Abstract: A weapon grip assembly for mating with a weapon without tools is provided. The assembly generally includes a handle, a weapon interface supported by the handle, and an actuator operatively engageable in furtherance of securely affixing the weapon interface to a lower portion of an unaltered handguard of the weapon. The weapon interface generally includes a mount body, and an actuatable locking structure reversibly extendible from the mount body via operative engagement of the actuator.

Abstract: An automatic or semiautomatic rifle having a receiver and a bolt carrier movably coupled to the receiver. An action system is connected to the bolt carrier for cycling the bolt carrier in the receiver. A receiver extension is connected to the receiver, at least part of the action system extending into the receiver extension. A folding stock is connected to the receiver. The receiver extension is located within the folding stock.

Abstract: A system, a firing apparatus and method for disrupting at least one electrical component of an explosive device are provided. The system has an electrical cartridge, the firing apparatus and an initiator. The electrical cartridge has a projectile at an end thereof deployable into the electrical component(s). The firing apparatus has a barrel, a breech and an electrical contact. The barrel has a firing end aimable toward the electrical component, and a passage therein for receiving the electrical cartridge. The breech is operatively connectable to the barrel. The electrical contact is positionable in the breech in operative contact with the electrical cartridge. The electrical contact is operatively connectable to the initiator. The initiator selectively provides an electrical signal to the electrical cartridge via the electrical contact whereby the electrical cartridge may be activated to deploy the projectile from the firing end of the barrel.

Abstract: A dampened recoil rest for supporting a rifle for enabling a shooter to operate the rifle with adjustable attenuation of recoil felt by the shooter, eliminating damage to the rifle by progressively absorbing or attenuating recoil, with the sight remaining on the target thereby eliminating a need to reacquire the target, without having to add additional weight to absorb the recoil, and with comfortable transfer of the recoil from the rifle to the shooter's shoulder. The rest includes a stationary base assembly, a rotating base assembly, a recoil attenuating assembly, and a rifle support assembly. The stationary base assembly is for attaching to a bench top. The rotating base assembly is rotatably attached to the stationary base assembly. The recoil attenuating assembly is operatively connected to the rotating base assembly. The rifle support assembly is operatively connected to the recoil attenuating assembly and is for supporting the rifle.

Abstract: An adjustable recoil reducing shooting rest disclosed. The shooting rest may be adjusted to absorb differing amounts of recoil from various rifles to prevent rifle bounce that may add to aim inaccuracy. The user may also adjust both the horizontal and vertical aim of the rifle to consistently aim at the same location after multiple shots. The shooting rest may be secured to an unmodified support surface, and the rest consistently supports the butt stock of the rifle regardless of the vertical angle of the rest.

Abstract: An aiming apparatus for shotguns, that aids in maintaining correct head position and alignment of the aiming eye with the rib of the shotgun. Warning sight elements are positioned below the upper edges of the rib and forward of rearwardly located blinders, so that the warning sight elements are obscured when the aiming eye is correctly positioned level with the upper surface of the rib but become visible when the aiming eye are incorrectly raised to an elevated position. The warning sight elements also emerge from behind sides of the blinders if the aiming eye is moved laterally to a position offset from the rib. A centerline aiming element is positioned atop the rib and is visible through an aperture when the aiming eye is in the correct position, but becomes obscured when the aiming eye is moved upwardly or laterally out of the correct position. The warning and aiming sight elements are formed of rods of light-gathering optic fiber and have contrasting colors, preferably red/orange and green.

Abstract: A system for achieving multi-axis angular alignment of devices includes a monolithic mount. The mount includes three sections arranged along a longitudinal axis. The first two sections are connected by two flexures that constrain the second section to rotate in relation to the first section in a first rotational degree of freedom. The second and third sections are connected by flexures that constrain the third section to rotate in relation to the second section in a second rotational degree of freedom. The first and second rotational degrees of freedom are different. Actuating screws contact bearing surfaces on the mount to actuate the rotations.

Abstract: A bird repellent apparatus having an integral base member and a plurality of prongs. The base member, by means of a plurality of tabs having holes for receiving screws or other fasteners, can be affixed to virtually any desired surface. The plurality of prongs with sharp tips presents an impossible barrier to birds that would otherwise land or perch on the surface to which the present invention is affixed. The combined base member and prongs are formed from injection molded plastic structure that also provide the tabs having holes to secure the base member to the underlying surface.

Abstract: This invention includes a Remotely-operated Electronic Rotatable Decoy Stand designed to support and impart rotational motion to a male turkey decoy. The remotely-operated electronic rotatable decoy stand is removably coupled to a male turkey decoy and is controlled directly by a human observer through activation of an electronic emitting remote fob. When operated, the fob imparts a single signal to the rotatable decoy stand. Upon receipt of the signal, the rotatable decoy stand rotates the coupled decoy at a rotational speed equal to that of a male turkey when presenting and rotating in its natural strutting display. Bi-directional rotation of the decoy is dependent upon the signal direction chosen by the human observer. When positioned in a location likely to be observed by the turkey, the rotational motion provides a method of attracting turkeys.

Abstract: A fishing lure having a bent half-moon shape body. The top portion of the fishing lure has a plurality of attachments points for hooks and lines and circular stamp resembling an eye. The bottom portion of the fishing lure is angled relative to the top portion.

Abstract: A ceiling system includes a number of longitudinal beams and/or transverse beams to be arranged in longitudinal arrangement and/or transverse arrangement in a building space, a number of ceiling panels to be arranged on the longitudinal and/or transverse beams, and at least one insect catching device, which: a horizontal holder supported by the transverse beams and/or longitudinal beams; one or more electrical lamps for emitting ultraviolet light to the surrounding area for the purpose of attracting insects; a connecting element for connecting the lamp to the domestic mains supply; and a fixing element for fixing insects attracted by the light.

Abstract: A seed sampling system includes a seed transport configured to hold multiple individual seeds together as a group and transport the multiple individual seeds together as the group, and to allow the multiple individual seeds to be oriented, substantially simultaneously, while the multiple individual seeds are being held in the seed transport. The seed sampling system also includes a seed sampling subsystem configured to remove tissue from the oriented multiple individual seeds. And, a method for removing tissue from the multiple individual seeds includes loading the multiple individual seeds in the seed transport, orienting the multiple individual seeds in the seed transport substantially simultaneously, and removing tissue from the oriented multiple individual seeds.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems and methods for aquaculture. In one embodiment, the system includes a plurality of cultivation areas, a collection area, a pump for returning the culture from the collection areas to at least one of the cultivation areas and a delivery system for providing gases and/or nutrients to the culture. Also disclosed is a method for regulating water temperature of an aquaculture including circulating a culture through a system described herein, and storing the culture in the collection area or at least one of the cultivation areas for at least a portion of a 24 hour period.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for hanging a load from awnings, ceilings or wall brackets, for example a planter or other item to be suspended but selectively lowered. The load is suspended from a cord that is constantly urged to a wound up position on a spool held above the load. The load can be lowered by overcoming the winding force. Optionally, the load can be fixed over a range of lowered positions. In one example, a wedge clamps the cord in any of a range of extended lengths to set different heights of the load. Optionally, the spool can be enclosed. The planter easily and in a controlled manner can be lowered against the winding force with relatively little manual pulling force on the planter. But also, the planter can easily and in a controlled manner by assisted when raised by relatively little manual lifting force.

Abstract: A preformed decorative wrapper for covering a flower pot has an open upper end, an open lower end, and a sidewall extending therebetween. At least a portion of the preformed decorative wrapper extends beyond an upper end of the pot and at least a portion of a lower end of the flower pot extends through the open lower end of the preformed decorative wrapper.

Abstract: Systems for the construction of a variety of planting configurations are disclosed. Some of the disclosed embodiments may be equally applicable for products such as shelving systems. The systems may include various shaped troughs and support surfaces and various methods of assembling the same. The various components and resulting configurational possibilities disclosed provides the user with functionality and aesthetic possibilities never before available, and is well suited for both commercial and residential applications. The device may also be made to be foldable or collapsible in nature. As such, the unit may be folded and stored when not in use so that the device does not take up space when it is to be stored. And is equally easy to unfold and put into use when it is to be used.

Abstract: A light-control assembly including a modular beam with a plurality of adjacent circular bores separated by web portions, at least two bearing members each having an annular ring dimensioned to fit within the bores with non-interfering flanges extending radially outwardly from the rings mounted in the bores, and a series of light-controlling members mounted in the bearing members.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved sash window including a window frame (1) containing two sashes (2 and 3) which are disposed in the same first vertical plane in the closed window position. The lower sash (3) is connected to a counterweight mechanism (8) enabling same to move vertically in the window frame (1). The window also includes scissor mechanisms (9) which are guided between the jambs (4) of the window frame (1) in order to move the lower sash (3) horizontally forward from the first vertical plane in which the window is closed to a second vertical plane in which the window is open or vice versa. The lower sash is maintained in the open position by means of blocking elements (24, 25) and is moved vertically with the aid of the counterweight mechanism (8).

Abstract: A tilt-up door for a building having a relatively wide door opening having a door frame including top and bottom horizontal members and vertical side members connected to the top and bottom horizontal members. The vertical side members can have a horizontally extending pivot shaft tube positioned between the top and bottom horizontal members, and outwardly extending cam followers adjacent to the top horizontal member. U-shaped channels can extend vertically along opposite sides of the door opening with the U-shaped channels facing each other and the door opening. The U-shaped channels can have generally horizontal track members extending from the top edge of the door opening and the horizontal tracks can have a curved cam surface. Carriages each including a horizontal pivot shaft journal can be positioned in the U-shaped channels for vertical movement in the U-shaped channels.

Abstract: The slide door assembly includes a lower rail provided on a chassis; a lower roller bracket mounted on a slide door and slidably engaged with the lower rail, the lower roller bracket having a roller; an interlock stopper mounted on one side of the lower roller bracket and pivoting to protrude toward the lower rail when a window pane is opened; a locking device mounted on the other side of the lower roller bracket; and a safety device for holding the slide door in an open state, the safety device being locked to the locking device by the interlock stopper when the slide door with the opened window pane is opened. In the case where the slide door is opened, with the window pane being opened to a certain height, the slide door is locked substantially at a three-quarter point by the safety device.

Abstract: A door plug for securing a pre-hung door in a fixed, closed position relative to a door jamb assembly during shipping, delivery, and/or installation is provided. The door plug includes a bolt member and a fastener. The bolt member can include a collar and a shaft extending from the collar. The shaft can include a bore along a longitudinal axis and a first engaging portion distributed along the bore. The fastener can include a head and a shank extending from the flange. The shank can extend into the bore of the bolt member for sufficient engagement between the first and second engaging portions. The fastener and the bolt member are adapted to permit the fastener to be slidably inserted into the bore of the bolt member in a longitudinal direction without screwing, and adapted to inhibit the fastener from being pulled from the bore in an opposite longitudinal direction.

Abstract: The compressive strength of a fluid-pressurized structure is combined with the tensile strength of interior members to maintain the geometric shape of a structure used to provide support with very low mass. These compressed fluid building structures can be combined with other traditional construction materials in creating columns, beams and other structural support elements.

Abstract: Work crews temporarily operating in remote areas can be subject to dangers such as tornados, hurricanes and explosive blast waves. A re-deployable mobile aboveground protective shelter suitable for use in such environments utilizes retractable stabilizing arms and/or structures that leverage air pressure differential to resist uplift, overturning and sliding. Because the protective shelter does not rely exclusively upon excessive weight to counter wind forces, the protective shelter can be quickly, easily and inexpensively redeployed to new sites.

Abstract: An under deck drainage system for use with a deck. The system includes at least one starter strip mounted to one or more joists of the deck, a plurality of clips coupled with the starter strip, where the clips are slidable along the starter strip. The system further includes an elongate channel member coupled with at least one of the plurality of clips, and the elongate channel member has at least one channel therein.

Abstract: A riser formed from a plurality of curved cylindrical segments with vertical side edges having mating vertically tapered projections and slots brought into interlocking engagement to pull confronting surfaces together as the tapered elements become increasingly mechanically engaged. The segments are assembled by a sliding engagement of the protruding mating element of one segment into the vertically tapered slot of an adjacent segment. When sufficient segments are joined together horizontally to complete a ring except for a last adjacent pair of vertical side edges, the ring is warped to align the protruding mating element of the last adjacent pair of vertical side edges with an opposite end of the adjacent tapered slot. Thus aligned, the final protruding mating element and tapered slot are then slipped together while un-warping the joined segments forming the remainder of the ring until the top and bottom ends of all the segments are aligned.

Abstract: A panel with a bracket is used to install a component to a wallboard. The panel is inserted into an opening to a wallboard, and the junction between the panel and the wallboard is taped and spackled so that the wallboard and panel appear to be a single object. When the component is fully coupled to the bracket, the front of the component is slightly recessed from the front of the panel. A component cover could then be inserted into the newly created recess so that the component appears to be completely flush with the wallboard.

Abstract: A roof mount assembly mounts a structure to a roof having a rafter and a substrate supported by the rafter. The roof mount assembly includes a piece of flashing positioned on the substrate. The flashing includes a first surface, a second surface opposite the first surface and an aperture extending through the flashing. A fastener extends through the flashing aperture. A bracket is connected to the flashing via the fastener, and the bracket is sized to support at least one roof-mounted structure on the roof. A seal is positioned between the flashing aperture and the fastener. The seal is sized to form a water-tight seal with the aperture to inhibit flow of fluid through the aperture. The seal includes a first portion and a second portion, in which the first portion is positioned to abut the flashing first surface and the second portion is positioned to extend through the aperture.

Abstract: A hard side shelter is convertible between transport and deployed modes. When in the transport mode, the shelter has an envelope identical to an ISO-cargo container. A side section floor and cover are each connected to the center section for rotating between being coplanar with the center section floor and roof when in the deployed mode, and being vertical and lying in a center section side planes when in a transport mode. Each side section has end and middle panels that are turnable relative to each other, and a door assembly that is turnable relative to the middle panels. Locking bars engaged the center section floor when the shelter is in a transport mode, and engage the side section floors when the shelter is in the deployed mode. The shelter is handleable by pallet handling systems and includes insulation panels to enhance the heat transfer characteristics of the shelter.

Abstract: A telescopic boom broadly comprises an elongated hollow outer boom, an elongated inner boom telescopically received within the outer boom, and a guidance structure for guiding the inner boom for telescopic movement is provided. The guidance structure includes a plurality of guide rails attached to the interior corners of the outer boom, a first roller assembly attached to one end of the inner boom, a second roller assembly attached to one end of the outer boom, and a mid roller assembly positioned proximal to the second roller assembly. The first roller assembly includes a plurality of wheels mounted on axles for engaging the guide rails. The second roller assembly includes a pair of roller bars positioned on opposed sides of one end of the outer boom for guiding the inner boom during telescopic movement. The mid roller assembly includes a third roller bar that engages guide rails positioned on the inner boom.

Abstract: A concealed mounting system for columbarium shutters and the like. The mounting system includes a top clip and bottom hangers secured to a back side of the shutter. Vertically spaced upper and lower tracks are disposed behind the shutter at its upper end and a lower end. Each track includes a forwardly extending channel and a downwardly extending channel. A locking screw is received within apertures disposed substantially perpendicular to the forwardly extending channel. A nut threadably receives the locking screw and is disposed in the forwardly extending channel, whereby upon rotation of the nut, the locking screw is caused to move vertically with respect to a bottom edge of the upper track for engagement and disengagement with the top clip. The bottom hangers are operably supported by the lower track.

Abstract: A wind turbine has a nacelle mounted atop a tower, with a support system configured around a base portion of the tower. The support system includes a plurality of support fins spaced radially around the base portion. Each of the support fins has a continuous header member secured to the tower and a continuous face member extending radially outward and downward from the header member towards ground. The support fins include a web extending between the header member and face member. The support fins extend from the tower with a length and at an acute extension angle relative to a longitudinal axis of the tower so as to provide vertical and lateral support around the circumference of the tower.

Abstract: A rooftop photovoltaic module mounting system includes a footer and a photovoltaic module mounting framework.

Abstract: A supporting clasp which supports a securing member for securing a roof-installed object to be installed on a roof includes a bottom portion having a substantially rectangular shape which is secured onto a roof material through a base member, plate-form installing pieces which extend to the upper side from two sides of the bottom portion, which are opposed to each other, and which enable the securing member to be installed on upper edges of the installing pieces, and plate-form holding pieces which extend to the upper side from two sides of the bottom portion, which are substantially perpendicular to the two sides from which the installing pieces extend, so as to be higher than the installing pieces, are coupled to the installing pieces in a continuous manner at lower positions with respect to the upper edges of the installing pieces, and are capable of holding the securing member in a state where upper portions of the holding pieces with respect to the installing pieces nip the securing member.

Abstract: A protecting wall board assembly for houses, including two “?” shaped column and a plurality of hollow flat plates. The “?” shaped column has a guiding slot and corresponding first arm and second arm. The first arm is connected with a bent section. The second arm is connected with a protruding rib. Corresponding first engaging portion and second engaging portion are provided on an upper end portion and a lower end portion of the hollow flat plate. A plurality of hollow flat plates are accommodated in the guiding slot of the two “?” shaped column, and are fixedly joined together with the first and second engaging portions. The hollow flat plates are fixed between the bent section and the protrusion tube. The parts are of simple structure, can be easily manufactured, assembled, and disassembled, and can be used for the windows and doors having different widths and heights.

Abstract: A window includes a window frame adapted to be secured to a building, a window sash, and a plurality of sash clips disposed around the sash and fixedly securing the sash to the frame. Each of the sash clips preferably includes a base secured in fixed position to the window frame and a head received in the window sash. The window frame and the sash preferably have peripheral rails of extruded aluminum, plastic or fiber-reinforced resin construction, and the base and head of the sash clips are received in corresponding channels on the window frame and the window sash. The base and/or the head of the sash of each sash clip may include opposed flexible resilient spring legs received in a channel in the corresponding rail. The sash clips may be of plastic construction.

Abstract: The sealing fin is elongated, and includes a central fin portion intersecting a crosspiece portion perpendicular thereto, thus generally forming a “T” shape in a preferred embodiment and an “L” shape in another. The sealing fin may be folded into a flat position and easily rolled. In one aspect of the present invention, the sealing fin has an adhesive layer on one or more surfaces. In another aspect of the present invention, the sealing fin is rigid. In another aspect of the present invention, the sealing fin has a rectangular configuration with a hinged portion. The invention provides a method to install a sealing fin in a continuous fashion around a window or door opening.

Abstract: A device for tensioning a dual-skin flexible wall capable of interaction with at least one rigid mount, the device being mounted at the opposite edges of two skins to be retained by the rigid mount. The device includes a cord designed to interact with a groove formed in the rigid mount, and an inflatable bead capable of spacing the two skins away from and parallel to each other. Once inflated, the inflatable bead has a substantially cylindrical shape and remains confined outside the volume occupied by the rigid mount.

Abstract: A fastening device for curtain wall units includes a first clamping plate, a second clamping plate fixed to the first clamping plate and spaced apart from the first clamping plate, a first support plate positioned between the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate, and a second support plate hinged to the first support plate and configured to support the curtain wall units.

Abstract: A framing system for a new or existing wall, structure and/or the like is provided that uses just one type of unit or member for various framing applications, namely serving as a framing stud and framing plate or track—i.e. a universal framing unit. The universal framing unit is formed from a single piece of metal as a three-wall member having a front wall, a first lateral wall, and a second lateral wall. The first lateral wall is continuous with a first lateral side of the front wall via a first curved transition so as to be generally perpendicular relative to the front wall, while the second lateral wall is continuous with a second lateral side of the front wall via a second curved transition so as to be generally perpendicular relative to the front wall. A first slot is formed in the first curved transition and extends from a first end of the universal framing unit a first length along the first curved transition.

Abstract: A joint apparatus and method of assembly is disclosed for connecting building components such as panels, door jamb assemblies, windows and other structures. The apparatus includes an engagement structure with retaining elements that couple building components without the need for mechanical fasteners. The retaining element may contain serrations on which an adhesive is applied before a panel or other building component is secured to the joint apparatus. Other building components such as hinge assemblies include coupling members with a flange. The slots along a retaining element allows coupling members to snap fit into the joint apparatus once a flange is secured into the slots in order to lock the components.

Abstract: A flexible, extruded plastic wall structure with a hollow core is presented along with a method of making the same. The wall structure has an overall flat back wall, an overall front wall and at least one support wall extending between and confined to the interior surfaces of the overall back wall and the overall front wall; the overall back wall, the overall front wall and the at least one support wall having a generally uniform thickness and defining at least two defined spaces. The wall structure includes sections, where the rear wall of each section is flat from the bottom of the wall structure to the top of the wall structure. The hollow wall structure has a front wall having vertically disposed sections with different contours. The method includes using extrusion die for heating and extruding plastics using a multi-functional insert within the die and air pressure to create a hollow core in the wall structure.

Abstract: A deck assembly module is disclosed. The deck assembly module can be installed into the steel frame of a steel framed building. The deck assembly module includes a cellular metal deck. In an embodiment, the cellular metal deck includes a bottom plate having a top major surface and a bottom major surface, an angled decking sheet, and fireproof insulation. The angled decking sheet is angled to form a repeating pattern of troughs and peaks, the angled decking is adjacent to the top major surface of the bottom plate, and the fireproof insulation is located in channels formed by the peaks of the angled decking sheet and the top surface of the bottom plate and the angled decking sheet. The deck assembly module may also include a concrete portion that includes a top major surface, referred to as a concrete deck.

Abstract: A wood concrete composite system (100, 200) has a wood construction component (110, 111, 112, 210, 211), an intermediate layer (140, 141, 142, 143, 230, 231, 232) and a concrete construction unit (150, 151, 152, 240, 241). The concrete construction unit (150, 151, 152, 240, 241) has at least one side which faces the wood construction component (110, 111, 112, 210, 211). Thus at least single intermediate layer (140, 141, 142, 143, 230, 231, 232) creates at least a partial separation between the wood and concrete.

Abstract: A fire resistive joint cover system operable to span a gap between two surfaces. The system generally may include first and second base members, a covering member, and an intumescent sheet. Each base member is operable to couple with one of the surfaces and the covering member is operable to couple with the base members to at least partially span the gap. In some embodiments, the covering member may be configured as a floating covering member and/or as a flexible elastomer seal.

Abstract: A building façade system adapted to be installed onto an exposed surface of a building and provide a substrate for installation of façade elements (e.g., stone, stucco and the like). The system preferably provides a corrosion-resistant structure adapted to withstand extended environmental exposure. In general, the system includes a highly porous three dimensional matrix filamentous polymeric mat and a fiberglass mesh layer associated therewith. Collectively, the polymeric mat and fiberglass mesh layer are adapted to be installed onto an exposed building wall and provide a substrate onto which desired façade elements may be installed.

Abstract: Finishing profile for a floor covering, wherein this finishing profile comprises a body with at least two portions made separable from each other, which, in the unseparated condition, are connected to each other by means of a break-off or cut-off zone, wherein, by whether or not removing one or more of the aforementioned two portions, various application possibilities of the remaining portion of the body are created, wherein, at least on the aforementioned two portions of the body, a layer-shaped covering is provided, wherein said layer-shaped covering shows an interruption at least over part of the length of the finishing profile, at the height of the transition between said two portions.

Abstract: Finishing profile for a floor covering, wherein this finishing profile-comprises a body with at least two portions made separable from each other, which, in the unseparated condition, are connected to each other by means of a break-off or cut-off zone, wherein, by whether or not removing one or more of the aforementioned two portions, various application possibilities of the remaining portion of the body are created, wherein, at least on the aforementioned two portions of the body, a layer-shaped covering is provided, wherein said layer-shaped covering shows an interruption at least over part of the length of the finishing profile, at the height of the transition between said two portions.

Abstract: An environmentally friendly building system for promoting long term carbon capture and sequestration of roofing and siding by utilizing recycled/upcycled, collapsed, preformed, and post consumer plastic material. The system includes a plurality of tiles. The plurality of tiles interlock with each other to form overlapping courses of laterally staggered roofing or siding. Each tile includes a bottle and a cap connector. The cap connector of each tile caps off the bottle of an associated tile, and hooks into the bottle laying on top thereof so as to hold the overlapping courses of the laterally staggered roofing or siding in place. The bottle of each tile is made from recycled/upcycled, collapsed, preformed, and post consumer plastic material for promoting the long term carbon capture and sequestration of the laterally staggered roofing or siding so as to be environmentally friendly.

Abstract: A system of fastening elements that attach to the building surface, including a backband with cambered support surfaces and catches, to support vinyl log siding slats with interlocking edges, and provide a log appearance to the building.

Abstract: Floorboards for making a floating floor have a core (30) which comprises at least two layers of material (L1, L2), which are arranged at different distances from the surface layer (31), and which differ in respect of material properties or material composition. Semi manufactures for making such floorboards are also disclosed.