Abstract: A steam generation boiler includes a bottom portion and a roof portion, as well as walls that extend vertically between the bottom portion and the roof portion, thus forming a reaction chamber of the steam generation boiler, the walls of which reaction chamber embody a structure that includes steam generator pipes. The steam generation boiler includes, in its lower portion, at least one wall section tapering towards the bottom portion. A first group of steam pipes in the tapering wall section is arranged to pass from the wall plane into the reaction chamber and to extend from the wall plane to the bottom portion of the steam generation boiler on the side of the reaction chamber forming a wall in the reaction chamber, and a second group of steam pipes is arranged to pass to the bottom portion along the wall plane.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for combustion in which a pressurized preheated liquid fuel is atomized and a portion thereof flash vaporized, creating a mixture of fuel vapor and liquid droplets. The mixture is mixed with primary combustion oxidant, producing a fuel/primary oxidant mixture which is then injected into a primary combustion chamber in which the fuel/primary oxidant mixture is partially combusted, producing a secondary gaseous fuel containing hydrogen and carbon oxides. The secondary gaseous fuel is mixed with a secondary combustion oxidant and injected into the second combustion chamber wherein complete combustion of the secondary gaseous fuel is carried out. The resulting second stage flue gas containing very low amounts of NOx is then vented from the second combustion chamber.

Abstract: Method and device for operating a conveyor for a combustion product, in which, during the conveyance, through the detection and analysis of properties (such as volume flow, mass flow, moisture, temperature, grain size) of the combustion product by means of microwaves, a control of transport parameters (such as transport speed, cooling of the combustion product, supply of combustion product, degree of crushing) is realized. It is herein possible to protect the conveyor thermally and mechanically and, at the same time, to ensure real-time regulation of the composition and quantity of the combustion product for following treatment steps.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel process for quenching heat, scrubbing, cleaning and neutralizing the hot and dirty fossil fuel fired flue gas liberated by a fossil fuel fired boiler using the high temperature and high pressure present in fossil fuel fired boiler blow-down comprising the steps of quenching the fossil fuel fired flue gas by evaporating sufficient quantity of water from sea water/scrubbing liquid and mixing vapors thus generated with hot and dirty flue gas; using the high temperature and high pressure present in fossil fuel fired boiler blow-down (waste water) for atomizing/spraying high alkalinity sea water/scrubbing liquid on said flue gas to neutralize the acidic substances in said flue gas.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a biomass fuel internal circulation mechanical fluidized-bed corner tube intelligent boiler which is highly effective in energy-conservation and emission-reduction, which comprises a primary combustion chamber, a secondary combustion chamber, a burning-out chamber, a high temperature multi-tube cyclone dust collector, a heat convection pipe bundle, the hearth of the primary combustion chamber consists of a square membrane water-cooled wall and a profiled seat with a square top and a circular bottom, at the four corners of the seat, there are mounted Venturi tube internal circulators, at the bottom of the hearth, there is mounted a mechanical fluidizing machine; the profiled cyclone separation hearth of the secondary combustion chamber consists of a square membrane water-cooled wall, a profiled seat with a square top and a circular bottom, a profiled fume-venting tube, at the bottom of the hearth, there is mounted a mechanical fluidizing machine; the burning-out chamber is conne

Abstract: Described is an integrated process of cogasifying an engineered fuel, formulated to be suitable for working under reducing environment, with coal and cofiring another engineered fuel, formulated to be suitable for working under oxidizing environment, with coal to produce electric power.

Abstract: A boiler control system for efficiently controlling the operation of a packaged boiler is provided. The system includes a combustion air control system, a fuel control system, a flue gas sensing system, and a boiler controller. The boiler controller is in operative communication with the combustion air control system, fuel control system, and the flue gas sensing system. Based upon a system demand, the boiler controller controls coarse-level operation of the combustion air control system and the fuel control system. The flue gas sensing system may include an oxygen sensor and a flue gas differential sensor to sense a change in a characteristic of the flue gas. When the flue gas differential sensor senses a change in the flue gas characteristic that meets a flue gas differential setpoint, the boiler controller controls the fine-level operation of the boiler.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a solar boiler system that can suppress the installation cost for a solar heat collector and significantly improve gross thermal efficiency while minimizing a rise in air temperature resulting from the collected solar heat. The solar boiler system of the present invention includes a boiler for burning fossil fuel; a primary air system for pneumatically transporting pulverized fossil fuel to a burner attached to the boiler; a secondary air system for supplying preheated air for combustion to the boiler; and a secondary air superheater provided at the secondary air system, the secondary air superheater further superheating the preheated air for combustion with solar thermal energy.

Abstract: A combustion burner 1 includes a fuel nozzle 2 that injects fuel gas prepared by mixing solid fuel and primary air, secondary air nozzles 3, 4 that inject secondary air from the outer periphery of the fuel nozzle 2, and a flame holder 5 that is arranged in an opening of the fuel nozzle 2. In the combustion burner 1, the flame holder 5 has a splitting shape that widens in the flow direction of the fuel gas. When seen in cross section along a direction in which the flame holder 5 widens, the cross section passing through the central axis of the fuel nozzle 2, a maximum distance h from the central axis of the fuel nozzle 2 to the widened end of the flame holder 5 and an inside diameter r of the opening 21 of the fuel nozzle 2 satisfy h/(r/2)<0.6.

Abstract: A gas-solid separator for a boiler includes a film divider defining first and second flue channels, an expanded cornering channel, a sealed collecting chamber, flue inlet and outlet provided at a front upper portion and a rear upper portion of the separator respectively, an even flow distributing tube set, and wear resistant connecting duct at the cornering channel, the upper and bottom portions of the even flow distributing tube set linked to the film bottom transverse tube collecting box and the collecting chamber transverse tube collecting box respectively, the upper and bottom portions of the wear resistant connecting duct linked to the film bottom transverse tube collecting box and the connecting duct transverse tube collecting box respectively. The boiler with low/medium circulating rate uses single stage inertial gravity separation. The boiler with high circulating rate uses a low temperature cyclone separator with the present invention when the flow rate at the second flue channel is relatively high.

Abstract: In a method for processing ash, fly ash is separated from a product gas flow obtained from gasification of fuel, which fly ash is burned in fluidized bed combustion to reduce the carbon content of the ash. After this, the flue gases from the combustion are processed. In a first step, the ash is burned in fluidized bed combustion (fluidized bed reactor 1) at a temperature of not higher than 800° C. to reduce the carbon content, and in a second step, the flue gases a burned in an independent combustion process (combustion chamber 7), the combustion conditions reaching the temperature of at least 850° C.

Abstract: In an oxygen mixer for an oxygen combustion boiler, circulating exhaust gas heated in a rotary preheater is mixed with oxygen. Resultant mixed gas is guided to a boiler furnace through a combustion gas duct having bends. At the bend closest to the rotary preheater in the combustion gas duct, an oxygen injection nozzle is arranged to have a plurality of injection ports for injection of oxygen into circulating exhaust gas.

Abstract: A burner for a combustion apparatus, a combustion apparatus comprising such burners, and a method of operation of the same are described. The burner comprises: a fuel input conduit for supplying fuel to the burner; a combustion gas input conduit for supplying combustion gas to a first stage combustion site; an overfire gas input conduit for supplying overfire gas to a second stage combustion site; and gas supply means; wherein the gas supply means is adapted to supply gas switchably between a first mode of operation wherein air is supplied in suitable proportion to both the combustion gas input conduit and the overfire gas input conduit; and a second mode of operation wherein an oxygen containing gas other than air is supplied to the combustion gas input conduit and substantially no gas is supplied to the overfire gas input conduit.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of controlling the operation of an oxy-fired boiler; the method comprising combusting a fuel in a boiler; producing a heat absorption pattern in the boiler; discharging flue gases from the boiler; recycling a portion of the flue gases to the boiler; combining a first oxidant stream with the recycled flue gases to form a combined stream; splitting the combined stream into several fractions; and introducing each fraction of the combined stream to the boiler at different points of entry to the boiler.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for providing recovered lignin of suitable quantity and quality to provide sufficient heating value to power the generation of supercritical or near critical water without the need for outside sources of energy. Supercritical or near critical water generator devices and systems are also disclosed.

Abstract: Systems and methods of integrating plasma waste processing are described. An integreted energy generation system provided with a fossil fuel power plant system having a combustion chamber and a plasma waste processing system having an output. The integrated energy generation system also including an integrator for combining the output of thermal energy from the plasma waste processing system with the combustion chamber of the fossil fuel power plant.

Abstract: A method for producing steam while concurrently reducing emissions. The method includes combusting fuel and an oxidant stream having a high concentration of oxygen in a combustion zone having multiple combustion chambers and heat exchangers to produce a flue gas. The flue gas is subsequently cleaned in a dry flue gas cleaning chamber by contacting it with a dry adsorbent. In one embodiment, the method advantageously regenerates the dry adsorbent so that the dry adsorbent can be subsequently recycled back into the dry gas flue chamber.

Abstract: There is illustrated a fuel fired brazier for an enclosed granular fuel burning boiler. The brazier has an apertured grate-like brazier base. The brazier base is moved by an actuator from an operative position, retaining fuel in the brazier to a discharge position where ash can fall through a hole. At the same time, fragmentation means, formed by crushing teeth, move across the brazier to trap, for example, a large piece of clinker, between it and the opposed distal wall of the brazier.

Abstract: A once-through steam generator (OTSG) creating steam from feedwater by heat provided by flue gas. Combustion air is introduced into the OTSG through an air input/output apparatus. It is then fed into a combustion system to generate the flue gas. The flue gas is then fed into a steam generation apparatus to generate steam. The flue gas is returned to the air input/output apparatus to mix with and preheat the combustion air. Steam is created by the passing of the flue gas across a series of tube contained within the OTSG. The tubes are arranged in a combination counter-current/co-current configuration to provides for the minimization of the creation of solid deposits in the tubes.

Abstract: A process for operating a coal-fired utility boiler. The process has the steps of (a) providing coal and one or more additives in proximity to one or more burners in the boiler; (b) providing air to the boiler; and (c) burning the coal and the one or more additives in the boiler to generate heat and an exhaust gas. Also disclosed are a burner and a coal-fired boiler.

Abstract: A gas inlet configured to convey a gas stream from a feed source to the system. A hydrogen sulfide removal stage includes a first vessel configured to receive a first media. A primary compression stage is configured to elevate a pressure of the gas stream. A moisture removal stage is configured to condense and separate remaining moisture from the gas stream. A siloxane removal stage includes a second vessel configured to receive a second media. A carbon dioxide removal stage includes a single-stage membrane configured to separate carbon dioxide from the gas stream by a permeability characteristic of the gas stream. A secondary compression stage is configured to elevate a pressure of the gas stream to a level suitable for distribution to CNG-compatible vehicles. An electrical generator set has a prime mover configured to be fueled by the gas stream.

Abstract: An air-fired combustion unit such as a utility boiler is converted to oxy-fired operation and a second oxy-fired combustion unit is operatively connected upstream so that its flue gas is fed into the combustion chamber of the first unit.

Abstract: A system for generating steam supplies of coal another material to one or more processing chambers. Each processing chamber includes a plasma arc torch that heats the material in the presence of water and a treatment gas at an extremely high temperature. A product gas stream is delivered from each processing chamber to a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG). Each HRSG generates steam that is used to drive a steam turbine. The processing chambers and HRSGs are fluidly connected so that the product gas streams moves from a processing chamber, to a HRSG, to another processing chamber, and then to another HRSG, etc. Within any of the HRSGs, or after the final HRSG, water in the product gas may condense to liquid water that may be redirected to any of the processing chambers. In addition, CO2 from the final HRSG may be redirected into any of the processing chambers to facilitate further reactions in the chambers.

Abstract: A design and method of operation for the floor of solid fuel boilers is described. The combustion region includes a stepped-floor that improves combustion in the lower furnace. In some embodiments, the fuel is moved between the steps of the floor by a gas, rather than by mechanical means, and the fuel is moved from an upper to a lower step as it is burned. In some embodiments, the steps are fixed steps having a layer of a refractory material.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for direct contact steam generation for a variety of industrial processes including heavy oil recovery, power generation and pulp and paper applications. The steam generation system consists of a combustor (10) and a steam generator (70) and is constructed to be operable at elevated pressures. The fuel, at least one oxidant and a fluid supply including water are supplied at pressure to the combustor. Flue gas from the combustor (10) is delivered to the direct contact steam generator (70) at pressure, and upon direct contact with water, produces a flue gas stream consisting primarily of steam. This product stream can then be cleansed and used for industrial applications. The combustor (10) can be operated with low grade fuel and low quality water with high solids and hydrocarbon contents. The apparatus and method reduce the environmental footprint by reducing air emission, concentrating CO2 to enable capture and reducing clean water requirements.

Abstract: An eco-friendly system for generating thermal energy from waste biomass comprises a furnace, a set of boiler tubes placed on the top of the furnace, a rectangular or tubular structure housing the boiler tube and the furnace, an outlet for the flue gases leading to a cyclone, said cyclone carrying a tubular body for leading away a part of flue gases and fitted with a butterfly control valve for regulating flow of effluent gases, a tubular body connecting the body to the suction blower, a water tank, a hopper for waste biomass, and a fuel injection blower for introducing fuel inside the furnace by means of pressurized air jet blown through the pipe.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for drying and reducing the particle size of malleable material. Preferred embodiments of the invention include a drying apparatus for use with a malleable material, comprising a blower, an airlock feeder, a main line which contains an accelerator, a conditioning chamber, and a dehydration chamber, a polishing line which contains an accelerator, a conditioning chamber, and a dehydration chamber, and a squid line blower for providing pressurized heated air to the apparatus. An alternative preferred embodiment of the invention comprises a method of drying and size reducing malleable material.

Abstract: A process that uses targeted in-furnace Injection to feed a fluxing agent of the chemical family of compositions containing boron and/or alkali hydrates to either decrease heat transfer on waterwalls of utility furnaces burning solid fuels to improve steam generation, maintain steam temperature, and/or allow a protective layer of slag to form inside the barrels of cyclones on cyclone boilers burning fuels high in calcium so that the boiler can operate at a wider variety of power settings while allowing proper flow and drainage of slag from the cyclone barrels.

Abstract: The carbon-free fire tube boiler is a boiler for heating water by combustion of hydrocarbon fuels with oxygen. The boiler includes a housing defining first and second heat transfer stages. At least one oxygen transport reactor is received within the first heat transfer stage. The oxygen transport reactor includes an outer wall and an inner cylindrical ion transport membrane. The membrane receives pressurized air and separates gaseous oxygen therefrom, transporting the oxygen into an annular region between the membrane and the outer wall. The gaseous hydrocarbon fuel is delivered into the annular region for combustion, producing gaseous carbon dioxide and water vapor. A water reservoir is defined within the first and second stages, with the at least one oxygen transport reactor and at least one transfer tube passing therethrough. The carbon dioxide and the water vapor are delivered through the at least one transfer tube for heating water contained therein.

Abstract: A bio-mass fueled boiler operating at delivered efficiencies in excess of 90%. Pre-heated, pressurized primary combustion air is supplied to a primary burn chamber via horizontal and vertical orifice containing conduits. Exhaust gases are directed past a reflective secondary burner supplying pre-heated, pressurized secondary combustion air into a secondary burn/ash collection chamber. Exhaust gases are directed from the secondary burn chamber via exhaust conduits having axial and cross-sectional shapes and wall geometries that promote internal turbulence and heat transfer. One or more gas/oil fired burners are fitted to or between the primary and secondary combustion chambers. Several operating modes are provided via associated blowers, air baffles, liquid and gas fuel conduits, pumps and sundry stove sensors and servos coupled to microprocessor control circuitry.

Abstract: An in-situ forced oxidation wet flue gas desulfurization apparatus, method and arrangement for utilization with oxy-fuel combustion power plants. The apparatus is a tower-like structure having a flue gas scrubbing zone and a reaction zone located subjacent to the gas scrubbing zone. A sulfur oxide absorbing liquid slurry is supplied to the gas scrubbing zone to react with and scrub the sulfur oxides from the flue gas. The partially reacted liquid slurry reagent and the scrubbed products drain into the reaction zone, rising to a set level. Oxidation air is introduced into the liquid slurry in the reaction zone to force the in-situ oxidation of sulfur compounds collected in the reaction zone.

Abstract: A circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler includes a reaction chamber, where a bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) is contained within an enclosure within the lower portion of the reaction chamber and contains an in-bed heat exchanger (IBHX) that occupies part of the reaction chamber floor. A plurality of in-bed secondary air nozzles comprise a plurality of tubes which are grouped together and run across the width of the BFB between the BFB enclosure wall and an outside wall of the CFB. The nozzles are positioned to prevent the deflection of solids falling onto the BFB from the CFB by the secondary air jets while avoiding a complicated structure that would interfere with gas and/or solids movement in the furnace. The nozzles' exit openings are flush, or almost flush, with the BFB enclosure wall.

Abstract: Break down of waste materials such as animal parts is carried out by pyrolysis, gasification and combustion using a reactor vessel with a conical lower portion located within an exterior vessel. Feed material is deposited in continuous mode through an air lock at the top and falls by gravity alone into the lower cone portion. The cone geometry supports organic feedstocks, eliminating the requirement for grates or other combustion support systems. Organic material that may escape gasification and exit the bottom of the cone accumulates within the ash and carbon particle volume until burned. Carbon is sequestered from high energy feedstocks and is stored in a chamber below the gasification cone. This carbon supplements the energy output of lower energy feedstocks to maintain desired operating temperatures at all times.

Abstract: A system with a boiler and a turbine, and an associated control method. The method includes sensing a plurality of operating conditions at a first common boiler location. At least one of the plurality of operating conditions sensed at the first common location is indicative of a combustion anomaly occurring during operation. The combustion anomaly indicated by the plurality of operating conditions at the first common location is traced back to an offending burner that is at least partially responsible for the combustion anomaly based on a model that takes into consideration at least two of the plurality of operating conditions sensed at the first common location. At least one of a process input and a boiler configuration is adjusted to establish a desired value of the operating conditions at the first common location.

Abstract: Provided are fuel feed means 3, an air separation unit 6 air feed means 7, a combustion furnace 11 with a burner 9 for combustion, an exhaust gas line 14 for leading an exhaust gas from the combustion furnace 11 to outside of the combustion furnace 11, exhaust gas treatment means 20a and 20b included in the exhaust gas line 14, and a recirculation line 15 for circulating a portion of the exhaust gas at least exhaust gas treatment means 20a and 20b for recirculation of a portion of the exhaust gas at least dust-removed by the exhaust gas treatment means 20a and 20b to the burner. Further provided are exhaust gas capture means 18 for taking out carbon dioxide gas from a remaining non-recirculating exhaust gas, and carbon dioxide gas feed means 33, 40 and 46 for introducing carbon dioxide gas to equipments 10, 20a and 20b of the oxyfuel combustion boiler facility.

Abstract: A low emission and environmentally friendly apparatus and method is used to generate a high pressure stream of thermal vapor. The thermal vapor stream may be injected into a subterranean formation for recovery of highly viscous petroleum or used to turn a steam turbine for driving an electrical generator. In one implementation, the high pressure stream of thermal vapor is generated by burning a high temperature fuel, including any short or long chain hydrocarbon products from methane to coal, in an enclosed vessel to produce combustion gases. Various techniques may be used to improve heat distribution and lower the temperature of the combustion gases. Water may be used to quench the combustion gases and produce the superheated steam or vapor. The water may be introduced onto the combustion gases by spraying, weeping, dripping, and the like.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and kits directed to improving combustion processes. In one embodiment, a method includes applying air to an internal surface of a combustion system. The air may be applied with a velocity chosen from about 50 m/s to about 300 m/s, and a volumetric flow chosen from about 50 ACFM to about 4000 ACFM. At least one FCT chemical may be optionally fed with the injected air in this embodiment.

Abstract: An oxyfuel boiler structured so as to mix oxygen separated from air with a part of exhaust gas branched from exhaust gas discharged from the boiler for generating vapor and supplying to a vapor demand facility by burning coal fuel, and supply the mixed gas to the boiler as an oxidizing gas for burning the coal, wherein an air separation unit for separating air and manufacturing oxygen from air, an oxygen supply system for leading the oxygen manufactured by the air separation unit to the oxyfuel boiler, a recirculation system for leading a part of exhaust gas branched from the exhaust gas discharged from the oxyfuel boiler to the oxyfuel boiler, and a recirculation fan for supplying the exhaust gas to the recirculation system are installed, respectively.

Abstract: A plant for generation of steam for oil sand recovery from carbonaceous fuel with capture of CO2 from the exhaust gas, comprising heat coils (105, 105?, 105?) arranged in a combustion chamber (101) to cool the combustion gases in the combustion chamber to produce steam and superheated steam in the heat coils, steam withdrawal lines (133, 136, 145) for withdrawing steam from the heat coils, an exhaust gas line (106) for withdrawal of exhaust gas from the combustion chamber (101), where the combustion chamber operates at a pressure of 5 to 15 bara, and one or more heat exchanger(s) (107, 108) are provided for cooling of the combustion gas in line (106), a contact device (113) where the cooled combustion gas is brought in countercurrent flow with a lean CO2 absorbent to give a rich absorbent and a CO2 depleted flue gas, withdrawal lines (114, 115) for withdrawal of rich absorbent and CO2 depleted flue gas, respectively, from the contact device, the line (115) for withdrawal of CO2 depleted flue gas being connect

Abstract: A partition divides an enclosure into an upper space and a lower space, the partition having a hole which provides essentially the only passage for gas to flow from the lower space to the upper space. A reactor tube having open ends is supported by the partition over the hole, and a grate spaced below the hole. A primary air inlet arrangement feeds air into the lower space for gasification of solid fuel on the grate, and a secondary air inlet directs a jet of air toward the inlet end of combustion tube communicating with the upper space and having an open exhaust end outside the enclosure. Product gas formed by gasification of solid fuel on the grate and passing through the reactor tube into the upper space will be drawn into the combustion tube to create a sub-atmospheric pressure in the upper space.

Abstract: A reactor system includes a fluidized-bed. A fuel and a sulfur absorbent material are eluted through the fluidized-bed. The reactor system may include a heat exchanger having a heat-exchanging portion within a heating zone of the reactor that is hermetically sealed from the heating zone. The reactor may include loose particles of an inert bed material for forming the fluidized-bed. A feed system may be provided to inject a solid fuel composite that includes a mixture of a solid, carbonaceous fuel and a solid reagent into the reactor.

Abstract: In a method for operating a steam generator, a transport reactor is provided. Only a substantially pure oxygen feed stream is introduced into the transport reactor in an amount sufficient to maintain the transport reactor at or above a specific system load. The specific load is the system load when only the substantially pure oxygen feed stream is provided to the transport reactor at a minimum flow velocity for operating the transport reactor. A fuel is combusted in the presence of the substantially pure oxygen feed stream to produce a flue gas, which contains solid material. The solid material is separated from the flue gas and passed to a heat exchanger. The heat exchange may be one of a moving bed heat exchanger or a fluidized bed heat exchanger. The solid material is directed to the transport reactor to contribute to the combustion process.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved boiler assemblies (10) with enhanced pollution abatement properties through injection and recycling of particulate sorbent materials including sodium bicarbonate, trona, and mixtures thereof. The assemblies (10) include a boiler (12), economizer (14), air heater (15), and recirculation reactor (16). Fresh sorbent material is introduced via assembly (60) into the boiler assembly (10) at one or more injection locations, and serves to sorb NOx, SOx, and other pollutants in the flue gas. The flue gas and entrained sorbent material then pass through reactor (16) for separation of sorbent, which is then recycled for injection back into the assembly (10) upstream of reactor (16). The present invention can also be used in industrial applications where the same emissions are generated and are needed to be controlled. Examples of such applications are Cement and Lime Kilns.

Abstract: Solutions for mapping slag zones in a boiler are disclosed. In one embodiment, the system includes an obtainer for obtaining data about a location of a slag zone within a boiler, the slag zone being one of a plurality of slag zones in a slag plane; a determinater for determining a flow distribution of a working fluid within the boiler, the flow distribution originating at a plurality of burners and intersecting the slag zone and a sensor grid including a plurality of grid sensors; an identifier for identifying at least one grid sensor in the plurality of grid sensors that is intersected by the flow distribution of the working fluid; and a user interface module for displaying the flow distribution of the working fluid from the plurality of burners to the at least one grid sensor.

Abstract: Device for heating air during the duty cycle of a heating boiler fired in particular by solid fuel or biomass, composed of a conduit for supplying air to the furnace and a conduit for outflow the exhaust gas from the heating boiler into the flue. The device has the closed exhaust gas conduit (2) which over the length of its connection with the flue (8) is shaped resembling a cosine curve with advantageously vertical exhaust gas conduits (4) adhered to the vertical air conduits (11) which over the length of the air conduit (3) have a shape resembling a sine curve, and on the last vertical conduit (5), where the end section (7) of the exhaust gas conduit (2) is guided to the flue (8), there is a pumping fan (6).

Abstract: In a power generation system biomaterial is grown in a biomass field near a furnace. The plants or oils from the plants are periodically harvested and burned by the furnace to generate steam which runs a generator. Waste heat from the furnace and condenser is collected and returned to the biomass field. The by-products of combustion, principally heat, carbon dioxide, water vapor and ash, are in part cycled back to a biomass field as input energy and nutrients.

Abstract: A burner is operated by providing a monitoring unit and monitoring the firing rate of the burner and feeding an input signal representing the firing rate to the monitoring unit. The respective proportions of gases in exhaust emissions from the burner are monitored and input signals representing the respective proportions are fed to the monitoring unit. From a combination of the input signals representing the firing rate of the burner and the respective proportions of gases in exhaust emissions, the amounts of one or more of the gases emitted from the burner are calculated in the monitoring unit. At least one of the amounts is displayed.

Abstract: Apparatus for batch processing source material into charcoal in a battery of kilns, each of which use forced convection of process gases through the source material to shorten the process cycle time, and all of which use an external combustor to burn the process waste gases from each kiln to provide the primary source of applied energy for the process.

Abstract: Provided is a solid fuel burner (60) suitable for controlling a flame to be formed by combustion of fuel ejected from the burner (60) and a temperature distribution in a furnace, a combustion apparatus using the solid fuel burner (60), and a method of operating the combustion apparatus. Providing in the fuel nozzle (10) a plurality of gas ejection nozzles (81), (82) and a restriction (obstacle) (19) downstream thereof, and ejecting a relatively large amount of gas from a portion of the gas ejection nozzles (81) provides a circumferential distribution in fuel concentration. Further, having the restriction (obstacle) (19) on a downstream side increases a deviation in fuel concentration. Providing a fuel concentration deviation in the circumferential direction makes it possible to change the forming position of a flame.

Abstract: A method and a plant for capturing CO2 from an exhaust gas from combustion of carbonaceous material are described. At least a part of the combustion gas is introduced into a biol fuel boiler as an oxygen containing gas, to increase the concentration of CO2 and decrease the oxygen concentration in the gas before introduction into an absorption column for separation of CO2.