Abstract: A multi-dimensional chromatographic method for the separation of N-glycans. The method comprises providing a glycan preparation that includes at least one negatively charged N-glycan. The glycan preparation is then separated by anion-exchange chromatography and at least one secondary chromatographic technique.

Abstract: Described herein are agents, including antibodies, antibody fragments, polypeptides and organic small molecules, that bind reversibly inactive PTP1B (designated herein in the alternative as PTP1B-SN or PTP1B-OX) and stabilize it (stabilize PTP1B-OX) in such a manner that they inhibit reactivation of reversibly oxidized, inactive PTP1B by reduction (by reducing agent) and have no substantial direct inhibitory effect on phosphatase activity/PTP1B activity (for example, as detectable in assays in vitro).

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and processes for preparing the same wherein the compositions are useful for monitoring breast cancer treatment.

Abstract: The present invention concerns methods and compositions for promoting a conversion in stem cells or cells derived therefrom from glycolysis to aerobic respiration and its associated pathways, including oxidative phosphorylation, the TCA cycle, fatty acid oxidation, and pyruvate decarboxylation, for example. In specific embodiments, certain media is employed to improve metabolic maturation of particular stem cell-derived cells, including human embryonic stem cells and human induced pluripotent stem cells, for example. Particular media comprises media without glucose or optionally without pyruvate, with fatty acids, with L-carnitine, with taurine, creatine, non-essential amino acids, L-glutamine, and with anti-oxidants or free-radical scavengers, for example.

Abstract: Disclosed are star polymers comprising a polymeric body having a core with a site-isolated chromophore and a plurality of polymer chains emanating from the core; and at least one chelating moiety bonded to at least one polymer chain. Also disclosed are bimodal contrast agents derived from star polymers and further comprising at least one metal chelated by the at least one chelating moiety. Also disclosed are methods of making and using same. Also disclosed are imaging methods employing the disclosed star polymers and/or bimodal contrast agents. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for purifying and harvesting certain cell populations in blood or bone marrow by depleting at least one of red blood cells, granulocytes, or platelets from a sample comprising blood, bone marrow, or stromal vascular fraction cells separated from adipose tissue is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a sterile, single use rigid, self-supporting cartridge within which the automated depletion, purification and harvesting of target cell populations occurs and all components may be distributed.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a disk diffusion assay for determining susceptibility of bacteria to a glycopeptide antibiotic. The assay includes improvements over conventional assays due to the inclusion of polysorbate 80 and Span 80 in the antibacterial solution used to impregnate paper disks used in the assay.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for diagnosing or predicting B-cell rejection in a subject. In one example, for assessing transplant rejection, the method includes determining an antigen presenting index by comparing uptake of a donor antigen to uptake of a reference antigen in a biological sample obtained from the subject. In another example, for assessing GVHD, the method includes determining an antigen presenting index by comparing uptake of a recipient antigen to uptake of a reference antigen in a biological sample obtained from the subject.

Abstract: A method for analyzing a blood sample is provided that includes the steps of: providing a blood sample having one or more of each first and second constituents; admixing a colorant with the sample, which colorant is operative to cause the first constituents and second constituents to fluoresce and absorb light; illuminating at least a portion of the sample; e) imaging a portion of the sample; determining a fluorescence value for each the first constituents and second constituents; determining an optical density value for each of the first constituents and second constituents; and identifying the first constituents and the second constituents using the determined fluorescence and optical density values.

Abstract: A method, and a measuring point for performing the method, for measuring at least one physical and/or chemical, process variable of a medium contained in a single use container. A single use sensor is connected with the single use container. The single use sensor with the single use container is sterilized by radiation, especially beta or gamma radiation. An electronics unit is connected with the single use sensor, and the electronics unit is connected with at least one superordinated system via at least one interface. The electronics unit and/or the single use sensor are/is supplied with energy, and measurement data of the single use sensor are registered. The measurement data are processed by the electronics unit and/or the superordinated system, data, including measurement data, are transmitted to the superordinated system and/or received from the superordinated system, and, after termination of one or more measuring cycles, the electronics unit is released from the single use sensor.

Abstract: A composition that includes an aldehyde, alcohol, and a ketone, the volumetric ratio of the alcohol to the ketone in the composition ranging from as low as about 0.8:1 to as high as about 4.5:1 and the volumetric ratio of the alcohol to the aldehyde in the composition ranging from as low as about 41.5:1 to as high as about 450:1.

Abstract: The invention is directed to methods and compositions for deparaffinizing paraffin-embedded biological samples for subsequent tissue staining The compositions are microemulsions that may include water/oil/surfactant microemulsions, and optionally a cosurfactant. The microemulsions enable deparaffinization without the use of xylene or toluene, and also enable solvent exchange without the use of intermediary alcohol dehydration or alcohol rehydration compositions.

Abstract: Apolipoprotein A-1 Milano (ApoA-1M), the protein component of a high-density lipoprotein (HDL) mimic with promising potential for reduction of atherosclerotic plaque, is produced on a large scale by expression in E. coli. Significant difficulty with clearance of host cell proteins (HCPs) was experienced in the original manufacturing process, despite lengthy purification. Analysis of purified protein solutions and intermediate process samples led to the identification of several major HCPs, and a bacterial protease causing the production of a truncated species of ApoA-1M co-purifying with the product. Deletions in these genes from the original host strain succeeded in substantially reducing the levels of HCPs without adversely affecting overall fermentation productivity, contributing to a much more efficient and robust new manufacturing process.

Abstract: The invention provides an isolated formate dehydrogenase (FDH) polypeptide specific for NADP+ and an isolated FDH polypeptide having an adenine ribose recognition loop comprising a first large amino acid and a second amino acid, wherein the first and second amino acid are arranged in space to allow the second amino acid to bond with a phosphate group. Also provided is a variant of an BAD+ specific FDH polypeptide, wherein the adenine ribose recognition loop has been mutated at least one position to alter the three dimensional polypeptide structure of the adenine ribose recognition loop to allow a phosphate group to be recognised. The polypeptides of the invention can be used in the conversion of NADP+ to NADP or in the conversion of BAD+ to NASH.

Abstract: The present invention provides viral vector compositions of high titre and purity, as well as methods for production of said compositions. The methods of the invention incorporate multiple features, such as production of viral vector particles in serum free media and multiple harvesting steps following transduction of the producer cell which provides for enhanced production of said viral vectors. The viral vector compositions of the invention, by virtue of their high titre and purity, minimize the deleterious phenotypic changes that typically occur following transduction of target cells, such as loss of a sub-populations of transduced cells, and effects on proliferation, differentiation, reprogramming or functionality of transduced cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compositions for asymmetrically tagging a nucleic acid fragment using asymmetric adapters.

Abstract: The invention provides non-naturally occurring microbial organisms comprising a 1,4-butanediol (BDO), 4-hydroxybutyryl-CoA, 4-hydroxybutanal or putrescine pathway comprising at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding a BDO, 4-hydroxybutyryl-CoA, 4-hydroxybutanal or putrescine pathway enzyme expressed in a sufficient amount to produce BDO, 4-hydroxybutyryl-CoA, 4-hydroxybutanal or putrescine and further optimized for expression of BDO. The invention additionally provides methods of using such microbial organisms to produce BDO, 4-hydroxybutyryl-CoA, 4-hydroxybutanal or putrescine.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for treating lignocellulosic material with a dual activity enzyme having xylanase and cellulase activity. The enzyme is stable and active at increased pH and increased temperatures. The present invention therefore provides methods for hydrolyzing lignocellulosic material, especially cellulose and hemicellulose, which are major components of the cell wall of non-woody and woody plants. The methods for hydrolyzing cellulose and hemicellulose can be used on any plant, wood or wood product, wood waste, paper pulp, paper product or paper waste or byproduct.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural by dehydration of fructose and/or glucose and/or mannose.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sucrose phosphorylase from Bifidobacterium adolescentis which is useful as a biocatalyst in carbohydrate conversions at high temperatures. Indeed, the biocatalysts of the present invention are enzymatically active for a time period of at least 16 h and up to 1 to 2 week(s) at a temperature of at least 60° C. The biocatalysts of the present invention are: a) immobilized on an enzyme carrier, or b) are part of a cross-linked enzyme aggregate (CLEA), and/or c) are mutated, and/or d) are enzymatically active in the continuous presence of their substrate.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the use of an amino acid dehydrogenase in combination with a cofactor regenerating system comprising a ketoreductase. In particular embodiments, the process can be used to prepare L-tert-leucine using a leucine dehydrogenase.

Abstract: Healthcare costs are a significant worldwide, with many patients being denied medications because of their high prices. One approach to addressing this problem involves the biosynthesis of chiral drug intermediates, an environmentally friendly solution that can be used to generate pharmaceuticals at much lower costs than conventional techniques. In this context, embodiments of the invention comprise methods and materials designed to allow microorganisms to biosynthesize the nonnatural amino acid L-homoalanine. As is known in the art, L-homoalanine is a chiral precursor of a variety of pharmaceutically valuable compounds including the anticonvulsant medications levetiracetam (sold under the trade name Keppra®) and brivaracetam, as well as ethambutol, a bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug used to treat tuberculosis. Consequently, embodiments of the invention can be used in low cost, environmentally friendly processes to generate these and other valuable compounds.

Abstract: A method of increasing production of fatty acids comprising introducing into a host cell or organism and expressing therein an acyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) thioesterase (TE) from Bryantella formatexigens or a mutant thereof; a method of making a mutant B. formatexigens acyl-ACP TE; a method of making a chimeric Cuphea viscosissima acyl-ACP TE; a nucleic acid encoding a mutant acyl-ACP TE or a chimeric C. viscosissima acyl-ACP TE; a host cell or organism comprising the nucleic acid; a mutant acyl-ACP TE or chimeric C. viscosissima acyl-ACP TE; a method of altering the specificity of a plant acyl-ACP TE; and a method of altering the level of activity of a plant acyl-ACP TE.

Abstract: A method or process for producing polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) in biomass. The process entails feeding an organic carbon containing substrate to biomass enriched in PHA accumulating bacteria. Particularly the process entails intermittently supplying the substrate to the biomass at least three separate times over a selected period. The object of the process is to produce PHA having a relatively high molecular weight, at least 400,000 g/mole. By controlling the frequency at which the substrate is supplied to the biomass and by feeding a sufficient amount of the substrate to the biomass, the method or process produces the PHA having the relatively high molecular weight.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing D-type lactic acid by using E. coli and glucose derived from a plant as active ingredient, in which D-type lactic acid is a raw material of D-type polylactic acid in order to produce a stereo-complex polylactic acid blend which is a valuable material as the plant-based material for the manufacture of interior and exterior parts of an automobile. More specifically, the present invention relates to a bacterial strain and a fermentation process for producing D-type lactic acid with high optical purity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of degradation with hyperthermophilic organisms, and in particular to the use of hyperthermophilic degradation to produce heat and energy rich components including hydrogen and ethanol from a biomass. In some embodiments, a biomass is fermented in the presence of hyperthermophilic organisms to produce heat. The heat is used to heat a liquid which is used directly in a heat pump or radiant heat or to produce electricity or drive a steam turbine. In some embodiments, acetate is utilized as a substrate to produce energy by methanogenesis.

Abstract: After identifying the genes of a novel lipoxygenase and a novel allene oxide synthase derived from Lemna paucicostata SH strain, a plant growth regulating agent (KODA) was produced at high yield by using a Lemna paucicostata strain that expresses the lipoxygenase and the allene oxide synthase.

Abstract: Hydroxycarboxylic acids are produced by using a microorganism that is improved in ability to produce nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide by deleting, mutating or substituting nadR gene in the microorganism or introducing a gene encoding nicotinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase.

Abstract: The invention provides recombinant ethanologenic bacteria, methods of making the bacteria and methods of producing ethanol using the bacteria.

Abstract: A method for treating municipal solid waste and other waste is provided which comprises: introducing said waste into a rotary autoclave which is downwardly inclined towards its discharge end and has a door at the discharge end; and injecting steam through said door into said autoclave to treat the load. A method is also provided for treating waste, comprising steam autoclaving the waste, anaerobically digesting an organic-rich fraction of the autoclaved waste, recovering methane-containing gas from anaerobic digestion, internally combusting the methane-containing gas to generate power and exhaust gas, and generating steam for autoclaving using the waste heat.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for producing aldehydes, alkanes, and alkenes are described herein. The aldehydes, alkanes, and alkenes can be used in biofuels.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a multifunctional biomemory device in which a protein having a redox potential substituted with a metal ion is directly immobilized on a substrate. The present disclosure provides an operating method in which the redox state of the protein is controlled by applying three different potentials. The present disclosure provides a biomemory device in which the metal ion of a metalloprotein is substituted to allow for artificial control of the redox potential. The present disclosure provides a new-concept biomemory device as an information storage device based on the principle of electron transfer of a naturally occurring biomolecule.

Abstract: Materials and methods are provided for producing cell-surface directed, non-naturally occurring, bioinorganic membranes for association with the cell surfaces of living cells. The methods comprise exposing a cell to an acidic biomineralization buffer environment for cell-mediated deposition of the biomineral membrane onto the surface of the cell. The methods also comprise attaching a peptide, having a net positive charge under the acidic conditions, to the cell surface for serving as a template in directing the cell-mediated deposition of the biomineral membrane onto the surface of the cell.

Abstract: This invention is made to provide a formed article which ensures, for example, that an active substance included therein and a substance outside capsules can effectively come in contact with each other without suffering influences such as a pressure loss. This invention is a formed article having a plurality of cells formed in a polymer (A), (1) each cell including an active substance, (2) the polymer (A) having pores, each pore communicating with other pores and having a diameter in the range of 1 nm to 1 ?m, and (3) the internal wall of each cell and the active substance being substantially not in contact with each other.

Abstract: A metal-salen complex derivative with an excellent yield and stability is provided and a method for producing such a metal-salen complex derivative is provided. The present invention provides: metal-salen complex derivative obtained by allowing a target component composed of at least one of an enzyme, an antibody, an antigen, a peptide, an amino acid, an oligonucleotide, a protein, a nucleic acid, and a medical molecule to bind to a metal-salen complex via an amide bond or a disulfide bond; a method for producing such a metal-salen complex derivative.

Abstract: Isolated and/or purified polypeptides and nucleic acid sequences encoding polypeptides from Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius are provided. Further provided are methods for modulating or altering recombination inside or outside of a cell using isolated and/or purified polypeptides and/or nucleic acid sequences from Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for creating a binding protein that recognizes a rationally chosen recognition sequence in which a first amino acid has been substituted for a second amino acid using site-directed mutagenesis of a member protein of a set of proteins at an identified position or positions correlated with recognition of a chosen specified target module in the recognition sequence. A system is provided for automating the storage and manipulation of the correlations between positions and types of amino acid residues in the binding protein with specific modules at specified positions in the target recognition sequence and for designing and creating proteins with novel specificities.

Abstract: The present invention provides host cells that have been genetically manipulated to have an enhanced capacity to produce proteins of interest. In particular, the invention relates to modified Bacillus sp. Host cells that have at least one inactivated phr gene. The enhanced production of proteins of interest by the modified Bacillus sp. Host cells is further increased in modified Bacillus sp. Host cells that overexpress YmaH.

Abstract: A system and method for using a pulse flow to circulate algae in an algae cultivation apparatus are provided. In order to counteract the negative effects of biofouling on algae cultivation equipment, a pulse flow is created to periodically move through an algae cultivation apparatus. The pulse flow will dislodge algae cells adhering to various surfaces of the apparatus, and it will also create turbulence to stir up any algae cells which may have settled onto the bottom of the apparatus. To produce an increased fluid flow rate required to create an effective pulse flow, a sump, which is periodically filled with drawn algal culture from the apparatus, is located at an elevated position above the apparatus. When released, the algal culture travels through a transfer pipe and into the apparatus with gravity causing the algal culture to flow at a very high rate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a photobioreactor for cultivating photosynthetic micro-organisms, comprising: a) at least one cultivation container (1) for containing the culture medium (3) of the micro-organisms, b) photovoltaic cells (2) isolated from the culture medium (3), emitting light towards the culture medium (3), and c) means (4) for powering the photovoltaic cells (2) in order to operate the photovoltaic cells in light emission mode.

Abstract: The methods are utilized to recover ammonium from waste water using CO2 acidified absorption water. The process is particularly suited for utilization of cellular matter and a CO2 rich tail gas from a syngas fermentation process and derives significant benefit from the recovery of ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium carbonate. Ammonia and ammonium are recovered from the treatment of the syngas as an ammonium rich solution, at least a portion of which is recycled to the fermentation zone to aid in the production of liquid products. A carbon dioxide rich gas produced by fermentation is used to capture the ammonia and ammonium, forming the ammonium rich solution.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of pretreating biomass in two pretreatment stages as part of a biofuel production process. The first stage pretreatment is carried out by heating the biomass to a first stage temperature of 140° C. to 180° C. for a first stage time of 30 minutes to 2 hours at a first stage pressure of 105 to 150 psig; and the second stage is carried out by heating the biomass to a second stage temperature of 190° C. to 210° C. for a second stage time of 2 to 10 minutes at a second stage pressure of 167 to 262 psig. The biomass may be initially conditioned prior to the first pretreatment stage by atmospheric steam heating and adjusting the moisture content of the biomass. Hemicellulose and inhibitors (inhibitory compounds) to downstream hydrolysis and fermentation are preferably removed between the first and second pretreating stages, more preferably after each pretreatment stage.

Abstract: Provided is a cell concentration and purification device, having: a function of continuously concentrating cells; a function of then subsequently disposing the cells continuously in a specific region of a channel; a function of simultaneously recognizing, based on an image, the shape and fluorescence emission of each single cell; and a function of recognizing the cells and then separating and purifying the same based on the data relating to the shape and fluorescence emission thereof.

Abstract: There is disclosed a device for determination of a sample from a dielectric fluid medium for a bio-specific assay device, comprising: a sampling device and a biosensor, wherein the sampling device concentrates a sample from dielectric medium by electrically focusing the sample on to a capture element and wherein said biosensor is fluidically linked to said capture element thus providing sampling and determination in a unitary device.

Abstract: The present invention concerns an apparatus for staining tissue samples, said apparatus including a reagent section or reagent containers; at least one staining section or tissue samples, a robotic head or robotic element that may move reagent to a predetermined tissue sample, said robotic element being moveable above the reagent and the staining sections, a control element that may manage a staining process, a 2-D optical sensor to detect two-dimensional image data of a relevant property and that can feed the captured image data to the control element. By providing the robotic element with a 2-D optical sensor, a common image processor may be provided having multiple functions. By using a 2-D optical image processing system, the control system of the apparatus may easily be adapted to read various types of data presentations, just as actual images for sections of the apparatus may be identified in order to assess the condition of the apparatus.

Abstract: The invention relates to a digester tank for a biogas plant. The interior of the digester tank is at least partially surrounded by media-tight, pressure-tight and thermally insulating walls. The digester tank has thermally insulating exterior wall segments. The thermally insulating exterior wall segments form a self-supporting polygonal ring.

Abstract: The methods of harvesting cells are provided, wherein the methods comprise introducing a processing material and a source material into a processing loop. The processing loop comprises a processing chamber and a filtering device. The processing material and the source material are circulating through the processing chamber and the filtering device, wherein the processing chamber has a mass; balancing an influx of the processing material into the processing chamber with a permeate flux of the filtering device to maintain the mass of the processing chamber at a constant value; and collecting the cells in a collection chamber. Cell harvesting devices are also provided for processing and harvesting cells using a control law to balance the mass of the processing chamber through the entire process.

Abstract: A microtiter plate based cell culture system comprising an improved cell culture insert which is suitable and used for the cultivation of adherent cells and/or three-dimensional tissues.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new methods to promote sialylation of glycoconjugates, including recombinant glycoproteins, in glycoconjugate production systems. The invention relates to methods to promote efficient glycoconjugate sialylation in recombinant expression systems, by providing simpler and more economical ways to produce large intracellular pools of sialic acid precursors. The invention is directed to nucleic acids, vectors, and cells harboring vectors comprising nucleic acids encoding enzymes involved in the synthesis of sialic acid precursors, and cells harboring these nucleic acids in combination with nucleic acids encoding glycosyltransferases, including sialyltransferases, to facilitate the production of humanized recombinant glycoproteins in bacterial, fungal, plant, and animal cell expression systems.

Abstract: Albumin-supplemented and xenogeneic product-free cell culture media, cell culture media supplements, and cell culture media kits for the support of primary culture of normal non-hematopoietic cells of mesodermal origin suitable for both research and clinical applications.