Abstract: A guideway for a magnetically levitated railway is described, having a longitudinal stator linear drive comprising at least two parallel stators. The guideway includes a plurality of supports (1) arranged along a given line and adapted to form straight and curved guideway sections and stator sections mounted on the supports (1), these sections being composed of straight stator end packs (6a, f; 7a, f) and likewise straight middle stator packs (6b-3; 7b-e) arranged therebetween, the packs in the region of the curved guideway sections being laid in the manner of polygonal trains to form outer and inner stator sections (6, 7) and being separated from one another by gaps (23, 24). The stator end packs (6a,f; 7a,f) and the middle stator packs (6b-3; 7b-e) have a predetermined tooth/groove pitch (16) with reference to a conceptual space curve (2) and different “ideal” lengths which differ from one another by fractions of a tooth/groove pitch (16).

Abstract: The invention relates to an arrangement for operating a transportation system with a magnetic levitation vehicle, in which the inventive arrangement consists of an integrated transmission system including a power transmission system for inductive transmission of electric power, a linear motor for transmission of motive power and a magnetic levitation system for transmission of a carrying force and/or a lateral guiding force.

Abstract: A frictionless transport apparatus for transporting an object from a first to a second station is disclosed. The apparatus has a frame extending between the first and second stations and a carriage mounted for movement along said frame, in a levitated condition. A substantial portion of the weight of the carriage and load is supported by biasing magnets on the frame and carriage. The carriage and load are stabilized in a levitated condition by magnetic interactions between a diamagnetic plate on the carriage and a magnetic array extending along the frame. The carriage is moved in its levitated condition by a frictionless drive system, such as an electromagnetic, electrostatic, or pneumatic drive system. Also disclosed is a method of frictionless transport of an object between first and second stations.

Abstract: An integrated MAGLEV (Magnetic Levitated Vehicle) system consists of permanent or preferably superconducting vehicle-mounted magnets which interact with both active and induced track-based currents. The magnets on the vehicle which are used for propulsion serve the dual purpose of realizing both levitation and lateral stabilization (guidance). The contribution offered by this invention is that it is able to provide propulsion, levitation, and guidance using a single type of track-based coil interacting with a singular type of magnetic field which is affixed to the vehicle. The realization of multiple functions with a single coil reduces the cost and enhances the efficiency of this MAGLEV system. In the main embodiment of this invention, propulsion currents are injected into brushes sliding along brush contact surfaces on the rail, series winding further eliminates the intermediate brushes leaving only the leading set of brushes and the trailing set.

Abstract: A transport system has a pair of levitating rails, each of the levitating rails has a core with a plurality of coils extending circumferentially around each of the cores. The coils are perpendicular to the lengths of the levitating rails. Each of the levitating rails has an upper surface directly above the core. A vehicle has wheels that roll on the upper surfaces of the levitating rails in a nonlevitating position. The vehicle has a plurality of magnets that create magnetic fields that pass through the coils while the vehicle is moving along the levitating rails. The magnetic fields induce current, which in turn causes an opposing magnetic field that levitates the vehicle. A steering rail having a plurality of coils is mounted to at least one of the guideways. Permanent steering magnets are located on each side of the steering rail to magnetically steer the vehicle along the guideways.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is disclosed for reducing inductive coupling between levitation and drive coils within a magnetic levitation system. A pole array has a magnetic field. A levitation coil is positioned so that in response to motion of the magnetic field of the pole array a current is induced in the levitation coil. A first drive coil having a magnetic field coupled to drive the pole array also has a magnetic flux which induces a parasitic current in the levitation coil. A second drive coil having a magnetic field is positioned to attenuate the parasitic current in the levitation coil by canceling the magnetic flux of the first drive coil which induces the parasitic current.

Abstract: The magnetic levitation system for long distance delivery of water includes a magnetic levitation guideway and a magnetic levitation train of vehicles for carrying large amounts of water at high speed. Vehicles of the water train have a large, flexible balloon having a thick skin formed of reinforced flexible composite material for carrying water. When pressurized and filled with water, the container forms a streamlined cylinder that runs the full length of the vehicle. After delivery of the water load and depressurization, the flexible skins are depressurized and collapsed to minimize the frontal area and air drag on the vehicles. An "iron lift" guideway panel provides the magnetic lift force, with superconducting magnets on the vehicle attracted upwards to laminated steel plates attached to the guideway. Null flux aluminum loops provided for inherent stabilization.

Abstract: An integrated MAGLEV (Magnetic Levitated Vehicle) system consists of permanent or preferably superconducting vehicle-mounted magnets which interact with both active and induced track-based currents. The magnets on the vehicle which are used for propulsion serve the dual purpose of realizing both levitation and lateral stabilization (guidance). The contribution offered by this invention is that it is able to provide propulsion, levitation, and guidance using a single type of track-based coil interacting with a singular type of magnetic field which is affixed to the vehicle. The realization of multiple functions with a single coil reduces the cost and enhances the efficiency of this MAGLEV system. In the main embodiment of this invention, propulsion currents are injected into brushes sliding along brush contact surfaces on the rail. Motion induced currents in the coils realize both the necessary levitation and guidance forces for the vehicle.

Abstract: An electrodynamic suspension system levitates a platform or a transportation vehicle by an array of onboard superconducting electromagnetic coils forming a primary member overlying a secondary member on the guideway in a transverse flux orientation with respect to a plane of levitation of the moveable member above the secondary member on the guideway. The superconducting coils are energized by alternating current to produce an alternating field of magnetic flux. The frequency of the alternating current is selectable down to direct current. The frequency is selected to cause the vehicle to be levitated statically above the guideway. Once levitated the frequency is reduced as the speed of the vehicle increases along the guideway usually not in excess of 60 miles per hour.

Abstract: The electromagnetic induction suspension and horizontal switching system for a vehicle on a substantially planar guideway provides vertical lift and stability and lateral stability for a vehicle. The system provides inherent vertical lift, as well as vertical and lateral stability, including pitch, yaw and roll stability. Moreover, the suspension and stabilization system of the present invention allows electronic, horizontal switching between multiple substantially planar guideways such as a mainline guideway and a secondary guideway, which may be accomplished at speeds over 300 m.p.h. Proximal to and within a switching area at the intersection of the mainline guideway and the secondary guideway, the respective lift and stability systems for each guideway coexist and may be switched on or off, depending on the path chosen for the vehicle.

Abstract: The electromagnetic induction ground vehicle levitation guideway includes a beam support member, and a transverse structural slab member mounted on top of the beam support member. The structural slab member includes top and bottom structural plates mounted to the top and bottom surface of the structural slab member. The guideway includes vertical lift, lateral stability, and linear synchronous motor coils with a null flux geometry in the guideway that interact with superconducting magnets of the vehicle, allowing the vehicle to safely reach speeds of up to 350 mph with relatively low power consumption. A kinetic energy absorption structure is provided on the guideway that is capable of high speed mechanical braking of the vehicle if the superconducting magnets of the vehicle fail. A sloped top protective cover over the energy absorption structure is provided to minimize adhesion and buildup of snow and ice, and extends over the sides of the guideway.

Abstract: The electromagnetic induction suspension and horizontal switching system for a vehicle on a substantially planar guideway provides vertical lift and stability and lateral stability for a vehicle. The system provides inherent vertical lift, as well as vertical and lateral stability, including pitch, yaw and roll stability. Moreover, the suspension and stabilization system of the present invention allows electronic, horizontal switching between multiple substantially planar guideways such as a mainline guideway and a secondary guideway, which may be accomplished at speeds over 300 m.p.h. Proximal to and within a switching area at the intersection of the mainline guideway and the secondary guideway, the respective lift and stability systems for each guideway coexist and may be switched on or off, depending on the path chosen for the vehicle.

Abstract: An electrodynamic suspension system levitates a platform or a transportation vehicle by an array of onboard superconducting electromagnetic coils forming a primary member overlying a secondary member on the guideway in a transverse flux orientation with respect to a plane of levitation of the moveable member above the secondary member on the guideway. The superconducting coils are energized by alternating current to produce an alternating field of magnetic flux. The frequency of the alternating current is selectable down to direct current. The frequency is selected to cause the vehicle to be levitated statically above the guideway. Once levitated the frequency is reduced as the speed of the vehicle increases along the guideway usually not in excess of 60 miles per hour.

Abstract: An electromagnet for a MAGLEV system incorporates at least one superconducting coil, operating in AC mode, which surrounds a multiple-pole iron core and is constructed from a layer of epoxy-impregnated pancake coils assembled together along a common axis within a cryostat. The windings of each pancake coil may be constructed from predetermined lengths of Bi(2223) superconductor tape. The coil preferably operates at 77 K. but any temperature lying in a range of 5 K. to 80 K. may be used. Two- and six-pole/coil magnets operating in either AC or DC mode are specifically disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a coil of a magnetic levitation apparatus for supporting a moving body without contact by utilizing electromagnetic force produced by electromagnetic induction. Upper and lower stages of a two-stage induction coil arranged vertically with respect to the direction of travel of the moving body are connected so as to have mutually opposing orientations and are arranged in an asymmetrical figure-eight structure in which the heights or the numbers of turns of the upper and lower stages of the induction coil differ from each other. A guidance force large enough to offset lateral displacement of the moving body is produced, generation of a moment in the rolling direction of the moving body is reduced and non-contact support of the moving body in a region of lower velocities is made possible.

Abstract: Aircraft with full flight capability are connected to structural cables by an electrically powered drive element traveling inside the structural cables. Electricity distribution cables, part of a power distribution grid, connect to the structural cable along its length and provide power to the drive element. A linear series of annular electromagnets in the structural cable encircle a linear array of circular electromagnets in the drive element. A centralized computer controls a constantly changing phase shift in the electromagnets along the structural cable causing the drive element electromagnets to move through the structural cable without contacting the structural cable. The aircraft is connected by cables or rods to the drive elements. Retractable delta wings, an airfoil body, and a controlled angle of attack create lift maintaining the aircraft in flight as the drive element moves through the structural cable.

Abstract: The electromagnetic induction ground vehicle levitation guideway includes a beam support member, and a transverse structural slab member mounted on top of the beam support member. The structural slab member includes top and bottom structural plates mounted to the top and bottom surface of the structural slab member. The guideway includes vertical lift, lateral stability, and linear synchronous motor coils with a null flux geometry in the guideway that interact with superconducting magnets of the vehicle, allowing the vehicle to safely reach speeds of up to 350 mph with relatively low power consumption. A kinetic energy absorption structure is provided on the guideway that is capable of high speed mechanical braking of the vehicle if the superconducting magnets of the vehicle fail. A sloped top protective cover over the energy absorption means is provided to minimize adhesion and buildup of snow and ice, and extends over the sides of the guideway.

Abstract: Electromagnet arrays which can provide selected field patterns in either two or three dimensions, and in particular, which can provide single-sided field patterns in two or three dimensions. These features are achieved by providing arrays which have current densities that vary in the windings both parallel to the array and in the direction of array thickness.

Abstract: In a ground-propulsion special-purpose electromagnetic circuit for a magnetically levitated railway in which a vehicle is propelled by acting upon superconducting magnets mounted on the vehicle, there are provided beam panels placed on both side walls of a guideway, vertically extending grooves formed in each of the beam panels at a prescribed pitch, and plural-phase cables fitted in the grooves. Levitation-guidance coil molding bodies are attached so as to cover the secured plural-phase cables.

Abstract: A rotating device such as an orbital motor has a stator which includes a pair of opposed, generally annular magnetic units each comprising a plurality of groups of permanent magnets such as ceramic or ferrous magnets arranged in a side-by-side relationship, each plurality being separated from an adjacent plurality by a magnetically permeable member, such as a malleable steel member or a malleable or molded iron member, to focus the lines of magnetic flux. A core armature is rotatably secured to a rotable shaft between the opposed pair of generally annular magnetic units for rotation therebetween. A commutator is fixedly secured for rotation with the armature coil and for receiving power supplied to or received from the motor and input electrical terminals.

Abstract: A propulsion system for a magnetically movable vehicle includes at least one means for producing a horizontal magnetic field mounted to the vehicle; a conductor adjacent to, but not in physical contact with, the means for producing a horizontal magnetic filed; and means for passing direct current through the conductor; wherein, the conductor is oriented so that the current passing through the conductor will interact with the horizontal magnetic field to generate a linear force sufficient to move the vehicle.

Abstract: A positioning system stops a transport car traveling along a transport path at a predetermined stop position. The system includes a pair of members coupled together by a magnetic attraction force. One of the members is disposed at the stop position, while the other of the members is disposed on the transport car, and at least one of the members is attached to the stop position or the transport car through a damper. Alternatively, the system may include two pairs of members coupled together by a magnetic attraction force, in which one of each pair of the members is disposed at the stop position, while the other of each pair of the members is disposed on the transport car, and one member of one of the pairs of members is attached to a guide mechanism which restricts a direction of movement of the one member attached to the guide mechanism caused by the action of magnetic attraction force between the members.

Abstract: A superconducting electromagnet arrangement includes a high temperature superconducting (HTS) coil surrounding a multiple-pole iron core for levitating and propelling a MAGLEV transport vehicle along a guideway. The HTS coil operates in the DC mode at approximately liquid nitrogen temperature of 77 K to induce in the iron core magnetic forces of attraction to levitate the transport vehicle a desired distance above a set of guideway rails. A preferred embodiment includes a Bi 2223 HTS coil surrounding a C-shaped iron core. The coil is constructed from a layer of pancake coils, the windings of which are fabricated from short lengths of commercially available conductor tape. The field strength in the core and the windings of the HTS coil are respectively approximately 1.8 T and approximately 0.3 T. To ensure vehicle stability, control coils are placed around the core legs to maintain the desired air gap length.

Abstract: A propulsion and stabilization system with a plurality of superconducting magnetic devices affixed to the dual-keels of a vehicle, where the superconducting magnetic devices produce a magnetic field when energized. The system also includes a plurality of figure-eight shaped null-flux coils affixed to opposing vertical sides of slots in a guideway. The figure-eight shaped null-flux coils are vertically oriented, laterally cross-connected in parallel, longitudinally connected in series, and continue the length of the vertical slots providing levitation and guidance force. An external power source energizes the figure-eight shaped null-flux coils to create a magnetic traveling wave that interacts with the magnetic field produced by the superconducting magnets to impart motion to the vehicle.

Abstract: The invention relates to a magnetic unit having a plurality of groups of permanent magnets such as ceramic or ferrous magnets arranged in a side-by-side relationship, each plurality being separated from an adjacent plurality by a magnetically permeable member, such as a malleable steel member or a malleable iron or molded iron member to focus the lines of magnetic flux. Preferably, each of the permanent magnets within a group is also separated by an interleaved sheet of magnetically permeable material. Such a plurality of groups of permanent magnets are secured together to form a channel therebetween in which a supporting member is connected through fastening members to a movable levitated member.

Abstract: The invention relates to a magnetic unit used as a shock absorber or load leveler for a vehicle and having a plurality of groups of permanent magnets such as ceramic or ferrous magnets arranged in a side-by-side relationship, each plurality being separated from an adjacent plurality by a magnetically permeable member, such as a malleable steel member or a malleable iron or molded iron member to focus the lines of magnetic flux. Preferably, each of the permanent magnets within a group is also separated by an interleaved sheet of magnetically permeable material. Such a plurality of groups of permanent magnets are secured together to form a channel therebetween in which a supporting member is connected through fastening members to a movable levitated member which in turn is connected to the axle of the vehicle.

Abstract: An electromagnetic system for a magnetic levitation vehicle comprises a "W" shaped magnet core having a center pole wound by a superconducting coil and side poles on opposite sides of the center pole, each wound by an ambient temperature coil. Quasi-dc power is supplied to the central superconducting coil for levitation of the vehicle with respect to a rail along which the vehicle is meant to move. The ambient temperature coils are connected in series to each and other and powered with ac power for trimming and controlling the gap between the magnet and the rail.

Abstract: An inductive guidance arrangement for non-track-bound vehicles on a vehicle supporting surface. Guidance conductors laid alongside the supporting surface carry an alternating current which generates an alternating magnetic field. The actual transverse position of the vehicle relative to the alternating magnetic field is continuously detected by aerial crossed coils arranged on the vehicle at a defined distance above the supporting surface. A controller and steering apparatus arranged on the vehicle detect the actual transverse position of the vehicle relative to a desired position, and generate a steering instruction, which eliminates transversal positional deviation. The guidance conductors are arranged parallel to one another at the same vertical position, with a mutual transverse spacing of approximately 50% of the vertical height of the aerial crossed coils above the supporting surface.

Abstract: A stabilization and propulsion system comprising a series of loop-coils arranged in parallel rows wherein two rows combine to form one of two magnetic rails. Levitation and lateral stability are provided when the induced field in the magnetic rails interacts with the superconducting magnets mounted on the magnetic levitation vehicle. The loop-coils forming the magnetic rails have specified dimensions and a specified number of turns and by constructing differently these specifications, for one rail with respect to the other, the angle of tilt of the vehicle can be controlled during directional switching. Propulsion is provided by the interaction of a traveling magnetic wave associated with the coils forming the rails and the super conducting magnets on the vehicle.

Abstract: The electromagnetic induction suspension and horizontal switching system for a vehicle on a substantially planar guideway provides vertical lift and stability and lateral stability for a vehicle. The system provides inherent vertical lift, as well as vertical and lateral stability, including pitch, yaw and roll stability. Moreover, the suspension and stabilization system of the present invention allows electronic, horizontal switching between multiple substantially planar guideways such as a mainline guideway and a secondary guideway, which may be accomplished at speeds over 300 m.p.h. Proximal to and within a switching area at the intersection of the mainline guideway and the secondary guideway, the respective lift and stability systems for each guideway coexist and may be switched on or off, depending on the path chosen for the vehicle.

Abstract: A superconducting electromagnet for levitation and propulsion of a maglev vehicle running against a rail has a magnetic core having a number of salient poles extending from a surface thereof, thereby forming gaps between adjacent ones of the poles, and facing and in operative proximity with the rail. An excitation coil surrounds each pole and is positioned in the gaps on each side of the pole. A cryostat accommodates the excitation coil and is positioned in the gaps between the conducting coil and the core. A control coil surrounds each pole and is positioned in the gaps on each side of the pole for responding to fast disturbances of short duration with a transient current.

Abstract: A magnetic guidance and support system and method. The magnetic system comprises a core member and a central member. The core member includes an interior surface forming an interior, and also forms an opening in communications with that interior. The central member of the system includes an electrically conductive cylinder positioned in the interior of the core member, and connecting means connected to the cylinder and extending outward therefrom and through the opening in the core member. The magnetic system further comprises a multitude of electrical conductors axially extending along and annularly spaced around the core member, and an electric power supply connected to the electrical conductors to conduct an electric current through those conductors. When this current is conducted through the electric conductors, the conductors produce a magnetic quadrupole having a magnetic field for supporting the cylinders in the interior of the core member and spaced from the interior surface thereof.

Abstract: A magnetic levitation transport system includes magnetic levitation vehicles each driven by a linear motor to run along a track. Induction lines extend through predetermined blocks of the running track to transmit a high frequency sine-wave current. Each vehicle includes electromagnets to attract levitating magnetic members extending along the running track, a pickup coil resonant with a frequency of the induction lines to generate an electromotive force, and a battery chargeable by the pickup coil. The electromagnets receive power from the pickup coil and/or the battery.

Abstract: The invention relates to a magnetic unit having a plurality of groups of permanent magnets such as ceramic or ferrous magnets arranged in a side-by-side relationship, each plurality being separated from an adjacent plurality by a magnetically permeable member, such as a malleable steel member or a malleable iron or molded iron member to focus the lines of magnetic flux. Preferably, each of the permanent magnets within a group is also separated by an interleaved sheet of magnetically permeable material. Such a plurality of groups of permanent magnets are secured together and to a supporting member through fastening members, and are separated from the support by a non-magnetic member, such as a non-ferrous plate.

Abstract: A permanent magnet assembly including a magnet carrier supporting a plurality of permanent magnets each having the shape of a top parallelepiped portion disposed on top of a bottom parallelepiped portion, with the top and bottom portions having equal lengths, but unequal widths, such that the bottom portion defines two identically dimensioned projections on each lengthwise side of the top portion. The magnets lie on the carrier with their bottom portions. To fasten the magnets to the carrier, holders are disposed on the two projections of the bottom portion and connected to the carrier to press the magnets onto the carrier. A single holder is disposed on two facing projections of two adjacent magnets, with the width of the holders determining the spacing between adjacent magnets and therefore the pole pitch of the magnet assembly.

Abstract: A superconducting magnet for a MAGLEV vehicle has flux perturbation shielding rings mounted to the core common with superconducting magnetic coils. These rings resist rapid flux perturbations occurring in the superconducting magnet as a result of normal operational transients. The rings are, in effect, short-circuited coils fabricated from metal. One or more sets of these shielding rings may be employed along the length of the core for achieving flux regulation.

Abstract: An electrodynamic levitation system for moving from one location to another location. The system comprises a vehicle. The system also comprises a guideway along which the vehicle travels. Additionally, the system comprises a propulsion mechanism for moving the vehicle. At least a first portion of the propulsion mechanism is in contact with the vehicle and at least a second portion of the propulsion mechanism is in contact with the guideway. The system also comprises mechanism for controlling lateral guidance levitation of the vehicle with respect to the guideway as the vehicle travels along the guideway. At least a first portion of the controlling mechanism is in contact with the vehicle and at least a second portion of the controlling mechanism is in contact with the guideway. The present invention also pertains to a levitation and guidance element for an electrodynamically suspended maglev vehicle. The element comprises an electrically conductive levitation and guidance strip.

Abstract: The invention relates to a magnetic unit having a plurality of groups of ceramic magnets arranged in a side-by-side relationship, each plurality being separated from an adjacent plurality by a malleable steel member to focus the lines of magnetic flux. Preferably, each of the ceramic magnets within a group is also separated by an interleaved sheet of malleable steel. Such a plurality of groups of ceramic magnets are secured together and to a supporting member through fastening members, and are separated from the support by a non-magnetic member, such as a non-ferrous plate. A second plurality of groups of ceramic magnets are positioned adjacent to a first plurality of such groups of ceramic magnets with opposite poles of the magnets facing each other so that the first and the second pluralities of such groups of magnetics attract one another. Those forces of attraction are used to cause levitation of a vehicle such as a train.

Abstract: A superconducting magnet includes a superconducting coil, an inner tank for containing the coil, a shield plate for covering the inner tank, and an outer tank for accommodating the superconducting coil, the inner tank and the shield plate. The inner tank is supported on the outer tank by a load support member and the outer tank forms a vacuum vessel. At least one of the inner tank, the load support member, the shield plate and the outer tank includes a detection arrangement for detecting abnormality and/or deterioration of the inner tank, load support member, shield plate and outer tank associated with the respective detection arrangement.

Abstract: A positioning apparatus for a maglev vehicle includes multiple vehicle magnets. The magnets are paired For a suspension configuration, the magnets are one above the other, with a plurality of pairs arranged along the length of the vehicle. The poles are of adjacent magnets are opposite each other, transverse of the guideway. The guideway carries a conductor that is located symmetrically with respect to the two vehicle magnets. Among other things, the conductor may be a ladder, discrete coils or a helical winding. As the vehicle moves along the guideway, the voltages are induced in the circuits of the guideway conductor by the moving vehicle magnetic fields. If the vehicle is at a symmetry position with respect to the guideway, no current is induced in the guideway conductors because the magnetic fields from the pair of magnets cancel each other.

Abstract: A superconductor composite body have a plurality of superconductor elements. Each of superconductor elements has such a volume that the superconductor element is not magnetically saturated with a magnetic flux applied to the composite body. The superconductor elements are assembled in one plane into one body in a such manner that superconductor elements are electrically coupled with each other when the superconductor elements are united with the electrically conductive non-magnetic material. The superconductor elements can be simply secured or fixed to a substrate with an adhesive or other suitable manners. When the superconductor elements have a thickness 1 mm or more, a sufficient levitation force can be generated provided that a condition of the lateral area of the assembled elements which are determined by a magnetic field and a critical current density is satisfied.

Abstract: A multiple feeder system of feeder sections for feeding electricity to ground coils of a superconductive magnetically levitated railway in which a train is equipped with a superconducting magnet is provided with unit feeder sections each having a length shorter than the length of the train; and a multiple feeder line for multiplexing the unit feeder sections so as to drive the train.

Abstract: Ground coils for a magnetically levitated railway include non-flux coils with an upper coil having a main-winding portion and an intermediate terminal forming a shunt-winding portion of the main-winding portion. A lower coil having a main-winding portion and an intermediate terminal forming a shunt-winding portion of the main-winding portion. The upper coil and the lower coils are arranged one above the other and are null-flux connected at null-flux connection points. A first lead terminal is connected to one null-flux connection point and a second lead terminal is connected to the intermediate terminal of the upper coil and the intermediate terminal of the lower coil for connecting to a power source and/or for interconnecting coils on left and right sides to provide guidance forces to the superconducting coils on the vehicle.

Abstract: A propulsion and suspension system for an inductive repulsion type magnetically levitated vehicle which is propelled and suspended by a system which includes propulsion windings which form a linear synchronous motor and conductive guideways, adjacent to the propulsion windings, where both combine to partially encircling the vehicle-borne superconducting magnets. A three phase power source is used with the linear synchronous motor to produce a traveling magnetic wave which in conjunction with the magnets propel the vehicle. The conductive guideway combines with the superconducting magnets to provide for vehicle leviation.

Abstract: Normal and superconducting magnets are employed in an electromagnetic (attractive) suspension system for MAGLEV vehicles. The super conducting magnet provides the principal magnetomotive force (MMF) to the system while the normal electromagnet compensates for dynamic or transient loads on the system that vary the suspension gap. The rapid variations are slowly compensated for by the superconducting magnet thereby minimizing heat generation by a superconducting coil.

Abstract: A propulsion and stabilization system for an inductive repulsion type magnetically levitated vehicle which is propelled and stabilized by a system which includes propulsion windings mounted above and parallel to vehicle-borne suspension magnets. A linear synchronous motor is part of the vehicle guideway and is mounted above and parallel to superconducting magnets attached to the magnetically levitated vehicle.

Abstract: A magnetically levitated vehicle adapted for movement along a guideway, comprising a passenger compartment, at least first and second primary magnets and a plurality of confining magnets. The first and second primary magnets are secured on the vehicle to produce a magnetic field having a magnetic flux density extending outward from the primary magnets, to support the vehicle spaced from and to move the vehicle along the guideway. The plurality of confining magnets are disposed on the vehicle to confine the magnetic flux extending outward from the primary magnets and to reduce the strength of the primary magnetic field in the passenger compartment. Preferably, the confining magnets maintain the strength of the magnetic field in the passenger compartment below 5 gauss; and even more preferably, those magnets are used to maintain the strength of the primary magnetic field in the passenger compartment below 1 gauss.

Abstract: A superconductive magnetically levitated railway is provided with six phases of propulsion-levitation-guidance ground coils arranged on both side walls of a track, and with a pair of superconducting magnets, which are mounted on the vehicle, corresponding to the six phases of the ground coils. The ground coils are a U-phase coil, a negative W-phase coil, a V-phase coil, a negative U-phase coil, a W-phase coil and a negative V-phase coil arranged successively at a 60.degree. pitch along both side walls of the track. As a result, higher harmonics of the magnetic field produced by the propulsion-levitation-guidance ground coils can be reduced. In addition, the number of layers of the ground coils can be reduced one and the number of ground coils can be decreased.

Abstract: An expansion joint that allows a guideway of a magnetic levitation transportation system to expand and contract while minimizing transients occurring in the magnetic lift and drag forces acting on a magnetic levitation vehicle traveling over the joint includes an upper cut or recess extending downwardly from the upper surface of the guideway and a non-intersecting lower cut or recess that extends upwardly from the lower surface of the guideway. The sidewalls of the cuts can be parallel to each other and the vertical axis of the guideway; the depth of the lower cut can be greater than the depth of the upper cut; and the overall combined lengths of the cuts can be greater than the thickness of the guideway from the upper to lower surface so that the cuts will overlap, but be spaced apart from each other. The distance between the cuts can be determined on the basis of the force transients and the mechanical behavior of the guideway.

Abstract: In order to produce a ground coil for a magnetically levitated railway, coils each composed of a conductor coiled in a plurality of turns are arranged in a metal mold, and a synthetic resin forming reactive liquid is injected and cured in the metal mold by reaction injection molding. Furthermore, a plurality of base coils are produced each composed of a coil conductor coiled in a plurality of turns in a desired shape, laid in two tiers and connected in series so as to form unit coils. Two unit coils are connected so that the winding directions of them are opposite to each other and guidance terminals are formed, thereby forming a pair of levitation and guidance coils. Two pairs of levitation and guidance coils are arranged on a single plane in a metal mold so that the positional relationship among the coils is constant, and a synthetic resin forming reactive liquid is injected and integrally cured by reaction injection molding.