Abstract: A pigment dispersion comprising pigment, an aqueous carrier selected from water and a mixture of water and at least one organic solvent, and a pigment dispersant is described. The pigment dispersant is prepared by controlled radical polymerization, e.g., atom transfer radical polymerization, of a radically polymerizable monomer in the presence of a polymeric initiator having at least one radically transferable group. The polymeric initiator forms the polymeric backbone segment of the pigment dispersant, and the monomer forms polymeric segments that are pendent to the polymeric backbone segment. The pigment dispersant has comb-like architecture in which the polymeric backbone segment is hydrophobic, and at least a portion of each pendent polymeric segment is hydrophilic.

Abstract: Pigment preparations comprising an organic pigment and a phenol-modified natural resin derivative having a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of from 400 to 10,000 g/mol which is obtainable by reacting a mixture of reactants containing a) from 50 to 95% by weight of natural resin or natural resin acids, b) from 0.5 to 30% by weight of monocyclic or polycyclic phenols, c) from 0.01 to 15% by weight of aldehydes or aldehyde acetals, d) from 0.001 to 2% by weight of metal compounds from groups Ia and IIa of the Periodic Table, and e) from 4.489 to 30% by weight of &agr;,&bgr;-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids or their anhydrides and has an acid number in the range from 160 to 300 mg of KOH per g of resin, preferably from 200 to 260 mg of KOH per g of resin, are used advantageously in offset printing.

Abstract: The invention relates to mixtures containing pigments which comprise oriented three-dimensionally crosslinked substances having a liquid-crystalline structure with a chiral phase, and to the use of such mixtures. Pigment and matrix are matched to one another in such a way that on application of the mixture at different temperatures to a substrate, the lowest application temperature and highest application temperature differing by at least 10° C. and by not more than 150° C., there are no visually perceptible color differences of the pigmented paint on the substrate after drying.

Abstract: The ink of the invention comprises a vehicle and a colorant. The colorant is a water-insoluble pigment that has been chemically modified to be water dispersable by addition of functional groups to the surface of the pigment resulting in water soluble colorant particles. The performance of these pigments is improved by the addition of specific functional groups which provide improved black to color bleed control and high waterfastness.

Abstract: The present invention relates to cationic pigments having an organic group which comprises: a) at least one aromatic group, at least one C1-20 alkyl group, or both; and b) at least one cationically charged ionic group, at least one cationically chargeable ionizable group or both, and a corresponding counter-anion. The cationic pigments of the present invention have been found useful in aqueous or solvent based compositions and particularly in ink compositions, especially ink jet ink compositions. A method for preparing the cationic pigments is also disclosed.

Abstract: The ink of the invention comprises a vehicle and a macromolecular chromophore colorant. The colorant is a water-insoluble pigment that has been chemically modified to be water dispersible by addition of functional groups to the surface of the pigment resulting in water dispersible colorant particles. The performance of these pigments is improved by the addition of specific functional groups which provide improved black to color bleed control and high waterfastness.

Abstract: A viscous breakable gel additive carrier for mixing with ion containing materials, including dry powder based and calciferous materials, which in its uniform homogeneous gel form, prevents separation and settling of the additives prior to mixing and is easily measurable, and upon mixing with the ion containing materials liquefies and becomes totally and evenly miscible to allow easy and precise mixing to produce uniform homogeneous mortars, grouts, stuccos and other compositions. The gel includes a predetermined amount of selected additives thoroughly mixed with a cross-linked polyacrylic acid gelling agent, an organic chelating agent, and an alkaline electrolyte, and prior to mixing with ion containing materials, has a consistency of a custard or jelly.

Abstract: A pigment composition, which comprises70-95% by weight of a pigment of formula ##STR1## 5-15% by weight of at least one C.sub.2 -C.sub.16 alkylenedicarboxylic acid-di-C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl ester; and0-15% by weight of at least one C.sub.12 -C.sub.24 fatty acid ester of polyhydroxy-C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 alkane;each based on the total weight of the pigment composition.Also claimed is a process for the preparation of this pigment composition and its use for mass-colouring in particular high molecular weight organic materials which can be moulded as plastics or melts.The products obtained are distinguished by an improved low shear dispersibility effect at high tinctorial strength.

Abstract: Describes a free flowing particulate composition comprising, in combination, particulate amorphous precipitated silica, e.g., in the form of granules, hydrocarbon process oil, e.g., an aromatic process oil, and organic carboxylic acid having from 2 to 30 carbon atoms, e.g., stearic acid. The hydrocarbon process oil and organic carboxylic acid are sorbed on the silica and are present in amounts sufficient to measurably improve the dispersibility of the particulate amorphous precipitated silica into an elastomer as measured by percent white area. Optionally, an organosilane coupling agent may also be present in said composition. The free flowing particulate composition of the present invention is useful in reinforcing elastomers, e.g., rubbers used in vehicle tires and the soles of athletic foot wear.

Abstract: Effective anti-corrosive pigments are obtained using basic or neutral to basic polyvalent metal organophosphonates. The anti-corrosive organophosphonate pigments may optionally contain a co-acidic substance such as silica. The organophosphonate pigments provide ant-corrosive protection comparable to traditional pigments while enabling the avoidance of heavy metals.

Abstract: An adhesive-free, dry, free-flowing powder composition suitable for use in surface defect detection, where the powder composition comprises a physical mixture of particles of a colorant and particles of an extender, which mixture includes particles of colorant and particles of extender each having a particle size of less than 100 .mu.m. The powder compositions of the invention provide a simple, effective guide coat which readily highlights surface imperfections, such as scratches, orange peel effect and dry over-spray without the need for solvents. Also, there are disclosed methods of using such a powder composition to detect surface imperfections, an apparatus for applying same, a device for refilling such applying apparatus, and coated surfaces formed thereby.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for conditioning organic pigments by(a) grinding a crude organic pigment at a temperature of about 0.degree. C. to about 100.degree. C. in the presence of (i) about 1 to about 10 parts by weight, relative to the organic pigment, of an inorganic salt and (ii) about 1 to about 5 parts by weight, relative to the organic pigment, of a liquid in which the organic pigment and salt are substantially insoluble, to form a pigment paste;(b) grinding the pigment paste at a temperature of about 0.degree. C. to about 100.degree. C. in the presence of about 0.05 to about 1 parts by weight, relative to the organic pigment, of a C.sub.8 -C.sub.10 alkanoic acid to form a treated pigment paste;(c) stirring the treated pigment paste with water or water containing an acid and/or an organic liquid to complete the conditioning of the organic pigment; and(d) isolating the conditioned organic pigment.

Abstract: Colored aluminum pigments having a color pigment adhered closely, uniformly and firmly thereto through inorganic acid radical adsorbed on the surface of the aluminum pigment are suitable for use in paints, inks and molded resins. Color fading, poor chroma and processing complications commonly encountered with conventional aluminum pigments are avoided.

Abstract: Spherical agglomerates of finely divided material such as inorganic oxides are prepared by admixing a slurry of finely divided material with a solution of a partially neutralised carboxylic acid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid crystalline, photo cross-linkable main-chain polymer used as interferentially effective, chromophoric substance for colored paints, in which the main mesogenic groups are disposed at least approximately in a chiral-nematic manner. An etherified cellulose ether or a mixture of several etherified cellulose ethers is used pursuant to the invention as liquid crystalline main-chain polymer or polymers wherein:the cellulose ethers have a molecular weight of 500 to 1,000,000,the anhydroglucose units of the cellulose ethers are etherified with an average degree of molar substitution of 2 to 7 with propylene oxide or ethylene oxide units (C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O- or C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O-units), andthe cellulose ethers are etherified with an average degree of molar substitution of 1.5 to 3 with unsaturated hydrocarbon groups (C.sub.r H.sub.2r-1).

Abstract: The present invention discloses coated objects, such as car bodies, as well as coatings for coating such objects. In order to achieve new, hitherto unknown color effects with said coatings, at least some, and preferably only platelet-like interference pigments are mixed into the coating. When the coating is applied, the interference pigments automatically align themselves in a direction approximately parallel to the object surface. These interference pigments are made of liquid crystalline side chain polymers with a nematic and a chiral component, in which the side group mesogens are at least approximately nematic, smectic and/or cholesteric. Particularly intensive tones having a hitherto unknown brilliance may thus be obtained on a coated object, or a shimmering effect depending on the angle of incidence of light and viewing direction.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for converting a crude pigment into pigmentary form which comprises kneading the crude pigment in the presence of a liquid carboxylic acid and optionally a salt.

Abstract: New lysine derivatives containing a containing an alkylsulphonyl or alkylaminocarbonyl group of formula (I):COOH--CH(NH.sub.2)--(CH.sub.2).sub.4 --NH--Xin which X represents an --SO.sub.2 R or --CONHR group, where R represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, alkyl radical having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, salts thereof, and mixtures of the derivatives and the salts. A process for the preparation of these derivatives, salts, and mixtures and use of such derivatives, salts, and mixtures, especially in cosmetics. Compositions, especially cosmetic compositions, comprising the derivatives, salts, and mixtures.

Abstract: A low molecular weight copolymer reaction product of a copolymer acid of an .alpha.-olefin and an unsaturated carboxylic acid, preferably an .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, and at least one amino acid compound. The present invention includes a method of preparing the copolymer reaction product. The reaction product has excellent compatibility with other polymers, particularly polyamides. The copolymer reaction product is useful in a method to flush water from pigments.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for coloring polymeric materials by dyeing or pigmenting said polymeric materials with a pigment salt having the formula (I): ##STR1## and tautomeric forms thereof, wherein M.sup.n+ is an n-valent cation.

Abstract: A pigment coating formulation for use in cosmetics and method of application to pigments is disclosed. The combination of a carboxylic acid and a metal salt of a carboxylic acid provides for an improved coating and advantages in pigment suspension, dispersion and product stability in nail polish.

Abstract: The present invention provides for novel pigment-dispersant compositions, incorporating various pigments, such as for example carbon blacks, comprising dispersants which are esters of naphthenic acid, and higher and lower analogs thereof. The invention also provides for, processes for the preparation thereof and coating and rubber compositions comprising same. The dispersing agents employed the present invention have been found to be particularly useful as dispersing agents for conductive carbon black and other pigments.

Abstract: Pigment compositions comprisinga) at least one pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole pigment of the formula ##STR1## in which A and B, independently of one another, are isocyclic or heterocyclic aromatic radicals, and D is an oxygen or sulfur atom, andb) from 1 to 100% by weight, based on the pigment, of a nitroxyl compound or of an acid-addition salt thereof.These pigment compositions are distinguished by excellent light stability and weathering resistance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for conditioning quinacridone pigments by(a) preparing an aqueous slurry of a crude quinacridone;(b) thoroughly mixing the aqueous slurry with about 0.3 to about 2.9 parts by weight, relative to the quinacridone, of at least one C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl ester of a C.sub.7 -C.sub.12 aromatic carboxylic acid at a temperature of between about 70.degree. C. and about 200.degree. C.;(c) hydrolyzing the alkyl ester used in step (b); and(d) collecting the quinacridone pigment.

Abstract: The present invention provides for novel pigment-dispersant compositions, incorporating various pigments, such as for example carbon blacks, comprising dispersants which are esters of naphthenic acid, and higher and lower analogs thereof. The invention also provides for, processes for the preparation thereof and coating and rubber compositions comprising same.

Abstract: Diketopyrrolopyrroles of formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently of one another hydrogen, chloro, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, methoxy, phenyl, cyano or a group--X.sub.1 --V--X.sub.2 --T--A,in which at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 or R.sub.

Abstract: The invention relates to pigments whose color depends on the viewing angle, their preparation and use.These pigments comprise oriented three-dimensionally crosslinked substances of liquid-crystalline structure having a chiral phase and, if desired, further dyes and pigments, the further dyes and pigments if present not serving as base for the oriented three-dimensionally crosslinked liquid-crystalline substances having a chiral phase.

Abstract: Pigment compositions comprisinga) at least one organic pigment selected from the group consisting of diketopyrrolopyrroles, azo pigments quinacridones, quinophthalones, phthalocyanines, indanthrones, flavanthrones, pyranthrones, anthraquinones, perylenes, dioxazines, perinones, thioindigo, isoindolines isoindolinones and metal complexes andb) 0.01 to 100% by weight, based on the pigment, of a condensation or addition polymer, the recurring molecular unit of which contains at least one radical containing a nitroxyl or hydroxylamino group or is substituted by a side group containing a nitroxyl or hydroxylamino group, and copolymers thereof with one another or with nitroxyl- or hydroxylamine-free components.These pigment compositions are distinguished by outstanding resistance to light and weathering.

Abstract: Pigment compositions comprisinga) at least one organic pigment chosen from the group comprising azo pigments, quinacridones, phthalocyanines, indanthrones, flavanthrones, pyranthrones, anthraquinones, perylenes, dioxazines, perinones, thioindigo, isoindolines, isoindolinones and metal complexes andb) 1 to 100% by weight, based on the pigment, of a nitroxyl compound consisting of at least one unsubstituted or substituted 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocyclic ring containing a divalent group of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently of one another are methyl, ethyl or phenyl, or together form a 4- to 12-membered aliphatic ring,L is an aromatic radicaland Y is O.,or of an acid addition salt thereof.These pigment compositions are distinguished by an outstanding resistance to light and weathering.

Abstract: Water soluble salts of a .beta.-polyaspartic acid, i.e., a polyaspartic acid having predominantly beta linkages in the amino acid residue chain thereof, are eminently well suited as dispersants for particulate matter in an aqueous medium.

Abstract: A composition is the reaction product of(1) a alkylene diamine condensate compound containing a poly(oxyalkylene)group and having at least two --OH groups;(2) a compound other than as defined in (1) which contains at least two reactive hydrogen atoms present as --OH, --NH.sub.2 or --NHR;(3) a carboxylic acid containing at least two carboxylic acid groups or an anhydride or chloride thereof; and(4) a mono-carboxylic acid, a mono-hydroxycompound, a secondary mono-amine or a hindered primary mono-amine;where components (2) and (3) may be replaced, at least partially, by a substituted carboxylic acid. The resulting composition is non-ionic and can be used to prepare a wide range of emulsions or dispersions of solids in liquids.

Abstract: A paper coating composition is prepared containing a pigment, a binder and as an insolubilizer for the binder a zirconium chelate containing an alpha-hydroxy carboxylic acid ligand.

Abstract: Veneer surface reactive polyisocyanates can be used in combination with polyhydroxy functional polymers, preferably nitrocellulose, and isocyanate reaction catalyzing organo tin compounds in low solids film-forming formulations as a substitute for standard wash coat and/or sealer coat compositions in furniture finishing schedules to provide veneer finishes with markedly enhanced resistance to checking.

Abstract: A solid painting material comprises an alkali metal or ammonium salt of an aliphatic carboxylic acid having 8 to 36 carbon atoms as a gel-forming agent, 1 to 70% by weight of a coloring agent, 1 to 20% by weight of hydrophobic silica and 0.1 to 30% by weight of a water-soluble resin, wherein the amounts are based on the total weight of the solid painting material. The solid painting material has good painting properties and fixing ability as well as painting properties in overlap-painting. Further, if the solid painting material comprises a white pigment as a coloring agent, it can be used as a correcting agent as well.

Abstract: The present invention relates to surface-modified pigments based on platelet-shaped substrates having improved dispersibility and to their preparation and use.

Abstract: An ink jet composition useful in thermal, multi-color ink jet printers is provided that has the properties of reduced color mixing between adjacent drops of different colors when the drops are impacted onto paper during printing. The ink composition comprises an aqueous solution that consists essentially of a color dye and a bleed retarding agent. A particularly preferred bleed retarding agent is 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol.

Abstract: A pigment coating formulation for use in cosmetics and method of application to pigments is disclosed. The combination of a carboxylic acid and a metal salt of a carboxylic acid provides for an improved coating and advantages in pigment suspension, dispersion and product stability in nail polish.

Abstract: The invention relates to readily dispersible pigment formulations which are stable to flocculation and are used for pigmenting naturally occurring and synthetic materials, preferably paints and printing inks, plastics and lacquers, in particular stoving lacquers. The pigment formulations contain compounds of the general formula (I) ##STR1## in which Q.sup.1, Q.sup.2 and Q.sup.3 each denote --X--A, --OR.sup.1, --SR.sup.1, halogen, --NR.sup.2 R.sup.3 or a radical Q which is built up from up to 15 trivalent groups (Ia) such that in each case one group (Ia) is bonded via W to a free valency of the next group (Ia) or to the triazine ring of (I) and the other free valencies are bonded to --X--A, --O--R.sup.1, halogen or --NR.sup.2 R.sup.3, at least one radical --X--A being present in (I), and A stands for an aromatic system with 2 to 6 rings and at least 9 ring atoms, or stands for a group of 2 to 3 aromatic ring systems, bonded via O, S, CO, SO, SO.sub.2 or C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: A pigment (or body) composed of particles having surfaces covered with a high molecular substance containing a group of the formula --COOR, where R stands for a hydrogen or metal atom, and having an acid value of at least 200 when the R in the formula stands for a hydrogen atom. It has a high power of absorbing and holding moisture. The surfaces of the pigment particles are alternatively covered with both such a high molecular substance and a substance which makes the surfaces hydrophobic. This pigment has a good affinity for oil and yet a high power of absorbing and holding moisture. A cosmetic containing any such pigment has a high moisturizing power and provides a long makeup life.

Abstract: Improved stable, fluid, aqueous dispersion compositions comprise a pigment, an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium salt of a linear aliphatic substituted glycine such as a salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid or nitrilo triacetic acid as a stabilizing agent, and water. The dispersion composition may additionally contain a lower alkanol such as methanol and/or a water soluble plasticizer such as propylene glycol. Coating compositions for use as a film coating for tablets and the like contain the above-described stable, fluid, aqueous dispersion composition, a water soluble plasticizer, a film coating resin, and water. The described fluid, aqueous dispersion compositions have been found to remain stable for extended periods exceeding six months.

Abstract: A paper additive of high whiteness and low biological toxicity comprising a whitening amount of a compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is H or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl R' is independently H or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl, R" is H or NR'.sub.n, and n is 2 or 3, wherein if n=3 the compound further comprises X.sup.-, wherein X.sup.- is an anion.A paper of high whiteness and low biological toxicity is coated or filled with the above additive, and a food product is packaged with the paper of this invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to lamina-shaped pearlescent pigment preparations of improved flowability, wherein the starting pigments have been coated with preferably 0.2-20% by weight of a saturated monocarboxylic acid having 10.degree.-25.degree. C. atoms or of a cyclohexanone condensate resin.

Abstract: Polyaddition product the molecule of which is characterized by the presence of one group ##STR1## Method to prepare the above mentioned product and dispersions in polar and non polar diluents which contain the said product in addition with solid organic or inorganic particles.

Abstract: The invention relates to cementitious compositions having improved fluidity and dispersability and to a method for producing same. For the present invention an ester derived from a polyoxyethylene glycol and a polycarboxylic acid, e.g. polymeric fatty acids or polycarboxylic adduct acids, is included with the cement, aggregate, water and any other additives which may be present. The esters can be partial esters or the polycarboxylic acids may be fully esterified with the polyoxyethylene glycol.

Abstract: Grinding crude pigments together with inorganic grinding aids, for example rock salt and dialkyl phthalates, phenoxyethanol, 2-phenylethanol and/or dialkyl benzoates gives soft-textured pigments which produce strong colorings of higher transparency and/or higher cleanliness of hue than prior art pigments.

Abstract: A finely-divided ceramic solid dispersion of low viscosity is obtained using as a dispersant an organic compound containing at least one carbonyl C-17-alkyleneoxy group, for example a derivative of 12-hydroxystearic acid or ricinoleic acid or low molecular weight polymeric derivative thereof. The composition may be dry or may be dispersed in an organic medium such as an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon.

Abstract: A dispersing agent of the formula ##STR1## wherein ##STR2## is the residue of a polyester chain having a molecular weight of at least 1000; ##STR3## is the residue of an aliphatic or aromatic amino acid; and --O--A--O--is the residue of a metal salt Me(OH).sub.2, Me(OCOR.sub.1).sub.2 or Me(OH).sub.2 --OCOR.sub.1, wherein R.sub.1.COO--is the residue of a carboxylic acid,optionally in combination with an aliphatic diamine NHR.sub.2 --T--NH.sub.2, wherein R.sub.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1-20 alkyl, and a salt of said diamine and a residual carboxylic acid deriving from the polyester mixture. The dispersing agents are useful for dispersing pigments and dyes in organic liquids.

Abstract: An oil-soluble viscosity-reducing additive made by combining an amine and a polybasic organic acid permits the incorporation of large proportions of pigment into pigment dispersions. The increased proportion of pigment provides advantages in the manfacture of inks.

Abstract: A bulked kaolin pigment is prepared by mixing a small but effective amount of a water-soluble cationic material such as a cationic polyelectrolyte flocculant with a kaolin clay pigment in the presence of water. The resultant bulked clay product can be dispersed to form high solids clay-water slurries useful in making aqueous coating colors suitable for manufacturing lightweight coated publication papers or the pigment can be used as a filler for paper webs. Slurries having stable viscosity during storage and at elevated temperature are prepared by using as the dispersant an anionic sulfonated disperant such as a lignosulfonate or a naphthalene formaldehyde sulfonate complex.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of chemical grafting to produce a stable liquid composition that is capable of hardening following an optional polymerization process. Under the invention, in order to produce a composition that is liquid, at least initially and prior to any polymerization, a polymerizable organic acid comprising at least two double bonds in resonance is combined in a solvent with an inorganic filler having at least one hydroxylated group with the help of a catalyst acting as a radical upon said organic acid. By adjusting the concentration of catalyst and using a polymerizable monomer solvent, the liquid composition may be hardened by polymerization after the initial grafting reaction. By ensuring that a portion of the organic acid retains free bonds that have not combined with filler, it is also possible to induce the composition to become chemically attached to a resin or to reinforcing fibers. The invention may be applied to the production of molded objects.