Abstract: A control device of a motor unit includes a housing, and a circuit board that is housed in the housing. The circuit board includes a first substrate portion which is fixed to a side wall and in which heat dissipation components are fitted onto a first main surface, a second substrate portion in which a second main surface faces the first main surface of the first substrate portion, and heating elements are fitted onto the second main surface, and a first connecting portion that connects an end portion of the first substrate portion with an end portion of the second substrate portion. The heating elements and the heat dissipation components face each other.

Abstract: An electric machine is disclosed having a stator and a rotor, the stator comprising one or more windings that “turn” between passes through the stator. The turn portions of the windings are cast within a heat-conductive material such as aluminum that conducts heat away from the turn portions. The casting also defines a cavity for the flow of a heat-carrying fluid (such as water) to remove heat more efficiently from the turn portions. In some embodiments, the windings are electrically insulated (for example, using a ceramic insulator) before the casting.

Abstract: The invention refers to a direct drive electric generator for a wind turbine provided with rotor salient poles and a ladder-like cryostat for housing superconductive coils and keeping them at a cryogenic temperature while the interior of the cryostat is kept free of coolant. The invention achieves optimal thermal insulation of the coils without the need of a continuous re-filling of the cryostat and ensuring a good distribution of the magnetic field avoiding the use of expensive materials.

Abstract: An electric machine including a housing having a body including an inner surface that defines an interior, a first end defining an opening exposing the interior, and a second end. A stator is fixedly mounted to the inner surface of the housing. A rotor is supported within the interior. The rotor defines an axis of rotation. An end cover extends across the opening adjacent one of the first end and the second end of the stator. A cooling system is carried by the end cover. The cooling system includes a body having a cooling fluid plenum, a plurality of stator nozzles and a plurality of rotor nozzles. The stator nozzles are configured and disposed to direct multiple jets of a coolant toward the stator and the plurality of rotor nozzles are configured and disposed to guide multiple jets of the coolant toward the rotor.

Abstract: An architecture of interconnected electronic power modules for a polyphase rotary machine, comprising electrically interconnected power modules (5) and a connector (6) including one or more layers formed by pluralities of conductive traces borne by plates, such as to connect the power modules (51 to 53) to one another and to electrical elements of the rotary machine. The power modules (51 to 53) comprise a plurality of connection elements (510 to 530) brazed directly to components of the power modules (51 to 53) and, in the upper part, to conductive traces of the connector (6). This architecture includes a heat sink (4) equipped with open cavities (41 to 43) for receiving the power modules (51 to 53). A polyphase rotary machine is also provided using such an architecture, in particular a dual three-phase alternator with synchronous rectification.

Abstract: A motor is disclosed, the motor including a housing, a stator mounted on the housing, and including a stator core having a plurality of teeth, an insulator and a coil, a rotor core rotatatively disposed at a center of the stator and centrally having a space unit, and a magnet module mounted on a surface of the rotor core, wherein the magnet module includes a plurality of magnets each having a predetermined size, and a guide plate having an embossed unit accommodated by the plurality of magnets and attached to an inner surface of the magnet.

Abstract: A rotary electric starter machine including an electric motor, a housing surrounding the motor, and a pinion connected to the motor, at least one of the motor and the housing comprising a magnetically active portion of the machine, wherein the magnetically active motor portion is made of an enhanced performance steel material having a flux density at a given magnetizing force level that is at least about 20% less than the flux density at the given magnetic force level of a conventional low carbon steel material chosen from the group consisting of AISI 1008 and AISI 1010 steel.

Abstract: A spindle motor includes a base member formed of a magnetic material; a lower thrust member installed in the base member; a shaft fixedly installed on at least one of the lower thrust member and the base member; a sleeve rotatably supporting the shaft by fluid dynamic pressure and disposed above the lower thrust member to form a thrust dynamic pressure bearing together with the lower thrust member at the time of rotation thereof; a rotor hub coupled to the sleeve to rotate together therewith; and an upper thrust member fixedly installed on the shaft to be positioned above the sleeve and forming a thrust dynamic pressure bearing together with the sleeve at the time of rotation of the sleeve, wherein upward thrust dynamic pressure generated between the lower thrust member and the sleeve is greater than downward thrust dynamic pressure generated between the upper thrust member and the sleeve.

Abstract: There is provided a hydrodynamic bearing assembly including: a shaft; a sleeve disposed to be spaced apart from the shaft by a predetermined interval to form a bearing clearance therewith; and a thrust member installed on the shaft, wherein at least one of the shaft, the sleeve, and the thrust member is provided with a dynamic pressure groove for generating fluid dynamic pressure in a lubricating fluid provided in the bearing clearance, and one side of a portion of the dynamic pressure groove into which the lubricating fluid is introduced is provided with a pressure reduction preventing groove for suppressing a reduction in pressure generated at the time of introduction of the lubricating fluid.

Abstract: There is provided a spindle motor including: a base member; a shaft fixed to the base member and including a lower thrust member disposed on a lower end portion thereof and an upper flange member disposed on an upper end portion thereof; and a rotating part forming, together with the upper flange member, the lower thrust member, and the shaft, bearing clearances filled with a lubricating fluid, and rotated around the shaft, wherein the lower thrust member includes amounting part on which a stator core is mounted, and at least one of a surface of the lower thrust member disposed to face a surface of the rotating part and the surface of the rotating part includes a lower thrust dynamic pressure generating groove formed therein.

Abstract: Provided are an amorphous split core stator, which maximizes an opposing area between a plurality of split cores and magnets, increases a fill factor of coils, and which is molded by using amorphous metallic powder to thereby minimize an eddy current loss (or a core loss), and an axial gap type motor using the same. The axial gap type amorphous split core motor includes: a rotating shaft whose both ends are rotatably supported; first and second annular yokes the center of each of which is combined with the rotating shaft and that are placed at an interval therebetween; first and second rotors having a plurality of magnets that are mounted on the inner surfaces of the first and second yokes with polarities opposite to each other; and a stator having a plurality of split cores that are placed between the first and second rotors and on each of which a coil is wound, in which the split cores are molded by using amorphous metallic powder.

Abstract: A permanent magnet motor (1) is configured such that mN?K is satisfied to an integer m, where the pole number of a rotor (3) is K and the number of divided iron cores (10-12) of a stator (2) is N, and N values of r(?), r(?+360°/N), . . . , r(?+(i?1)×360°/N), . . . , r(?+(N?1)×360°/N) are equal so that the absolute value of the difference between any two of the N values becomes up to a predetermined value, where r(?) is an inner radius defined as, on a plane perpendicular to a rotary shaft (7) of the rotor (3), a distance from the rotary shaft (7) center to a surface of the stator iron core (4) facing the rotor (3) where an angle from a fitting portion (15) of the partial iron core (10) is ? on the perpendicular plane, ? taking 0 to 360°/N.

Abstract: A rotor for an electrical machine includes a base body, a plurality of permanent magnets which are arranged axially in rows on an outer surface of the base body. At least two of the permanent magnet rows are arranged so as to be mutually offset in an axial direction. First and second locking plates are respectively arranged at axial end faces of the base body to secure the rows of permanent magnets in the axial direction, with the first and second locking plates each having a surface which rests on respective axial ends of the permanent magnet rows. A bandage is wound around the base body to fix the permanent magnets to the outer surface of the base body.

Abstract: A hybrid field electric motor includes a rotor with a rotor core rotating about an axial axis and having a rotor surface with at least one sloping edge face and a radial edge face. The stator includes a stator core and radial pole faces spaced by a gap from the radial edge face of the rotor for radially directing flux into the rotor core. The stator has sloping pole faces spaced from the sloping edge face of the rotor core for flux directed into the rotor core at an angle between radial and axial. The rotor core and/or stator core are made of a soft magnetic composite material for flux in inure than one plane in the core(s).

Abstract: A synchronous machine has a rotor rotatable about an axis of rotation and a stator surrounding the rotor radially on the outside. When viewed in axial direction, the rotor has a number of rotor rings running tangentially around the axis of rotation. When viewed in tangential direction about the axis of rotation, the rotor rings each have a plurality of claws of soft-magnetic material. The claws are in the form of an L, defined by first and second limbs. An excitation device is fixed to the stator and has, for each rotor ring, a magnetic field generator which interacts with the respective rotor ring and is arranged radially inside the respective rotor ring. The magnetic field generator generates a magnetic field directed in the axial direction and is coupled magnetically to the second limb of the claws of the respective rotor ring in the region of the radially inner termination.

Abstract: A plurality of teeth of an armature core arranged in a circumferential direction each include an inner winding portion in its proximal region and first and second branch portions that extend radially and branch off in a bifurcated manner from a distal end of the inner winding portion in the circumferential direction. After winding the first to ninth coils around the inner winding portions of all of the teeth, the tenth to eighteenth coils are wound sequentially around outer winding portions of adjacent ones of the teeth each including the first branch portion of one of the two adjacent teeth and the second branch portion of the other one of the adjacent teeth.

Abstract: In a method for winding a core having an arch-like yoke portion, a tooth portion, and a tooth end portion by revolving a nozzle for feeding a conductive wire, when winding is performed in a bow-like area surrounded by an inner circumferential arc of the yoke portion and the chord thereof, upon winding on an end surface of the core, the nozzle moves so as to draw a convex-shaped trajectory proceeding from the tooth end portion side toward the yoke portion side with reference to the chord of the bow-like area, and upon winding on a side surface of the core, the nozzle returns from the yoke portion side to the tooth end portion side with reference to the chord of the bow-like area, and then moves along the side surface of the core.

Abstract: An armature for an electric motor, the armature comprising a plurality of teeth and a plurality of cavities, wherein each one of the cavities is arranged between two of the plurality of teeth, and wherein at least one of the plurality of cavities is configured and arranged for receiving coil windings adjacent to a wall portion of the at least one cavity, wherein the at least one of the plurality of cavities comprises a switching wire receptor.

Abstract: A fan stator structure includes a stator assembly having at least one first silicon steel sheet and at least one second silicon steel sheet. The second silicon steel sheet has a base section and at least one magnetic conductive section extending from the base section. The first and second silicon steel sheets are stacked to form the stator assembly. By means of the first and second silicon steel sheets, the position of the magnetic force center of the stator assembly so as to reduce noise and wear ratio and prolong the lifetime of the fan.

Abstract: A motor stator of the invention is provided with a laminated stator core comprising a plurality of core pieces having teeth and linked by intermediate thin-wall portions. The thin-wall portions are bent to form the stator core into an annular shape with two ends of the stator core joined by welding, and slots are formed between adjoining pairs of the teeth. A welded portion of the stator core is not near a center line in a radial direction of any of the slots.

Abstract: A Lamb wave device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a piezoelectric function member and a supporting member. The piezoelectric function member has a piezoelectric substrate, IDT electrodes, and a cutout portion. The IDT electrodes are disposed on the upper surface of the piezoelectric substrate. The cutout portion is formed in the piezoelectric substrate, and includes a step face provided between the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric substrate. The supporting member has a supporting surface and a cavity. The supporting surface is bonded to the lower surface of the piezoelectric substrate, and is exposed in the cutout portion toward the upper surface of the piezoelectric substrate. The cavity is formed adjacent to the supporting surface, and faces the IDT electrodes through the piezoelectric substrate.

Abstract: An ultrasonic transducer device is disclosed. The device includes a body and an ultrasonic transducer mounted onto the body. The ultrasonic transducer comprises a shoulder and an O-ring placed on the shoulder. The O-ring substantially covers the interface between the ultrasonic transducer and the body.

Abstract: The invention relates to an actuator (1) having a sensor layer (10) by means of which a temperature can be detected, and to a method for producing same.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a substrate, an electrode formed on the substrate, and a movable portion provided above the electrode, the movable portion being elastically deformable, in which the movable potion includes a shape memory alloy film.

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device, a silicon oxide film is deposited by sputtering on a surface of a single-crystal piezoelectric substrate closer to an ion-implanted region, and a silicon nitride film is deposited by sputtering on a surface of the dielectric film opposite to a side thereof closer to the single-crystal piezoelectric substrate. The silicon oxide film has a composition that is deficient in oxygen relative to the stoichiometric composition. Accordingly, little oxygen is supplied from the silicon oxide film to the piezoelectric thin film during heat treatment of a piezoelectric device. This prevents oxidation of the piezoelectric thin film and therefore formation of an oxide layer with high resistivity in the piezoelectric thin film. As a result, a pyroelectric charge generated in the piezoelectric thin film can flow to the silicon oxide film.

Abstract: An additive that contains an emulsion binder resin substantially free of non-emulsion binder resin, such as an emulsion acrylic resin, is mixed into a ceramic raw material powder containing, as its main constituent, a perovskite-type compound to form a ceramic slurry. Then, an orientational ceramic is prepared by subjecting the slurry to a forming process while simultaneously or sequentially applying a magnetic field and drying the slurry. An orientational ceramic, even formed from a substance which has small magnetic anisotropy, such as PZT, is obtained.

Abstract: A barium titanate piezoelectric ceramic having good piezoelectric properties and mechanical strength and a piezoelectric element that includes the ceramic are provided. A method for making a piezoelectric ceramic includes forming a compact composed of an oxide powder containing barium titanate particles, sintering the compact, and decreasing the temperature of the compact after the sintering. The sintering includes (A) increasing the temperature of the compact to a first temperature within a temperature range of a shrinking process of the compact; (B) increasing the temperature of the compact to a second temperature within a temperature range of a liquid phase sintering process of the compact after (A); (C) decreasing the temperature of the compact to a third temperature within the temperature range of the shrinking process of the compact after (B); and (D) retaining the third temperature after (C).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymer layer structure with ferroelectret properties, comprising a continuous first polymer layer (1) and a continuous second polymer layer (2), the first and second polymer layers (1, 2) being connected to one another to form voids (4) by connecting portions (3) arranged between the continuous polymer layers (1, 2). According to the invention, the polymer layer structure is in the form of an integral extruded structural element.

Abstract: There is provided a spindle motor including: a stator rotatably supporting a rotor; and a stator core fixed to the stator and having a front end disposed to face a driving magnet included in the rotor and a coil wound therearound, wherein the stator includes a base member, an insertion groove being formed in the base member, and having a lower portion of the coil inserted therein.

Abstract: Inner rings of bearings arranged at both ends of a rotor shaft are fixed to the rotor shaft, and outer rings of both of the bearings are arranged at bearing holding parts movably in an axial direction of the rotor. A preload imparting member is attached to one of the bearings, the preload imparting member being configured to bias the rotor shaft in one direction and to apply a biasing force to make a housing and a flange, which constitute a chassis, come close to each other.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electric motor having a rotor and a coiled stator, the rotor including a shaft and two disks that are rotatably fixed to the shaft and provided with permanent magnets, a so-called outer portion of the stator extending from each disk axially parallel to a rotational axis of the rotor and radially beyond same, from the axis. The stator includes a plurality of disjointed bars consisting of a magnetically conductive material, certain parts of which form the outer portion of the stator. The stator also has a carrier structure holding the bars such that they are fixed in relation to each other, said carrier structure being mounted in such a way that it can rotate on the shaft, axially outside the two disks. The outer portion of the stator extends parallel to the rotational axis, axially outside the disks of the rotor, up to the carrier structure.

Abstract: An encoder includes a rotary disc, a magnetic detection mechanism, an optical detection mechanism, a first detection signal generator, a second detection signal generator, and a multiple turn detector. The magnetic detection mechanism is to magnetically detect rotation of the rotary disc. The optical detection mechanism is to optically detect the rotation of the rotary disc. The first detection signal generator is configured to generate a first detection signal based on an output from the magnetic detection mechanism. The second detection signal generator is configured to generate a second detection signal having a predetermined phase difference from the first detection signal based on an output from the optical detection mechanism. The multiple turn detector is configured to detect a multiple turning amount of the rotary disc based on the first and second detection signals.

Abstract: A rotating electrical machine includes a supporting member, a stator core, a winding set, a shaft, a rotor, a magnetic generator, and a magnetic detector. The stator core has a ring-shaped yoke held inside the supporting member and tooth portions projecting from the yoke in a radial inward direction of the yoke. The winding set is wound on the tooth portions. The shaft extends through the stator core and is rotatably supported by the supporting member. The rotor is located in the stator core and rotates with the shaft. The magnetic generator is located at an end of the shaft. The magnetic detector outputs a signal indicative of a change in magnetic flux density created by the magnetic generator. The number of the tooth portions for every magnetic pole pair in the rotor is even.

Abstract: An article storage facility comprises a plurality of storage units for storing transporting containers for substrates and inactive gas feed passages for supplying inactive gas to each of the plurality of said storage units. The plurality of storage units are divided into a plurality of sections. The inactive gas feed passages include section feeding portions which supply the inactive gas to the sections, and storage unit feeding portions which divert and supply the inactive gas, that is supplied to a respective section by an associated one of the section feeding portions, to the plurality of storage units in the respective section. The article storage facility includes a bypass portion which allows communication between two or more storage unit feeding portions, and a bypass switching valve that can be switched between an open state in which the inactive gas can be communicated through the bypass portion and a closed state in which the inactive gas cannot be communicated through the bypass portion.

Abstract: A cabinet includes two opposite sidewalls and a roll door apparatus. Each sidewall longitudinally defines a number of cutouts. The roll door apparatus includes a first pole rotatably mounted between tops of the sidewalls, a roll door reeled about the first pole. The roll door has a first end mounted to the pole, and a second end opposite to the first end. A fixing piece extends from the second end of the roll door. Opposite ends of the fixing piece are engaged in two of the cutouts of the sidewalls.

Abstract: In a cabinet for electronic apparatus, even when Mg—Li alloy is employed to reduce weight of the cabinet and the cabinet is molded through presswork by using the Mg—Li alloy, neither a rough surface nor a crack appears in any bent portion of the cabinet. In a cabinet for electronic apparatus including at least one surface formed by conducting presswork for Mg—Li alloy, the surface has a plate thickness t (mm) in a range of 0.4?t?2.0, at least one bent portion between at least two of the surfaces has a radius of curvature r (mm) on an inside of the bent portion in a range of t?r, and at least one side surface standing relative to a bottom surface selected from the surfaces has a height H (mm) in a range of 0?H?r+4.

Abstract: In a cabinet for electronic apparatus, when Mg—Li alloy is employed to reduce weight of the cabinet and depressions are molded on a surface of the cabinet through presswork by using the Mg—Li alloy, neither a rough surface nor a crack appears in any bent portion forming the depressions of the cabinet. In a cabinet for electronic apparatus including a bump shape including at least one surface formed by conducting presswork for magnesium-lithium alloy, the bump shape is a shape in which a new surface formed when a reference surface before the presswork of the magnesium-lithium alloy is pushed toward the inside of the cabinet by the presswork and is placed apart from the reference surface is surrounded by the reference surface, the surface has a plate thickness t (mm) in a range of 0.4?t?2.0, and at least one bent portion constituting the bump shape has a radius of curvature R (mm) in a range of t?R.

Abstract: Provided is a washing machine having an improved structure in which a door may be firmly supported not to sag even though the door is repeatedly opened/closed for a long term while a user uses the washing machine. The washing machine includes: a main body; an opening formed in a front side of the main body; a door that opens/closes the opening; and a hinge member that allows the door to be rotatably coupled to the front side of the main body. The hinge member includes: a hinge body coupled to the front side of the main body; at least one hinge arm that extends from the hinge body; and at least one stopper that protrudes from an outer side of the hinge arm. The door includes: at least one accommodation groove in which at least a portion of the hinge arm is accommodated; and a cover plate that covers the accommodation groove to support the hinge arm and has at least one protrusion that protrudes from an inner side of the cover plate toward the hinge arm.

Abstract: A cabinet includes a top wall, a bottom wall, two opposite sidewalls, and a roll door apparatus mounted between the top and bottom walls and positioned adjacent to one of the sidewalls. The top and bottom walls each define a slide slot perpendicular to the sidewalls and a number of cutouts communicating with the corresponding slide slot. The roll door apparatus includes a rotatable pole, a roll door rolled about the pole and fixed to the pole by a first end, a locking member mounted to a second end of the roll door opposite to the first end. The locking member includes a sliding portion top and bottom ends of which to be slidably received in one of the slide slots, and an engaging portion engaged in two of the cutouts of the top and bottom walls.

Abstract: A locking mechanism, adapted for connecting a first member to a second member, is provided. The locking mechanism includes a wedging unit, a locking unit and a pushing element. The wedging unit is disposed on the first member, and includes a hook movable between a wedging position and a separation position. The locking unit is disposed on the second member, and includes a locking element disposed in the second member, wherein the locking element is movable between a locking position and a releasing position. When the pushing element is moved toward a first direction, the pushing element pushes the locking element from the locking position to the releasing position to release the hook, and when the pushing element is moved toward a second direction, the pushing element pushes the hook from the wedging position to the separation position to release the hook.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes a cover configured to be movable between a first position, in which the top of the main body is covered, and a second position, in which the top of the main body is exposed; a supporting member configured to vertically move with respect to the main body so that the rotation center of the cover is moved between an ascent position and a descent position; a cam configured to rotate together with the cover such that a cam surface abuts on the main body, thereby vertically moving the supporting member, wherein the cam has a shape to displace the rotation center to the descent position when then the cover rotates to the first position and to displace the rotation center to the ascent position when the cover rotates to the second position so that interference of the cover is suppressed.

Abstract: A track-based synchronous interlinking device comprising: a lower track on which a knurl pattern is designed; a central track completing slides relative to the lower track; an external track completing slides relative to the central track and comprising a knurl pattern; a synchronous interlinking device comprising (a) a roller bracket positioned at the central track and (b) a roller featuring flexibility and elasticity, pivoted to the roller bracket, and allowing its both sides to resist the lower track's knurl pattern and the external track's knurl pattern. As such, the present invention depends on the synchronous interlinking device to complete smooth and accurate relative slides based on a synchronous triple-track interlinking operation among the lower track, the central track and the external track.

Abstract: A pull-out guide assembly for a drawer, comprising a first guide part (2) and at least a second guide part (3) relatively and reversibly slidable in the pull-out direction of the drawer, at least one carriage (4) interposed between the first and second guide part (2, 3) and reversibly slidable in the pull-out direction of the drawer, the carriage (4) having a plurality of housing seats (8) for load-transmitting rolling elements (9) and at its ends elastically yielding stops (23, 23?) suitable for interacting with arrest elements (30, 31) provided on the first and second guide parts (2, 3) in order to the limit the relative sliding thereof, characterized in that each of said stops (23, 23?) is a component separate from the carriage (4) and has means of anchorage to the carriage (4), each stop (23, 23?) being a component separate from the carriage (4) and having means of anchorage to the carriage (4) comprising an anchorage element (28, 28?) insertable by means of mating shapes or by force or snap fitting into

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a latch apparatus configured to lock and release a home bar door. The latch apparatus includes a locking rod and a switch at an upper side of the home bar door and includes a pressing part at a front surface of the switch and a protrusion part protruding to a rear surface of the switch. A case is provided at an upper side of an opening corresponding to the position of the switch and includes a guide rail having an elliptical moving path, a rotatable cam having one end installed inside the case and other end having a locking groove with which the locking rod is locked and released, a moving shaft movable along the guide rail, a stopper to fix and release the moving shaft, and a torsion spring connected to the cam and the moving shaft.

Abstract: A door closure structure for a rotary door and a side-by-side refrigerator comprising the same are provided. The rotary door is rotatably mounted on a main body. The door closure structure comprises: a hinge assembly comprising a hinge body, a hinge plate and a hinge shaft, via which the rotary door is mounted on the main body; a supporting plate extended in a lateral direction, provided with a first hole and connected with a front end of the hinge body; a mask body fixed on the rotary door, in which a mask cavity is defined and in a surface of which a second hole is disposed; and an engaging block retractably and movably disposed in the mask cavity. A part of the engaging block is exposable out of the mask body from the second hole and engagable with the first hole to make the rotary door close the main body.

Abstract: A door closure structure for a rotary door and a side-by-side refrigerator comprising the same are provided. The door closure structure comprises: a slide passage formed in an upper end surface of the rotary door; a hinge assembly comprising a hinge body, a hinge plate and a hinge shaft; and a swing plate extended in a lateral direction, a first end of the swing plate pivotably connected to a front end of the hinge body, an angle between the swing plate and the upper end surface of the rotary door ranging from 0 to 90°; a spring having two ends connected to the swing plate and the front end of the hinge body respectively; and a roller rotatably disposed at a second end of the swing plate to catch into or roll out of the slide passage following a movement of the swing plate.

Abstract: A spark plug for use with internal combustion engines includes a metallic shell housing having a semi-cylindrical shroud partially surrounding the insulator and the center electrode and to which the ground electrode is joined. The semi-cylindrical shroud promotes improved heat dissipation from the ground electrode to the shell housing.

Abstract: Energy-saving lamps contain a gas filling of mercury vapour and argon in a gas discharge bulb. Amalgam spheres are used for filling the gas discharge bulb with mercury. A tin amalgam having a high proportion by weight of mercury in the range from 30 to 70% by weight is proposed. Owing to the high mercury content, the amalgam spheres have liquid amalgam phases on the surface. Coating of the spheres with a tin or tin alloy powder converts the liquid amalgam phases on the surface into a solid amalgam having a high tin content. This prevents conglutination of the amalgam spheres during storage and processing.

Abstract: A method for producing a phosphor layer-covered LED includes the steps of preparing a support sheet including a hard support board and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer laminated at one surface in a thickness direction of the support board and having a pressure-sensitive adhesive force capable of being reduced by application of an active energy ray; attaching an LED to the support board via the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer; disposing a phosphor layer at the one surface in the thickness direction of the support board so as to cover the LED with the phosphor layer; cutting the phosphor layer corresponding to the LED to produce a phosphor layer-covered LED including the LED and the phosphor layer covering the LED; and peeling the phosphor layer-covered LED from the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer by applying an active energy ray at least from one side in the thickness direction to the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.

Abstract: A white light source 1 of an embodiment has color temperature of 2600 [K] or more and less than 3200 [K]. The white light source of the embodiment has a ratio of a minimum emission intensity to a maximum emission intensity in a wavelength region of from 450 to 610 [nm] on an emission spectrum of 0.16 or more and less than 0.35.