface side of the stack structure, a plurality of openings are formed in an outermost resin insulation layer that contacts with the solder resist, a plurality of the first main surface side connecting terminals or a plurality of the second main surface side connecting terminals being made of a copper layer as a main component and positioned in a plurality of the openings, terminal outer surfaces being positioned inwardly from an outer surface of the outermost resin insulation layer, and the solder resist extends into the plurality of openings and makes contact with an outer circumference portion of each of the terminal outer surfaces.

Abstract: A wiring board includes a substrate having first and second surfaces, a first penetrating hole penetrating through the substrate, a first through-hole conductor formed on the inner wall of the first hole, a filler filled inside the first conductor and forming a second penetrating hole, and a second through-hole conductor formed in the second hole, a first conductive circuit on the first surface of the substrate, a second conductive circuit on the second surface of the substrate, a first conductive portion on one end of the second hole, and a second conductive portion on the opposite end of the second penetrating hole. The first conductor is connecting the first circuit and the second circuit. The second conductor is made of a conductive material filled in the second hole and is connecting the first conductive portion and the second conductive portion.

Abstract: A nail plate is attached to the outer surface of a wall stud to protect a utility from penetration by nails or other fasteners driven through a wall surface. The nail plate has a substantially rectangular shape with a width corresponding to the width of the stud. The nail plate has a first and second longitudinal ends with nail tabs for attaching the nail plate to the stud. The ends of the nail plate have at least one recess and at least one protruding portion where the protruding portion can mate with a recess of an adjacent nail plate is ganged together. The nail plates can have coupling members to couple a plurality of nail plates in series in an end to end fashion. The longitudinal ends of the nail plate enable the ends to abut each other with no open portions that can allow a fastener to pass though. In one embodiment the nail tabs extend in a longitudinal direction with respect to a longitudinal dimension of the nail plate.

Abstract: An electrical box described herein allows for separate wire connection areas for low voltage and line voltage wiring within a single box. The electrical box includes a voltage divider positioned within the box that divides the box into two distinct portions, thereby providing a low voltage wiring connection area that is separate from the line voltage wiring connection area. The electrical box also includes multiple knockouts, each covering an opening that provides a passageway from the interior of the box to the exterior of the box. At least one knockout and associated opening are positioned to provide access to the low voltage wiring connection area and another knockout and associate opening is positioned along to the box to provide access to the line voltage wiring connection area. The box provides an electrical junction for a luminaire, such as a downlight, or other electrical device.

Abstract: A circuit substrate for connection is used as a connecting member for electrically connecting a stator disposed inside a casing and a plurality of electric cables disposed outside the casing. A circuit substrate for connection is supported by a connecting member attachment. The connecting member attachment is molded using a circuit substrate for connection and a receptacle as inserts. Then, the circuit substrate for connection is disposed to pass through a wall portion of the casing in a thickness direction of the wall portion. The connecting member attachment is fixed onto the casing. Thus, the electric cables may be connected to the outside of the casing with a low-priced connecting structure.

Abstract: A pulse oximetry system for reducing the risk of electric shock to a medical patient can include physiological sensors, at least one of which has a light emitter that can impinge light on body tissue of a living patient and a detector responsive to the light after attenuation by the body tissue. The detector can generate a signal indicative of a physiological characteristic of the living patient. The pulse oximetry system may also include a splitter cable that can connect the physiological sensors to a physiological monitor. The splitter cable may have a plurality of cable sections each including one or more electrical conductors that can interface with one of the physiological sensors. One or more decoupling circuits may be disposed in the splitter cable, which can be in communication with selected ones of the electrical conductors. The one or more decoupling circuits can electrically decouple the physiological sensors.

Abstract: Provided are a sheathed wire that can be processed without being covered with a protective material, a sheathed wire with a terminal, and a method of producing a sheathed wire with a terminal. In a sheathed wire (10) including: a core (16) made of a conductor (12) covered with an insulator (14); and a sheath (18) covering the circumferential surface of the core (16), at least a part of the sheath (18) is provided slidably with respect to the core (16) in the axial direction of the core (16), and the slidable part of the sheath (18) has a slit (20) from the outer surface thereof to the inner surface thereof in a manner that the slit (20) extends in the axial direction.

Abstract: An ATX compatible power supply unit having at least one DC power outlet and at least one DC power cable, the DC power outlet configured to support nominal contact resistances of less than 2.5 milliohms per contact or the DC power cable configured to support series resistances of less than 4 milliohms per linear foot of individual conductor is disclosed.

Abstract: A downhole jarring tool includes a mandrel having a small diameter portion and a large diameter portion, a detent cylinder sealingly disposed around the mandrel forming an enclosure, a divider disposed in the enclosure between the mandrel and the detent cylinder, wherein the divider partitions the enclosure into a storage chamber and a metering chamber, and a metering system disposed around the mandrel. A method of applying an impact force using a downhole jarring tool includes moving a mandrel with respect to a detent cylinder by applying an axial force, positioning the mandrel such that a metering system disposed on the mandrel enters a reduced diameter portion of the detent cylinder, transmitting energy to an energy storing component disposed inside the detent cylinder, metering a fluid through the metering system, and accelerating the mandrel with respect to the detent cylinder.

Abstract: A pressurized fluid flow system for a normal circulation down-the-hole hammer comprises a cylinder coaxially disposed in between an outer casing and a piston that reciprocates due to changes in pressure of the pressurized fluid contained inside of a front chamber and a rear chamber located at opposites sides of the piston, wherein the flow into and out of these chambers is controlled solely by the overlap or relative position of the piston and the cylinder as a supply chamber and a discharge chamber defined by recesses on the inner surface of the outer casing and separated by a dividing wall control the flow of pressurized fluid in and out of the front and rear chambers the.

Abstract: An insertion coupling for a boring rod assembly with at least two coupling elements is disclosed. The coupling elements include at least one corresponding tapered coupling face pair constructed to produce play-free clamping when pressing forces are applied to the insertion coupling.

Abstract: A collapsible cutter bit or rock head for use with an underground auger boring machine has an expanded position for cutting rock in front of an underground pipe and a collapsed position for withdrawing the rock head through the underground pipe. The auger boring machine is configured to bore a passage through a body of soil and rock and simultaneously lay the underground pipe in the passage. Forward rotation of the cutter bit causes expansion while collapse of the cutter bit may be driven by reverse rotation of the cutter bit or another mechanism.

Abstract: A casing end tool has a mandrel and a body that is defined by a wall having an outer surface and an inner surface opposite of the outer surface. The body is fabricated from crystalline tungsten powder and a binder material. The inner surface includes a set of raised bosses or land structures. The body includes a plurality of blades on the outer surface. Each blade has a plurality of cutters. Blade channels and cutter channels on the blades enhance fragmentation of the body during drill out of the casing end tool.

Abstract: A method and device for weighing at least one object, particularly a mail item, includes a scale for weighing an object with a first tolerance in a first operating mode if the object has a first property and for weighing the object with a second tolerance in a second operating mode if the object has a second property. Before weighing an object in the first operating mode, it is checked for the first property. If it is not ruled out that the object has the first property, the scale weighs the object when the scale is operated in the first operating mode, and the measurement result is used as the weight of the object. Otherwise, the scale is switched to the second operating mode. The scale weighs the fed-in object again. If the object has the second property, the measured value is used as the weight of the object.

Abstract: The submarine phenomenon can be prevented and the accuracy of a passenger's weight measurement is improved. A vehicle seat includes a pair of fixed lower rails fixed on the floor of a passenger compartment, a pair of movable upper rails that are engaged with the fixed lower rails so as to be slidable in a front-and-rear direction with respect to each of the fixed lower rails, a sub frame which is disposed at an upper side of the movable upper rails, load sensors and that lie between the sub frame and the movable upper rails, brackets and which are disposed so as to erect them on each of the movable upper rails, and a submarine pipe 11 which is crossed between the brackets. The submarine pipe is disposed to be slidable in a left-and-right direction with respect to the right bracket.

Abstract: A weighing device for a bulk material conveyor, of the type that is included in the output of a tube for conveying a flow of bulk material, the device conducting the flow through the output and weighing in real time the amount of bulk material passing through the device, with the device comprising a load cell that is connected between a stationary plate and a movable plate, and a rotation sensor that records the revolutions of a rotating reference device that rotates under the effect of the flow of the bulk material passing through the weighing device.

Abstract: Force plate (1) having a plate-shaped carrier (2) which, when arranged vertically, has an upper carrier section (3) at the top in the vertical direction and a lower carrier section (4) at the bottom in the vertical direction. A first end carrier section (5) is connected, on the one hand, to the upper carrier section (3) via a vertical rod (7) and, on the other hand, to the lower carrier section (4) via a horizontally oriented spring element (6). That end of the lower carrier section (4) which faces away from the first end carrier section (5) is connected to the upper carrier section (3) via a horizontal rod (8). A second end carrier section (15) connects the horizontal rod (8) to the lower carrier section (4) via a vertically arranged spring element (16).

Abstract: A weight measurement device has a housing that includes a base, a platform located above the base and on which a subject is placed or stands, and a chamber defined by the base and the platform. At least one load cell is contained in the chamber and is supported by the base. A load transmission member is located between the platform and the load cell. A bracket is fixed to the base. An elastic deformation part is located around the load transmission member and connected to the bracket and to the load transmission member. The elastic deformation part has an elasticity that is greater than that of the load transmission member, and allows the load transmission member to change in position with respect to the bracket when force is transmitted from the platform via the load transmission member to the load cell.

Abstract: A remote control capable of indicating which electronic device controlled by the remote control is in use is provided. A remote control includes a microprocessor, a touch panel with a plurality of contact areas, and a state indication unit. Each of the contact areas is labeled with one color and each of the contact areas is configured to control one electronic device; the state indication unit is configured to indicate which of the electronic devices is in the on state; the microprocessor controls whether to turn on one electronic device based on the contact operation on each of the contact areas, and directs the state indication unit to display the color of the determined contact areas in relation to the electronic devices.

Abstract: Method for controlling a vehicle that includes a support, at least one wheel, a platform coupled to the at least one wheel, a coupling structure having a support portion coupled to the support and a platform portion coupled to the platform that allows the support portion to move or slide fore and aft with respect to the platform portion, an actuator coupled to the coupling structure to control the position of the support portion relative to the platform portion, a drive coupled to the at least one wheel to deliver power to the at least one wheel to propel the vehicle and maintain the platform level, and a controller coupled to the drive to control the drive and coupled to the actuator to control the actuator.

Abstract: A gasoline engine powered snowboard having an endless track trained about a support frame containing driven and idler wheels. Engine operation is directed from an upright operator support column. A molded chassis is hinge coupled to pivot about alternative contoured track support pan assemblies. The pan support assemblies cooperate with flexible track surfaces (e.g. fringe or pleat members) and foot supports to enable steering with foot and body movements. A lower support pan exhibits convex edge surfaces that contact track pleats or fringe pieces and includes an elliptic longitudinal channel. Alternative upper support pans provide a reciprocating wheeled steering plate, longitudinal drive lug channels and contoured snow diversion surfaces and/or an agitator. Internal track surfaces include UHMW pieces at or aligned to the drive lugs. Ground contact lugs exhibit traction promoting and snow clearing contoured profiles, shapes and recesses.

Abstract: A power assist apparatus for powering a manual wheelchair may include one or more wheels, one or more motors that drives the one or more wheels, a remote operable to control the one or more motors, and a connector operable to attach to the manual wheelchair. The power assist apparatus may be quickly and easily attached to, and removed from a manual wheelchair.

Abstract: [Task] Provided is a vehicle that can make tight turns without significantly changing an attitude of a rider, and is highly convenient in narrow places. [Solution] A omni-directional one-wheeled vehicle comprises a vehicle body (7) and a secondary wheel (35) configured to contact a ground surface at a point displaced from a contact point of a driven road wheel (2).

Abstract: A hybrid electric drive system is provided for driving a medium or heavy duty vehicle. The drive system includes an internal combustion engine configured as the primary source of motive power. The engine is coupled to a front-most axle and a first drive shaft in mechanical communication with a middle drive axle. The drive system also includes an electric motor and a clutch assembly; and a second driveshaft in mechanical communication with the electric motor and a rear-most drive axle. When the electric motor is not in active operation, the clutch assembly disengages the electric motor from the rear-most drive axle.

Abstract: A chassis (1) for a motor vehicle has an electrical axle (2) with two electrical machines (4) for respectively driving two wheels (6). The chassis (1) also has a step-down gear mechanism (10, 11) arranged between the respective electrical machine and the associated wheel. Each step-down gear mechanism is connected to the respective wheel by a cardan shaft. The respective rotation axes (5, 5) of the two electrical machines are arranged parallel and next to one another. The chassis enables each wheel to be mounted in a non-rigid manner and permits the overall length of the electrical machines to be varied on account of the arrangement of the rotation axes of the electrical machines.

Abstract: A vehicle radiator structure includes a radiator core, a first fluid tank, a second fluid tank, a first lift assist contact member and a second lift assist contact member. The radiator core has a cooling fin portion. The first and second fluid tanks are fluidly coupled to the radiator core. The first lift assist contact member extends from the first fluid tank with at least a portion of the first lift assist contact member being disposed directly vertically beneath the first fluid tank in a vehicle installed position of the vehicle radiator structure. The second lift assist contact member is separate and spaced apart from the first lift assist contact member, and extends from the second fluid tank with at least a portion of the second lift assist contact member being in lateral alignment with the first lift assist contact member and the radiator core.

Abstract: A safety interlock system for hand operated vehicle accelerator control systems is disclosed which permits a hand operated accelerator control system to be immobilized so that it cannot be activated unintentionally or accidentally by an individual operator who is not familiar with a vehicle so equipped. The safety interlock system may be selectively activated by the vehicle operator manually directly by mechanical means or remotely by means of a switch-controlled hydraulic, pneumatic or electrical activator. An indicator system is provided which indicates the status of the safety interlock system to the vehicle operator.

Abstract: An off-road vehicle is disclosed having a frame (32), at least four wheels (36, 38) suspended from the frame (32), a left seat (40B), a right seat (40A), an engine (48) mounted to a middle portion (62) of the frame (32), and a console (70) mounted on the middle portion of the frame (62) laterally between the left seat (40B) and the right seat (40B). The console (70) covers the upper portion of the engine (48) and defines a central cooling tunnel (88) extending forwardly and rearwardly of the engine (48) which tunnels air flow around the engine (48) for cooling the later. The off-road vehicle also features a passageway in front of the central cooling tunnel, and a fan aligned with the passageway to increase air flow through the central cooling tunnel (70) when required.

Abstract: An in-the-wheel hub-less suspension system for use on a vehicle is disclosed. The suspension mechanism has at least two vertical guides; at least two mounting brackets to be affixed to diametrically opposing positions on the rim of the wheel to which the suspension system is to be attached; at least one shock absorber unit; and one spring for each vertical guide. Each of the vertical guides extends through one of the at least one shock absorber units, wherein the spring for each vertical guide is located underneath the at least one shock absorber unit and encloses the vertical guide; and wherein each end of each of the at least two vertical guides engages with the corresponding mounting bracket.

Abstract: A power steering device is mounted on a vehicle and includes a variable transmission ratio mechanism, a torque applying unit, and an applied friction torque changing unit. The torque applying unit sets an applied friction torque applied to the steering wheel and performs a control of applying the applied friction torque to the steering wheel. The applied friction torque changing unit changes the applied friction torque based on the transmission ratio of the variable transmission ratio mechanism.

Abstract: Systems and methods for creating sound bullets are described. Such sound bullets are created by controlling and/or redirecting highly nonlinear acoustic waves or pulses propagating through an array of actuators. The controlling and/or redirecting of the acoustic waves or pulses is achieved though methods such as applying pre-compressive forces to the array of actuators or by selection of size, shape and/or material of the actuators.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a suction muffler for a hermetic compressor which reduces noise of refrigerant. A plate film operating as a kind of flow resistance is provided on a refrigerant suction passage in various shapes and specific positions. Therefore, the suction muffler can effectively reduce pressure pulsation transferred to the outside and guarantee flow efficiency, although the refrigerant is directly sucked thereinto.

Abstract: An exhaust device of an internal combustion engine for reducing exhaust sound and for suppressing the occurrence of a torque valley. A sound-deadening and pressure-dissipating device connected to the downstream end of an exhaust pipe includes a spherical member having an opening portion opening toward a downstream edge of the exhaust pipe. Exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe is reflected by an inner spherical surface of the spherical member to reduce exhaust pressure in the spherical member and then is discharged from the opening portion.

Abstract: A load monitoring system (14) is provided for a mobile work platform that includes an operator platform (6), a base (2) and a lift mechanism (5) for lifting the operator platform relative to the base. The load monitoring system includes a load cell (12) for monitoring the load on the operator platform (6) and a control device (16) for controlling operation of the work platform, wherein the control device (16) is constructed and arranged to sense and monitor both static and dynamic loads on the operator platform.

Abstract: The present invention is a light weight, packable ladder stand generally used for hunting. It is made of aluminum parts and can be folded, demounted or slid into a back pack configuration that weighs about thirty pounds with an aluminum ladder. The weight may be further reduced in alternate ladder configurations, such as reinforced plastic ladder. The ladder stand can be anchored to the tree by a single person from the ground location without having to climb the ladder. This allows the deer stand to be easily transported and installed by a lone hunter without climbing the ladder prior to securing the ladder to the tree.

Abstract: A scaffold includes a first end frame assembly. The scaffold includes a second end frame assembly. The scaffold includes a first side brace assembly supported by the first end frame assembly and the second end frame assembly. The scaffold includes a second side brace assembly supported by the first end frame assembly and the second end frame assembly. Each end frame assembly has a first rail with holes and a caster assembly and a second rail with holes and a caster assembly, and a horizontal that is attached to each rail. Each side brace assembly has a locking pin in proximity to each end which engages with a hole in a respective rail, and an associated guard disposed about each pin. Each locking pin has a handle which has a length that extends below the associated guard on an interior side of the guard. A method for a scaffold.

Abstract: A step tool has front and rear leg tubes, a bottom and top footplate, a connection device for connecting the footplate and the leg tubes, a lock catch device of the top footplate. The front leg tubes are joined to the rear leg tubes rotatably. The foreside of the top footplate joins to the front leg tubes rotatably. A rail is fixed on the rear leg tubes. The lock catch is disposed on the top footplate and is detachedly connected to the rail. The lock catch device includes two connecting ears, a rotation axis, a lock catch and a torsion spring.

Abstract: A dual-use ladder and bridge modular system preferably includes tubes, gussets, flanges, and/or joints. In a preferred embodiment, the tubes, gussets, flanges, and/or joints are made of carbon fiber. A method connects and disconnects modular carbon fiber ladder segments. Another method creates a lightweight carbon-fiber beam with exceptionally high stiffness and strength using a combination of carbon-fiber braid material, uni-directional cloth, and pultruded carbon-fiber strips. A carbon fiber ladder segment and tube connectors are also disclosed.

Abstract: A fall arrest block has a drum (40) on which a lifeline is wound and from which the line can be drawn off or drawn back on, as the work man moves towards and away from the block. One end of the lifeline is permanently secured to the drum, and the drum has sockets (50) for securing ends of more than one different type of lifeline. The block also has a brake (24) in the form of a sealed unit which can be removed and replaced with a fresh unit, when servicing of the brake is required.

Abstract: A lift truck includes a secondary rechargeable energy storage device on a vertically movable platform that is separate from a primary rechargeable energy storage device on the lift truck's main tractor unit without the use of wires or hoses for transfer of power or controls between the main tractor unit and the platform. The quantity of energy stored in the secondary rechargeable energy storage device is sufficient to power platform electrical loads for a predetermined amount of time until the platform is lowered. When the platform is lowered, the secondary rechargeable energy storage device is recharged by the primary energy storage device.

Abstract: The invention relates to elevator systems, in which a number of elevators operate in the same hoistway. The elevator system comprises at least one shuttle elevator and at least two local elevators, the elevator-cars of which are arranged to travel in the same elevator hoistway such that they can serve at least one shared transfer floor of a transfer level. The control system of the elevator system receives destination calls given from a destination call appliance, forms a plurality of route alternatives and allocates a destination call to one or more elevators by selecting the best route alternative. When allocating a destination call, the control system takes into account that the elevator cars of the local elevators that travel in the same elevator hoistway cannot simultaneously be at a shared transfer floor in cases in which the route alternative comprises a part-trip with a local elevator and a change of elevator at a shared transfer floor.

Abstract: A pneumatic disc brake has a caliper which straddles a brake disc, brake pads pressable against the brake disc, wherein a brake-application-side brake pad can be actuated by a brake lever of a brake application device pivotable about an eccentric axis. Against the end side, the brake lever bears a brake ram which is coupled at the other side to the brake pad or to a guide plate coupled thereto. Two pressure rams are aligned in the same direction and spaced apart from the brake ram. The pressure rams are connected in each case to the caliper and to the brake pad or to the guide plate and have a self-energizing device. The caliper has spherical-cap-shaped bearing receptacles in which rest corresponding plain bearing elements, by which the brake lever, and the pressure rams are supported on the caliper.

Abstract: A pneumatic disc brake includes a caliper which straddles a brake disc, brake pads pressable against the brake disc and a rotary lever actuated brake application device, and a self-energizing mechanism. The brake lever is pivotable about an eccentric axis by a broke cylinder plunger. A self-energizing factor is selected to ensure that the brake automatically releases after braking events. The brake lever is supported on a spherical bearing element mounted to the caliper and forming the eccentric axis. The brake lever bears against a bearing ball which is arranged above the bearing element in the direction of the plunger engagement point, which bearing ball is positioned in a brake ram coupled to the brake pad.

Abstract: A combined service brake and spring brake cylinder for vehicle brake systems, includes a service brake piston and a spring brake piston. A sealing assembly is located in a central bore of a partition and seals off the interior of the service brake cylinder from the interior of the spring brake cylinder. The radial outer peripheral surface of the spring brake piston has an additional sealing assembly for sealing off a spring chamber. At least one of the sealing assemblies contains a guide ring that guides the spring brake piston rod in the bore of the partition, or the spring brake piston in the spring brake cylinder. The guide ring consists of a more rigid material than that of at least one sealing element. The sealing element consists of an elastomer that is connected to the guide ring by original forming methods such as injection molding or transfer molding.

Abstract: There is provided an air damper including: a tubular cylinder 1 in which both end portions are opened; a piston 2 which moves within the cylinder 1; and a cap 3 which closes a one-end opening of the cylinder 1, wherein the cylinder 1 has an annular seal surface 4 formed on a circumferential surface of the one-end opening, wherein the cap is mounted on the one-end opening side of the cylinder 1 so as to be moveable or deformable along an axial direction of the cylinder 1, wherein the cap is brought into contact with or separated from the seal surface in accordance with a pressure change due to a movement of the piston 2 within the cylinder 1, and wherein a first orifice 14 is opened in a base plate 12 of the cap, characterized in that: a second orifice having an inlet area smaller than the first orifice is defined between the cap 3 and the cylinder 1 during an operation of the first orifice 14.

Abstract: A shock strut includes a relief device that reduces the internal pressure within a sealed chamber of the shock strut when a load condition that exceeds a maximum operating load condition is encountered. The reduced pressure permits a telescopically moving piston of the shock strut to be received into a corresponding cylinder to an amount that increases the structural capability of the shock strut, especially with respect to applied side loads that generate bending and shearing stresses in the shock strut. In one embodiment, the reduced pressure permits the piston to “bottom out” relative to the cylinder, which is a condition not otherwise achievable without the relief device. This additional stroke achievable by the piston reduces or eliminates the need to reinforce and thus add weight to the shock strut because of higher load condition design requirements.

Abstract: A piston connected to a piston rod is fitted in a cylinder having a hydraulic oil sealed therein. Flows of hydraulic oil induced in extension and compression passages and by sliding movement of the piston are controlled by extension and compression damping force generating mechanisms, respectively, to generate damping force. In the extension and compression damping force generating mechanisms, the hydraulic oil is introduced into back pressure chambers through back pressure introducing passages, respectively, and the opening of relief valves is controlled by the pressures in the back pressure chambers, respectively. The inner peripheral portions of the relief valves are supported from their rear sides by support members to provide gaps on the front sides of the relief valves, respectively. When the relief valves open, their inner peripheral edge portions move within the gaps pivotally about the support members as fulcrums, respectively.

Abstract: A piston coupled with a piston rod is inserted in a cylinder sealingly containing operating fluid. A substantially circular outer seat, an inner seat, disk support portions, an intermediate seat are provided on the lower end surface of the piston. The disk support portions are disposed between the outer seat and the inner seat. The intermediate seat is disposed between the disk support portions and the outer seat. The protruding height of the disk support portion is shorter than the protruding height of the outer seat, and equal to or taller than the protruding height of the inner seat. The protruding height of the intermediate seat is shorter than the protruding height of the outer seat, and equal to or taller than the protruding height of the disk support portions.

Abstract: A resonant inertial force generator for controlling vibrations of a structure includes a compliant spring comprising a stack of flexures and elastomeric shims in alternating arrangement, a driven inertial mass coupled to the compliant spring to generate a vibration controlling force.