Abstract: A cylindrical lockset comprises a multiple-compartment lock cage subassembly. A retractor is housed within a middle lock cage compartment. Spindle return torsion springs, for biasing corresponding handle-carrying spindles to their default positions, are housed within axially adjacent lock cage compartments. A torque plate transfers torque from the lock cage subassembly to relatively radially distal trim posts. A knob catch assembly seated in each handle-carrying spindle comprises a generally elliptically-shaped wrap around catch spring and a knob catch backup washer to resist axial loads produced by efforts to pull a handle off of the spindle. A key spindle provides a dog travel window defined by a closed, continuous edge of the key spindle, which window is positioned opposite of an axially-extending seam of the key spindle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for producing microbial preparations for crop production and microbial preparations produced through such methods. The formulations contain microbial inoculants like Azospirillum spp. which are grown in a complex medium, lyophilized with powdered milk and further supplemented with minerals and vitamins, starch and inert substances such as talc, chalk and diatomaceous earth. The products manufactured by such methods have shelf-lives of more than 3 years. They are used to inoculate seeds, seedlings and planting materials among different agriculture and forestry species for enhancing root, root hair an shoot formation, enabling plants to efficiently use soil nutrients, supplying plants with nitrogen from the air, tolerating drought and protecting plants from root pathogenes.

Abstract: Slope surfaces of land can be eroded by rain and wind. It is necessary to vegetate a bared slope surface of land for the purpose of erosion control and environmental conservation. The present invention provides a vegetation base soil composition and a method of growing vegetation on a sloped surface for erosion control and vegetating on cut rock slope surface, such as weathered rock surface and barren soil surface. The vegetation base soil includes peat, bio-solids formed by the treatment of urban sewage, for example water treatment plant sediment, woodchip, bark, animal waste compost and clay or loam. The vegetation base soil with a microbes active material, a root activation fertilizer, an adhesive material and seeds are applied over a mesh that is secured over the sloped surface. Plants are grown in the layer of vegetation base soil.

Abstract: A method for producing a molded product of a protein-containing fraction from raw sugar beet juice includes: pre-liming the raw sugar beet juice in order to form a coagulum of non-sucrose substances forming in the obtained pre-liming juice, separating the coagulum from the pre-liming juice using at least one first separation device in order to obtain a protein-containing fraction, blending the protein-containing fraction with at least one carrier, and molding the obtained mixture comprising the protein-containing fraction and the carrier in a molding device to obtain a molded product of a protein-containing fraction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for a firm metallurgic connection of an aluminum band with a copper band through which the two bands that are moved relative to one another in their longitudinal direction are continuously cleaned from oxides in a cleaning device under protective gas at their contact surfaces and are subsequently provided to a compression device in which the bands are pressed together with their clean surfaces and connected with another to form a one-piece band including the steps: running both bands (8, 9) continuously under protective gas up to and into the compression device (4) by configuring the cleaning device (3) and the compression device (4) as a unit in a housing (7) enclosing a contiguous space, and pulling the two bands (8, 9) or the one piece band (11) through the cleaning device (3) and the compression device (4) by a pull off device (5) arranged behind (downstream) the compression device (4).

Abstract: There are provided: a seamless steel pipe formed from a cylindrical steel material billet through a hot isostatic extrusion step, wherein a depth of a contiguous flaw formed on an inner periphery surface and an outer periphery surface of the steel pipe is 50 ?m or less; a hollow spring obtained by forming a hollow body in a shape of a coil or a bar or a bar with curved part from the seamless steel pipe made of spring steel and applying a surface treatment to the hollow body so that the hollow body has compressive residual stress; and a method for producing seamless steel pipe including: a billet molding step; a first heating step; a hot isostatic extrusion step; a second heating step; an extension step; a third heating step; and a pickling step.

Abstract: A super large diameter longitudinal welded pipe forming machine set comprises an edge hollow-bending device (1), a cage roll forming machine (2) and a plate-frame type forming machine (3), wherein the edge hollow-bending device (1) includes a machine seat (1.1), a pinch centring device (1.2) and a plurality of edge bending mechanisms (1.3); the cage roll forming machine (2) is an open cage roll forming machine combined by an outer roll device (2.1) and an inner roll (2.4); each equal rigid frame of the plate-frame type forming machine (3) includes a machine frame body (3.2), an upper horizontal roll mechanism (3.4), an upper horizontal roll adjusting mechanism (3.5), a sliding seat (3.10), a supporting plate (3.11), a hydraulic cylinder (3.12), a lower horizontal roll mechanism (3.6), a lower horizontal roll adjusting mechanism (3.7), a side vertical roll mechanism (3.8) and a side vertical roll adjusting mechanism (3.9).

Abstract: A positioning apparatus and a working system which can position a workpiece with better accuracy at a lower cost and in a reduced space even when the workpiece is heavy are provided. The positioning apparatus has 3 robot arms (1)-(3) each having an arm and an actuator which drives the arm, a mounting platform (5) which is supported by the ends of the three robot arms (1)-(3), a securing jig (6) which secures a workpiece W which is mounted on the mounting platform (5) to the mounting platform (5), and a controller (9) which controls the operation of each of the actuators.

Abstract: A system and method provide a material with uniform micro-structure. In an embodiment, an equal channel angular extrusion system includes an interior mandrel. The interior mandrel includes an expanding shear material section and a contracting shear material section. In addition, the system includes a material. The material is disposed about a portion of the interior mandrel. Moreover, the system includes a pressure application device. The pressure application device applies pressure to the material to force the material to contact the expanding shear material section to provide an expanded post-shear material section. Pressure from the pressure application device applies pressure to the material to force the expanded post-shear material section to contact the contracting shear material section to provide a contracted shear material section.

Abstract: Apparatus for forming a bent sheet of foil, comprising a holder for holding a roll of foil; a motor for horizontally feeding the foil from the roll; a bending station for providing the fed foil with an angled portion; a controller for controlling a desired length of foil to be fed by commanding operation of said motor; and a cutting station for cutting said fed foil at said desired length, whereby to form constant length sheets of said foil. The controller is operable to command operation of the motor to sequentially feed the foil a first distance corresponding to a selected longitudinal dimension of the angled portion and then to feed the foil a second distance corresponding to a selected longitudinal dimension of a foil sheet to be formed.

Abstract: A production line of large diameter longitudinal welded pipe comprises a material storage table (1), a charging trolley (2), an uncoiler (3), a leveler (4), a shearing and butt welding machine (5), a movable sleeve (6), an edge milling machine (7), a steel plate flaw detector (8), a lifting table (9), a steel pipe forming machine (10), a welding device (11), a pulling device (12), a heat treatment device (13), a cooling device (14), a rigid rolling machine (15), a cut-to-length cutting machine (16) and a discharging rack (17). The production line in the present invention has the advantages including high production efficiency, stable product quality, low manufacturing cost, as well as reliable and convenient operation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system and method for radially expanding a tubular element (8). The method comprises the steps of bending the tubular element (8) radially outward and in axially reverse direction so as to form an expanded tubular section (10) extending around an unexpanded tubular section (8) wherein bending occurs in a bending zone (14); and increasing the length of the expanded tubular section (10) by inducing the bending zone (14) to move in axial direction relative to the unexpanded tubular section (8). The method includes the further step of heating the bending zone. Several embodiments to enable heating are described.

Abstract: A container, such as a beverage or food can is provided, which includes a first sidewall, a second sidewall and a bottom portion extending between the first and second sidewalls. The material of the bottom portion is stretched relative to the first sidewall and the second sidewall to form a thinned preselected profile, such as a dome. The material of the container at or about the dome has a substantially uniform thickness. The container is formed from a blank of material, which has a base gauge prior to being formed. After being formed, the material of the container at or about the dome has a thickness less than the base gauge. Tooling and a method for selectively forming a blank of material into a container, are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of producing an L-shaped product (10) which includes an L-shaped flat top wall (12), an inside wall (14) extending and connected along an inside edge (12c) of the top wall, and an outside wall (16) extending and connected along an outside edge (12d) of the top wall, each of the inside and outside walls being terminated by flange (18, 20) substantially parallel to the top wall, is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of: providing sheet metal material; providing a drawing die assembly; and stamping the sheet metal material by the drawing die assembly to produce an intermediate product. The method further comprises the steps of: providing a bending die assembly; and stamping the intermediate product by the bending die assembly to produce an L-shaped product completed.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for straightening an article are disclosed. The apparatus and method disclosed provide for the conservation of metal, reduction waste worldwide, and the extension of the useful life for an article. The apparatus may comprise an actuator, an endpiece coupled to the actuator, the endpiece including two arms, the arms defining a space therebetween; and a support member including two rails, the rails defining a space therebetween. Upon activation of the actuator, the arms engage the article disposed on the rails. Also, the space between the arms is aligned with the space between the rails. Both spaces are adapted to receive article portions such that portions within the spaces are not engaged by the arms.

Abstract: A method of avoiding a contaminant which would skew an analyte result in a breath analysis method and of calibrating subject of the breath analysis includes, immediately before the breath analysis method or the collection of breath for the breath analysis method, administering to the subject a predetermined gas composition. A system for analyzing an analyte in breath of a subject while avoiding a local contaminant which would skew an analyte result and calibrating the subject of so that the result of the analyte analysis will be the same regardless of where the test is performed geographically, includes a source of a predetermined gas composition immediately before the breath analysis method or the collection of gas for the breath analysis method, administering to the subject a predetermined gas mixture.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for weighing an article, such as a mail piece, while the article is moving at high speed. An article (900) is received from an intake transport (1200), and gripped in a weighing station (1310), in between a capstan roller and a pinch roller (1316), which are synchronized to minimize slipping. A first precision servo system (1252, 1250) alters the speed of the article, and in the process acquires torque data for storage and analysis (1212, 1282). A second precision servo system (1260,1330) applies a constant force, via a tension arm (1320), urging the pinch roller (1316) against the capstan roller, independently of the thickness of the mail piece. Active electronic damping (1900) reduces oscillation when an inconsistency in thickness of the article is encountered during weighing. The damping force is subtracted from the capstan motor torque data for improved accuracy (FIG. 20B).

Abstract: A method of calibrating a tension meter arranged to measure the tension in a mooring line of a marine asset is described. The method comprises the step of determining at least one characteristic of the catenary trajectory formed by the mooring line, and determining the tension in the mooring line based on the at least one characteristic. The characteristic may be, for example, shape of the catenary trajectory or elastic response of the mooring line. The determined tension is compared with a corresponding tension measurement from the tension meter to allow the tension meter to be calibrated. The method may be carried out during normal operations of the marine asset, such as drilling or hydrocarbon production. Computer implemented methods are described, as are methods of deriving a position map of the mooring lines. The invention may be implemented in a real-time monitoring system which forms a long-term or permanent feature of the marine asset.

Abstract: A device is described for use in performing an inground operation. An accelerometer is supported by the device for generating accelerometer readings that characterize the inground operation subject to a native temperature drift of the accelerometer. A set of compensation data is developed and stored for use in compensating for the native temperature drift. The compensation data is applied to the accelerometer readings to produce compensated accelerometer readings that externally compensate for the native temperature drift to yield an enhanced thermal performance which is improved as compared to a native thermal performance of the accelerometer. A seven position calibration method for a triaxial accelerometer is described. An air module is described which isolates the accelerometer of the device at least from a potting compound that at least fills otherwise unoccupied volumes of the device interior.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical gyroscope includes a body and a sensing mass, which is movable with a degree of freedom in response to rotations of the body about an axis. A self-test actuator is capacitively coupled to the sensing mass for supplying a self-test signal. The capacitive coupling causes, in response to the self-test signal, electrostatic forces that are able to move the sensing mass in accordance with the degree of freedom at an actuation frequency. A sensing device detects transduction signals indicating displacements of the sensing mass in accordance with the degree of freedom. The sensing device is configured for discriminating, in the transduction signals, spectral components that are correlated to the actuation frequency and indicate the movement of the sensing mass as a result of the self-test signal.

Abstract: A target cylinder, a method for testing a superhard component thereon, and a method for selecting an untested component for use in field applications. The target cylinder includes a first end, a second end, and a side wall extending from the first end to the second end. At least one of the second end and the sidewall is an exposed portion that makes contact with the superhard component to determine at least one property of the superhard component. The target cylinder is formed from a first material evenly distributed throughout a second material. Upon testing superhard components at one or more impact frequencies, untested superhard components are selected based upon field anticipated impact frequencies.

Abstract: A method and an on-board system for detecting impact on an impeller wheel of an aircraft engine. Deflection signals representative of the deflections on the blades of the impeller wheel are acquired. Each of the deflection signals is correlated with a pulse signal typical of an impact on a sound blade at the rotation frequency of the engine, in order to identify impacts on the impeller wheel. The impact signals are extracted from among the deflection signals. The impact signals are transmitted to the ground in order that the signals are analysed to detect defects on the blades of the impeller wheel.

Abstract: An impact testing device used for testing impact resistance of electronic devices is provided. The impact testing device includes a main body, a pneumatic pump connecting to one end of the main body and communicating with the main body, a transmitting element connecting to the other end of the main body and communicating with the main body, and an impact head fastened on the transmitting element. The pneumatic pump renders the main body a pressure to drive the transmitting element and make the impact head move to hit the testing point of the electronic device.

Abstract: The present invention describes a device and method for measuring flow rate from air flow using acoustic resonance. It is shown that the device can be used to measure breath flow rate and biomarker concentration within human breath.

Abstract: A gas chromatograph comprising a separation column for separating components of a sample of a gas mixture fed through the separation column by a carrier gas, a thermal conductivity detector including a sensing element arranged downstream from the separation column and configured to detect the separated components in a non-destructive manner and to generate a detector signal in response the detected components, an evaluation unit for evaluating the detector signals to determine concentrations of the detected components, and a further thermal conductivity detector including a further sensing element arranged immediately downstream or upstream from the thermal conductivity detector and configured to detect the separated components and to generate a further detector signal in response to the detected components, where the evaluation unit is configured to compare the detector signal with the further detector signal to recognize and signal a loss of or improper detection by the thermal conductivity detector.

Abstract: In some aspects, olfactory devices include a housing having a first inlet and a second inlet, an ambient air inlet cartridge defining a channel in fluid communication with the first inlet, and a position sensor. The ambient air inlet cartridge includes a first member defining a first orifice, and a second member moveable relative to the first member, the second member defining a second orifice, where a degree of overlap between the first orifice and the second orifice controls a flow capacity of the channel. The position sensor signals the degree of overlap between the first orifice and the second orifice.

Abstract: A photoacoustic sensing device includes a laser tuned to emit light to cause optical absorption by a gas to be detected, a resonant acoustic sensor positioned to receive pressure waves from the gas, wherein the laser is modulated to match a resonant frequency of the resonant acoustic sensor, and a first mirror positioned to receive light from the laser after the light has passed through the gas and to reflect the received light back through the gas to cause additional optical absorption.

Abstract: A device and method for facilitating convenient functional testing of a duct detector is provided. The device includes a duct detector having a remote-controlled test light mounted in a housing thereof, and a detector chamber defined by a filter screen and a plurality of labyrinth members that allow light emitted by the test light to enter the detector chamber. A functional test of the duct detector can be conducted by activating the test light. If the detector is functioning properly, an amount of light emitted by the test light will be detected by the light detector, thereby simulating the presence of an excessive amount of particulate within the detector chamber. The light detector will then generate an output signal that will cause the actuation of alarms and/or the deactivation of a blower system, thereby indicating functionality of the duct detector.

Abstract: An environmental sampling system for use with a mobile support device, the environmental sampling system includes a body with a surrounding sidewall that is about a longitudinal axis to define a body interior, further included is a sensor disposed therethrough the surrounding sidewall, wherein the sensor is in fluid communication with the interior. Also, an inlet portion is adjacent to the surrounding sidewall, wherein the inlet portion is in fluid communication with the interior, and an outlet portion that is adjacent to an opposing end of the surrounding sidewall, wherein the outlet portion is in fluid communication with the interior, and a means for initiating gas movement therethrough the inlet portion, the body, and the outlet portion is provided to enhance the sensor gas contaminant detection performance.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of diazonium salts for the formation of thick layers on at least one surface of a substrate. The diazonium salts used in the invention have the following formula (I): wherein R is a group that can be electrochemically reduced in a reversible manner to a cathodic potential between 0 and ?1.5 V, E is a spacer chain consisting of at least one aromatic cyclic group having between 5 and 6 links, optionally containing at least one heteroatom preferably selected from N, S, O or P and optionally substituted by at least one group selected from the C1-C5 alkyls and the halogens, r is 1 or 2, m is a whole number between 1 and 5 inclusive, p is a whole number between 1 and 5, and B is a counter-ion. The invention can be especially applied to the field of gas sensors.

Abstract: A testing system and method for performing integrity testing in a gas piping system include using a motorized pump to pressurize the piping system. A pressure sensor is used for measuring the pressure in the piping system, and an input device receives inputs from an operator related to a test to be performed. An output device is provided for communicating information to the operator. A control system includes at least one controller and is configured to: control the pump to pressurize the piping system to a predetermined pressure, receive inputs from the pressure sensor, and output data related to the pressure of the piping system.

Abstract: An apparatus having a vacuum vessel that has a mechanism using a lubricant therein and not causing defects and faults to samples introduced into the vacuum vessel even it is an apparatus where lubricating oil or grease is applied is provided. An apparatus having a vacuum vessel that has a mechanism using a lubricant therein such as CD-SEM, in which a lubricant (oil, grease) whose adsorption amount per minute to a surface of a material introduced into the vacuum vessel of an apparatus for evaluating a lubricant after the start of vacuum evacuation and after reaches a quasi-equilibrium state is below 0.09 ng/cm2 is employed.

Abstract: A system and method for determining at least one fluid characteristic of a downhole fluid sample using a downhole tool are provided. In one example, the method includes performing a calibration process that correlates optical and density sensor measurements of a fluid sample in a downhole tool at a plurality of pressures. The calibration process is performed while the fluid sample is not being agitated. At least one unknown value of a density calculation is determined based on the correlated optical sensor measurements and density sensor measurements. A second optical sensor measurement of the fluid sample is obtained while the fluid sample is being agitated. A density of the fluid sample is calculated based on the second optical sensor measurement and the at least one unknown value.

Abstract: A fully automatic extraction and analysis system for biologically active samples significantly simplifies the analysis of, for example, DMS samples and has significant advantages over the manual technology and the partially automated technology (punching out). The described extraction system is the first economical alternative to conventional blood analysis and supports the spread of said time-, cost-, and animal-saving technology in pharmacology and toxicology.

Abstract: A method and device for the detection of low-level harmful substances in a large volume of fluid comprising using a concentrator system to produce a retentate and analyzing the retantate for the presence of at one harmful substance. The concentrator system performs a method comprising pumping at least 10 liters of fluid from a sample source through a filter While pumping, the concentrator system diverts retentate from the filter into a container. The concentrator system also recirculates at least part of the retentate in the container again through the filter. The concentrator system controls the speed of the pump with a control system thereby maintaining a fluid pressure less than 25 psi during the pumping of the fluid; monitors the quantity of retentate within the container with a control system, and maintains a reduced volume level of retentate and a target volume of retentate.

Abstract: A syringe with a syringe cylinder and a syringe, with a seat for the syringe cylinder and an axially displaceable piston seat for the syringe piston, comprising an encoding on the syringe cylinder with encoding elements as protrusions and deepenings at seven encoding positions, checking elements in the form of further protrusions and further deepenings at seven checking positions, each being disposed between two encoding positions, wherein the encoding elements and the checking elements have six protrusions in total, and a guiding structure to align the syringe on a further guiding structure with each encoding element and with each checking element to a sensing element, said further guiding structure being disposed in the seat of the metering device and having a certain position with respect to an annular sensing device for sensing the encoding by sensing elements of the metering device that are across the circumference.

Abstract: A surface texture measuring method includes: moving a stylus toward an origin point; and, when the stylus reaches the origin point, braking the stylus to be stopped after overrunning the origin point waiting for a measurement start command (approach section setting operation); bringing the stopped stylus into contact with a target portion of the workpiece (workpiece setting operation); moving the stopped stylus in a measurement direction reverse to the overrunning (approach operation); and, when the stylus passes the origin point in the approach operation, continuing the movement of the stylus while acquiring data detected by the detector (measurement operation).

Abstract: An estimation device for a cylinder intake air amount in an internal combustion engine is obtained which can estimate an amount of air actually sucked into a cylinder with a high degree of accuracy by using a physical model of an intake system. A volumetric efficiency corresponding value is calculated based on an exhaust efficiency (a linear function of intake pipe internal pressure) which is an index indicating an amount of residual gas which is an exhaust gas after combustion remaining in the cylinder without being discharged from the interior of the cylinder to an exhaust pipe, and an intake efficiency (a linear function of intake pipe internal pressure) which is an index indicating an amount of air coming into the cylinder from an intake pipe excluding the residual gas, whereby the estimation is carried out to a high degree of accuracy with a small number of adaptation constants.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for an icing simulation system. The icing simulation system comprises a wind tunnel, a nozzle system, and a controller. The nozzle system is configured to spray drops of water within the wind tunnel. The controller is configured to control a number of properties of the water in the nozzle system such that the nozzle system sprays the drops of the water with different sizes for a desired type of icing condition.

Abstract: This disclosure is drawn to methods, systems, devices and/or apparatus related to determining the density of a fluid. Specifically, the disclosed methods, systems, devices and/or apparatus relate to determining the density of a fluid in situ (e.g., in a downhole tool) under the Earth's surface using extrapolation and/or interpolation technique(s). Some example methods may include obtaining a fluid sample from a formation, measuring, in a downhole tool, a plurality of density values of the fluid sample, each density value being measured at a distinct pressure level within a pressure range, and extrapolating and/or interpolating the plurality of density values of the fluid sample to a pressure level different that the distinct pressure in which the density value is measured. Some example methods may include tuning one or more Equation-of-State model based, at least in part, on the density values.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for extracting, analyzing, and storing gas in a drilled core on a ship.

Abstract: A system and method collects at least one measurement within a borehole formed in a formation. The system and method provides a drill collar made of a non-conductive or substantially non-conductive composite material positioned within the borehole. A downhole component is capable of collecting at least one measurement and is embedded within the composite material of the drill collar. The at least one measurement collectable by the downhole component is related to the borehole or the formation about the borehole.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring the bending on a drill bit operating down hole in a well may comprise at least three pockets circumferentially spaced equidistantly around the drill collar of the drill string to which the drill bit is attached. Four strain gauges are equidistantly circumferentially spaced around each of the pockets so as to form first and second sets of strain gauges. The strain gauges in the first set are connected into one Wheatstone bridge while the gauges in the second set are connected in a second bridge. Each of the strain gauges that are oriented similarly within each of the pockets are connected in series within a single leg of a bridge so that the output voltage of the bridge is unaffected by bending in the drill string. The output of first bridge is used to determine the bending on the drill bit.

Abstract: An exemplary method and apparatus for function testing of plastic containers which have been produced in an extrusion blow molding method and include an ascending tube. The apparatus being configured to determine the flow rate of a fluid medium through the ascending tube. The determined flow rate is compared to a set flow rate range, and when upper and lower boundaries for the flow rate are not reached or are exceeded, the container is excluded from further processing and removed from the process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a level gauge system for determining a filling level of a product contained in a tank, comprising a transceiver for generating, transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals; a signal propagating device connected to the transceiver and arranged to propagate a transmitted electromagnetic signal along a generally vertical path towards a surface of the product inside the tank, and to return a surface echo signal resulting from reflection of the transmitted electromagnetic signal at the surface of the product contained in the tank; and processing circuitry connected to the transceiver and configured to determine the filling level based on the surface echo signal. A surface of the signal propagating device comprises a surface portion that exhibits a wettability defined by a contact angle between the surface portion and water being less than 30°.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed towards a sliding liquid level sensor which is mounted in a fuel tank of a vehicle for detecting a remaining amount of a liquid fuel in the tank. The liquid level sensor has a float, a plurality of electrodes, and a sliding contact point configured to slide on the electrodes in accordance with a displacement of the float. The electrodes preferably contain 100 parts by weight of a silver-palladium alloy and preferably 3-20 parts by weight of glass. The silver-palladium alloy preferably contains 20-60% by weight of silver and preferably 80-40% by weight of palladium. The sliding contact point is made from a palladium-nickel alloy that preferably contains 70-90% by weight of palladium and preferably 30-10% by weight of nickel.

Abstract: A measuring sensor includes an elongated shell part, manufactured from a synthetic gemstone material or ceramic material, is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end being arranged in a process medium to be measured. A housing structure is manufactured from a material softer than the synthetic gemstone material or the ceramic material and arranged to surround the measuring electronics. The second end of the elongated shell part is arranged to be supported against the housing structure. The elongated shell part is fastened to the housing structure by a connecting piece manufactured from a material having a hardness property between hardness properties of the material of manufacture of the elongated shell part and the material of manufacture of the housing structure.

Abstract: Apparatus related to measuring angular velocities in three-space are provided. Drive masses distributed in a plane are force-oscillated in two orthogonal directions such that gyration of the collective is performed. Sense masses coupled by flexures to the drive masses are each displaceable along a respective single degree of freedom in response to angular velocities about a vector orthogonal to that degree of freedom. Electronic circuitry measures the respective sense mass displacements and provides corresponding signaling. The drive masses and sense masses can be formed such that a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) device is defined.

Abstract: A gyroscope includes a body, a driving mass, which is mobile according to a driving axis, and a sensing mass, which is driven by the driving mass and is mobile according to a sensing axis, in response to rotations of the body. A driving device forms a microelectromechanical control loop with the body and the driving mass and maintains the driving mass in oscillation with a driving frequency. The driving device comprises a frequency detector, which supplies a clock signal at the frequency of oscillation of the driving mass, and a synchronization stage, which applies a calibrated phase shift to the clock signal so as to compensate a phase shift caused by components of the loop that are set between the driving mass and the control node.

Abstract: An angular velocity sensor includes a sensor element having a shape defined in an XYZ space, and can detect an angular velocity about a Z axis. The sensor element includes a support body extending in a direction of an X axis, an arm connected with the support body, and a weight connected with the arm. The arm has a first end connected with the support body and a second end connected with the weight. The arm has substantially a J-shape including a first arm portion extending in a direction of a Y axis from the first end to a first corner, a second arm portion extending in the direction of the X axis from the first corner to a second corner, and a third arm portion extending in the direction of the Y axis from the second corner to the second end. The length of the arm in the direction of the X axis is larger than the length of the weight in the direction of the X axis. This angular velocity sensor can improve the sensibility to angular velocity about the Z axis.