Abstract: A housing for an energy storage cell includes an interior which provides beneficial properties to fabricators of the cell. The cell may be hermetically sealed by conventional laser welding techniques.

Abstract: The invention relates to: a lithium-transition metal compound powder for a positive-electrode material of lithium secondary batteries, which is a powder that comprises a lithium-transition metal compound having a function of being capable of an insertion and elimination of lithium ions, wherein the particles in the powder contain, in the inner part thereof, a compound that, when analyzed by an SEM-EDX method, has peaks derived from at least one element selected from the Group-16 elements belonging to the third or later periods of the periodic table and at least one element selected from the Group-5 to Group-7 elements belonging to the fifth and sixth periods of the periodic table; a process for producing the powder; a positive electrode for lithium secondary batteries; and a lithium secondary battery.

Abstract: Described herein are materials for use in electrolytes that provide a number of desirable characteristics when implemented within batteries, such as high stability during battery cycling up to high temperatures high voltages, high discharge capacity, high coulombic efficiency, and excellent retention of discharge capacity and coulombic efficiency over several cycles of charging and discharging. In some embodiments, a high voltage electrolyte includes a base electrolyte and a set of additive compounds, which impart these desirable performance characteristics.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising positive and negative electrodes capable of absorbing and desorbing lithium ions; a nonaqueous electrolytic solution; and a separator provided between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The negative electrode comprises a negative electrode active material layer containing at least a styrene polymer as a binder in a content of 0.3 to 8.0 mass % based on the total mass of the negative electrode active material layer. The nonaqueous electrolytic solution contains at least a cyclic sulfonic acid ester including at least two sulfonyl groups in a content of 0.002 to 5.0 mass % based on the total mass of the nonaqueous electrolytic solution.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a nonaqueous electrolyte battery includes a nonaqueous electrolyte which is a liquid at 20° C. under a pressure of 1 atmosphere. The nonaqueous electrolyte contains a first compound having a functional group represented by Chemical formula (I), at least one compound selected from a compound having an isocyanato group and a compound having an amino group, a nonaqueous solvent, and an electrolyte.

Abstract: A positive electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery including a current collector and a positive active material layer disposed on the current collector, a method of manufacturing the positive electrode, and a rechargeable lithium battery including the positive electrode. Here, the positive active material layer includes a positive active material and a coating layer on the surface of the positive active material, wherein the coating layer is formed of a coating layer composition including carbon nano particles, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and polyvinylidene fluoride.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition for electrodes comprising a material M selected from a nickel-based hydroxide and a hydrogen-fixing alloy, and a pentavalent niobium oxide Nb2O5 of monoclinic structure. The invention also proposes a positive electrode for an alkaline accumulator and a negative electrode for a nickel-metal hydride accumulator comprising the composition according to the invention as well as an alkaline accumulator comprising at least one electrode according to the invention.

Abstract: To provide a sulfur-system positive electrode for lithium-ion battery, sulfur-system positive electrode which is good in the cyclability and the other characteristics, and a lithium-ion secondary battery including that positive electrode. In a positive electrode for lithium-ion secondary battery, the positive electrode having: a current collector; and an electrode layer that is formed on a surface of the current collector, and which includes a binder resin, an active material and a conductive additive, the positive electrode is characterized in that: the active material includes a sulfur-modified polyacrylonitrile that is produced by heating a raw-material powder including a sulfur powder and a polyacrylonitrile powder in an enclosed nonoxidizing atmosphere; and the binder resin includes a polyimide resin and/or a polyamide-imide resin.

Abstract: The invention relates to materials for use as electrodes in an alkali-ion secondary (rechargeable) battery, particularly a lithium-ion battery. The invention provides transition-metal compounds having the ordered-olivine or the rhombohedral NASICON structure and the polyanion (PO4)3? as at least one constituent for use as electrode material for alkali-ion rechargeable batteries.

Abstract: An electrochemical generator comprising a first type of electrochemical cell, a so-called <<high energy>> cell and a second type of electrochemical cell a so-called <<safety>> cell is provided.

Abstract: A secondary battery includes: a cathode including an active material; an anode; and an electrolytic solution. The active material has a composition represented by Formula (1) described below. A median diameter (D90) of the active material is from about 10.5 micrometers to about 60 micrometers both inclusive, the median diameter (D90) being measured by a laser diffraction method. A half bandwidth (2?) of a diffraction peak corresponding to a (020) crystal plane of the active material is from about 0.15 degrees to about 0.24 degrees both inclusive, the half bandwidth (2?) being measured by an X-ray diffraction method. LiaMnbFecMdPO4??(1) where M represents one or more of Mg, Ni, Co, Al, W, Nb, Ti, Si, Cr, Cu, and Zn; and 0<a?2, 0<b<1, 0<c<1, 0?d<1, and b+c+d=1 are established.

Abstract: Disclosed is lithium iron phosphate having an olivine crystal structure wherein carbon (C) is coated on particle surfaces of the lithium iron phosphate, wherein, when a powder of the lithium iron phosphate is dispersed in water, water is removed from the resulting dispersion and the resulting lithium iron phosphate residue is quantitatively analyzed, a ratio of the carbon-released lithium iron phosphate with respect to the total weight of the carbon-coated lithium iron phosphate is 0.005% by weight or less. Advantageously, the olivine-type lithium iron phosphate is not readily separated through uniform thin film coating on the surface of the lithium iron phosphate and exhibits superior conductivity and density, since carbon is coated on particle surfaces of lithium iron phosphate in a state in which the amount of carbon released in water is considerably small.

Abstract: A method of forming a polyanion active material that includes providing a carbon source, providing a mobile ion source, providing an active metal material, providing a network material, providing a flux material, and mixing the various materials. In one aspect, the mixing step may include grinding or pulverizing materials to a uniform fine mixture. In one aspect, a ball mill may be utilized to mix the components. Following the mixing of the materials, the mixture is heated to a predetermined temperature in a non-oxidizing atmosphere to form a reaction product. In one aspect, the mixture is heated to a temperature above a melting temperature of the flux material. In this manner, the flux material provides a medium in which the various reactants may react to form the desired reaction product. Following the heating of the mixture the reaction product is washed, forming a carbon coated polyanion active material.

Abstract: A negative electrode active material includes lithium-titanium composite oxide porous particles having an average pore size of 50 to 500 ?.

Abstract: A battery plate assembly for a lead-acid battery is disclosed. The assembly includes a plates of opposing polarity each formed by an electrically conductive grid body having opposed top and bottom frame elements and opposed first and second side frame elements, the top frame element having a lug and an opposing enlarged conductive section extending toward the bottom frame element; a plurality of interconnecting electrically conductive grid elements defining a grid pattern defining a plurality of open areas, the grid elements including a plurality of radially extending vertical grid wire elements connected to the top frame element, and a plurality of horizontally extending grid wire elements, the grid body having an active material provided thereon. A highly absorbent separator is wrapped around at least a portion of the plate of a first polarity and extends to opposing plate faces. An electrolye is provided, wherein substantially all of the electrolyte is absorbed by the separator or active material.

Abstract: An electrolyte for the lithium secondary battery having flame retardancy, low negative electrode interfacial resistance, and excellent high temperature properties and life characteristics, and a lithium secondary battery including the same. An electrolyte for lithium secondary battery of the present invention may include a non-aqueous organic solvent, a lithium salt, fluorinated ether or phosphazene, and a resistance-improving additive represented as the following chemical formula (1): RSO2—R1—SO2F??[Chemical Formula 1] wherein R1 is a C1-C12 hydrocarbon unsubstituted or substituted with at least one fluorine.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery has an anode, a cathode, a separator between the anode and the cathode and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The non-aqueous electrolyte includes a lithium salt; and a non-linear carbonate-based mixed organic solvent in which (a) a cyclic carbonate compound, and (b) a propionate-based compound are mixed at a volume ratio (a:b) in the range from about 10:90 to about 70:30. The cathode has a current density in the range from about 3.5 to about 5.5 mA/cm2 and a porosity in the range from about 18 to about 35%. This battery may be manufactured as a high-loading lithium secondary battery.

Abstract: A lithium ion secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator and an ionic liquid electrolyte. The separator is a polar porous membrane. The ionic liquid electrolyte and the separator made of the polar porous are used in the lithium ion secondary batteries, which can improve the electrochemical performance of the lithium ion secondary batteries.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing an MnO2/carbon composite for a lithium-air secondary battery by preparing a precursor solution by dissolving permanganate powder in distilled water, preparing a MnO2/carbon composite by dispersing carbon in the precursor solution and using a reducing agent, and mixing the MnO2/carbon composite with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) and supporting the mixture on nickel foam. According to the method for preparing a MnO2/carbon composite for a lithium-air secondary battery, the MnO2/carbon composite is prepared by dispersing carbon in a permanganate solution, instead of simply mixing carbon with manganese oxide, and thus the binding force between carbon and manganese oxide and the dispersion of carbon in manganese oxide can increase. The MnO2/carbon composite prepared by the above method has improved catalytic performance as an air electrode for a lithium-air secondary battery and thus can be effectively used as an electrode material for lithium-air secondary batteries.

Abstract: A porous carbonaceous composite material including a core including a carbon nanotube (CNT); and a coating layer on the core, the coating layer including a carbonaceous material including a hetero element.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell module and a condenser apparatus. The condenser apparatus includes a first condenser using an oxygen-containing as a coolant, and a second condenser using hot water stored in a hot water tank as the coolant. Further, the fuel cell system includes a control device for controlling at least one of a flow rate of the exhaust gas supplied to the first condenser and a flow rate of the exhaust gas supplied to the second condenser based on at least any of a water level of the hot water in the hot water tank, a temperature of the hot water in the hot water tank, and a water level of the condensed water in the condenser apparatus.

Abstract: A device used to provide hot exhaust gases for driving a turbine. The device includes a burner, the combustion zone of which is directly mounted on or integrated into the gas inlet (turbine housing) of the turbine. The burner is supplied with at least one combustible gas or gas mixture. The combustion zone includes a porous material with a large specific surface area.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell module, a combustor, a fuel gas supply apparatus, an oxygen-containing gas supply apparatus, a water supply apparatus, a power converter, a control device, and a casing containing the fuel cell module, the combustor, the fuel gas supply apparatus, the oxygen-containing gas supply apparatus, the water supply apparatus, the power converter, and the control device. The casing includes a casing body having an opening in the front face and a slide door that is installed onto the casing body. When the slide door slides horizontally, the opening is opened/closed. The power converter and the control device are attached onto the slide door at upper and lower positions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a startup control device and method for a fuel cell system. The startup control device includes a concentration meter, a hydrogen feed rate controller, and a controller. The concentration meter measures the concentration of oxygen located in the anode of a fuel cell stack. The hydrogen feed rate controller is disposed at an inlet of the anode. The controller receives an oxygen concentration signal value from the concentration meter while controlling the hydrogen feed rate controller to adjust a hydrogen feed rate to the anode.

Abstract: A shutdown and self-maintenance operation process of a liquid fuel cell system is introduced. The liquid fuel cell system gives out a shutdown signal and a liquid fuel cell of the liquid fuel cell system stops discharging when receiving the shutdown signal. Thereafter, a self-maintenance operation consisting of the following four steps will be performed: (a) Supply of the cathode gas is stopped in the liquid fuel cell system. (b) After a first duration, the supply of the cathode gas is started. (c) The liquid fuel cell discharges until the output power of the liquid fuel cell is less than or equal to a first predetermined value. (d) The liquid fuel cell stops discharging and the supply of the cathode gas is stopped again. The (a) to (d) four steps are repeated several times before the liquid fuel cell system is completely stopped.

Abstract: A fuel cell system capable of improving the voltage controllability of a converter provided in the system is provided. A controller judges whether or not a passing power of a DC/DC converter falls within a reduced response performance area for the number of active phases as of the present moment. When the controller determines that the passing power of the DC/DC converter falls within the reduced response performance area, the controller determines the number of phases which avoids the driving within the reduced response performance area, and outputs a command for switching to the determined number of phases (phase switching command) to the DC/DC converter.

Abstract: An energy storage system is disclosed. The energy storage system comprises an energy storage device configured to operate above ambient temperature, and a thermal insulator at least partially surrounding the energy storage device, wherein heat losses from one or more other devices are received within the thermal insulator to provide heat energy to the energy storage device. Utilising heat losses from one or more other devices, such as associated electronic components, enables the energy storage device to be maintained at its elevated operational temperature for longer providing extended battery life. In the application of wireline logging, this results in more data log available per trip in a well.

Abstract: A membrane electrode assembly having a temperature responsive layer whose material permeability is reduced with temperature rise, on a laminate including an anode catalyst layer, an electrolyte membrane and a cathode catalyst layer in this order, and a fuel cell using the same are provided. The temperature responsive layer may be composed of a porous layer containing a temperature responsive material whose moisture content changes at a phase transition temperature. It is possible to repress increase in fuel supply amount to the anode catalyst layer in association with temperature rise, and moisture evaporation from the electrolyte membrane in association with temperature rise, and to prevent excessive temperature rise and thermal runaway of the fuel cell.

Abstract: A fuel cell arrangement is disclosed. The fuel cell arrangement includes a fuel cell stack and a housing wall element to form a housing surrounding the fuel cell stack. The housing wall element comprises a penetrating opening for an electric contacting of the fuel cell stack via a conductor. The conductor extends through the penetrating opening. A sheath is arranged between the penetrating opening wall and the conductor around an insulation layer arranged at the conductor. The sheath, together with the insulation layer, is pushed against the conductor in a gas-tight fashion, with the penetrating opening being sealed in a gas-tight fashion via a compensation element to compensate for longitudinal and lateral movements. The compensation element is lastingly fastened at the sheath element and the housing wall element in a gas-tight fashion.

Abstract: A fuel cell with multiple independent reaction regions comprises multiple fuel cell units. Each fuel cell unit comprises bipolar plates and a membrane electrode assembly located between the bipolar plates. The membrane electrode assembly comprises a proton exchange membrane and catalyst layers located at both sides of the proton exchange membrane, and the catalyst layers at least at one side of the proton exchange membrane are formed with multiple mutually independent catalyst sublayers. Different from the prior design concepts of striving to distribute reactants as uniformly as possible in the whole reaction area, the whole cell in this invention is divided into multiple independent reaction regions, and relevance of the reaction regions is eliminated. Therefore, by partitioning and reducing the amplitude of possible voltage difference, this invention is able to reduce electrochemical corrosion and maximize performance of each independent region and the whole fuel cell.

Abstract: A measurement device for measuring voltages along a linear array of voltage sources, such as a fuel cell stack, includes at least one movable contact or non-contact voltage probe that measures a voltage of an array element.

Abstract: A polymer electrolyte fuel cell includes a membrane electrode assembly including an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte membrane, an anode-side separator having a fuel flow channel for supplying fuel, and a cathode-side separator having an oxidant flow channel for supplying oxidant. The anode includes an anode catalyst layer and an anode diffusion layer, and the cathode includes a cathode catalyst layer and a cathode diffusion layer. At least one of the fuel flow channel and the oxidant flow channel has a plurality of parallel linear portions. The anode catalyst layer or the cathode catalyst layer has a plurality of belt-like first regions facing the linear portions and at least one second region between the adjacent first regions. The amount of catalyst in the first regions per unit area is on average larger than the amount of catalyst in the at least one second region per unit area.

Abstract: There is provided a membrane electrode assembly including an anode gas diffusion layer included in an anode and a cathode gas diffusion layer included in a cathode, wherein the anode gas diffusion layer includes an anode gas diffusion substrate and an anode microporous layer disposed on a first surface of the anode gas diffusion substrate, wherein the cathode gas diffusion layer includes a cathode gas diffusion substrate and a cathode microporous layer disposed on a first surface of the cathode gas diffusion substrate, and wherein at least one of a strike-through ratio on a second surface of the anode gas diffusion substrate and a strike-through ratio on a second surface of the cathode gas diffusion substrate is larger than 0.2%.

Abstract: A fuel cell including a single fuel cell which includes a membrane electrode including a polymer electrolyte membrane, an anode electrode on one surface of the polymer electrolyte membrane, and a cathode electrode on another surface of the polymer electrolyte membrane, the anode electrode including an anode catalyst layer and a gas diffusion layer and the cathode electrode including a cathode catalyst layer and a gas diffusion layer. At least one of the anode cathode catalyst layers includes core-shell type catalyst particles, each having a core and a shell covering the core and including a shell metallic material. At least one of the polymer electrolyte membrane, anode catalyst layer, gas diffusion layer at the anode side, cathode catalyst layer and gas diffusion layer at the cathode side includes metallic nanoparticles having an average particle diameter different from that of the core-shell type catalyst particles and including the shell metallic material.

Abstract: The description includes materials that may be useful for fuel cell applications such as in the manufacture of fuel cell electrodes, proton exchange membranes (PEM), as catalyst additives or in tie layers designed to be thermally and chemically robust while operating within a fuel cell's harsh environment at higher temperatures and to conduct protons, with significantly higher levels of bound acidic groups, while in a low hydration state. Methods of making the materials are also described.

Abstract: An electricity generation device includes: a tubular fuel cell (2) having an electrolyte layer (7) sandwiched between inside and outside electrodes (5, 6) to which a fuel gas is supplied, the fuel cell having an interior formed as an inside channel (3) for the fuel gas; a cover pipe (9) arranged around the fuel cell (2) with a gap provided between the outside electrode (6) and the cover pipe; a connecting member (13) connecting the fuel cell (2) and the cover pipe (9) to each other and permitting an outside channel (4) for the fuel gas to be formed around the fuel cell (2) by making use of the gap; and a fuel gas pipe (12) connected to each of opposite ends of the cover pipe (9) and forming a flow path for the fuel gas in cooperation with the cover pipe (9).

Abstract: An electricity generation device (1) using a fuel cell (2) having a fuel electrode (5) and an air electrode (6) to which a fuel gas and air are supplied, respectively, includes: a fuel gas conduit (3) through which the fuel gas flows; a cover (9) configured to cover an outside of the fuel gas conduit (3) and cooperating with a peripheral wall (8a) of the fuel gas conduit (3) to form an air passage (4) therebetween, the air passage extending along the fuel gas conduit (3); an air inlet hole (10) formed through the cover (9) to allow air to flow into the air passage (4); and an air outlet hole (11) provided downstream of the air electrode exposed to the air passage (4), to cause the fuel gas conduit (3) and the air passage (4) to communicate with each other.

Abstract: An embodiment of the invention provides an electrocatalyst, including a four-element catalyst having a formula of XYZP, wherein X is Pt or Pd, Y and Z are different elements selected from Group 6, Group 8, Group 9, or Group 11 elements, and P is phosphorous, wherein Group 6 elements include Cr, Mo, or W, Group 8 elements include Fe, Ru, or Os, Group 9 elements include Co, Rh, or Ir, and Group 11 elements include Cu, Ag, or Au.

Abstract: Embodiments of a method for fabricating an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) mask having a die pattern area are provided, as are embodiments of a method for fabricating an integrated circuit utilizing an EUV mask and embodiments of an EUV mask. In one embodiment, the EUV mask fabrication method includes obtaining an EUV mask blank including a substrate and a multi-layer (ML) reflector disposed over the substrate, and annealing localized portions of the ML reflector to produce an EUV light-absorptive border extending at least partially around an outer perimeter of the die pattern area.

Abstract: A chemical amplification resist composition contains: (A) a polymer compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group and a group formed by substituting a substituent for a hydrogen atom of a hydroxyl group in a phenolic hydroxyl group and satisfying the following (a) to (c) at the same time: (a) the polydispersity is 1.2 or less, (b) the weight average molecular weight is from 2,000 to 6,500, and (c) the glass transition temperature (Tg) is 140° C. or more.

Abstract: Provided is an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition containing a compound (A) which contains at least one phenolic hydroxyl group and at least one group where a hydrogen atom in a phenolic hydroxyl group is substituted by a group represented by the following General Formula (1).

Abstract: The electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a surface layer containing (?), (?) and (?).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a thermochromic color-memory toner containing: a microcapsule pigment encapsulating a thermochromic color-memory composition; and a binder resin, in which the microcapsule pigment shows a hysteresis characteristic that, in a temperature-rise process, decoloration starts when the temperature reaches t3 and the pigment completely reaches a decolored state in a temperature region of t4 or higher, and in a temperature-drop process, coloration starts when the temperature reaches t2 and the pigment completely reaches a colored state in a temperature region of ti or lower, and ti is in a range of from ?50 to 0° C. and t4 is in a range of from 50 to 150° C.

Abstract: Hydrophobic silica particles are produced by reacting them with a hydrosiloxane agent.

Abstract: A developer for electrostatic latent image development including a positively chargeable toner and a fatty acid metal salt is used, in which the fatty acid metal salt is a metal salt selected from the group consisting of zinc, calcium, and magnesium salts of fatty acids of 12 to 20 carbon atoms and has a certain volume average particle diameter and particle size distribution.

Abstract: A toner including: a core particle; and fine resin particles, the core particle containing at least a binder resin, a releasing agent and a colorant, wherein the toner is in shape of particles, and each toner particle has a sea-island structure having the core particle and island portions, which are convex portions formed from the fine resin particles on surface of the core particle, wherein the binder resin contains first and second resins, and the fine resin particles are made of third resin, wherein the first resin is crystalline resin, and the second and third resins are non-crystalline resin, wherein the second resin has glass transition temperature (Tg2) and the crystalline resin has melting point (Tc1) where Tg2 is higher than Tc1, and wherein the third resin has glass transition temperature (Tg3) and the toner has glass transition temperature (Tgt) wherein Tg3 is higher than Tgt.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymerized toner prepared by suspension polymerization. In particular, the polymerized toner comprises a plurality of toner particles that each comprising a binder resin, a pigment, a pigment stabilizer, a charge control agent, and a wax. The polymerized toner maintains a ratio of toner particles containing at least two wax domains per particle within a defined range. Thereby, the polymerized toner achieves high glossiness and good transfer efficiency.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to magenta polymerized toner comprising magenta pigment selected from quinacridone-based derivatives and magenta pigment selected from diketo-pyrrolopyrrole derivatives, having high transfer efficiency, high image density, and uniform particle distribution.

Abstract: A toner for non-contacting fusing containing toner matrix particles containing a resin binder and an external additive having an average particle size of from 10 to 100 nm, wherein the external additive is externally added to the toner matrix particles, wherein the resin binder contains one or more polyesters, wherein a carboxylic acid component of the polyester contains one or more isophthalic acid compounds and one or more fumaric acid/maleic acid compounds, wherein the isophthalic acid compound is contained in an amount of from 10 to 35% by weight, the fumaric acid/maleic acid compound is contained in an amount of from 1 to 15% by weight, and the isophthalic acid compound and the fumaric acid/maleic acid compound are contained in a total amount of from 20 to 36% by weight, of a total amount of the entire raw material monomers of the polyester in the resin binder, and wherein the toner has a softening point of from 90° to 120° C.

Abstract: An electrostatic image developing toner contains toner particles containing a polyester resin having a repeating unit deriving from a dicarboxylic acid and a repeating unit deriving from a rosin diol, and an external additive containing silica particles, wherein a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the soluble matter in tetrahydrofuran of the toner is from about 60,000 to about 200,000.