Abstract: An ignition module includes a housing, a cam, a first lever, a second lever, and an electromagnet is provided. The cam is rotatably supported by said housing between an OFF position and an ON position. The first lever is movable between a first state restricting movement of said cam from said ON position to said OFF position and a second state permitting movement of said cam from said ON position to said OFF position. The second lever is movable between a locked state restricting movement of said first lever from said first state to said second state and an unlocked state permitting movement of said first lever from said first state to said second state. The electromagnet is movable between an extended state and a retracted state. The electromagnet movable into said extended state when energized to position and maintain said second lever in said locked state.

Abstract: An intake control device includes: an air cleaner disposed above an engine; a pair of right and left intake ducts projecting toward a front of a vehicle body from the air cleaner to take an outside air in the air cleaner; and a sensor unit coupled to a throttle cable extended from a throttle grip, and detecting an operation amount of accelerator, in which the sensor unit is disposed between the pair of right and left intake ducts at a position above the engine and below the air cleaner.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is provided. Facing pistons eliminate a cylinder head, thereby reducing heat losses through a cylinder head. Facing pistons also halve the stroke that would be required for one piston to provide the same compression ratio, and the engine can thus be run at higher revolutions per minute and produce more power. An internal sleeve valve is provided for space and other considerations. A combustion chamber size-varying mechanism allows for adjustment of the minimum size of an internal volume to increase efficiency at partial-power operation. Variable intake valve operation is used to control engine power.

Abstract: A two-cylinder engine is configured to reduce vibration. The two-cylinder engine includes a piston, a piston pin, a crankshaft of which a rotation center is positioned at a first predetermined distance from an imaginary center line of a cylinder, and a balance shaft of which a rotation center is positioned at a predetermined angle from an imaginary line perpendicular to the imaginary center line of the cylinder around the rotation center of the crankshaft for abutting onto a vehicle mounting position so as to reduce vibration.

Abstract: In a balancer device (10) including a pair of balancer shafts (11, 21), the radial bearings (41-44) for the balancer shafts are formed solely in the balancer housing (30) and/or an integral extension (52) thereof. Because a pump cover (56) provided separately from the balancer housing does not include a radial bearing for either balancer shaft, the pump cover is not required to be attached to the balancer housing when machining the radial bearing bores in the balancer housing so that the manufacturing process is simplified, and the coaxiality of the bearing halves for each balancer shaft can be ensured without difficulty as opposed to the case where the pump cover is provided with a bearing bore which is required to be aligned with the corresponding bearing bore of the balancer housing.

Abstract: A cylinder head for a vehicle has combustion chambers, each of which includes one exhaust opening and two intake openings, wherein each of the combustion chambers includes an intake port formed with one side thereof branched so as to be connected to the two intake openings, and a spark plug for igniting an air-fuel mixture within a corresponding combustion chamber, wherein an exhaust port may be connected to the exhaust opening of the respective combustion chambers, and wherein the exhaust port has one side thereof branched that may be connected to the exhaust opening of the respective combustion chambers and the other side thereof may be integrally formed in an integrated shape.

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion engine and method of construction thereof is provided. The piston includes a piston body having an upper combustion surface with a combustion bowl depending from the upper combustion surface. The piston body has a ring belt region configured for receipt of at least one piston ring adjacent the upper combustion surface. A cooling gallery is configured in radial alignment with the ring belt region. An annular combustion bowl rim region extends between the upper combustion surface and the combustion bowl, and a bonded seam extends from the combustion bowl rim region radially outwardly to the cooling gallery. The bonded seam has material properties exhibiting an enhanced ability to withstand the extreme temperature, pressure, stress and highly corrosive and erosive effects of the combustion gases relative to the surrounding material of the piston body.

Abstract: A split bearing arrangement for reciprocating engines comprises a bedplate section and a block section made of materials differing in hardness. The bedplate section includes at least a bedplate section clamping surface made of an iron material, and has at least one positioning protrusion located on the bedplate section clamping surface. The block section, made of a material having a hardness which is less than the hardness of the iron material, is adapted to be clampable and forcibly pressed against the bedplate section. When the bedplate section is first pressed into the block section, at least one positioning groove located in a block section clamping surface is formed. The at least one positioning protrusion has two longitudinal concave surfaces, two transverse concave surfaces and a substantially flat upper surface.

Abstract: An engine comprises one or more cylinders, each cylinder comprising a piston, a connecting rod, a crank shaft, and a crankpin, wherein the crankpin further comprises a main crankpin and a crankpin extension, wherein the connecting rod is affixed at one end to the piston and at another end to a first end of the crankpin extension, wherein a second end of the crankpin extension is affixed to a first end of the main crankpin, and wherein a second end of the main crankpin is affixed to the crankshaft.

Abstract: A composite power cycle engine may include a fuel injector that injects fuel into air that is or is to be supplied into a combustion chamber, a high temperature medium injector that injects a high temperature medium into the combustion chamber to increase pressure of the combustion chamber, a low temperature medium injector that injects a low temperature medium into the combustion chamber to reduce pressure of the combustion chamber, and a piston that may be disposed in the combustion chamber to slidably move therein and that transforms gas expansion or contraction energy into kinetic energy, wherein the high temperature medium injector or the low temperature medium injector increases or reduces the pressure of the combustion chamber so as to generate power.

Abstract: A toroidal combustion chamber shape with side injectors is being developed for an opposed-piston engine. Favorable combustion characteristics of such configuration are transferred to a conventional engine, i.e., one with a combustion chamber delimited by a piston, a cylinder wall, and a cylinder head. At least one injector is disposed in the cylinder head at the periphery. The fuel is injected substantially along the plane of interface between the cylinder head and the cylinder block. The intake system is configured to provide a swirling flow in the combustion chamber. The fuel is injected in an angle that is displaced from the central axis of the cylinder and directed along the swirl. In some embodiments, a substantially torus-shaped volume is formed between the piston and the cylinder head when the piston is at top center. The injector or injectors spray fuel into the toroidally-shaped volume substantially tangent to the torus.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for processing a fuel cut starting or releasing the fuel cut using a tilt angle of a vehicle or a clearance angle of an acceleration pedal. An exemplary embodiment of the present invention can reflect driving habit or acceleration intention of a driver by interlocking a clearance angle of the acceleration pedal in addition to starting or releasing a fuel cut according to a tilt angle of a vehicle, thereby increasing fuel efficiency driving or convenience of driving. The exemplary embodiment of the present invention can improve stability of driving by applying a haptic technology.

Abstract: A method for launching a vehicle is disclosed. The method comprises, during operation with an idle engine speed prior to a pedal tip-in, increasing alternator and boost pressure while maintaining the idle engine speed, and decreasing alternator load responsive to the pedal tip-in. In this way, increased turbocharger output may be used to quickly accelerate the vehicle.

Abstract: A method for improving exhaust after treatment initial warm up during engine starting is presented. In one example, the method adjusts an engine air flow amount to a level where a desired substantially constant heat flux is provided by the engine to an exhaust after treatment device. The method may reduce fuel consumption and a need for a vacuum pump to provide vacuum to vacuum consumers of a vehicle during exhaust after treatment heating.

Abstract: A fuel supply system of a vehicle, may include a fuel tank storing ethanol therein, a main injector installed at an engine to inject the ethanol from the fuel tank, a heater provided to heat the ethanol supplied from the fuel tank to the engine, a cold-starting injector installed at the engine to inject the ethanol heated by the heater, and a valve unit connected to the main injector and the cold-starting injector and performing a switching operation between a state of the ethanol being supplied from the fuel tank to the main injector and a state of the ethanol heated by the heater being supplied to the cold-starting injector.

Abstract: A damping element implemented for damping a vibration transmitted between an injection valve and a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine may include a base body substantially shaped as a ring washer and at least one first contact segment fixedly coupled to the base body and protruding past the base body in a first axial direction and a second contact segment fixedly coupled to the base body and protruding past the base body in a second axial direction opposite the first axial direction. The first at least one contact segment has a radial offset from the longitudinal axis that is unequal to a radial offset of the second contact segment from the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: Provided is a combustion generating device of an internal combustion engine, which is capable of performing very precise flame control through a simple structure which does not need a prechamber and reducing harmful exhaust gas through low-temperature rapid combustion. The combustion generating device includes: an ignition system generating a spark; and an injector generating a mixture by mixing air and fuel and injecting a flame into a combustion chamber, the flame being generated by applying the spark to the mixture.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has a fuel supply device, wherein the fuel supply device includes a fuel pump, a fuel pressure damper, an injection valve, and a fuel pressure regulator. The fuel pressure damper has a damper membrane separating a damper chamber and a damper back chamber from each other. The damper chamber of the fuel pressure damper is loaded with a first reference pressure. The fuel pressure regulator regulates a pressure of fuel supplied by the fuel pump to the injection valve based on a second reference pressure of the fuel pressure regulator. The first reference pressure and the second reference pressure are adjusted relative to each other.

Abstract: An independent fuel injection system of a compressed natural gas (CNG) engine, may include a cylinder head having an intake port of an engine using CNG as fuel; an intake manifold communicating with the cylinder head so as to supply external air to the cylinder head; and an injection module installed at a predetermined portion of the intake manifold adjacent to the cylinder head and injecting the CNG fuel toward the intake port.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle includes at least one cylinder, an injection valve associated to the cylinder for direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of the cylinder. The injection valve is received in a receiving opening of a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine and held by a support element in the receiving opening. The support element is secured in its rotational position by a formfitting engagement of a first formfit element on the injection valve, and by a formfitting engagement of a second formfit element on the cylinder head. A support element of this type ensures a particularly satisfactory securement of the rotational position of the injection valve. In the event of structural changes to the cylinder head or at the injection valve, it is only necessary to adapt the support element so that such modifications can be realized particularly inexpensively.

Abstract: A vapor gas discharging apparatus for a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), which includes a vapor line disposed between a canister and a fuel tank, wherein a purge line may be connected to the canister for transferring vapor gas from the canister to an engine, may include a discharging nipple formed to the canister and employed to supply air to the canister, an air supply line connected to the discharging nipple of the canister for supplying the air to the discharging nipple, a two-way valve connected to an end of an exhaust pipe and an end of the air supply line, and controlled for selectively communicating air flow between the air supply line and the exhaust pipe or between the air supply line and the outside of the air supply line, and a conduction member disposed in the air supply line between the two-way valve and the discharging nipple.

Abstract: An oil-electricity separation type diesel heater comprises an outer shell (2), heating bars (1) and a temperature controller (3). Each of the heating bars (1) includes an electrode piece, a heating piece and an outer covering shell, and is connected to the wiring end of the temperature controller (3) by the electrode piece, and fixedly connected to the outer shell (2) by one end. The temperature controller (3) is arranged inside the outer shell (2), the gaps of the outer shell (2) are filled with a pouring sealant, and a hole (5) is arranged on the outer shell (2) to fix the heater at a mounting position. The heater produced by heating elements can rapidly and evenly be conducted to the diesel so as to reduce the viscosity of the diesel and improve its fluidity, and then optimize the combustion process of the diesel oil. The heater is low-cost, compact in structure, safe and reliable, and convenient for maintenance.

Abstract: A fluid-guiding housing, in particular a gas-, oil-, fuel- or water-guiding housing (12), of an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle, with an electrically operated heating device (33) for heating fluid in the housing (12) is described. At least one wall (18, 20) of the housing (12) is equipped with an electrically heating textile (32).

Abstract: A fuel delivery system for a vehicle includes a fuel injector that meters fuel flow and provides for preheating fuel to aid combustion. A control circuit including a synthetic inductor drives a heated element within the fuel flow.

Abstract: An air supply system is provided that uses two sets of rotors on a common set of shafts to boost air in two stages. The air supply system includes a housing and a first and a second rotatable shaft at least partially within the housing. A first and a second pair of rotors are included. Each pair of rotors has a first rotor supported for rotation on the first shaft and a second rotor supported for rotation on the second shaft. The housing has an inlet at the first pair of rotors, an outlet at the second pair of rotors, and an internal chamber between the first and the second pairs of rotors. Air flow from the inlet to the outlet thereby has a first pressure boost from the inlet to the internal chamber and a second pressure boost from the inlet chamber to the outlet.

Abstract: A method for providing air to a combustion chamber of an engine, the engine including a compressor and a boost tank selectably coupled to an intake manifold. The method comprises admitting air from the compressor to the intake manifold via a main throttle valve, storing some air from the compressor in a boost tank, and discharging some of the air stored in the boost tank to the intake manifold via an auxiliary throttle valve distinct from the main throttle valve.

Abstract: A miller cycle engine system is provided, which includes a motorized supercharger, and a miller cycle engine (having low compression and high explosion) having the motorized supercharger mounted thereon to improve a low-revolution performance of an engine using a scavenging phenomenon due to an operation of a variable valve device (variable valve timing, variable valve lift and variable valve duration) during an operation of the motorized supercharger and to improve a fuel efficiency through down-speeding of a gear ratio of a vehicle.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fluid valve, in particular for the exhaust gas from a motor vehicle engine, comprising a body (30) defining a main duct (31) and an auxiliary duct (32) for the flow of fluid, which auxiliary duct opens into the main duct (31). The valve also comprises: a flap (1) that can move between a closed position, preventing communication between the two ducts (31, 32), and an open position, allowing communication between said ducts (31, 32); and a gasket (2) against which the flap (1) bears when in the closed position. In addition, the above-mentioned body comprises a housing (37) for a motor for actuating the flap (1). According to the invention, the body (30) is configured to define a fluid lamina (38) between the gasket (2) and the housing (37).

Abstract: An engine including a lubricated vacuum source is disclosed. In one example, engine oil entrained in gases lubricates a vacuum pump. The approach may provide for improved efficiency when generating vacuum.

Abstract: An ignition circuit for a combustion engine has an ignition coil and a control unit for the coil. The coil and the control unit are included in a common component as an ignition module. The module is supplied with voltage by a generator driven by the engine. A spark plug and the coil form a power circuit which includes a line segment to a reference potential outside the module. A sensor detects data of the engine and the output of the sensor is supplied to the module. The sensor is supplied with voltage via a sensor circuit. The sensor circuit and the power circuit use the line segment as a common connection to the reference potential, so that for a defect of the line segment, a missing connection to the reference potential in the high voltage circuit is recognized via the change of the sensor output signals.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine in which an anodic oxidation coating film is formed on all or a portion of a wall that faces a combustion chamber, wherein the anodic oxidation coating film has a structure that is provided with a bonding region in which each of hollow cells forming the coating film is bonded to the adjacent hollow cells, and a nonbonding region in which three or more adjacent hollow cells are not bonded to each other, and wherein a porosity of the anodic oxidation coating film is determined by a first void present in the hollow cell and a second void that forms the nonbonding region.

Abstract: A bowstring release assembly is adapted for connection to the wrist of a user and includes a jaw mechanism adapted to receive, retain, and release a bowstring, and an adjustable wrist strap connected to the jaw mechanism via an extension member. The adjustable wrist strap includes a flexible base member adapted to fit around the wrist of a user. A first anchor member is connected to one end portion of the wrist strap and a second anchor member connected to another end portion. A cable is fixed with respect to one of the anchor members and is adapted to engage the other of the anchor members to thereby draw the first and second end portions toward each other and cinch the adjustable wrist strap around the wrist of a user.

Abstract: This apparatus is a helical path paintball delivery system, comprising a structure with an internal helical type cavity that interfaces between a paintball marker with unique design characteristics preventing the use of alternative hoppers and any paintball hopper, regardless of manufacturer, providing a path for paintballs residing in a player's chosen hopper to flow freely from the hopper through the helical path paintball delivery connector into the firing chamber of the paintball marker.

Abstract: A multi-part cooking grate with a lower sub-grate with a first plurality of V-shaped cooking members running along a length of the lower sub-grate and having a first predetermined spacing between the first plurality cooking members along a width of the lower sub-grate, and an upper sub-grate with a second plurality of V-shaped cooking members running along a length of the lower sub-grate and having a second predetermined spacing between the second plurality of cooking members along a width of the upper sub-grate.

Abstract: A device for heating and/or cooking food, and especially baby food, including: at least one steam generator, comprising a bowl capable of receiving water, intended to turn water into steam for heating or cooking the food; at least one cooking and/or heating container, communicating with said steam generator, and receiving a removable cooking basket, capable of receiving the food to be heated and/or to be cooked; at least one closing means capable of closing the cooking and/or heating container, said means also simultaneously and reversibly closing the cooking and/or heating container and the steam generator bowl.

Abstract: The invention relates to a solar tracker having oleo-hydraulic cylinders that increase the rigidity of the system by keeping the two chambers of each cylinder pressurized, even while on stand-by. This makes the system more accurate, avoiding undesirable cylinder movement caused by oil compression. The system includes a circuit having at least one cylinder assembly (8,9), an oleo-hydraulic plant and a control system (5), wherein the oleo-hydraulic plant supplies the oil to the cylinders controlling the speed of movement of these latter, and the control system (5) supervises and controls the correct operation of the entire system and protects said system against possible accidents.

Abstract: One or more hot water solar systems or solar collection assemblies are disclosed herein. The solar collection assemblies may include an insulating support assembly for supporting a tank above a nearby ground surface. An immersion vent having improved characteristics may be provided. A BTU meter positioned within an equipment cavity and having improved characteristics may be provided. Insulated tank supports having improved characteristics may be provided. A heat exchanger to panel sizing ratio for improved performance may be provided.

Abstract: Portable apparatus for storing liquids and melting frozen liquids using solar radiation is provided. A thermally conductive vessel is at least partially enclosed within a thermally insulative case. The case is configured to transmit incident solar radiation to the vessel. The vessel is configured to absorb incident solar radiation, and conduct heat generated thereby to its contents. An insulating and solar radiation transmissive gap is provided between the vessel and the case.

Abstract: The process is for pretreating a lignocellulosic biomass feedstock and comprises: soaking a lignocellulosic biomass feedstock wherein the soaked biomass is present as a mixture with a free liquid and wherein the free liquid comprises at least one dissolved compound selected from the group consisting of glucose, xylose and respective oligomers thereof, washing the mixture of the soaked biomass and the free liquid, wherein at least a portion of the free liquid containing at least one dissolved compound selected from the group consisting of glucose, xylose and respective oligomers thereof is separated from the soaked biomass to create a soaked washed biomass and at least one free liquid stream, compressing the soaked biomass to create a released liquid, separating the released liquid from the soaked biomass, and keeping at least a portion of the released liquid separate from any free liquid.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical product in the form of an anti-snoring substance includes a container (220) containing the anti-snoring substance, the anti-snoring substance being in the form of a solution pre-concentrate. The container (220) is made by a blow-fill-seal technology, wherein the container material is Polyethylene or Polypropylene. The container (220) includes a body portion (104) containing the anti-snoring substance and a fluid outlet portion (106) configured to deliver the anti-snoring substance.

Abstract: Devices and methods for allowing for improved assisted ventilation of a patient. The methods and devices provide a number of benefits over conventional approaches for assisted ventilation. For example, the methods and devices described herein permit blind insertion of a device that can allow ventilation regardless of whether the device is positioned within a trachea or an esophagus.

Abstract: A sensor device is disclosed for providing end of service life indication for an air purification filter. The sensor device has a cylindrical housing for insertion into a sorbent bed of a filter, and can be removed from the bed and reused at the end of the filter service. One or more sensors inside the housing are configured to sense physical/chemical characteristics of air passing through the sorbent bed, and to provide associated data to a sensor conditioning board within the housing. The sensor conditioning board processes the received data and conditions the data as desired. The housing is receivable in a cavity formed in the filter bed. A receiving structure receives the housing therein. Data from the one or more sensors can be used to calculate predicted end of service life of the filter. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: An adaptor for delivering an active agent to a patient with concomitant positive pressure ventilation includes an aerosol flow channel having an aerosol inlet port and a patient interface port, and defining an aerosol flow path from the aerosol inlet port to and through the patient interface port; and a ventilation gas flow channel in fluid communication with the aerosol flow channel and having a gas inlet port and a gas outlet port, and defining a ventilation gas flow path from the gas inlet port to and through the gas outlet port, wherein the ventilation gas flow path is at least partially offset from the aerosol flow path and at least partially encircles the aerosol flow path. Systems and methods for delivering an active agent to a patient with concomitant positive pressure ventilation incorporate the adaptor.

Abstract: An adaptor (22) for use in a humidification system (10) for humidifying a flow (D) of pressurized gas to a patient interface device (18). The adaptor includes an inlet (26) structured to be coupled to a supply (12) of pressurized gas, an outlet (28) structured to be coupled to a patient interface device, a port (30) structured to be coupled to an opening of a bottle (24), a first passage (34) extending between the inlet and the port, a second passage (36) extending between the outlet and the port, and a partition disposed generally between the first passage and the second passage proximate the port. The first passage is structured to direct a flow of pressurized gas from the inlet to the port and the second passage is structured to direct a flow of gas from the port to the outlet.

Abstract: This disclosure describes systems and methods for providing novel adaptive base flow scheduling during ventilation of a patient to optimize the accuracy of estimated exhaled tidal volume. Further, this disclosure describes systems and methods for providing novel adaptive inspiratory trigger threshold scheduling during the novel adaptive base flow scheduling.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein may include systems and methods for determining a patient's respiratory effort and blood oxygen saturation based on data acquired from a pulse oximetry sensor and analyzing the parameters in conjunction with each other. For example, the respiratory effort may be determined based on a photo-plethysmographic waveform generated from light attenuation detected by the sensor, and the blood oxygen saturation may be a pulse-based estimate of arterial blood oxygen saturation determined from the detected attenuation. Analysis of the parameters may enable detection and classification of apnea (e.g., obstructive or central) or another underlying cause for respiratory instability. Furthermore, the measured respiratory effort may be compared to respiratory effort supplied by a ventilator to ensure proper sensor placement before enabling automatic adjustment of ventilator settings.

Abstract: A system comprises a respiratory delivery arrangement adapted to cover at least one respiratory orifice of a patient. The system also comprises a first conduit having a first end and a second end, the second end connected to the respiratory delivery arrangement. A positive pressure is provided to the respiratory orifice via the first conduit and a second conduit having a third end and a fourth end, the fourth end connected to the respiratory delivery arrangement. An exhaled gas is extracted from the respiratory orifice by one or both of a valve configured to redirect flow through the respiratory delivery arrangement and a venturi opening.

Abstract: A valve for a medical ventilator comprising a hollow flexible body having at least one outwardly bulging area with a curved inner surface. The hollow flexible body further comprises an inwardly protruding abuttable area positioned between two fixed end points. Further the valve comprises a flow channel located inside said hollow flexible body for passage of a fluid between an inlet and an outlet, a valve seat centrally positioned in said flow channel and an annular element circumferentially arranged around said hollow flexible body. The annular element is arranged to be movable in an axial direction along the flow channel by an actuator unit, and whereby said abuttable area is at least partially repositioned and/or reshaped to control a flow of the fluid through the flow channel.

Abstract: A respiratory mask assembly for delivering breathable gas to a patient includes a frame having a front surface and a rear surface, opposite the front surface, and adapted in use to face the patient. The frame defines an inner wall and an outer wall extending from the rear surface, the inner and outer walls being spaced to define a channel therebetween. A cushion is removably attachable to the frame such that the cushion and frame are repeatably engagable with and disengagable from one another. The cushion includes a side wall to be inserted into the channel of the frame, the side wall having a first interlocking surface that engages a second interlocking surface provided in the channel when the cushion and frame are engaged with one another. The first and second interlocking surfaces interlock with one another to removably attach the cushion to the frame.

Abstract: A cushion (10, 30, 56) for a patient interface device includes a patient contacting portion (12, 32, 60) and wall portions (18, 20, 22, 24, 34, 66, 68, 70, 72). The wall portions include a plurality of voids (26, 74) and/or orifices therein. The patient contacting portion and the wall portions may be made of a material having a hardness of between 5 and 60 on the Shore 00 scale. Also, the parts of the wall not having the plurality of voids/orifices provided therein may have a cross-sectional thickness of 4 mm or greater. The voids may include a first void provided in an inner side of a first one of the wall portions and a second void provided in an outer side of the first one of the wall portions. The first void and the second void are positioned across from and overlapping one another.