Abstract: A telecommunications assembly includes a chassis and a plurality of modules removably mounted within the chassis. The modules include one or more fiber optic signal input locations. The modules include optical equipment for splitting the input signals into customer output signals.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing a tracer function for networked cable systems used for data or power transmission. A self contained and self powered indicator circuit is described that enables tracing the location of both ends of a networked cable.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a downhole cable, the method including, forming a helical shape in an outer circumferential surface of a metal tube, the metal tube having a fiber element housed therein, and stranding a copper element in a helical space formed by the metallic tube. Also provided is a downhole cable including, a metallic tube having a helical space in an outer circumferential surface thereof, wherein the metallic tube has a fiber element housed therein, and a copper element disposed in a helical space formed by the steel tube. Double-tube and multi-tube configurations of the downhole cable are also provided.

Abstract: An optical backplane system is provided. The optical backplane system includes at least one transceiver, at least one optical connector, and a plurality of multimode optical fibers coupled to the at least one optical connector. Each multimode optical fiber includes a graded index glass core having a diameter in the range of 24 microns to 40 microns, a graded index having an alpha less than 2.12 and a maximum relative refractive index in the range between 0.6 percent and 1.9 percent. The optical backplane further includes a cladding surrounding and in contact with the core. The cladding includes a depressed-index annular portion. The fiber has an overfilled bandwidth greater than 2.0 GHz-km at 1310 nm.

Abstract: In some embodiments, coupled multi-core fiber is used for optical transmission. The coupled multi-core fiber includes multiple cores each supporting a spatial mode. The cores are positioned close enough to cause coupling between their modes that generates supermodes, that are used to transmit data.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a fiber distribution housing which maximizes worker's operation efficiency, simplifies arrangement of optical cables within the fiber distribution housing, and minimizes tension or stress applied to the optical cables.

Abstract: A cable management panel including a chassis and a drawer. The chassis defining rear and side openings for cable entry and exit. The drawer having a front panel that may include angled adapters. The drawer having an open rear that accommodates cables entering from the rear openings of the chassis, and that accommodates the addition of a rear wall. The cable management panel being adaptable to provide a variety of cable routing configurations to accommodate a user's particular cable routing needs.

Abstract: An optical fiber connector includes an inner housing and a fixing module sleeved in the inner housing. The fixing module includes a support member and a fastening assembly fastened to the support member. The support member has a fixing portion, and the fixing portion defines a first restricting groove. The fastening assembly includes a fastener, a fixing member, an elastic member, and a pressing member. The fixing member defines a second restricting groove. The fastener sleeves on the fixing member and the elastic member. The fastener engages with the support member, and then the elastic member is resisted between the fixing member and the fastener, thereby generating an elastic force to drive the fixing member to abut against the fixing portion. The pressing member slidably engages with the support member and resists the fixing member.

Abstract: A real time streaming geolocation method includes recording data and linking it to specific coordinates. The data is selectively stored to a database using a specialized data filtering method, and a streaming video can be created from the stored data. The streaming video can be created in real time, creating a current video simulation of a specific environment. The method also allows for interactive addition, modification and deletion of data, such as points of interest, in the video stream.

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed including a computing device configured to allow a user to view a multi-stream video from a selected angle/direction with respect to the contents of the multi-stream video, under the user's control. The multi-stream video is generated using multiple Image Acquisition Devices (IAD), such as cameras, simultaneously, consecutively, or independently filming a scene, each IAD having a different position with respect to each of the other IADs. Each image data stream obtained from each IAD may be uniquely identified to allow selective real-time playback of image data streams under user control. Each image data stream represents a corresponding viewing angle to the user. The user may dynamically change the selection of an image stream, and thus the viewing angle, while viewing a recorded scene. Multiple image streams of the same scene may be selected and viewed simultaneously to provide 3D or other visual effects.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a system and method for preventing the forgery of documents. The system and method simultaneously electronically records digital data evidencing the form of the signature, a visual and audio record of the signing event and the notarization of the document, as well as the date and time of the event as well as a high quality scan of the signed document(s). The system and method further provides global positioning coordinates at the locus of the signing as well as the recording and storage equipment, such that the location, date, time, and participants in the signing event are subject to a predefined set of information related to the signing.

Abstract: Systems and methods to create, display, and play self-explanatory video data streams for use in video surveillance are provided. Methods include displaying and playing an incident video data stream in a primary video panel on a viewing screen, and displaying and playing at least one playback session of the incident video data stream in at least one secondary video panel on the viewing screen. The at least one playback session corresponds to at least one marked key moment in the incident video data stream, and the at least one playback session is played in the at least one secondary video panel at a time corresponding to when the at least one marked key moment in the incident video data stream is being playing in the primary video panel.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus is provided. The image processing apparatus includes a reception unit which receives broadcast data; a storage unit which, in response to a time shift function being turned on, sequentially stores broadcast data received via the reception unit; and a control unit which, in response to the storage unit being filled with a predefined amount (in time) of broadcast data, generates a file in which broadcast data is stored in time order by deleting least recent broadcast data in the storage unit while storing subsequent broadcast data to most recent broadcast data in the storage unit in a spare storage space of the storage unit next to the most recent broadcast data.

Abstract: One particular implementation of the present invention may take the form of a method and system for encoding and/or transmitting high definition 3-D multimedia content. In one embodiment, the frames for each eye of a viewer may be transmitted in a frame sequential manner to a display device, with an occasional null frame included in the frame stream. The null frame may be ignored by the display device and not presented to the viewer. In another embodiment, a synchronization signal may be presented to the display device to instruct the display device on how to display the frame-sequenced frames such that the 3-D effect of the content may be achieved. The synchronization signal may be presented to the display device embedded within the frames of the content or embedded within the null frames. The synchronization signal may also be provided out of band, such as on a high definition multimedia interface (HDMI) cable.

Abstract: The disclosed methods and systems provide for the registry and authorization of media on a media player. The method involves maintaining a registry of registered media. Media to be played by the media player is compared to the maintained registry of registered media. If media is registered, authorization it then required to play the registered media.

Abstract: Method for playing back three-dimensional (3D) images includes inputting an original video file; decoding the original video file for obtaining a plurality of images corresponding to a plurality of frames; dividing each of the plurality of images into a plurality of dissected images according to an input format of the original video file; and merging the dissected images into a playback file. When the original video file is played, the dissected images of the playback file are read and rendered for playing back a corresponding 3D image. When playing back the original video file, the hardware system only performs simple tasks such as reading and rendering the dissected images, and does not require performing complicated tasks such as decoding and dividing images, consequently reducing system resources consumed and increasing playback efficiency.

Abstract: The vaporizer assembly includes a nail sub-assembly formed of a high rate of heat transfer material and an adapter assembly formed of a lower rate of heat transfer material. The nail sub-assembly includes a bowl at an upper end and a shaft extending down from the bowl. The shaft has a hollow bore passing therethrough. The nail sub-assembly is preferably formed of a titanium alloy which can be heated to high temperatures without damage thereto. The adapter has a hollow core sized to receive the shaft of the nail therein. The nail is preferably threaded along with portions of the adapter to facilitate height adjustability of the nail relative to the adapter. Lower portions of the adapter are configured to mate with a water pipe inlet tube or other downstream vapor handling device.

Abstract: A camera module (50) having a function of compensating for hand shake includes: suspension wires (16) for supporting an intermediate supporting member (13); AF springs (12a) for refraining stress to be applied to the suspension wires (16); and damper members (11) for causing a reduction in vibrations of the AF springs (12a).

Abstract: An aperture device includes: a board including an opening; a step motor capable of stopping every predetermined rotational angle; an output member including first and second pins and rotating a predetermined range by the step motor; and first and second blades driven by the output member with first and second blades respectively engaging with the first and second pins, linearly moving in opposite directions, and covering the opening to adjust an aperture area of the opening; wherein an X-axis indicates a phantom line passing through a rotational center of the output member and extending in the moving directions of the blades, and when the aperture area is a minimum, an angle between a directional line, which connects the rotational center with the first pin, and the X-axis is from minus 20 degrees to plus 30 degrees.

Abstract: A housing assembly includes a housing, a camera bezel and a retaining structure. The housing includes a plurality of latching elements. The retaining structure is fixed to the camera bezel, the retaining structure including a plurality of retaining elements corresponding to the latching elements. Each retaining element is bent to latch with one of the latching elements so the camera bezel is fixed to the housing.

Abstract: An optical communication system including optical transmission systems each includes a transmission processing unit and a receiving processing unit, wherein the transmission processing unit includes an optical transmission unit that converts electric signals into optical signals, an auxiliary optical transmission unit that converts a part of the electric signals into an optical signal having a wavelength other than wavelengths of the optical signals generated by the optical transmission unit, and outputs the generated optical signal to a different transmission processing unit, and a wavelength multiplexing unit, and the receiving processing unit includes a wavelength demultiplexing unit, an optical receiving unit that converts the optical signals having the wavelengths of the optical signals generated by the optical transmission unit into electric signals, respectively, and an auxiliary optical receiving unit that converts the optical signal having the wavelength of the optical signal generated by the auxilia

Abstract: There is provided an optical network apparatus included in an optical network in which alarm information including a type and a position of a generated failure is transferred, the optical network apparatus including: a reception unit configured to detect alarm information from a received signal, generate alarm code information representing content of an alarm from the alarm information, and transmit a signal including the alarm code information; a transfer unit configured to switch and transfer the signal transmitted from the reception unit; and a transmission unit configured to replace the alarm information included in the signal transferred from the transfer unit, based on the alarm code information, setting information of the transmission unit and setting information of the reception unit, and to transmit the signal including the replaced alarm information.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising an optical transmitter, a coarse tuner coupled to the optical transmitter and having a first tuning range, a fine tuner coupled to the optical transmitter and having a second tuning range smaller than and within the first tuning range, a wavelength division demultiplexer coupled to the optical transmitter and to a plurality of optical fibers, and a detector coupled to the optical transmitter and the wavelength division demultiplexer.

Abstract: A communications network element comprises an input to receive an input optical signal having an input spectral property and carrying input traffic, an output and a monitoring port. Optical signal processing apparatus to receive the input signal and to form an output optical signal having an output spectral property and carrying output traffic. An optical splitter to tap off a part of one of the input signal and the output signal to form a tapped signal having a respective one of the input spectral property and input traffic, and the output spectral property and output traffic. Optical signal transforming apparatus to receive the tapped signal and to apply an optical transfer function (OTF) to it to form an optical monitoring signal, and to provide the monitoring signal to the monitoring port. The OTF preserves the spectral property of the tapped signal and applies a time-domain obfuscation to the tapped signal.

Abstract: An OADM device is provided with a variable optical attenuator 73 for attenuating a light signal into which a received light signal is demultiplexed by an optical demultiplexing functional unit 71, a modulating circuit 7 for piggybacking an ID number of a corresponding transmitting port onto the light signal by using the variable optical attenuator, an optical reception detector 84 for detecting the light level of a light signal received via a receiving port, a demodulating circuit 85 for extracting the ID number from the light level detected by the optical reception detector, an ID number management unit 91 for determining whether the ID number extracted by the demodulating circuit matches an ID number set thereby, and a notifying unit 9 for notifying a connection failure occurring in an optical patch cable 14 when the ID number management unit determines that there is a mismatch between the ID numbers.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a semiconductor device includes an analog/digital conversion unit, a pulse width modulation unit outputting a transmission signal, the transmission signal being a pulse pattern corresponding to a digital signal output from the analog/digital conversion unit, a reference signal generation unit generating a reference signal, the reference signal being a fixed pulse pattern. The device includes a first control unit selecting one of the transmission signal and the reference signal, a light emitting element drive unit outputting a drive current based on the transmission signal or the reference signal, a light emitting element driven by the light emitting element drive unit. The device includes an optical receiving unit converting the optical signal into a voltage signal, and a demodulation unit demodulating the voltage signal into a digital signal based on the transmission signal or the reference signal.

Abstract: A comparator (11) outputs, out of an electrical signal input from a trans impedance amplifier (TIA) via a coupling capacitor, pulses having amplitudes equal to or larger than a reference value as a comparison output signal (Cout). An analog holding circuit (12) charges a holding capacitor with each pulse contained in the comparison output signal (Cout) and also removes a DC voltage obtained by the charging via a discharging resistor, thereby generating a holding output signal (Hout) that changes in accordance with the presence/absence of input of an optical signal. This allows to perform an autonomous operation without any necessity of an external control signal and properly detect the presence/absence of input of an optical signal.

Abstract: An optical packet switching system includes a plurality of network elements for transmitting and receiving optical packet signals. Each network element includes an optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) acquiring unit for acquiring the OSNR of each optical packet signal, an average value calculating unit for calculating the average value of the OSNRs of optical packet signals received within a predetermined time duration for each of the plurality of source network elements, and a difference information transmitter for calculating the difference between the calculated average value of the OSNRs and a target value of the OSNRs and then transmitting the difference to a network element corresponding to the difference. A source network element that has received the difference information adjusts the characteristics of an optical packet signal to be transmitted in a manner such that the difference is reduced.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing a path based quality check for a specified bit rate in a wavelength division multiplexing optical network is described. According to one embodiment of the invention, a method selects from a database one of the available paths as a currently selected path. The database stores a representation of the available paths from an access node of the optical network to other access nodes of the optical network. The method further determines a cumulative noise, cumulative chromatic dispersion, and a maximum allowable chromatic dispersion for the currently selected path. In addition, the method determines whether the currently selected path passes the path based quality check based on whether the cumulative noise is less than the maximum allowable noise at a specific bit rate and whether the chromatic dispersion is less than the maximum allowable chromatic dispersion at the specified bit rate.

Abstract: A scheme is described of remote control of the slicing level of a receiver in a smart SFP (or SFP+, or XFP) duplex (or BiDi, or SWBiDi) transceiver in a communication system using an operating system with OAM and PP functions, an OAM, PP & Payload Processor, a transceiver, a BERT, and an optical link in the field.

Abstract: A method of processing optical signal (TE) whose power (PE) varies in a random manner in a range of variation of power (?PE) around a mean power (PE?), the processing of the optical signal (TE) generating processing noise (GELECTRONIC), characterized in that the relative variation of power (GE) of at least a temporal part at said optical signal (TE) is optically amplified.

Abstract: A scheme is described for remote control of the output power of a transmitter in a smart SFP (or SFP+, or XFP) duplex (or BiDi, or SWBiDi) transceiver in a communication system using an operating system with OAM and PP functions, an OAM, PP & Payload Processor, a transceiver, an optical power meter (optional), a BERT, and an optical link in the field.

Abstract: A method of transferring data in a projectile launching device includes providing a projectile launching device that has a transmitter and a receiver. An external device also includes its own transmitter and receiver. The receivers are in range with the transmitters. Data is sent from the transmitter on the projectile launching device to the either or both the receiver on the projectile launching device and the receiver on the external device. Data is sent from the transmitter on the projectile launching device to either or both the receiver on the projectile launching device and the receiver on the external device. As a result, the projectile launching device communicates with the external device.

Abstract: A hybrid passive optical network (“PON”) includes a time-division multiplexing (“TDM”) optical line terminal (“OLT”) and a wavelength-division multiplexing (“WDM”) OLT. The TDM OLT communicates with a first group of customer premises (“CPs”) via TDM signals while the WDM OLT communicates with a second group of CPs via WDM signals. A remote node power splitter is coupled to receive the TDM and WDM signals and broadcast both the TDM signals and the WDM signals on all of its ports facing towards the CPs. Optical filters are disposed between the remote node power splitter and the second group of CPs. Each optical filter is configured to pass a sub-group of the WDM signals while blocking other WDM signals such that each of the second group of CPs receives its own allocation of WDM signals but does not receive WDM signals allocated to other CPs of the second group of CPs.

Abstract: Presented is a system and method for distributing a network application across a plurality of geographically dispersed network sites. The system comprises a plurality of network sites connected by a shared network and interconnected by a dedicated non-blocking communication network. The system can use different interconnecting network topologies based on the number of sites to be interconnected. The method balances the network application load and resources across the interconnected network sites based on a distribution policy implemented without burdening the shared network. The method provides redundancy capabilities by detecting the loss of a network site and redistributing the network application load to the remaining network sites.

Abstract: A Layer 1 transport network, such as an Optical Transport Network (OTN), transports traffic in Layer 1 data transport units. Traffic received at a node of the transport network is mapped to Layer 1 data transport units according to destination such that each Layer 1 data transport unit carries traffic for a particular destination of the transport network. The Layer 1 transport network can carry a plurality of different traffic types and the node can map the received traffic to Layer 1 data transport units according to destination and traffic type. Identification information can be added to an overhead section associated with the Layer 1 data transport unit to indicate at least one of: traffic type and destination of the traffic carried within the data transport unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies and discloses a method, an apparatus and a system for transmitting SDH/Sonet section overhead bytes, which reduce a burden of an intermediate node of a PTN network in a process of transmitting DCC bytes in the PTN network. In the present invention, a pseudo wire is established between a local end node and a peer end node. The local end node separates target overhead bytes from section overhead bytes of an SDH/Sonet frame, where the target overhead bytes include DCC bytes; packages the target overhead bytes to obtain a dedicated overhead packet; and sends the dedicated overhead packet to the peer end node, where the dedicated overhead packet is transmitted as a service packet of the pseudo wire. The embodiments of the present invention are mainly applied to a process of transmitting an SDH/Sonet service in the PTN network.

Abstract: An optical transceiver includes an internal optical fiber coupled to optical sub-assemblies in the transceiver and is capable of maintaining a bend diameter of the internal optical fiber above a minimum bend diameter. The optical transceiver thus allows optical fiber to be used within a relatively small space within a housing of the optical transceiver without significant power loss in the optical signal carried on the optical fiber. The optical transceiver may be a small form-factor pluggable (SFP) transceiver used, for example, in an optical line terminal (OLT) and/or optical networking unit (ONU) in a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) passive optical network (PON).

Abstract: An optical de-multiplexer (de-MUX) that includes an optical device that images and diffracts an optical signal using a reflective geometry is described, where a free spectral range (FSR) of the optical device associated with a given diffraction order abuts FSRs associated with adjacent diffraction orders. Moreover, the channel spacings within diffraction orders and between adjacent diffraction orders are equal to the predefined channel spacing associated with the optical signal. As a consequence, the optical device has a comb-filter output spectrum, which reduces a tuning energy of the optical device by eliminating spectral gaps between diffraction orders of the optical device.

Abstract: An optical transceiver comprising: an optical transmitter having plurality of light sources controllable to generate optical signals in different optical channels, an output aperture, an optical multiplexer that multiplexes optical signals generated by the light sources and transmits them to exit the transceiver from the output aperture; an optical receiver having a plurality of optical sensors, an input aperture for receiving optical signals in a plurality of optical channels, a demultiplexer that demultiplexes signals received at the input aperture, and directs signals received in different channels to different optical sensors of the plurality of optical sensors; and a QSFP compliant housing that houses the transmitter and receiver.

Abstract: Methods, circuits, architectures, apparatuses, and algorithms for determining a DC level in an AC or AC-coupled signal. The method generally includes disabling the AC or AC-coupled signal; sampling the disabled AC or AC-coupled signal to obtain sampled DC values of the AC or AC-coupled signal; and calculating the DC level using the sampled DC values of the AC or AC-coupled signal. The present transmitter generally includes an electro-absorption modulated laser (EML); a photodetector; a signal source configured to provide an AC or AC-coupled signal to the EML; and a microcontroller or microprocessor configured to (i) control the signal source, (ii) receive information from the photodetector, and (iii) deactivate the signal source for a predetermined length of time. The circuits, architectures, and apparatuses generally include those that embody one or more of the inventive concepts disclosed herein.

Abstract: Tensile strained germanium is provided that can be sufficiently strained to provide a nearly direct band gap material or a direct band gap material. Compressively stressed or tensile stressed stressor materials in contact with germanium regions induce uniaxial or biaxial tensile strain in the germanium regions. Stressor materials may include silicon nitride or silicon germanium. The resulting strained germanium structure can be used to emit or detect photons including, for example, generating photons within a resonant cavity to provide a laser.

Abstract: A clock phase recovery apparatus includes a clock estimator for estimating a first clock signal and a second clock signal upon the basis of an input signal, the input signal comprising a first sub-signal according to a first optical polarization and a second sub-signal according to a second optical polarization, the first clock signal comprising a first clock magnitude and a first clock phase, the second clock signal comprising a second clock magnitude and a second clock phase, and a selector for selecting the first clock phase to form the estimated clock phase if the first clock magnitude is greater than the second clock magnitude, or for selecting the second clock phase to form the estimated clock phase if the second clock magnitude is greater than the first clock magnitude.

Abstract: Various circuit techniques for implementing ultra high speed circuits use current-controlled CMOS (C3MOS) logic fabricated in conventional CMOS process technology. An entire family of logic elements including inverter/buffers, level shifters, NAND, NOR, XOR gates, latches, flip-flops and the like are implemented using C3MOS techniques. Optimum balance between power consumption and speed for each circuit application is achieve by combining high speed C3MOS logic with low power conventional CMOS logic. The combined C3MOS/CMOS logic allows greater integration of circuits such as high speed transceivers used in fiber optic communication systems.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a container storage that is installed on a toner container and stores first information relating to a use amount of a toner in the toner container and stores second information relating to a use amount of an image holding portion, which is a component not including the toner container and including at least an image holding body from among components installed in a cartridge; a housing storage that stores at least the second information and remains in the housing when the cartridge is removed from a housing; and an information write unit that writes the second information stored in the housing storage into the container storage if the first information stored in the container storage indicates that the toner in the toner container is unused and the second information stored in the container storage indicates that the image holding portion is used.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an information rewrite unit that rewrites information stored in a storage if an empty detector detects that a toner container is empty and the toner container is at least allowed to be released, and then if the empty detector detects that the toner container is not empty.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, including: an image bearing member which bears an electrostatic latent image; a developing device including a developing container which contains a developer, a developer carrying member which carries the developer to develop the electrostatic latent image, and an electrode member provided in the developing container; voltage applying device which applies an alternate-current voltage to the developer carrying member; and a detecting device which detects information on a capacitance between the developer carrying member and the electrode member when the voltage applying device applies the alternate-current voltage to the developer carrying member in forming an image, wherein the voltage applying device has, as the alternate-current voltage, a first alternate-current voltage having a first peak-to-peak voltage and a first frequency, and a second alternate-current voltage having a second peak-to-peak voltage higher than the first peak-to-peak voltage and a second frequency lower than

Abstract: A developing unit includes a developer storage unit, a developer bearing member, an agitation member, a flexible member, and a magnet member. The developer storage unit stores a developer. The developer bearing member develops an electrostatic latent image formed on an image bearing member with the developer. The agitation member agitates the developer in the developer storage unit. The flexible member, disposed in the developer storage unit, is distorted by pressure applied by the agitation member via the developer. The magnet member, disposed on the flexible member, is displaced in response to the flexible member being distorted.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, a developer container, a first calculator, and a second calculator, wherein the first calculator calculates an amount of the developer supplied to the image bearing member from the developer container, on the basis of an amount of the developer measured by a measuring device after an image forming operation, and an amount of the developer initially contained in the developer container, and wherein the controller outputs information signal relating to the developer amount accumulated in the collection container on the basis of the amount of the developer calculated by the first calculator and the amount of the developer calculated by the second calculator.

Abstract: A recording material determination apparatus includes a transmission unit configured to transmit an ultrasonic wave, a reception unit configured to receive an ultrasonic wave transmitted from the transmission unit and then via a recording material, and a control unit configured to cause the transmission unit to transmit an ultrasonic wave a plurality of times under different conditions, measure an output value a plurality of times, and determine the recording material based on the output values measured a plurality of times.