Abstract: A method wherein a number of cylinders (2, 3; 1, 4) are grouped on a same exhaust gas manifold (8, 10) such that the pressure in the exhaust pipe (1e . . . 4e) undergoes time-dependent fluctuations of substantial amplitudes, and the exhaust valve (6) of a cylinder (1) is opened during induction or filling thereof (i.e. adjacent to the bottom dead center) so that, in a given engine speed range, a phase (28) of low instantaneous exhaust pressure prevailing in the exhaust pipe enables the inlet pipe (1a)/cylinder (1)/exhaust pipe (1e) to be scavenged while the inlet valve (5) and the exhaust valve (6) are simultaneously open. The phase (29) of high instantaneous exhaust pressure, caused by another cylinder, after the inlet valve (5) has closed and while the exhaust valve (6) is still open, is used for post-charging the cylinder (1) with air (A) previously stored in the exhaust pipe (1e).

Abstract: Process and device for supplying air to the cylinder of a two-stroke internal combustion engine, with at least one set of two cylinders arranged at 180 degrees, supercharged by a post-filling effect. Said device is characterized in that it comprises a volumetric pimp defined by the natural movement of a piston between its top dead center and its bottom dead center and inversely, connected to intake air transit means (8A, 8B) for the air supply thereto. Advantageously the volumetric pump is formed by the pump casing of the cylinder which is in the scavenging phase. In a variant, this device comprises at least one transfer passage (30) intermittently connecting the transit means (8A, 8B) with the upstream pump casing (6B, or 6A) associated therewith. The device of the invention provides, at all times, the required aie supply and hence correct operation of the engine even at low loads or during start-up, and in an easy manner.

Abstract: The invention relates to new and useful improvements in the exhaust and induction processes of the piston driven internal combustion engine. In the invention a gas ejector is used in conjunction with a poppet valve to control the induction of air and the discharge of combustion gases through a common duct within the engine cylinder head. The common duct is brought into communication with the clearance volume above the engine piston by rotation of the engine camshaft which is made equal to the rotation of the engine crankshaft, such that the poppet valve is operated at twice the cycle frequency required for four-stroke operation in the conventional engine. By operating the valve at this cycle frequency, and by the employment of gas ejector systems at the cylinder head above the poppet valve, and at another position on the engine cylinder near the bottom dead center of the engine piston travel, the engine is able to function interchangeably as a four-stroke or as a two-stroke system while running.

Abstract: This gas pressure generating engine has a totally unconnected piston running between a combustion chamber and a rebounding volume. The piston uncovers the outlet port after moving a short distance from the combustion chamber and utilizes the rest of the piston's long stroke to draw in new air; and after turning around at the stroke's end to pump to the outlet a large part of the drawn-in air. The remainder of the drawn-in air is further compressed for combustion. The stroke of the piston is restricted only by the energy it receives from the combustion chamber. The rebounding volume's pressure is adjustable to adjust the pressure-volume ratio of the outlet gas. A tuned valve in the outlet and a tuned blowdown tube maximize gas momentum scavenging of the combustion chamber to improve the efficiency and extend the operating range.

Abstract: A method and means are described for determining the average backpressure at a cylinder exhaust port in a crankcase scavenged two-cycle engine. The exhaust backpressure is determined by averaging the pressure of air within a crankcase chamber associated with the cylinder, during a portion of the engine operating cycle when the cylinder inlet and exhaust ports are simultaneously open. The overlap interval in port openings creates a channel for airflow between the crankcase chamber and the cylinder exhaust port, and except for an initial portion of the interval assocated with the pressure equalization between the cylinder and its crankcase chamber, the crankcase pressure substantially equals the backpressure appearing at the cylinder exhaust port. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, a pressure sensor is disposed within the crankcase chamber to sample air pressure at specified engine rotational positions during the overlap interval.

Abstract: A marine propulsion device comprising a propulsion unit including an internal combustion engine, the engine comprising a cylinder, a water jacket, a water jacket inlet port communicating with the water jacket, and a lower face having therein an exhaust outlet port communicating with the cylinder, the propulsion unit also including a drive shaft housing having a lower end, a gearcase connected to the lower end of the drive shaft housing, a propeller rotatably supported by the gearcase, a drive shaft which extends through the drive shaft housing and which includes an upper end driven by the engine and a lower end drivingly connected to the propeller, and an exhaust housing located at least partially within the drive shaft housing and connected to the lower face of the engine, the exhaust housing comprising an exhaust passage located interiorly of the exhaust housing and communicating with the exhaust outlet port, a water intake port, and a water intake passage located interiorly of the exhaust housing and commu

Abstract: A free-piston engine in which combustion gas is conducted around a piston for a short time during the expansion stroke. The resulting lowered pressure enables intaking in the final part of this stroke. Pressure from the gas conducted around the piston serves as the piston rebounding force and as the engine output.

Abstract: A two-stroke internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder head 14 having intake valves 20 and exhaust valves 22 arranged therein. A supercharger 42 is arranged in an intake pipe 44 and a tank 46 is mounted downstream of the supercharger 42. A valve 48 is arranged in an opening between the tank 46 and the pipe 44. From the pipe b 44, two intake manifolds 30 and 32 are branched, with respective branch pipes connected to the respective intake ports 24. An intake control valve 50 is arranged in one of the manifold 32, which closes at idling and under a low load of the engine. The engine further has means for generating a swirl S about an axis of the combustion chamber 18 by a portion of exhaust gas caused to flow back from the exhaust port 26 into the combustion chamber 18 after being once exhausted through the exhaust port when the exhaust valve is open.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pulsation controller in the intake/exhaust systems of internal combustion engines inclusive of two-cycle gasoline engines, four-cycle engines and rotary piston engines, and includes a device for detecting by means of a sensor pulsation in the intake/exhaust pipes connected to a cylinder, and a control means for allowing the desired pressure wave in the pulsation to coincide with the given position of the intake/exhaust system by the detection result obtained by this sensor. The phase of a standing wave in the intake/exhaust system of the engine is detected to control the impedance or the timing for opening and closing valves or ports in the intake/exhaust system and, hence, the phase of a standing wave in the intake/exhaust system, thereby improving the intake/exhaust efficiency for more efficient operation.

Abstract: A two-cycle internal combustion engine operated with a fuel mixture having exhaust gas turbo charging. To inhibit carbon fouling of the exhaust gas turbine, a turbine wheel housing is arranged inside the exhaust manifold. To balance the resultant heating of the turbo charger compressor, the cooling system of the engine is directed so as to cool the compressor housing and intake manifold. The intake manifold system and exhaust system are tuned to the engine so as to set up periodic vibrations which provide dynamic charging and rinsing of the cylinder.

Abstract: A fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine having inlet porting and a fuel supply passage with valve means therein, the cross-sectional area lying within the outside passage walls being greater in the region of the valve means than in a region upstream of the valve means. An element is disposed in the passage tending to equalize the velocity of the fuel flow through the supply passage in different regions thereof, and means are also provided in connection of a fuel reservoir or vessel to the fuel supply passage or channel in the region of and through said element.

Abstract: A source of gas pressure from an internal combustion engine is made available by tapping off the exhaust products within the combustion chamber, preferably just prior to exhausting the gas out of the engine. A pressure tap fitting communicates with the combustion chamber through the cylinder wall. The opening into the combustion chamber is closed off during most of the stroke of the engine by the skirt of the piston. As the piston, during the power stroke of the engine, is driven down the cylinder wall, the crown of the piston eventually clears the opening in the pressure tap. The exhaust gas, under very high pressure, enters the tap just prior to dumping the exhaust gas through the exhaust ports of the engine. Thus, a useful source of pressure is derived from the engine without affecting the operating efficiency of the engine.

Abstract: An internal system for use in an internal combustion engine which includes a carburetor, a throttle valve and a check valve. A supplemental chamber is connected to an intake passage adapted to introduce therethrough air-fuel mixture from the throttle valve to a combustion chamber. The supplemental chamber is in communication with the intake passage at a position between the throttle valve and the check valve. The supplemental chamber is provided with an opening directed tangentially with respect to an inner cylindrical periphery of the intake passage. In another embodiment of the invention, a control passage is formed in communication between the supplemental chamber and the intake passage. A downstream end of the control passage is opened at a position adjacent to an initially opening position of the check valve.

Abstract: The invention includes an outboard motor comprising a power head having an exhaust gas port, a drive shaft housing extending downwardly from the power head and including an exhaust gas discharge outlet adjacent its lower end, and a continuous folded passage housed in the drive shaft housing. The folded passage includes a first passage portion having an upper end communicating with the exhaust gas port a second portion extending upwardly from the lower end of the first portion and having an upper end, and a third portion communicating with the upper end of the second portion. The folded passage functions to return to the exhaust port as positive pressure pulses the pressure pulses emitted by the exhaust ports, the folded passage causing return of the pressure pulses in timed relation with respect to closing of the exhaust port to thereby facilitate precompression of the fuel mixture entering the cylinder.

Abstract: This invention relates to a two-stroke, spark ignition, internal combustion engine, with two, three, four or six cylinders. Fuel injection is provided by means of combustion gases and no fuel pump is employed. The working spaces of the engine cylinders are interconnected by means of ducts in such a manner that during the working stroke a small amount of high pressure combustion gases enters the working space. After the duct port is uncovered by the piston the combustion gases are carried over on their way by a predetermined amount of fuel, thereby effecting the injection.

Abstract: A naturally aspirated eight cylinder internal combustion V-engine in which the cylinders of each bank of cylinders are divided into groups of two cylinders each, and in which the inlet ports of each group pertaining to one and the same cylinder bank are brought together to a joint inlet manifold. Each two cylinders of one and the same group of cylinders have a firing interval which equals or is greater than the opening period of the respective inlet valve pertaining to the respective group of cylinders.

Abstract: The intake ports of the combustion chambers of two alternately-operating cylinders of a two-stroke internal combustion engine are connected by a conduit which sets up temporary communication between the two cylinders. In operation, while the piston of one cylinder is at the top dead center, explosive mixture is sucked via an opening in the skirt of the piston and through said conduit to scavenge the other cylinder. During the driving stroke of the first cylinder, just before opening of the exhaust, its piston uncovers the intake port so that the residual energy of the combustion gases supercharges the explosive mixture in the other combustion chamber.

Abstract: This invention relates to a two-stroke, spark ignition, internal combustion engine, with two, three, four or six cylinders. Fuel injection is provided by means of combustion gases and no fuel pump is employed. The working spaces of the engine cylinders are interconnected by means of ducts in such a manner that during the working stroke a small amount of high pressure combustion gases enters the working space, after the duct port is uncovered by the piston carrying over on their way a predetermined amount of fuel, thereby effecting the injection.