Abstract: Cigarettes which yield low levels of visible sidestream smoke upon use employ a paper wrapping material having about 25 weight percent magnesium hydroxide, about 15 weight percent calcium carbonate and about 60 weight percent flax. The wrapping material has an inherent permeability of about 12 CORESTA units and a net permeability of about 100 to about 130 CORESTA units. The wrapping material containing an amount of water soluble alkali metal salt sufficient to provide at least about 35 mg water soluble alkali metal ions per gram of dry base web. The alkali metal salt is such that the wrapping material includes a significantly greater level of potassium ions than sodium ions. the cigarettes, when employed, provide cohesive ash which is not highly flakey.

Abstract: A coaxial cigarette comprising an inner core of a material glowing away substantially without residue, in particular tobacco material, with a sheath for the inner core, an outer jacket coaxially surrounding the inner core and its sheath and comprising a tobacco and/or non-tobacco material, and a sheath for the outer jacket, has a diameter of the inner core which lies in the range from 45% to 80% of the outer diameter of the coaxial cigarette; the inner core has a packing density in the range from 300 to 400 mg/cm.sup.3 ; the outer jacket has a packing density in the rnage from 170 to 250 mg/cm.sup.3. The sheath of the inner core has an air permeability of less than 3 ISO units.

Abstract: An elongate smoking article for releasing an aerosol into the mouth of a smoker comprises, a fuel rod having a light-up end adapted to be lit by a smoker; a tube extending from the fuel rod to a mouth end of the article thereby defining a condensation chamber between the fuel rod and the mouth end of the article; ventilation means to permit the passage of ventilating air from the light-up end of the fuel rod to the condensation chamber, and a porous ceramic cylindrical element impregnated with an aerosol precursor surrounding the fuel rod and in intimate contact with at least a portion thereof. A permeable fire-proof sheath surrounds the ceramic element, the sheath being adapted to provide physical integrity of the whole assembly, to allow the inward diffusion of air to maintain and propagate combustion of the fuel rod and to allow outward diffusion of combustion products.

Abstract: A variable ventilation mouthpiece for a smoking article includes first and second sets of vents, the first set serving to admit ambient air into the mouthpiece, and the second set adapted to variably introduce the admitted air into the smokestream for varying the level for dilution of the smokestream in relation to the suction applied by the smoker to the mouthpiece.

Abstract: A filter mouthpiece for a smoking article comprises a rod end portion having a tube extending axially therethrough and a mouth end portion. The tube is open at each end and has perforations in its wall. The peripheral surface of the filter mouthpiece is rendered air permeable in at least one discrete area by means of perforations in an impermeable tipping, to admit air to the filter. When attached to a tobacco rod this filter mouthpiece provides a substantially constant dry particulate matter delivery throughout the smoking of the article.

Abstract: Cigarettes which yield low levels of visible sidestream smoke upon use employ a paper wrapping material having about 25 weight percent magnesium hydroxide, about 15 weight percent calcium carbonate and about 60 weight percent flax. The wrapping material has an inherent permeability of about 12 CORESTA units and a net permeability of about 100 to about 130 CORESTA units. The wrapping material containing an amount of water soluble alkali metal salt and water soluble alkali earth metal salt sufficient to provide at least about 20 mg water soluble alkali metal and alkali earth metal ions per gram of dry base web. The cigarettes, when employed, provide cohesive ash which is not highly flakey.

Abstract: Cigarette sidestream smoke can have the aroma thereof altered by placing the cigarette wrapping paper in intimate contact with a flavor precursor such as ethyl vanillin glucoside. The cigarettes exhibit good tobacco taste during use. The flavor precursor provides no substantial aroma to the cigarette prior to use thereof, and a characteristic aroma of the flavoring agent in the sidestream smoke during use thereof. Cigarettes can have a wrapping paper containing magnesium oxide and/or magnesium hydroxide, the paper having a net permeability of greater than 50 CORESTA units and an inherent permeability of less than 45 CORESTA units. The paper containing magnesium oxide and/or magnesium hydroxide is in intimate contact with a flavor precursor, and the filter of the cigarette includes a flavor carrier such as a flavored pellet.

Abstract: Cigarettes having low efficiency filters, rods of cut filler having a low packing density, and paper wraps having a high net permeabilities and low inherent permeabilities can yield good taste, low gas phase mainstream deliveries as well as low amounts of visible sidestream smoke. Typical cigarettes have relatively large amounts of volume expanded flue-cured tobacco materials as cut filler, paper wraps containing magnesium oxide and/or magnesium hydroxide, and relatively high levels of air dilution.

Abstract: A cigarette-type smoking article has a short tobacco-containing fuel element, a passageway for mainstream tobacco smoke flow, a flavor source which provides enhanced flavor to the tobacco smoke which passes therethrough, and a mouthend piece. The article is highly air diluted and the air dilution is provided through the periphery of the article as perforations in a region immediately behind the fuel element. Such an article delivers highly flavored mainstream tobacco smoke and relatively low levels of pyrolysis and/or combustion derived wet total particulate matter.

Abstract: A method of making a ventilated cigarette filter plug in which a bore is thermally formed, by a laser beam for example, in a rod comprising a duct extending coaxially of the rod and matrix material surrounding the duct. The thermally formed bore extends through the matrix material to provide air-flow communication between the periphery of the rod and the interior of the duct.

Abstract: A ventilated smoker's mouthpiece, e.g. for a cigarette, in which the degree of ventilation is readily adjustable. The mouthpiece includes a ventilating outer sleeve around a buccal end core member and an adjacent upstream core member longitudinally aligned therewith. The buccal end core member bus, extending upstream from its exposed end, a portion which is movable longitudinally relative to the remainder thereof to move the adjacent upstream core member longitudinally relative to the sleeve to vary the extent of ventilation permitted through the outer sleeve. Thus, the outer sleeve may have one or more ventilating orifices, with longitudinal movement of the adjacent upstream core member under the action of the movable portion of the buccal end core member, bringing the upstream core member at least partially into or out of blocking registration with the ventilation orifice or orifices, or altering the extent of such blocking registration, with the amount of ventilation permitted varying accordingly.

Abstract: An adjustable air dilution cigarettte with pressure drop compensation is disclosed. The cigarette comprises a tobacco rod and a filter element disposed within a filter assembly to which the tobacco rod is attached. The filter assembly comprises telescoping inner and outer sleeves, the inner sleeve having a plurality of air dilution passages which may be exposed or covered by telescoping movement of the outer sleeve to adjust the amount of diluent air admitted to the cigarette. As the outer sleeve is telescopically moved to increase the amount of diluent air admitted, it also compresses the filter element to cause an increase in pressure drop of the cigarette and thus compensate for the decrease in pressure drop resulting from the increased admission of diluent air.

Abstract: A cigarette filter rod comprising a filter element of fibrous material, the fibres of which extend longitudinally between a first end which is for attachment to a tobacco rod and a second end, and which surrounds a longitudinally extending tube member, one end of which is closed and is located at the first end of the filter element and the open end of which extends to the second end of the element, the wall of the tube being provided with one or more radially extending apertures adjacent to its closed end to promote radial flow through the fibres of the filter element adjacent the aperture or apertures and being dimensioned so that they remain open to allow flow communication through the wall of the tube throughout the period that a cigarette provided with the rod is smoked.

Abstract: Low sidestream cigarettes comprise at least 20% expanded tobacco and cigarette paper of an air permeability of not more than 20 Coresta units, the tobacco density being between 100 and 260 mg cm.sup.-3.

Abstract: A filter cigarette is provided with a filter assembly having a substantially tubular sleeve with at least one hinge formed in the periphery of the substantially tubular sleeve. The hinge causes the sleeve to be resilient in the radial direction which allows the sleeve diameter to decrease and increase so that the radii of the tobacco rod and filter assembly can be properly matched and the tipping materail can be tightly wrapped around the filter assembly.

Abstract: A ventilated cigarette having a filter consisting of filtering material wrapped in an outer cover strip having a number of radial ventilating holes; at least the portion of the aforementioned filtering material communicating externally through the ventilating holes and through the open end of the filter consisting of material which becomes increasingly permeable by air as its steam content and/or temperature increases.

Abstract: A filter cigarette is provided in which the smoker can select different flavorants or filter media for interposition in the smoke stream. A filter segment having two flow paths, each containing different flavoring or filtering media, cooperates with one or two rotatable end caps having openings for selective registration with the flow paths, are used to select the desired flow path. A method of delivering "air-swept flavor" is also provided.

Abstract: Cigarettes having high nicotine content tobacco cut filler are rendered smooth smoking and palatable by incorporating an organic acid additive therein. For example, a cigarette having a cut filler with a blend nicotine content of greater than 2 percent has at least one organic acid additive incorporated into the cigarette in an amount of greater than 1 percent. Smooth smoking cigarettes yielding good tobacco taste and minimal off-taste are provided when the majority of the organic acid additive is levulinic acid. The levulinic acid can be in a dissociated and/or nondissociated form. For cigarettes having filter elements, at least a portion of the levulinic acid can be present in the filter element. Alternatively, cigarettes can have at least a portion of the levulinic acid provided in the form of nicotine levulinate.

Abstract: A filter for a smoking article comprises a mouth-end section and a rod-end section, the opposed faces of which are so shaped that, on relative rotation they perform a camming action on each other, so that a variable volume air-smoke mixing chamber is formed. Ambient air passes into the air-smoke mixing chamber through perforations 22 in the wrapping.

Abstract: An aerosol delivery article is capable of producing substantial quantities of smoke, both initially and over the useful lifetime of the product, without significant thermal degradation of the aerosol former and without the presence of substantial pyrolysis or incomplete combustion products or sidestream smoke. The article also delivers very low levels of carbon monoxide. The article is able of providing the user with the sensations and benefits of cigarette smoking without burning tobacco. The article includes a carbonaceous fuel element, an aerosol forming substance within a heat conductive container, an outer member surrounding the heat conductive container, and a mouthend piece. Upon draw on the mouthend piece air enters the peripheral region of the outer member and enters the heat conductive container. As the heat conductive container is in a heat exchange relationship with the fuel element, aerosol is thereby formed within the container and passed to the mouth of the user.

Abstract: Ventilated cigarettes are made with a tip zone consisting of tobacco or a filter or a hollow tip, which contains, in the wrapper or wall, at least one ventilation zone. In the tip zone or between it and the tobacco roll, or in the latter, there is placed an element which consists of polymeric, not crimped spun fibers and/or filaments, which may have the shape of a disk. This element is arranged in such a manner that it is located behind the ventilation zone, when seen from the end of the tip zone facing the mouth. The spun fibers and filaments have, respectively, a diameter between 0.1 and 20 .mu.m and lie generally transverse to the flow of the tobacco smoke.

Abstract: A variable air dilution cigarette filter is disclosed. The air dilution filter comprises a thin, generally rigid cylindrical sleeve assembly comprising two sleeves frangibly or separably connected together and an overwrapped filter rod received in the sleeves so as to be rotatable with respect to one sleeve and fixed against rotation with respect to the other sleeve. Air dilution openings or perforations are provided in the one sleeve and the underlying filter rod overwrap so that relative rotation between the one sleeve and the filter rod varies the amount of diluting air which is allowed to pass through the sleeve and overwrap and into the filter rod and tobacco smoke.

Abstract: A cigarette filter comprising longitudinally aligned core components a first of which is air-permeable and of relatively high pressure drop longitudinally of the filter but substantially air-impermeable radially of the filter and a second of which is air-permeable and of relatively low pressure drop longitudinally of the filter, and a common wrap or partial wrap which extends along and around or partially around said core components and provides for ventilation of the filter at a region longitudinally spaced from the first core component.

Abstract: A smoking rod wrapper material has porosity apertures which are partially or fully blocked by a coating of a heat-removable, porosity-reducing composition. The composition melts as the burning tip of the smoking rod approaches to increase the porosity of the wrapper.

Abstract: A wrapper particularly useful for smoking articles of the type containing a burn fuel element and ceramic jacket. The wrapper includes an inner layer for surrounding the burn fuel element and jacket and an outer layer with the combination imparting controlled throttling properties. The inner layer may be a conventional cigarette wrapper material of cellulosic construction and having biased burned properties. The outer layer surrounds the inner sheet and preferably comprises cellulose fibers, titanium dioxide, attapulgite clay, high temperature resistant microfibers, and a burn enhancer. The outer wrapper also maintains permeability and pressure drop properties at temperatures in excess of 400.degree. C. while the inner wrapper burns out resulting in generally infinite permeability after burning.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention provides a simple, readily manufacturable, low tar cigarette with individual puff deliveries similar to those obtained from conventional cigarettes which have a higher total smoke delivery such as a full flavor cigarette. The low tar cigarette includes a tobacco rod segment having a length of 53 mm. or less abutting a filter segment having an overall length of at least 31 mm. wherein the filter segment includes a synthetic fiber filter plug and provides a smoke delivery reduction of at least 55% and wherein the cigarette has an average puff count of 6.5 or less. In another aspect, the invention provides nonconventional smoking articles which have an elongated nonsmokable mouthend portion, i.e.

Abstract: A tobacco smoke filter having a non-integral core of components [2, 3] joined and held in longitudinal alignment by a strip [1] which extends only partially around the core circumference to leave a gap [7] extending longitudinally of the core between the longitudinal edges [8] of the strip, and an outer wrap [5] which engages fully around the core and strip and provides--e.g. via perforations [9]--for the lateral ingress of external ventilating air therethrough and through the longitudinal gap.

Abstract: The segmented cigarette includes combustible inside and outside tubular walls that are spaced from each other by ridges extending therebetween. The inside wall holds a plurality of elongated segments of tobacco aligned end to end. Different tobaccos may be utilized in each segment. The upstream, axial end of each segment is sealed by paper. The inside wall includes a plurality of gas passages therethrough near the axial end seal such that gas from the burning end of the cigarette passes through those passages into the interspace between the outside and inside walls, expands and cools. This cooling and expansion reduces the accumulation of noxious substances in the segments of tobacco downstream.

Abstract: In order to obtain, during the smoking of a cigarette, each time the smoker draws, an amount of condensate which is more constant or is even less than heretofore, there is provided a cigarette filter unit having at least one membrane in the form of a screen positioned across the smoke-gas flow paths, the unit acting, while the cigarette is being smoked, as an internal bypass element. To this end, the spatial distribution of the openings in the membrane, and the cross sectional areas thereof, are accurately determined as to the size and shape. The thickness of the membrane is between 10 and 150 .mu.m, the number of openings therein is between 500 and 25,000, and the cross sectional area of the openings is between 80 and 3,000 .mu.m.sup.2.

Abstract: A filter cigarette has a wrapper surrounding the filter and retaining it on the end of the tobacco rod. At least one portion of the wrapper overlying the filter and extending circumferentially at least partly around the cigarette at a distance from the mouth end is delimited by a line or lines of weakness in the wrapper and is at least partly removable to expose a portion of the surface of the filter, whereby ventilating air can pass beneath the wrapper to reach the mouth end of the cigarette.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of controlling the "tar" delivery of cigarette smoke and more particularly to the method of controlling "tar" delivery of the non-filter cigarette while maintaining resistance to draw and other parameters of the cigarette at acceptable levels.

Abstract: A smoking article comprises a wrapped rod of smoking material, a filter element and a tipping wrapper by which the rod and filter element are interattached. The filter element comprises a body of fibrous filtration material and paper wrapper securing the filtration material. Opening means is provided in the paper wrapper extending longitudinally along the filter element and providing at least one ventillation-air distribution space bounded by the tipping wrapper. Ventilation air is permitted to ingress into the space at a first location, whereby air may flow through the space and then to enter the filtration material at a second location spaced longitudinally from the filter element. The smoking article of the invention has a number of advantages and represents an advance in the art in that it makes possible a more direct and better distributed flow of ventilation air into wrapped filter elements of smoking articles containing such elements.

Abstract: A cigarette comprises a tobacco rod and a filter element of porous filtration material having an air permeable surface and equiangularly spaced lengthwise extending peripheral ventilation grooves. The element and the rod are interattached by a first air-impermeable wrapper which can extend into and line the grooves. A second wrapper is wrapped about the element and extends from the downstream end thereof for a distance short of the upstream ends of the grooves. The second wrapper does not line the grooves where it extends thereover. Ventilation air is then able to enter the upstream ends of the grooves not covered by the second wrapper and flow therealong. Ventilation is thereby achieved without the necessity for tipping wrapper perforations. A method of making such cigarettes is also disclosed.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of operating on a cigarette, which comprises a tobacco rod and a filter element interattached by a thermoplastic tipping wrapper, to allow for the ingress of ventilation air. The filter element also comprises ventilation duct(s) extending therewithin. A heated former is brought into contact with the tipping wrapper in such a way as to form indentations which intersect with a ventilation duct(s) of the filter element and to seal upstream end portions thereof.

Abstract: A cigarette comprises a filter element having an air-permeable surface and a tobacco rod, the filter element and the tobacco rod being interattached by an air-impermeable tipping wrapper. The tipping wrapper is attached to, but spaced from, the underlying peripheral surfaces of the tobacco rod and the filter element at first zones extending from the upstream edge of the wrapper across the rod/element juncture and is unattached and spaced from the peripheral surfaces at second zones circumferentially intermediate the first zones. There are thus provided ventilation air inlet ducts through which air is able to enter the filter element without the necessity for tipping wrapper perforations.

Abstract: A cigarette comprises a tobacco rod and a filter element interattached by an air-impermeable tipping wrapper, the rod and the element abutting each other along a flat, continuous plane inclined at 45.degree. to the longitudinal axis of the cigarette. The tipping wrapper does not reach to the maximum upstream extent of the element, therefore air is able to enter the exposed air-permeable periphery of the element without the need for perforations in the air-impermeable tipping wrapper.

Abstract: An adjustable delivery filter cigarette includes a tobacco rod and a filter element having two layers of circumscribing plug wrap. The layer of plug wrap nearest the filter element is glued to the filter element. The overlying layer of plug wrap forms three bands about the filter element. The central band is rotatable. Tipping material having an air permeable region acts to attach the wrapped plug to the tobacco rod. Rotation of the central band allows for varying degrees of registry between regions of permeability in the two layers of plug wrap.

Abstract: A smoking article in the form of a filter cigarette can have adjustable air dilution capabilities. The filter element is movable toward and away from the tobacco rod along the longitudinal axis of the cigarette. Perforations in the tipping material of the cigarette expose the inner region of the cigarette and provide air dilution capabilities when the filter element and tobacco rod are in a spaced apart relationship. When the filter element and the tobacco rod are in a substantially abutting relationship, the perforations in the tipping material overlie a substantially air impermeable region of the tobacco rod thereby providing a low or non air diluted cigarette.

Abstract: A cigarette filter as well as a method and apparatus for making it is disclosed. The cigarette filter is rolled in first and second plug paper and then in tip paper. The first plug paper is comparatively thin and has a smooth surface. While the second plug paper is comparatively thick and has a plurality of holes or grooves preliminarily punched on its surface. By adequately rolling the filter in the first and second plug paper, a plurality of air channels are defined on the periphery of the filter so that smoke is inhaled by a smoker as if it is enclosed by air. The smoker can enjoy its light taste without jeopardizing a sense of smoking. The filter is made by a method comprising forming a continuous filter rod by rolling filter material in the first plug paper, rolling the filter rod in the second plug paper having a plurality of holes preliminarily punched and cutting the rod in a predetermined length so that a plurality of channels reaching the suction end are formed on the second plug paper.

Abstract: A filter for a cigarette includes a porous filter rod circumscribed by a substantially non-porous or air impermeable wrapper with selected air permeable areas, and ventilating air grooves embedded in the wrapped filter rod which extend from on end of the filter rod a preselected distance generally longitudinally of the filter rod. Tipping material circumscribes the wrapped filter rod and is formed with perforations therethrough providing a path for ventilating air flow into the grooves and into the body of the filter rod at the selected air permeable areas outside of the grooves. The walls of each of the grooves are formed with preselected perforations therethrough to provide for the flow of air from the grooves into the body of the filter rod. Under certain smoking conditions most, if not all, of the ventilating air in the grooves will flow from the grooves into the smoker's mouth through the open end of the grooves at the mouth end of the filter rod.

Abstract: An insert is interposed between the tobacco containing portion and the filter tip of a cigarette. The insert is formed with a passage connecting the two sections. The passage is surrounded by an annulus with two diametrally opposed orifices between the passage and the orifices. Rings surround the insert over the area of each orifice. The rings fit loosely around the insert. The annulus is covered with perforated paper. In use a smoker who wants a mild taste puffs weakly while if he wants a strong taste he puffs heftily so that the rings close the orifices.

Abstract: A variable dilution cigarette of the type having relatively rotatable filter segments for controlling dilution is provided with stops. Spaced-apart stop elements are provided on one filter segment and a tongue-like engagement element is provided on the other filter segment extending over the first segment between the stop elements. The edges of the engagement element engage the edges of the stop elements to limit rotation.

Abstract: A smoking article mouthpiece element comprises a first portion within which a smoke-passage and a ventilation-duct extends from end-to-end of the portion, a downstream end of the duct being spaced from the periphery of the first portion and the wall and the walls of the duct being gas impervious and a second portion disposed at the end of the first portion being in smoke-flow communication with the smoke passage of the first portion, and gas-impervious wall at the end of said second portion closer to the first portion extending inwardly from a first location at the periphery of the element to a second location at the side of the upstream end of the duct further from the first location, the wall bounding a cavity in communication with the duct and segregated from the interior of the second portion. The first and second portions may form respective parts of an integral unit or may be discrete components disposed in end-to-end abutment. The aforesaid wall is suitably part of the second portion.

Abstract: An adjustable filter cigarette is provided with detents for tactile indication of the degree of adjustment. The detents include a protuberance on the surface of the filter mating with cutouts in the tipping paper, or a protuberance on the inside of the tipping paper mating with depressions on the surface of the filter.

Abstract: A cigarette is provided having a variable shape, including variable length and a bendable longitudinal axis. A flexible corrugated tubing section connects a filter plug to a cigarette rod and provides both the variability of the length and the bendability of the cigarette. The variable shape mechanism can be made to additionally provide variable dilution and variable flavorant.

Abstract: A cigarette is provided having a variable length. A filter or mouthpiece slides within a sleeve attached to the cigarette, or a sleeve attached to the filter or mouthpiece slides over the cigarette. A single band is adhered to one element and a pair of bands is adhered to the other element. The single band is captive between the pair of bands so that the cigarette can be lengthened or shortened within the range allowed by the pair of bands, but the filter or mouthpiece cannot be removed from the cigarette. The variable length mechanism can be made to additionally provide variable dilution or variable flavorant.

Abstract: A variable dilution cigarette is provided having two-layer laminated tipping. Dilution patterns and break lines are formed in the layers before they are laminated. The laminate is applied to a segmented filter such that the dilution pattern of one layer moves relative to that of the other, changing their degree of registry and varying the dilution value of the cigarette, as the filter segments are rotated relative to one another. Because the two dilution patterns can be formed separately, non-linear dilution variation is possible, as well as more nearly constant resistance-to-draw. A method of manufacturing the cigarette is also provided.

Abstract: A tobacco smoke mouthpiece including a smoke impervious plug member having an upstream smoke inlet end and a downstream smoke outlet or mouth end with groove(s) in the periphery of the plug member extending from the inlet end to the mouth end, the plug member being blocked adjacent the inlet end so that the groove(s) forms the path for smoke flow from inlet end to mouth end of the plug member.

Abstract: A cigarette made of cut tobacco rolled in a paper having a refractory layer with a predetermined pattern bonded to or imprinted upon the interior surface of the paper. The pattern is formed outside of rows and columns of what eventually become elongated slots when the paper burns away. The slots are arranged in lengthwise rows and also are arranged in columns. Each row has a slot midpoint which lies midway between slots in each adjacent row.

Abstract: A filter cigarette is provided in which the smoker can select varying levels of one or more flavorants to be added to the smoke stream. A rotatable filter segment having several smoke flow paths, each containing a different flavorant material, cooperates with a baffle to select one or more paths through which the smoke stream will travel.