With Boiler Patents (Class 110/234)
  • Patent number: 5730070
    Abstract: An apparatus for introducing gas recirculation into a furnace to control steam temperature includes a hot air chamber for receiving hot air from an air preheater. The hot air chamber has at least one outlet communicating with the interior of the furnace. The apparatus includes a recirculation gas chamber for receiving recirculation gas from a recirculation fan and includes at least one outlet communicating with the interior of the furnace. Each of the chambers is disposed about at least a portion of the circumference of the furnace with one of the chambers disposed above at least a portion of the other. Ducts are provided between the hot air chamber and the air preheater and between the recirculation gas chamber and the recirculation fan to provide communication between the elements. A passageway is disposed between the hot air chamber and the recirculation gas chamber.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 22, 1995
    Date of Patent: March 24, 1998
    Assignee: Combustion Engineering, Inc.
    Inventors: Robert C. Kunkel, Thomas J. Dunn, Jr.
  • Patent number: 5713312
    Abstract: A syngas cooler apparatus includes an elongated generally cylindrical pressure vessel having an axial extremity that is a top end during normal operation of the cooler and an axial extremity that is a bottom end during normal operation of the cooler. A laterally extending support member extends within the pressure vessel proximate to the top end and front, back, and two side walls define at least one flow channel in the pressure vessel. The pressure vessel has an inlet and an outlet communicating with the flow channel. A pendant heat exchanger surface comprising a plurality of loops is disposed in the flow channel. Each of the loops is formed from tubing and the major portion of the entire axial extent of the tubing are rectilinear axial sections that are disposed with the axes thereof substantially in a vertical plan during normal operation. The pendant is disposed in the flow channel intermediate the inlet and the outlet and is supported solely from the laterally extending support member.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 27, 1995
    Date of Patent: February 3, 1998
    Assignee: Combustion Engineering, Inc.
    Inventor: Richard E. Waryasz
  • Patent number: 5701829
    Abstract: An apparatus for use in the pulp industry for recovering heat in the spent liquor recovery boiler, whereby the boiler walls are formed of water-cooled tubes connected to the water/steam circulation system of the boiler. Supply of air into the lower section of the furnace is effected symmetrically through air ports which are disposed at equal distances from the center of the furnace. The lower section of the furnace is preferably cylindrical and connected to a separate cooling medium circulation system.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 13, 1995
    Date of Patent: December 30, 1997
    Assignee: Ahlstrom Machinery Corporation
    Inventor: Keijo Raak
  • Patent number: 5687657
    Abstract: In a method of and a device for reducing the dust content of the exhaust gases (18) of a steam generator which consists of a combustion chamber (1), a radiation part (2) and a convection part (3) and has at least two vertical gas passes (4, 5), the dust portion of the exhaust gases (18) is reduced before the exhaust gases (18) enter the convective part (3) of the steam generator.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 9, 1996
    Date of Patent: November 18, 1997
    Assignee: Asea Brown Boveri AG
    Inventor: Geoarg Ziegler
  • Patent number: 5687674
    Abstract: A steam power plant for generating electric power has a fossil-fuelled boiler, a water-steam cycle for generating high-tension, superheated steam for a steam turbine, an economizer to transmit heat from flue gas to the feed-water, an air preheater to transmit flue gas heat to fresh air and devices for removing dust, sulphur and possibly nitrogen from the flue gases. In order to optimize heat exchange in the air preheater during operation and reduce the heat loses during start-up of the steam power plant, a heat exchanger system is provided with sections through which recirculated air and a heat vehicle medium flow, in which the section carrying the air is connected on the intake side to the fresh-air outlet of the air preheater and on the outlet side to the fresh-air intake of the air preheater.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 3, 1995
    Date of Patent: November 18, 1997
    Assignee: Saarbergwerke Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Uwe Johanntgen, Franz Josef Marx
  • Patent number: 5673634
    Abstract: An incineration plant includes a heat exchanger arranged in a flue gas flow following a reduction stage for nitrogen oxides and in front of a flue gas dust collector, and a heat transfer medium circuit for absorbing heat from the heat exchanger in the flue gas flow. The heat exchanger is connected to the heat transfer medium circuit such that the heat transfer medium conducted in the circuit is admitted to the heat exchanger. The heat transfer medium circuit has at least one additional heat exchanger for absorbing heat from the heat transfer medium. A feed water preheater is arranged in the heat transfer medium circuit.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 14, 1995
    Date of Patent: October 7, 1997
    Assignee: Apparatebau Rothemuhle Brandt & Kritzler GmbH
    Inventors: Robert Karger, Horst Ruckert
  • Patent number: 5664505
    Abstract: A method of and apparatus for detecting an abnormality of a fluidized bed boiler is characterized in that an abnormality of the fluidized bed boiler is detected on the basis of a physical quantity related to a condition change of a gas existing in a space defined by a pressure vessel and the fluidized bed boiler accommodated within the pressure vessel.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 15, 1995
    Date of Patent: September 9, 1997
    Assignees: Hitachi, Ltd., Babcock-Hitachi Kabushiki Kaisha
    Inventors: Tomohiko Miyamoto, Yasuo Yoshii, Tooru Inada, Jinichi Tomuro, Nobuyuki Hokari, Katsuya Oki
  • Patent number: 5662051
    Abstract: A method of treating solid residue resulting from combustion of a sulfur-containing fuel in the hearth of a boiler having a circulating fluidized bed, in which method limestone is inserted into the hearth so as to make it possible to absorb the resulting sulfur dioxide in the form of calcium sulfate CaSO.sub.4, the method further including the following steps:1) prior to being inserted into the hearth, the fuel is ground down to less than 100 microns;2) prior to being inserted into the hearth, the limestone is ground down to a grain-size centered in the range 100 microns to 150 microns, with a maximum of 1 mm;3) at the base of the hearth, the combustion residue is collected, which residue includes lime and calcium sulfate resulting from taking up the sulfur dioxide SO.sub.2 evolved by the combustion, and the residue is subjected to heat treatment in a reactor, in which both solid matter based on lime CaO, and also a gaseous mixture containing, in particular, sulfur dioxide SO.sub.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 5, 1995
    Date of Patent: September 2, 1997
    Assignee: GEC Alsthom Stein Industrie
    Inventor: Jean-Xavier Morin
  • Patent number: 5630367
    Abstract: A preparing process of activated carbon includes steps of: combusting scrap tires containing metal wire at 400.degree. C. to 900.degree. C. under the presence of oxygen, carbon dioxide and vapor; reheating the generated combustible gases up to 800.degree. C. to 900.degree. C. by adding a further fuel; causing the exhaust gas to heat-exchange with a water pipe boiler so that the temperature of the exhaust gas downs to 180.degree. C. to 250.degree. C.; and introducing the exhaust having a temperature of 180.degree. C. to 250.degree. C. into an electric dust collector so as to collect activated carbon. The particle size of the thus obtained distributed substantially in a range of 90 to 110 mesh and the CEC (cation exchange capacity) of the activated carbon falls within 30 to 40.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 8, 1995
    Date of Patent: May 20, 1997
    Assignee: The Social Welfare Foundation Hokkaido Rehabily
    Inventors: Takeji Kobata, Yoshihiro Ikenaga
  • Patent number: 5630368
    Abstract: This invention relates to an improved coal injection and coal feed system for use with a coal-fired firetube boiler. More specifically, the coal injection system of the present invention comprises an educator and a coal delivery tube. The coal feed system of the present invention comprises a coal hopper, gyratable bin, gyration device, discharge plenum and feed conveyor.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 21, 1995
    Date of Patent: May 20, 1997
    Assignee: The University of Tennessee Research Corporation
    Inventors: Charles L. Wagoner, John P. Foote
  • Patent number: 5623884
    Abstract: Apparatus for burning fuel comprises a conduit having an outlet end for supplying a fuel/air mixture to a fuel burning zone. A nozzle structure is provided adjacent the outlet end of the conduit mounted for pivotal movement about a pivot axis extending transversely across the conduit. The nozzle structure has an inlet end portion surrounding the outlet end of the conduit and has a plurality of separate outlet sections joining the inlet end portion. Swirl vanes are mounted in each of the outlet sections for causing the fuel/air mixture in adjacent outlet sections to swirl about respective central swirl axes of the outlet sections in opposite directions.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 5, 1995
    Date of Patent: April 29, 1997
    Assignee: DB Riley, Inc.
    Inventors: Craig A. Penterson, Donald S. Langille, deceased
  • Patent number: 5619933
    Abstract: When burning problematic fuels, the hot flue gas produced is held physically separate from the superheater (4) of the plant, a part of the hot flue gas being made to flow towards a heat exchanger (3), in which an energy carrier is heated and transfers the heat to the superheater (4). In this manner, problems due to high-temperature corrosion are avoided.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 17, 1995
    Date of Patent: April 15, 1997
    Assignee: Ansaldo Volund A/S
    Inventor: Ole S. Kristensen
  • Patent number: 5590610
    Abstract: The waste burning boiler comprises a cylindrical outer wall, a cylindrical inner wall consisting of a plurality of vertical water pipes having the gaps therebetween closed by plate members. The plate members are provided with a plurality of holes communicating the annular chamber between the inner and outer walls with the combustion chamber defined inside the inner wall. Compressed air is introduced into the annular chamber, and is blown into the combustion chamber from these small holes. The air blown from these holes provide a sufficient amount of oxygen for combustion, and raises the combustion temperature. Additionally, the air flow from the small holes provide a favorable stirring effect which improves the transfer of heat produced by combustion to the water pipes.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 30, 1994
    Date of Patent: January 7, 1997
    Inventor: Yutaka Sanbonmatsu
  • Patent number: 5582137
    Abstract: Method and apparatus for reducing the NOX levels in stack emissions of compact boilers and fluid heaters through selective injection of exhaust flue gases into the combustion process. Flue gas injection into the primary and secondary air of the burner along with flue gas injection directly into the combustion process is utilized. Injection of generated steam obtained from various components of a compact boiler, selectively injected into the combustion process is also provided.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 22, 1994
    Date of Patent: December 10, 1996
    Assignee: Mark IV Transportation Products Corp.
    Inventors: Robert T. Brady, Joseph H. Werling
  • Patent number: 5553555
    Abstract: A system and method for purification of combustion gases cools the combustion gases to an optimal oxidation temperature, oxidizes the combustion gases, injects water or uses natural moisture content to form acid aerosols, neutralizes the acid aerosols with an alkaline solution, and then filters the acid aerosol, alkaline solution and water from the combustion gases. The purified gas stream is then exhausted from the system. Oxidation can be provided in stages to obtain optimal oxidation of different combustion gas components with different optimal oxidation temperature ranges. When used in a thermal power plant, the cooling of exhaust gases can be accomplished by regenerative preheating of combustion air, boiler feedwater or combustion fuel, and the clean exhaust gas can be cooled below the conventional exhaust stack temperature range, thus enhancing power plant efficiency.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 28, 1994
    Date of Patent: September 10, 1996
    Assignee: Dasibi Environmental Corporation
    Inventors: Albert E. Gosselin, Jr., Edward R. Bate, Jr., Dale F. Johnson
  • Patent number: 5553554
    Abstract: A waste disposal and energy recovery system and method uses sub-stoichiometric combustion to gasify waste fuels into high temperature synthetic gas. The system minimizes the amount of flue gas exiting to the atmosphere. The high temperature synthetic gas is then combusted in a gas burner. The burner can be closely coupled to a heat recovery unit to facilitate radiative heat transfer. Some flue gas can be recirculated to maintain low combustion temperatures in both the kiln and the burner. Sub-stoichiometric combustion is accomplished in the rotary kiln in a counterflow configuration.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 4, 1994
    Date of Patent: September 10, 1996
    Inventor: Albert E. Urich, Jr.
  • Patent number: 5535234
    Abstract: Smeltable dust and pieces of grate slag in the proportions in which they are produced by a garbage incinerator can be disposed of by simultaneously melting them in a low-shaft electric furnace having at least one electrode extending into a molten slag bath which is maintained in the furnace covered by a layer of coke. The dust is introduced below the coke layer by a lance or tubular electrode while the pieces of grate slag are introduced above the molten slag both. The proportions of the two are maintained so that the leachate from the solidified slag when deposited in a landfill, conforms to the statutory requirements of clean drinking water laws.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 28, 1995
    Date of Patent: July 9, 1996
    Assignees: RWE Energie Aktiengesellschaft, Mannesmann Aktiengesellshcaft
    Inventor: Guido Bullmann
  • Patent number: 5522326
    Abstract: A device for incinerating solid and/or liquid toxic substances, especially projectiles filled with chemical warfare agents. Because the ammunition to be incinerated may have been inadvertently not disarmed the incinerator plant must be able to withstand an operating pressure of at least 40 bar. The incineration includes a rotatably mounted unit consisting of a rotary tubular kiln, an afterburning chamber, and a waste heat boiler. The unit is designed in a corresponding pressure-proof manner, and the rotary tubular kiln as well as the afterburning chamber are lined with refractory material. The operating pressure is generated by a compressor arranged upstream of the incinerator plant, and it is released by an expander arranged downstream of the entire plant.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 30, 1994
    Date of Patent: June 4, 1996
    Assignee: MAN Gutehoffnungshutte Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventor: Frohmut Vollhardt
  • Patent number: 5505144
    Abstract: Combustible gases from a solid fuel are produced by pyrolyzing the fuel in a pyrolyzer which also produces carbonaceous material. The carbonaceous material from the pyrolyzer is combusted in a furnace to produce combustion products that include hot flue gases and ash particulate. The combustion products are separated into a plurality of streams, one of which contains flue gases, and another of which contains hot ash which is directed into the pyrolyzer. Finally, the stream of flue gases from the furnace is used to dry the fuel that is supplied to said pyrolyzer.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 5, 1994
    Date of Patent: April 9, 1996
    Assignee: Ormat, Inc.
    Inventors: Benjamin Doron, Daniel Goldman, Eli Yaffe
  • Patent number: 5471957
    Abstract: Method and apparatus for reducing the NOX levels in stack emissions of compact boilers and fluid heaters through selective injection of exhaust flue gases into the combustion process. Flue gas injection into the primary and secondary air of the burner along with flue gas injection directly into the combustion process is utilized. Injection of generated steam from a compact boiler, selectively injected into the combustion process is also provided.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 18, 1994
    Date of Patent: December 5, 1995
    Assignee: Mark IV Transportation Products Corporation
    Inventors: Robert T. Brady, Joseph H. Werling
  • Patent number: 5467722
    Abstract: A method for removing gaseous pollutants from a polluted flue gas stream of an oil or coal-fired combustion furnace. A source of liquified combustible gas and a combustible gas-fired furnace are provided. The polluted flue gas stream is passed through a dust removal apparatus and removes flue dust from the flue gas stream so as to provide a de-dusted flue gas stream. Heat is recovered from the flue gas to generate power therefrom. The de-dusted flue gas is compressed to a pressure of at least 10 psi gauge using the generated power to at least in part compress the de-dusted flue gas. The compressed flue gas and the combustible gas are passed through at least one multi-sided heat exchanger, where the compressed flue gas is first passed through one side thereof and the liquified combustible gas in an at least partially vaporized state is passed through another side thereof. The compressed flue gas is cooled sufficiently by the combustible gas that water and at least one gaseous pollutant of NO.sub.2, SO.sub.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 22, 1994
    Date of Patent: November 21, 1995
    Inventor: Zoher M. Meratla
  • Patent number: 5433174
    Abstract: A method and apparatus for low NOX combustion of natural gas in a compact steam boiler having output steam delivery controlled by predetermined outlet steam pressure. The compact boiler employs a small high heat release combustor discharging into a forced draft convective heat exchange section. In operation, the compact boiler is completely and automatically self-operating, employing flue gas recirculation (FGR) wherein the FGR is admitted into the burner combustion air through a valve controlled by boiler flue gas NOX content. A novel bell mouthed flue gas scoop is utilized in the boiler stack upstream of the NOX sensor. In an alternate combustion chamber design, a cylindrical water wall coil surrounds the combustion process, increasing boiler efficiency through the inherent large temperature difference between the coil and the combustion in process, along with reducing the combustion temperature and further reducing the NOX content of combustion products.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 10, 1993
    Date of Patent: July 18, 1995
    Assignee: Mark IV Transportation Products Corporation
    Inventors: Robert T. Brady, Dean C. Townsend, George A. Weller, Joseph H. Werling
  • Patent number: 5429059
    Abstract: A coal-fired firetube boiler and a method for converting a gas-fired firetube boiler to a coal-fired firetube boiler, the converted boiler including a plurality of combustion zones within the firetube and controlled stoichiometry within the combustion zones.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 24, 1993
    Date of Patent: July 4, 1995
    Assignee: The University of Tennessee Research Corporation
    Inventors: Charles L. Wagoner, John P. Foote
  • Patent number: 5408941
    Abstract: Service doors for a multi oil furnace to improve serviceability are disclosed wherein the multi oil furnace is provided with a hinged front door to provide access to the burner chamber and heat exchanger, while a burner housing is pivotally mounted to the front door to permit movement thereof to gain access to the burner assembly without requiring dismantling of the burner assembly, the burner housing or the front door. A connecting line delivering a flow of used oil to the burner assembly is provided with a rotatable coupling mounted in line with the pivot axis of the burner assembly so that the burner assembly can be accessed for service with a minimum of inconvenience. A power cable delivering electrical power to the burner assembly is mounted such that disconnection of the power cable is required when either the burner housing or the front door is pivotally moved for service of the various components of the multi oil furnace.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 14, 1994
    Date of Patent: April 25, 1995
    Assignee: Clean Burn, Inc.
    Inventors: Emanuel S. Beiler, Benuel F. Smoker, David J. Yoder
  • Patent number: 5400726
    Abstract: A method for treating waste involves (a) compressing the waste at a pressure of over 800 bars under conditions resulting in separation of the wet fermentable fraction and the solid combustible fraction; (b) exploiting each of these two fractions separately by means of, for the fermentable fraction, specific treatment to take advantage of its biomass nature and, for the combustible fraction, burning to produce energy. The method allows the waste to be exploited with high profitability. The invention also describes an improved press for compression in two successive phases: a precompression phase up to an intermediate pressure (200 to 300 bars) and final compression up to a final pressure of over 800 bars.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 18, 1993
    Date of Patent: March 28, 1995
    Inventor: Pierre Dumons
  • Patent number: 5396848
    Abstract: A refuse burning equipment with a heat energy utilizing system includes a first burning room and a second burning room connected with the first one with a burning gas passageway. The first burning room have two tubular fences made of a tube bent into many parallel tubes of horizontal or vertical direction for condensed water to flow through to cool it. Refuse is conveyed through a distributor and pushed down by a screw pusher to be piled in the tubular fences as a thin and high of refuse wall, which then is dried and lowered down gradually by a roller above a furnace grate and then ignited by fuel oil sprayed out of a nozzle. Time for the refuse drying before unload on the grate and chance of refuse to contact with combustion gas are augmented to lower the excess air ratio required in the burning and the temperature of the combustion gas is greatly increased and thus the thermal efficiency improved.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 15, 1993
    Date of Patent: March 14, 1995
    Inventor: Tsung-Hsien Kuo
  • Patent number: 5392719
    Abstract: A renovated incinerator is essentially composed of a furnace, a circulation means, and an exhausting means. The circulating means picks up any particle which is unburned or not burned thoroughly and delivered to the furnace for continuous burning until all waste material become ashes which are collected and forming asbestos. A circular water tank is integrally formed surrounding the furnace to utilize steam from boiling water in the tank to generate power.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 10, 1994
    Date of Patent: February 28, 1995
    Inventor: Hung L. Wen-Chiang
  • Patent number: 5388534
    Abstract: Combustible gases are produced from a solid fuel by pyrolizing the fuel in a pyrolyzer containing a low grade solid fuel producing combustible gases, and carbonaceous material that is combusted in a furnace to produce hot products that include hot flue gases and particulate material. The hot products are separated into a plurality of streams, one of which contains comparatively coarse ash which is directed into the pyrolyzer for effecting the pyrolyzation of the fuel. A stream of reaction gases is applied to the pyrolyzer in such a way that the stream of reaction gases bubbles through the carbonaceous material in the pyrolyzer without fluidizing such material. In effect, the reaction gases activate the void fraction in the pyrolyzer thereby reducing the residence time of the material therein.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 28, 1993
    Date of Patent: February 14, 1995
    Assignee: Ormat Inc.
    Inventors: Benjamin Doron, Daniel Goldman, Eli Yaffe
  • Patent number: 5381741
    Abstract: A system for providing thermal power to an electrical power plant wherein substantially whole trees are supplied as fuel without being processed into small woodchips or chunks. A stacked cooling grate suspends the substantially whole trees within the combustion chamber. The cooling grate is formed by stacking an upper tube and at least one lower tube vertically beneath the upper tube. The tubes of the cooling grate are supplied with water to cool the grate.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 2, 1994
    Date of Patent: January 17, 1995
    Inventor: L. David Ostlie
  • Patent number: 5375538
    Abstract: A boiler having vertical walls of large size constituted by screens of heat exchanger tubes, fitted with a flue gas recycling circuit, and including a prismatic bottom portion referred to as an "ash box". The recycled combustion gases are fed via at least one duct that opens out into one of the end walls of a hopper disposed beneath the ash box.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 15, 1992
    Date of Patent: December 27, 1994
    Assignee: Stein Industrie
    Inventors: Bernard Goussu, Samuel Thobois
  • Patent number: 5370067
    Abstract: Urban waste is dried and burned in a mechanical grate furnace in a reducing atmosphere to reduce the formation of NO.sub.x. Consumption of the clinker is completed in a well at the base of which a device such as a plasma torch is provided for vitrifying the clinker. The combustion gases are burned in the presence of secondary air in a circulating fluidized bed furnace. Most of the fly ash is removed from the flue gases in a filter before the gases are passed through a boiler in which they are cooled. The flue gases then pass through a conventional cleansing area from which they are evacuated by a stack. There are very low concentrations of harmful products in the flue gases and in the clinker. The fly ash collected on the exit side of the fluidized bed is recycled with the clinker to be vitrified. Heavy metals evaporated in the furnaces are recovered via a purge.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 4, 1994
    Date of Patent: December 6, 1994
    Assignee: T.I.R.V. - Traitement Industriel des Residus Urbains
    Inventor: Claude Finet
  • Patent number: 5353719
    Abstract: An apparatus for controlled processing of materials includes a coolant jacketed vessel defining a first pyrolysis chamber and a second oxidation chamber, first heating elements mounted in the vessel to pyrolyze materials in the first chamber, second heating elements mounted in the vessel to oxidize materials in the second chamber, an induction fan, airflow inlet valves and an air intake proportioning valve connected to the vessel for producing separate variable flows of primary and secondary air into and through the first and second chambers, first sensors mounted on the vessel for sensing the temperatures in the first and second chambers and in the coolant, a second sensor mounted on the vessel for sensing the proportion of a predetermined gas in the discharge gases, and a control system responsive to the temperatures sensed in the first and second chambers and the coolant and to the proportion of the predetermined gas sensed in the discharge gases for controlling the induction fan and air intake proportioni
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 9, 1992
    Date of Patent: October 11, 1994
    Inventors: Roger D. Eshleman, Paul H. Stevers
  • Patent number: 5339755
    Abstract: A system for controlling sulfur dioxide (SO.sub.2) in a flue gas produced by a boiler comprises an air heater connected to the boiler for cooling the flue gas produced by the boiler. A dry scrubber is connected to the air heater and a slurry source for receiving the heated flue gas and a slurry in order to remove SO.sub.2 from the flue gas. A particulate collector is connected to the dry scrubber in order to collect particles from the flue gas. Heat is recovered from the flue gas by connecting a condensing heat exchanger to the particulate collector; and a condensate recycler is connected to the condensing heat exchanger and the slurry source for reducing the water requirements for the system.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 10, 1993
    Date of Patent: August 23, 1994
    Assignee: The Babcock & Wilcox Company
    Inventor: J. William Smith
  • Patent number: 5335607
    Abstract: A furnace for burning rubber tires. The furnace has a unique divided and apertured fire box to delay burning so that more complete combustion is complete. Forced air, and afterburner and a converter section also combine to provide for near smokeless discharge from the exhaust of the furnace.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 22, 1993
    Date of Patent: August 9, 1994
    Inventor: Ernest J. Wilcox
  • Patent number: 5317979
    Abstract: Combustion waste gases of coal dust comprising SO.sub.2 and fly ash are completely and dry desulphurized by very quickly heating up the fly ash to a high temperature which, however, is below the sintering temperature of the fly ash, and cooling the combustion waste gases to a temperature, the distance of which to the water dew point is relatively small and is below 25.degree. C. Thereby, SO.sub.2 is bound into the ash, so that the combustion waste gases become free of SO.sub.2. (FIG.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 16, 1992
    Date of Patent: June 7, 1994
    Assignee: Fritz Schoppe
    Inventors: Fritz Schoppe, Josef Prostler
  • Patent number: 5315938
    Abstract: Liquid accumulators which substantially include several or at least one type of energy generation, such as heatable to almost the temperature of fresh air by solar irradiation with the thermal supply of circulation heat, by refuse combustion with the recovery of waste heat, by recovery of waste heat from exhaust gases in the case of heating boilers and generators, and also usable in a continuous process for the production of biogas from small refuse in the sewage.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 30, 1992
    Date of Patent: May 31, 1994
    Inventor: Walter Freller
  • Patent number: 5305698
    Abstract: This invention is directed to a method and apparatus for improving fluid flow and gas mixing in boilers. More particularly, this invention pertains to a method and apparatus for improved fluid flow and gas mixing in kraft recovery boilers for increased energy efficiency, reduced TRS emissions and increased capacity. The method of introducing air into a boiler furnace comprises: (a) introducing air through at least one opening located on at least a first wall of the interior of the furnace; and (b) introducing air through at least one second opening located on a second wall of the interior of the furnace opposed to the first wall at the same, or slightly different, elevations.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 22, 1992
    Date of Patent: April 26, 1994
    Inventors: Brian R. Blackwell, Colin MacCallum
  • Patent number: 5297494
    Abstract: A combustible waste incinerator with a tubular furnace defining a cavity with a first opening for receiving said waste and a second opening and an interior and an exterior surface is disclosed. A burner unit is positioned at the second opening of the cavity for producing an intense flame in the cavity sufficient to burn the combustible waste therein. A water pipe and an air pipe are spirally coiled along the interior surface of the cavity for dissipating heat formed and supplying air to the cavity to promote combustion. The water pipe and the air supply pipe are disposed on the interior surface of the cavity such that a spiral channel is formed from the first opening to the second opening of the cavity. A cylindrical wire screen is disposed between the water and air supply pipes and the cavity to permit at least a portion of the waste to pass from the cavity into the spiral channel.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 23, 1992
    Date of Patent: March 29, 1994
    Inventors: Jae B. Kim, Jang H. Kim
  • Patent number: 5289787
    Abstract: A material processing apparatus includes a casing having outer and inner spaced walls forming an airtight vessel inside of the inner walls and a channel between the outer and inner walls surrounding the vessel for containing a flow of coolant fluid. The vessel contains a first chamber having an inlet and a second chamber connected in communication with the first chamber and having an outlet. The first chamber receives materials through its inlet. The materials are pyrolyzed in the first chamber. The second chamber receives the pyrolyzed materials from the first chamber. The pyrolyzed materials are oxidized in the second chamber and then discharged therefrom. The vessel defined by the casing is separated into first and second units. The first chamber of the vessel for pyrolyzing materials is disposed in the first unit. The second chamber of the vessel has primary and secondary sections for oxidizing materials in two successive stages.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 9, 1992
    Date of Patent: March 1, 1994
    Inventor: Roger D. Eshleman
  • Patent number: 5289786
    Abstract: The present invention includes four chambers for containing refuse, a porous membrane at least partially enclosing the chambers, and a housing enclosing the porous membrane and the chambers. Combustion fuel is supplied to the porous membrane so that surface combustion takes place at the surface of the porous membrane facing the chamber for burning the refuse contained in the chamber. Electrical means may also be employed to provide combustion of the refuse. Safety features include pressure feed-back means for monitoring and regulating the pressure within the apparatus and temperature feed-back means for monitoring and regulating the temperature within the apparatus. A particle bin is positioned below the chamber for receiving burned particles from the chamber. The gases generated from the burning refuse is collected and pumped through a super heating and purifying chamber (eliminated all hazardous affluent) and into the boiler type heat exchanger and thereby producing steam for electrical generation.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 26, 1993
    Date of Patent: March 1, 1994
    Inventor: Haile S. Clay
  • Patent number: 5285737
    Abstract: An has included a furnace, a blower at one side of the furnace, a fuel supply means, a wind guiding means, a filter means, a broiling chamber, and a dust expelling means. The furnace has a combustion chamber at inner bottom portion adapted to burn trash therein by lighting a fire on the trash through the fuel supply means. Ashes results from burning trash are cleaned through a door on the broiling chamber. Waste gas results from burning trash is expelled through the filter means whereas most particles of the smoke are falling on the bottom of the furnace and only a few amount of particles and the Carbone Monoxide are expelled through exhaust fan of the filter means.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 5, 1992
    Date of Patent: February 15, 1994
    Assignee: Tsai-Hsia Chen
    Inventor: Hong-Jen Chen
  • Patent number: 5273209
    Abstract: A heating unit and solid fuel feeder comprises a vertical furnace having a combustion chamber for burning solid fuel, a water jacket around the combustion chamber and an exhaust chamber at an upper outlet end of the combustion chamber. A plenum box is connected to the furnace and defines an interior space. Water circulation tubes extend from an upper end of the water jacket, through the plenum and into a water tank positioned on an opposite side of the plenum. Additional water tubes are connected between a lower end of the water tank and a lower end of the jacket. Water circulates as hot water rises in the jacket and falls in the water tank. A plurality of exhaust conduits which also extend in the plenum, are connected between the exhaust chamber and a smoke box. A stack is connected to the exhaust box. Air flowing or blown through the plenum picks up heat from the water pipes and exhaust conduit. Hot water from the tank may be used as an additional source of heat or to heat domestic hot water.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 23, 1992
    Date of Patent: December 28, 1993
    Inventors: Charles E. MacArthur, Charles A. Malatesta
  • Patent number: 5261337
    Abstract: The present invention aims for the object thereof at preventing unburnt gas and noxious gas components from being generated in a refuse incinerator, and provides a combustion control method by which it is arranged so that a feeder (2) and a stoker (3) are not only controlled so as to keep evaporation (S1) of the boiler at a target value thereby to achieve stabilized combustion extending over a long period of time, but also feed water quantity (S2) and the like from a boiler water pipe section (2) forming a combustion chamber (6) are detected, and the rate of overfire air quantity to main combustion air quantity to a lower part of the stoker is controlled at a constant total gas capacity so that the fluctuation width of the feed water quantity (S2) falls within a set range.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 13, 1992
    Date of Patent: November 16, 1993
    Assignee: Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
    Inventors: Norihiko Orita, Hidetaka Ono, Masaharu Kira, Shizuo Yasuda
  • Patent number: 5259342
    Abstract: A method and apparatus for low NOX combustion of natural gas in a compact steam boiler having output steam delivery controlled by predetermined outlet steam pressure. The compact boiler employs a small high heat release combustor discharging into a forced draft convective heat exchange section. In operation, the compact boiler is completely and automatically self-operating, employing flue gas recirculation (FGR) wherein the FGR is admitted into the burner combustion air through a valve controlled by boiler flue gas NOX content. A novel bell mouthed flue gas scoop is utilized in the boiler stack upstream of the NOX sensor. In an alternate combustion chamber design, a cylindrical water wall coil surrounds the combustion process, increasing boiler efficiency through the inherent large temperature difference between the coil and the combustion in process, along with reducing the combustion temperature and further reducing the NOX content of combustion products.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 11, 1991
    Date of Patent: November 9, 1993
    Assignee: Mark IV Transportation Products Corporation
    Inventors: Robert T. Brady, Dean C. Townsend, George A. Weller, Joseph H. Werling
  • Patent number: 5255615
    Abstract: A system for discharging ash comprises a hopper provided with a system of hydraulically activated valves having the function of separating the hopper environment from the extractor environment, thereby creating an accumulation store inside the hopper which allows brief shutdowns for any required maintenance in the downstream extractor and the plant, and which prevents the direct falling of large lumps of agglomerated ash onto the belt and also, in the case of a multifuel boiler, avoids radiation to the extraction belt when gas or oil is used as fuel. Downstream of the area of ash discharge from the extractor a system of crushing, cooling, transport and storage of the ash is also provided.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 29, 1991
    Date of Patent: October 26, 1993
    Inventor: Mario Magaldi
  • Patent number: 5245937
    Abstract: A method of burning a combustible solid residue from a chemical plant, which comprises feeding a slurry of combustible solid residues in an oil, the amount of the oil being at least 0.5 part by weight per part by weight of the combustible solid residues, into a burner in a combustion furnace comprised of a main combustion chamber having the burner in its arch, a secondary combustion chamber formed in the lower portion of the main combustion chamber, and a flue gas duct provided beneath and following the secondary combustion chamber, burning the residue in the main combustion chamber, conducting the combustion gas into the secondary combustion chamber, and allowing it to reside at a temperature 800.degree. to 1000.degree. C. for at least 0.5 second.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 29, 1990
    Date of Patent: September 21, 1993
    Assignees: Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding Co., Ltd., Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd.
    Inventors: Noriaki Nakase, Masao Koyama, Masahiro Inada, Toshiaki Masaoka, Tohoru Abiko, Kenji Takahashi
  • Patent number: 5231936
    Abstract: This invention is an apparatus for drying and burning high-hydrous combustible solids comprising: a hopper for containing high-hydrous combustible solids; a drier for drying said high-hydrous combustible solids when transported from said hopper to said drier 1; a combustion chamber for receiving and burning dried solid from a transportation tube; and a means to lead the waste gas from said combustion chamber to said drier to be used as drying gas. High-hydrous combustible solids are transported to furnace the combustion chamber immediately after being dried in the drier, and the waste gas from the combustion chamber is used as drying gas in the drier.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 25, 1992
    Date of Patent: August 3, 1993
    Assignees: Miyagi Ken, Takahashi Syokuhin Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha, Kabushikikaisha Kameyamatekoshi
    Inventors: Takashi Kikuchi, Shoji Sakurai, Ikurou Shisido, Touru Yoshida, Hideo Seki, Shinya Watanabe
  • Patent number: 5230293
    Abstract: A multi-loop control system and a method for using the control system to even out the generation of heat produced by a refuse incineration plant. The quantity of steam generated is controlled as a primary controlled variable and the oxygen content of the flue gas is controlled as a secondary controlled variable. This method makes it possible to improve other parameters in operating a refuse incineration plant.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 24, 1992
    Date of Patent: July 27, 1993
    Assignee: Von Roll AG
    Inventor: Alfons Schirmer
  • Patent number: 5215018
    Abstract: A method of thermally oxidizing a gaseous component, e.g., including one or more volatile organic compounds, is disclosed. This method comprises passing an amount of an oxygen component, a controlled amount of a fuel component and an amount of a gaseous component to be thermally oxidized to a combustion zone to combust the oxygen component and the fuel component, to at least partially thermally oxidize the gaseous component and to form a gaseous effluent; contacting the gaseous effluent in a retention zone at conditions effective to thermally oxidize the gaseous component, and thereby form a flue gas; and controlling the amount of fuel component passed to the combustion zone based on the temperature in at least one of said combustion zone and said retention zone contacting occurs. A thermal oxidation apparatus useful for practicing the present method is also disclosed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 23, 1992
    Date of Patent: June 1, 1993
    Assignee: White Horse Technologies, Inc.
    Inventors: Abbas Sardari, John D. Von Bargen
  • Patent number: 5195883
    Abstract: Flue gas is captured from an emissions stack and recirculated to a burner by an induced flue gas recirculation system comprising: a mixing assembly for mixing combustion air and recirculated flue gas into a substantially homogeneous mix; a burner assembly for mixing and combusting the combustible mix with a fuel to produce a flue gas; an injection assembly, connected to and downstream from the mixing assembly and connected to and upstream from the burner assembly, for receiving the combustible mix from the mixing assembly and injecting it with the combustible fuel into the burner assembly; a combustion chamber connected to and downstream of the burner assembly for containing the combustible mix and flue gas; an emissions stack connected to and downstream from the combustion chamber for venting the flue gas from the combustion chamber; recirculating means for recirculating a portion of the flue gas from the emissions stack to the mixing assembly; and a purge assembly connected to the recirculating means for re
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 1, 1992
    Date of Patent: March 23, 1993
    Assignee: Aqua-Chem, Inc.
    Inventors: Terrance B. Hanna, Robert K. Black