Means Separating Particles From Exhaust Gas Patents (Class 110/216)
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Patent number: 7452517Abstract: Method for reducing mercury emissions from coal-fired combustion comprising staging of a combustion unit to remove mercury with fly ash from the flue gas, introducing activated carbon to remove mercury from the flue gas, and collecting the fly ash, activated carbon, and associated mercury in a particulate control device.Type: GrantFiled: December 2, 2005Date of Patent: November 18, 2008Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Vitali Lissianski, Randy Seeker, Peter M. Maly
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Publication number: 20080257235Abstract: Radioactive waste treatment method, includes: (a) loading waste into plasma shaft furnace by conveying waste by hermetic conveyor from automated storage into plasma shaft furnace, wherein conveying is loading is controlled; (b) pyrolizing waste; (c) oxidizing coke; (d) withdrawing pyrogas and slug from furnace; (e) afterburning pyrogas in combustion chamber at an afterburning temperature of 1200-1350° C.; (f) supplying air into combustion chamber at two levels during afterburning step: (1) prechamber pyrogas air supply level, and (2) an upper part of combustion chamber air supply level; and (g) quenching an off-gas to 200-250° C. with subsequent mechanical cleaning and absorption cleaning and further cooling. A radioactive waste treatment plant is also disclosed.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 13, 2006Publication date: October 23, 2008Applicant: JOINT STOCK COMPANY "ALLIANCE-GAMMA"Inventors: Arthur Eduardovich Arustamov, Demetrius Rudolfovich Vasendin, Valeriy Alekseevich Gorbunov, Sergey Aleksandrovich Dmitriev, Fyodor Anatolevich Lifanov, Alexander Pavlovich Kobelev, Mikhail Anatolevich Polkanov
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Patent number: 7435400Abstract: A method for increasing the nitrogen oxide emissions by either removing or modifying fuel rich nitrogen oxide (NOx) reduction processes thereby improving combustion efficiencies especially with low volatile low sulfur coals, and remove unburned carbon, reduce sulfur dioxide and reducing carbon dioxide emissions, while using post-primary combustion urea or ammonia injection with or without a reburn fuel NOx reducing process to restore NOx to regulated emission levels. Furthermore, adding lime or limestone to the urea or ammonia solution to further reduce SO2 and to increase the concentration of the carbon free fly ash to cementitious concentrations. Furthermore, by proper number and disposition of the injectors in the post combustion zone and by further water diluting the mixture, this NOx reduction process is effective at substantially higher gas temperatures than conventional Selective Non-Catalytic NOx Reduction and with no ammonia slip. This method significantly increases the profitability of power plants.Type: GrantFiled: January 30, 2007Date of Patent: October 14, 2008Inventor: Bert Zauderer
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Publication number: 20080229984Abstract: The invention relates to a heating plant. The plant comprises a combustion chamber for combustion of a solid fuel, an outlet from the combustion chamber, and a heat exchanger containing a cooling medium and arranged in connection with the combustion chamber. A flue duct is connected to the outlet of the combustion chamber and passes through the heat exchanger. Downstream the heat exchanger, a cyclone is arranged to separate ash from the flue gases, and a flue fan is arranged to draw flue gases through the flue duct. The flue duct and the flue fan are dimensioned to maintain a high velocity of flow in the flue duct, all the way from the outlet of the combustion chamber and up to the cyclone, in order to achieve a blasting effect on the inside of the flue duct by ash particles being drawn through the flue duct.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 14, 2005Publication date: September 25, 2008Inventor: Robert Ingvarsson
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Patent number: 7410611Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for the prevention of fouling of process streams by the application of electric charge on process components. The electric charge may be attractive or repulsive to the foulants, they may be constant or variable and may be applied to any section of the process stream where convenient and wherein their preventive effects are optimized.Type: GrantFiled: January 31, 2001Date of Patent: August 12, 2008Inventor: Dennis L. Salbilla
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Patent number: 7387662Abstract: In a method of separating gaseous pollutants from hot process gases, the process gases are passed through a contact reactor (22), in which an absorbent material in a moistened state is introduced to convert the gaseous pollutants into separable dust. The dust is separated in a dust separator (10). The separated dust is cooled in a first step by being brought into direct contact with a cooling fluid. In a second step, the cooled dust is mixed with a gas containing water vapour, said gas having a saturation temperature that is higher than the temperature of the cooled dust. The dust moistened by condensation of the water vapour is introduced into the contact reactor (22) to be mixed with the process gases. A mixer (24) for moistening of absorbent material has a first end (26) and a second end (28) and is divided into two zones. A first zone is a cooling zone (68) located at the first end (26). A second zone is a moistening zone (80) located at the second end (28).Type: GrantFiled: September 17, 2003Date of Patent: June 17, 2008Assignee: ALSTOM Technology LtdInventors: Stefan Ahman, Nils Bringfors
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Patent number: 7300495Abstract: A flue gas treatment system for a fossil-burning power plant having a fuel source and a boiler includes a barrier filter downstream of the boiler, the barrier filter including an electrostatically-stimulated fabric filter utilizing high-permeability fabric, having an air permeability of at least 75 acfm/sq.ft. A method of treating flue gas includes generating a flue gas; and passing substantially 100% of the flue gas from a boiler directly through an electrostatically-stimulated fabric filter incorporating high-permeability fabric with an air permeability of at least 75 acfm/sq.ft.Type: GrantFiled: September 27, 2005Date of Patent: November 27, 2007Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventor: Robert W. Taylor
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Patent number: 7287477Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for operating a circulating fluidized bed reactor having a furnace with a discharge port for exhaust gas, and a particle separator having an inlet connected to the exhaust gas discharge port and an outlet duct for the exhaust gas and a return duct for separated solids. The method includes the steps of arranging a bypass duct bypassing the particle separator, and conducting a partial flow of exhaust gas along the duct for increasing the fly ash content in the exhaust gas after the separator. The bypass duct is advantageously provided with means for controlling the flow of exhaust gas in the bypass duct.Type: GrantFiled: October 13, 2004Date of Patent: October 30, 2007Assignee: Foster Wheeler Energy CorporationInventor: Ponnusami K. Gounder
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Patent number: 7258710Abstract: An Advanced Maritime Emissions Control System (AMECS) includes several Exhaust Intake Bonnets (EIBs) of different size and/or shape, an Emissions Capture System (ECS), and an Advanced Maritime Emissions Control Unit (AMECU) mounted on an Unpowered Seagoing Barge (USB). The EIB includes a cage formed by downward curved ribs, a shroud which is lowerable to cover the ribs, a belt near a lower edge of the EIB for retaining and sealing the EIB to a stack, and a mechanism for tightening the lower edge of the EIB (and thus the belt) around the stack. The ECS lifts one of the several EIBs onto the stack of an Ocean Going Vessel (OGV). Exhaust from the stack is drawn through a large diameter duct to the AMECU. The AMECU processes the exhaust through multiple treatment stages. The stages include pre conditioning the exhaust, oxidizing, reducing, polishing, and precipitating.Type: GrantFiled: April 29, 2004Date of Patent: August 21, 2007Assignee: Advanced Cleanup Technologies, Inc.Inventors: Salvador Caro, Henning Ottsen, John G. Powell
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Patent number: 7100521Abstract: A baffle employs a particular arrangement of baffle plates in a three dimensional configuration to aerodynamically separate popcorn ash particles from a flue gas flow. The baffle is attached to the rear wall of an economizer outlet flue back pass and is placed just below the economizer gas outlet. The baffle is designed to be uniquely shaped in three dimensions to redirect the large popcorn ash particles towards the deepest parts of the hoppers, which increases the fraction of the ash particles that are captured in the hoppers and decreases the potential for plugging in downstream equipment. The baffle is comprised of several triangular plates, usually three plates for every hopper. Each group of three plates is placed such that they appear to be three sides of an inverted pyramid. The open, fourth side of each of these pyramid shapes is on the side of the baffle closest to the front wall.Type: GrantFiled: January 10, 2005Date of Patent: September 5, 2006Assignee: The Babcock & Wilcox CompanyInventor: Anthony Michael Ryan
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Patent number: 7004087Abstract: A high temperature gas reforming cyclo-incinerator, using reformed water and strongly swirling inlet air in its interior to burn up wastes. The incinerator has a dust collecting structure designed to almost completely remove circulating dust and other harmful impurities from air strongly swirling in the incinerator and discharge clean air to the atmosphere. Internal and external lower tubs have substantially larger diameters than those of internal and external upper tubs, thus effectively burning up a large quantity of wastes at one time. The incinerator is also provided with a flow rate control fan unit separate from a main fan unit, thus controlling the amount of inlet air as desired and allowing a user to control the incineration rate of wastes in the incinerator.Type: GrantFiled: November 14, 2002Date of Patent: February 28, 2006Inventor: Kwon-Kyu Song
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Patent number: 6997118Abstract: A gasifier system and process comprises a pulse combustion device in communication with a fluid channel for producing a gas stream having heat or fuel value. The pulse combustion device is operated under sub-stoichiometric conditions such that combustion and steam reforming both occur in the fluid channel. The pulse combustion device also produces a pulsating combustion product stream and an acoustic pressure wave. The acoustic pressure wave serves to cause agglomeration of particles contained within the combustion stream for easy removal. In one embodiment, a sulfur capturing agent is injected into the fluid channel for not only removing sulfur from the combustion product stream but for also facilitating particle agglomeration. Ultimately, a gas stream containing hydrogen is produced that may be used in various processes, such as in the production of electricity.Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 2004Date of Patent: February 14, 2006Assignee: Manufacturing & Technology Conversion International, Inc.Inventors: Ravi Chandran, Momtaz N. Mansour
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Patent number: 6994036Abstract: A coal-fired power station is provided and has a boiler that is heatable by dry firing, a catalytic converter for reducing an NOx level, a flue gas channel that adjoins the boiler and leads to the catalytic converter, and a coarse ash separator disposed upstream of the catalytic converter in a section of the flue gas channel, which includes a sieve that extends essentially over an entire cross-sectional area thereof. The sieve is adapted to be deflected out of a position of rest by a flue gas stream and against the effect of a restoring force, and/or the sieve forms folds that are directed in an upstream direction relative to a flue gas stream and extend essentially parallel to one another.Type: GrantFiled: December 20, 2002Date of Patent: February 7, 2006Assignee: Steag Encotec GmbHInventors: Klaus Grommes, Wolfgang Schulthoff
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Patent number: 6945180Abstract: A portable miniature incinerator is described allowing easy disposal of household garbage for a single-family house or a small apartment building. The housing of the incinerator is mounted on a wheeled hand-truck assembly and contains an incineration block and a filtration block. The incineration block in turn comprises a furnace chamber equipped with an electric heater. The heater is adapted to bring the temperature of the air and therefore the temperature of the garbage up to the point of spontaneous combustion. During the process of heating up the garbage, it becomes dry as the fans of the device remove all water evaporation. Once ignited, the garbage is incinerated in the furnace chamber while all exhaust gases are directed to the filtration unit. The filtration unit has a first stage of filtration comprising a wire mesh separator submerged in water. Exhaust gases pass through the mesh separator and through the water so that the pollutants and exhaust particles are separated from the exhaust gases.Type: GrantFiled: June 3, 2004Date of Patent: September 20, 2005Inventor: Vasyl Khymych
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Patent number: 6907845Abstract: A method and apparatus to conduct 02/CO2 combustion or oxygen-enriched combustion. The boiler exhaust gas passes through a Gas Primer Sector (GPS) combined with the boiler to effect heat transfer to the combustion gas in indirect counter-flow heat exchange. Sharply reduced gas flows result from using largely moisture-free CO2 as diluent for O2 in the combustion gas which allows long residence time at low velocity for maximum heat transfer from the exhaust gas to the combustion gas. Most particulate drops out and most moisture is condensed from the cooled mostly CO2 exhaust gas. The larger portion is blended with oxygen for the combustion gas and reheated and returned to the boiler through the integrated GPS; the smaller portion is cleaned and separated, the CO2 released or recovered. The complete exhaust gas-combustion gas cycle may be 30 to 90 seconds and preferably about 60 seconds.Type: GrantFiled: July 7, 2004Date of Patent: June 21, 2005Assignee: Krebs & Sisler L.P.Inventor: William P. Krebs
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Patent number: 6869459Abstract: Apparatus for separating solids from flue gas in a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler comprises plural vertical, impact type particle separators made of a plurality of hung elements which are supported from at least one cooled support tube. The plurality of hung elements cooperate with one another at adjacent ends thereof to form a collecting channel which opens toward a flow of flue gas along the length of the support tube. Each hung element includes two mutually inverted U-shaped parts; the first U-shaped part opens towards the oncoming flow of flue gas, the second U-shaped part embraces the support tube, and the first U-shaped part is shifted relative to the second U-shaped part by some fraction of a height of the hung element. The hung elements may be made of metal or ceramic.Type: GrantFiled: May 29, 2003Date of Patent: March 22, 2005Assignee: The Babcock & Wilcox CompanyInventors: Mikhail Maryamchik, Gary L. Anderson, Jeffrey J. Hahn, Edwin L. Collins, III, Timothy F. Connors, Jeffrey J. Bolebruch
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Patent number: 6817304Abstract: For reducing emissions of oxides of sulphur: a) a sulphur-containing fuel is burned in a combustion zone comprising a heat exchange zone in which at least a portion of the heat is extracted, and effluents or combustion fumes are recovered at a temperature in the range 800° C. to 1200° C.Type: GrantFiled: August 31, 2001Date of Patent: November 16, 2004Assignee: Institut Francais du PetroleInventors: Gérard H. Martin, Etienne Lebas
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Patent number: 6733575Abstract: A coal-fired power generation system including means for the production of coal-derived gas and a filter system for the filtration of this coal-derived gas. The filter system comprises at least one high temperature and, corrosion resistant filter. The filter is made from a Fe—Cr—Al based alloy further comprising at least one additional element selected from the group consisting of Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta and the lanthanides.Type: GrantFiled: December 18, 2001Date of Patent: May 11, 2004Assignee: N.V. Bekaert S.A.Inventors: Ignace Lefever, Ronny Losfeld, Johan Vandamme
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Patent number: 6715431Abstract: The present invention relates to a multifunctional disposal apparatus for performing disposal by incineration, desiccation, fusion, degradation, ash melting and others on an object to be disposed such as raw refuse, general garbage, sludge, expanded polystyrene and others produced from a manufacturing plant, a service providing facility, a wholesale market, a general firm, a general store, a general house and others. [Structure] In a multifunctional disposal apparatus comprising: a dry combustion furnace; a kiln furnace; a first smoke feeding portion; a second smoke feeding portion; a smoke combustion portion; a dust filter portion; a second smoke feeding portion; an air heating portion; and a cooling tank portion, the present invention has such structure as that a flow of air is generated in one direction from the cooling tank to the second smoke feeding portion to form a vacuum.Type: GrantFiled: November 15, 2001Date of Patent: April 6, 2004Inventor: Takashi Maejima
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Patent number: 6604474Abstract: This invention discloses the synergistic integration of solid fuel combustion, low NOx control technologies (such as Low NOx Burners, reburning and Advanced Reburning) with partial in-duct gasification of coal or other solid fuels. For partial gasification, the solid fuel can be transported and injected by recycled flue gas stream at 600-800° F. in the reburning zone or in the upper section of the main combustion zone of a boiler. This allows the fuel to be preheated and partially pyrolyzed and gasified in the duct and then injected into the boiler as a mixture of coal, gaseous products, and char. Gasification increases coal reactivity and results in lower carbon-in-ash levels. As an option, the gaseous and solid products can be split using a cyclone separator. Splitting the gasified fuel stream will allow the volatile matter to be used for reburning and the fixed carbon to be injected into the high-temperature main combustion zone.Type: GrantFiled: May 11, 2001Date of Patent: August 12, 2003Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Vladimir Zamansky, Vitali Victor Lissianski, Peter Martin Maly, Yuri Mikhailovloh Mospan
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Patent number: 6581529Abstract: The present invention relates to an incinerator with a ceramics filter for incinerating raw refuse, general garbage, expanded polystyrene and others generated from a manufacturing plant, a wholesale market, a general firm, a general retail store, a general house and others. According to the present invention, air intakes having a check valve provided thereto are formed to right and left lower portions of an incinerator; an oast is set in a combustion chamber; a tabular ceramics filter for removing a harmful substance is attached to the upper portion of the oast; and a suction port is formed to the upper portion of the tabular ceramics filter.Type: GrantFiled: October 23, 2001Date of Patent: June 24, 2003Inventor: Takashi Maejima
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Patent number: 6514315Abstract: A method of treating flue gas includes the steps of generating a flue gas and removing particulate from the flue gas with a first particulate removal technique to produce treated flue gas. The treated flue gas is then applied to a high permeability barrier filter to remove additional particulate from the treated flue gas. The high permeability filter includes high permeability filter bags with air permeability greater than 75 actual cubic feet per minute of air flow per square foot of filter surface area at a pressure drop of one half inch water.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 2000Date of Patent: February 4, 2003Assignee: Electric Power Research Institute, Inc.Inventor: Ramsay Chang
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Patent number: 6500221Abstract: Apparatus for separating solids from flue gas in a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler includes plural vertical, impact type particle separators made of cooling tubes located within the CFB in a plurality of staggered rows. One embodiment employs a plurality of stacked, slip fit elements having apertures which accept the cooling tubes. The slip fit elements cooperate with one another to form a collecting channel, typically U-shaped, which separates particles from flue gases conveyed across the particle separators. Shiplap joints in between the individual slip fit elements prevent gas and solids from leaking therebetween and allow for thermal expansion. Alternatively, the impact type particle separators include cooling tubes connected to one another to form a unitary structure. Pin studs welded to the cooling tubes and covered with a coating of refractory; ceramic tiles; metal or ceramic spray coatings; metal or ceramic castings; weld overlay; and/or shields provide erosion resistance.Type: GrantFiled: May 25, 2001Date of Patent: December 31, 2002Assignee: The Babcock & Wilcox CompanyInventors: David J. Walker, Mikhail Maryamchik, Sundara M. Kavidass, Felix Belin, Kiplin C. Alexander, David E. James, David R. Gibbs, Donald L. Wietzke
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Patent number: 6467438Abstract: A circulating fluidized bed reactor is provided, based on a multi-inlet cyclone, comprising an elongated riser channel (5; 25), which has a lower portion (4; 24) and an upper portion, whereby solid matter and fluidization gas can be fed into the riser through the lower portion (4; 24). In the upper portion of the riser channel, there is a multi-inlet cyclone comprising a separation chamber (7; 27), with a set of guide vanes (6; 26), a central tube (8; 28) connected to the separation chamber, an outlet (11; 31) and a return channel (10; 30). The set of guide vanes (6; 26) of the multi-inlet cyclone, the cyclone chamber (7; 27) and the central tube (8; 28) are annularly fitted about the riser channel (5; 25). The configuration of the circulating fluidized bed reactor allows for advantageous flow dynamics and the reactor may be used as a dryer or steam boiler.Type: GrantFiled: May 22, 2000Date of Patent: October 22, 2002Assignee: Einco OyInventor: Seppo Ruottu
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Patent number: 6454824Abstract: Apparatus for separating solids from flue gas in a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler comprises plural vertical, impact type particle separators located within the CFB in a plurality of staggered rows. The impact type particle separators employ hung elements supported from fluid-cooled tubes which form a collecting channel, typically U-shaped, which separates particles from flue gases conveyed across the particle separators. By separating the support function from the collection shape required by functional performance considerations, the strength requirements of the material used to form the collection shape are reduced and the strength of the material from which the fluid-cooled support is made is much higher due to the lower operating temperature of the material comprising the fluid-cooled support, thereby permitting the use of lower cost materials.Type: GrantFiled: May 25, 2001Date of Patent: September 24, 2002Assignee: The Babcock & Wilcox CompanyInventors: Mikhail Maryamchik, Kiplin C. Alexander, Felix Belin, David R. Gibbs, David J. Walker, Donald L. Wietzke
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Patent number: 6439138Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling or removing mercury, mercury compounds and high molecular weight organics, if present, from a waste incineration apparatus exhaust stream by separately adding a carbonaceous char to the flue gas while the flue gas is still within the unit. The char can be produced in situ by adding a carbonaceous material and allowing the carbonaceous material to thermally decompose.Type: GrantFiled: May 29, 1998Date of Patent: August 27, 2002Assignee: Hamon Research-Cottrell, Inc.Inventors: Aaron J. Teller, Jonathan R. Lagarenne
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Patent number: 6422159Abstract: An incinerator has a combustion vessel, a base trap and an afterburner. The combustion vessel has a combustion chamber, an exhaust leading from the chamber, an air intake leading to the chamber, and a gas intake leading to the chamber. Fresh air is mixed with burning propane gas to elevate the temperature to incinerate waste with little ash. Household waste burns in the chamber generating flue gas that is moved from the chamber to the base trap where it is cooled. The cooled flue gas is moved from the base trap through a filter to the afterburner where it is oxygenated and burned prior to release to the atmosphere.Type: GrantFiled: May 14, 2001Date of Patent: July 23, 2002Inventor: W. C. Hunter
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Patent number: 6401633Abstract: An apparatus for treating organic waste material characterized by high ash content is disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: April 16, 2001Date of Patent: June 11, 2002Assignee: Minergy CorporationInventor: Thomas J. Baudhuin
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Patent number: 6375908Abstract: A process is disclosed for recovering raw materials, in particular heavy metals such as chromium, zinc, copper, lead, or nickel, by separation from waste and residues, wherein a liquid or viscous starting mixture and/or a starting mixture composed of crushed or ground components is first prepared. The invention is characterized in that the raw materials are separated by a thermochemical treatment. The liquid, viscous and/or solid starting mixture is first mixed with additives, depending on its composition, then subjected to a thermal treatment in an oven. The atmosphere in the oven flows through the starting mixture and the suspended materials thus generated as flakes or dust are conveyed out of the oven through a filter installation with several stages in which they are separated from the waste gas. The first filter is designed as a hot filter, after which the waste gas is cooled and after flowing through at least a second filter, pre-heated and then burnt at a high temperature.Type: GrantFiled: October 28, 1999Date of Patent: April 23, 2002Inventors: Melania Kaszas-Savos, Tiberiu Kaszas
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Patent number: 6360680Abstract: A method is provided for controlling the operation of a furnace. A furnace generally includes a boiler having a combustion zone, a plurality of burners burning a mixture of fuel and air in the combustion zone producing a gaseous by-product, and an electrostatic precipitator in fluid communication with the boiler removing particulates from the gaseous by-products. The method includes the steps of monitoring operating conditions of the electrostatic precipitator on a section-by-section basis, and controlling a select one or more of the burners based upon the section-by-section monitored operating conditions.Type: GrantFiled: February 26, 2001Date of Patent: March 26, 2002Assignee: ESA Environmental Solutions, Inc.Inventors: Bernard P. Breen, James E. Gabrielson, Dennis Tobias
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Patent number: 6350288Abstract: A combustion method and apparatus in which combustible matter, e.g., waste matter, coal, etc., is gasified to produce a combustible gas containing a sufficiently large amount of combustible component to melt the ash by its own heat. A fluidized-bed furnace (2) has an approximately circular horizontal cross-sectional configuration. A moving bed (9), in which a fluidized medium settles and diffuses, is formed in the central portion of the furnace, and a fluidized bed (10), in which the fluidized medium is actively fluidized, is formed in the peripheral portion in the furnace. The fluidized medium is turned over to the upper part of the moving bed (9) from the upper part of the fluidized bed (10), thus circulating through the two beds. Combustible matter (11) is cast into the upper part of the moving bed (9) and gasified to form a combustible gas while circulating, together with the fluidized medium.Type: GrantFiled: November 17, 1998Date of Patent: February 26, 2002Assignee: Ebara CorporationInventors: Yoshio Hirayama, Takahiro Oshita, Chikashi Tame, Shuichi Nagato, Tetsuhisa Hirose, Norihisa Miyoshi, Seiichiro Toyoda, Shugo Hosoda, Shosaku Fujinami, Kazuo Takano
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Patent number: 6341567Abstract: Apparatus for the treatment of volatile material(s) in contaminated material(s) including a retort assembly which includes a rotatable retort disposed at least partially within a combustion chamber with a heater to indirectly heat the contents of the rotatable retort. A feeder feeds the contaminated material(s) to the retort. The apparatus further includes a pathway for passing contaminated material(s) to the retort and a conduit for passing the combustion gases from an afterburner to the retort assembly to provide additional heat for heating the contaminated material in the retort. The apparatus may also include a high temperature filter which can filter the volatiles before entering the afterburner.Type: GrantFiled: September 28, 2000Date of Patent: January 29, 2002Assignees: Tox Free Systems, Inc., Tox Free Systems LimitedInventors: Struan Glen Robertson, Edward Elliot Finsten
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Publication number: 20020007772Abstract: An installation for generating power, comprising a main combustion chamber for burning fossil fuels, having means for generating steam; at least one thermal pre-processing chamber for processing carbonaceous materials; and a guiding duct for guiding the flue gases of at least one thermal pre-processing chamber to the main combustion chamber. The airflow in the thermal pre-processing chamber is toroidal. The thermal pre-processing chamber comprises an annular series of blades, a device for generating an air flow through the series of blades, a burner located under the series of blades, a cone shaped element in the center of the series of blades. The guiding duct has particle removal means, which are arranged to remove particles down to a size wherein the particles do not disturb processes in the main combustion chamber.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 20, 2000Publication date: January 24, 2002Applicant: N. V. KemaInventors: Fransiscus J.J.G. Janssen, Antonius J.A. Konings
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Patent number: 6322603Abstract: An apparatus for separating solids from flue gas in a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler includes a plurality of impact type particle separators mounted vertically to a wall of the CFB. The impact type particle separators being adjacently positioned and horizontally spaced. Each impact type particle separator includes a plurality of vertically mounted cooling tubes connected to a fluid circulating system. A slip fit element surrounds the cooling tubes. A cup shaped configuration is formed by side walls and a back wall. The side walls and back wall have a plurality of separate vertically aligned segments extending along the height of the impact type particle separator. Each vertically aligned segment is connected at its ends to an adjacent segment.Type: GrantFiled: July 10, 2000Date of Patent: November 27, 2001Assignee: The Babcock & Wilcox CompanyInventor: David J. Walker
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Patent number: 6318088Abstract: In an improved system for recovering heat from a combustion gas produced by burning wastes, the combustion gas or combustible gas produced by partial burning of the wastes subjected to dust filtration in a temperature range of 450-650° C. at a filtration velocity of 1-5 cm/sec under a pressure of from −5 kPa (gage) to 5 MPa before heat recovery is effected. The dust filtration is preferably performed using a filter medium which may or may not support a denitration catalyst. Heat recovery is preferably effected using a steam superheater. The dust-free gas may partly or wholly be reburnt with or without an auxiliary fuel to a sufficiently high temperature to permit heat recovery. The combustion furnace may be a gasifying furnace which, in turn, may be combined with a melting furnace.Type: GrantFiled: August 24, 1999Date of Patent: November 20, 2001Assignee: Ebara CorporationInventors: Norihisa Miyoshi, Shosaku Fujinami, Tetsuhisa Hirose, Masaaki Irie, Kazuo Takano, Takahiro Oshita
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Patent number: 6309542Abstract: A waste water treating device can be simply installed in a small area and destroy combustible wastes and sludge to reduce fuel consumption cost of a burner. Moreover, the waste water treating device can increase a treating amount of the waste water per unit time to thereby reduce an activation time thereof and decrease installation and maintenance cost, to thereby obtain an economic advantage.Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 1997Date of Patent: October 30, 2001Inventor: Seung-Wook Kim
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Patent number: 6301896Abstract: In an improved system for recovering heat from a combustion gas produced by burning wastes, the combustion gas or combustible gas produced by partial burning of the wastes subjected to dust filtration in a temperature range of 450-650° C. at a filtration velocity of 1-5 cm/sec under a pressure of from −5 kPa (gage) to 5 MPa before heat recovery is effected. The dust filtration is preferably performed using a filter medium which may or may not support a denitration catalyst. Heat recovery is preferably effected using a steam superheater. The dust-free gas may partly or wholly be reburnt with or without an auxiliary fuel to a sufficiently high temperature to permit heat recovery. The combustion furnace may be a gasifying furnace which, in turn, may be combined with a melting furnace.Type: GrantFiled: August 24, 1999Date of Patent: October 16, 2001Assignee: Ebara CorporationInventors: Norihisa Miyoshi, Shosaku Fujinami, Tetsuhisa Hirose, Masaaki Irie, Kazuo Takano, Takahiro Oshita
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Patent number: 6298666Abstract: In an improved system for recovering heat from a combustion gas produced by burning wastes, the combustion gas or combustible gas produced by partial burning of the wastes subjected to dust filtration in a temperature range of 450-650° C. at a filtration velocity of 1-5 cm/sec under a pressure of from −5 kPa (gage) to 5 MPa before heat recovery is effected. The dust filtration is preferably performed using a filter medium which may or may not support a denitration catalyst. Heat recovery is preferably effected using a steam superheater. The dust-free gas may partly or wholly be reburnt with or without an auxiliary fuel to a sufficiently high temperature to permit heat recovery. The combustion furnace may be a gasifying furnace which, in turn, may be combined with a melting furnace.Type: GrantFiled: August 24, 1999Date of Patent: October 9, 2001Assignee: Ebara CorporationInventors: Norihisa Miyoshi, Shosaku Fujinami, Tetsuhisa Hirose, Masaaki Irie, Kazuo Takano, Takahiro Oshita
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Patent number: 6293209Abstract: A process for treating a raw material containing aluminum or a similar metal melting at a low temperature and organic matter, including metal separation, particularly intended for the treatment of liquid container rejects consisting of aluminum foil, polymer material and possible fibre residues in order to recover the aluminum and to utilise the organic matter as a fuel. The raw material is introduced in a bubbling fluidised bed, where the organic matter is gasified at a temperature higher than the melting point of the metal present. The gas removed from the fluidised bed and the entrained metal are subsequently cooled to a temperature below the melting point of metal by admixing a cooling medium such as water in the gas flow. The solid metal particles are eventually separated from the gas e.g. with a cyclone and the gas flow is possibly filtered before combustion.Type: GrantFiled: September 8, 1999Date of Patent: September 25, 2001Assignee: Valtion Teknillinen TutkimuskeskusInventors: Matti Nieminen, Esa Kurkela
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Patent number: 6289827Abstract: A process for the utilization and strategic addition of ash modifying compounds, into selective catalytic reduction units, to modify the resultant ash chemistry to control ash accumulation and corrosive effects of the combustion products, and problems associated with fly-ash disposal or recycling.Type: GrantFiled: June 23, 2000Date of Patent: September 18, 2001Assignee: Martin Marietta Magnesia Specialties Inc.Inventors: Mark Wajer, David M. Smith
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Patent number: 6271501Abstract: A rotating vacuum kiln and method for heat treating solid particulate material under vacuum conditions uses a rotating refractory metal cylindrical vessel with a cool inlet zone, hot intermediate zone, and cool exit zone, with a first series of inner radiation shields provided at the hot intermediate zone adjacent to the cool inlet zone and a second series of inner radiation shields provided at the hot intermediate zone adjacent the cool exit zone to protect those two zones from the high temperatures in the hot intermediate zone. Heat for the hot intermediate zone of the cylindrical vessel is provided indirectly by electrical resistance heaters that surround the vessel and outer radiation shields are provided about the heaters to direct heat to the cylindrical vessel.Type: GrantFiled: July 7, 2000Date of Patent: August 7, 2001Assignee: Cabot CorporationInventor: Allan C. Morgan
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Patent number: 6257157Abstract: A refuse incineration plant is disclosed which utilizes a continuous rail system to transport refuse from a loading area into a burn core, from the burn core to an ash removal area, and back to the refuse loading area. Smoke and exhaust generated by the incineration process is sensed to control the incineration burn cycle, thereby allowing a variable burn cycle depending upon the composition of the refuse incinerated therein. Once sensed, the smoke and exhaust from the incineration process is exhausted into a filtration system having a main mixing tank and a number of filter condenser tanks coupled in series ascending/descending gaseous communication. The main mixing tank utilizes a series of baffle plates which aids in the mixing of the smoke/exhaust with water vapor as delivered within the main mixing tank by a series of water vapor spray jets. A cooling unit is also utilized to cool the mixture and aid in the condensation thereof.Type: GrantFiled: October 19, 1999Date of Patent: July 10, 2001Assignee: Synturian Enterprises, Inc.Inventor: Randel L. Havens
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Patent number: 6253714Abstract: A steam generator with a stack of coal-dust burners (4), each of which accommodates a removable oil lance, and with one or more flues (3) that communicate with a combustion-air heater (6). The heater rests on a scaffolding (12) and has flue gas flowing through it, its flue-as outlet (9) communicating by way of a distriutor (20) with an electric filter (16). The filter is provided with a housing (17) and with one or more intake hoods (18). The distributor is upright and below the heater's flue-gas outlet and the heater is above where the lances can be removed from the burners.Type: GrantFiled: September 7, 2000Date of Patent: July 3, 2001Assignee: BBP Energy GmbHInventor: Manfred Klein
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Patent number: 6216611Abstract: An apparatus for treating organic waste material characterized by high ash content is disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: January 21, 2000Date of Patent: April 17, 2001Assignee: Minergy Corp.Inventor: Thomas J. Baudhuin
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Patent number: 6216612Abstract: A system for collecting ultra fine fly ash from a dry fly ash removal system includes providing a bagfilter transport conduit for each bagfilter of the system. A vacuum shutoff valve is positioned in each bagfilter transport conduit. The bagfilter transport conduit is selectively connected to an educator that is, in turn, selectively connected to a blower. The blower creates a vacuum flow in the transport conduit that draws the ultra fine fly ash from the bagfilter and deposits the ultra fine fly ash in a collection bin. This system allows a dry fly ash removal system to segregate fly ash by size and separately collect the ultra fine fly ash from the larger fly ash particles. The ultra fine fly ash has been found to be commercially valuable as a concrete admixture filler in various applications.Type: GrantFiled: September 1, 1999Date of Patent: April 17, 2001Assignee: American Electric Power Service CorporationInventors: John D. Hume, R. F. Ridgeway, J. F. Mainieri
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Patent number: 6213030Abstract: Apparatus for the treatment of volatile material(s) in contaminated material(s) including a retort assembly which includes a rotatable retort disposed at least partially within a combustion chamber with a heater to indirectly heat the contents of the rotatable retort. A feeder feeds the contaminated material(s) to the retort. The apparatus further includes a pathway for passing contaminated material(s) to the retort and a conduit for passing the combustion gases from an afterburner to the retort assembly to provide additional heat for heating the contaminated material in the retort. The apparatus may also include a high temperature filter which can filter the volatiles before entering the afterburner.Type: GrantFiled: May 3, 1999Date of Patent: April 10, 2001Assignee: Tox Free SystemsInventors: Struan Glen Robertson, Edward Elliott Finsten
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Patent number: 6213029Abstract: A process and an apparatus for recovering and treating hazardous and non-hazardous components from process streams generated from a continuous system for selectively separating organic and inorganic constituents from contaminated material. The contaminated material is heated to a first temperature sufficient to volatilize water and lower boiling point constituents contained in the material, thereby producing a dried solid material and a first gas containing water vapor and volatilized lower boiling point constituents. The contaminated material is heated in a dryer, which includes an indirect heated hot oil screw dryer having a screw for conveying the material. The first gas is separated from the dried solid material. The lower boiling point constituents are recovered from the first gas.Type: GrantFiled: May 16, 2000Date of Patent: April 10, 2001Assignee: Foster Wheeler Environmental Corp.Inventors: Raleigh Wayne Potter, Michael Fitzgerald
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Patent number: 6202576Abstract: In a process for recycling fine-particle solids (4) discharged from a reactor vessel (1) at a discharging position of the reactor vessel (1) by means of a gas, at a recycling position (16) of the reactor vessel (1), the solids (4) are separated in a solids separator (3) and subsequently collected in a collecting vessel (8) and from the same are recycled into the reactor vessel (1) by means of a conveying gas. To enhance the operation of the solids separator (3), but without causing an additional load on the reactor vessel (1), an additional gas stream (23) independent of the gas stream in the reactor vessel is conducted through the solids separator (3) in a circuit, in the direction of flow of the solids (4).Type: GrantFiled: May 1, 1998Date of Patent: March 20, 2001Assignee: Deutsche Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau GmbHInventors: Michael Nagl, Johannes Schenk, Josef Stockinger
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Patent number: 6176902Abstract: An electric dust collector that is capable of enhancing collection efficiency. An exhaust pipe (4) consists of a steel pipe (14) whose exterior surface is lined with refractory material (15). A supporting member (5) is supported outside the exhaust pipe (4) and is inserted into the exhaust pipe (4). A discharge electrode (7) is fixed to the supporting member (5) so that it is electrically insulated from the exhaust pipe (4). A surface electrode (6) is fixed to the discharge electrode (7) and has a pyramid-shaped mesh (6c). The mesh (6) is arranged coaxially with the exhaust pipe (4) so that it spreads within the exhaust pipe (4) toward the exit of the exhaust pipe (4). The discharge electrode (7) penetrates the center line of the surface electrode (6) and protrudes downward from the vertex of the mesh (6c).Type: GrantFiled: March 12, 1998Date of Patent: January 23, 2001Assignee: Galaxy Yugen KaishaInventor: Makoto Matsubara
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Patent number: 6135035Abstract: A method of and apparatus for the combustion of animal wastes to avoid release of objectionable odors and to obtain useful products from the animal wastes involving the drying of the animal waste in a primary heat exchange dryer, mixing the dried animal waste material with a combustible fuel and moving the mix of dried waste and combustible fuel to a burner assembly of a furnace for burning, the exhaust from the primary heat exchange dryer being collected so that gases in the exhaust are used as combustion air for the burner assembly and with exhaust from the burner assembly housing being separated into fly ash and acceptably clean exhaust.Type: GrantFiled: March 2, 1999Date of Patent: October 24, 2000Inventor: Tommy D. Masek