Abstract: This wet compression invention with a vaporizable fluid mist demonstrates major performance improvements over the relevant art in achieving a high degree of saturation, providing sensible cooling, strongly reducing the temperature increase due to compression work, reducing excess diluent air flow for downstream combustion, reducing compression noise, and increasing the achievable compressor pressure ratio.

Abstract: A system for discharging hydrogen from two or more hydrogen storage vessels (1A, 1B, 1C) containing solid hydrogen storage material. The system includes at least one hydrogen supply line for connecting the hydrogen storage vessels to a hydrogen demand (3), an energy delivery system (6A, 6B, 6C) to provide heat to the hydrogen storage material in each hydrogen storage vessel to desorb hydrogen from the solid hydrogen storage material, and one or more supply connection conduits (4A, 4B, 4C) for connecting the supply line or lines to the hydrogen storage vessels (1A, 1B, 1C). Each supply connection conduit has a backflow prevention device (5A, 5B, 5C) to prevent hydrogen in the supply line from flowing back into the hydrogen storage vessels (1A, 1B, 1C). Also disclosed is a system for delivering a supply of hydrogen to a hydrogen supply line including a control system (7) to determine the timing of activation of an energy delivery system based (6A, 6B, 6C) on the hydrogen demand in the hydrogen supply line.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a multi-stage storage system that includes multiple storage modules that are coupled, with one or more coupled storage modules of the multiple storage modules defining one or more stages of the multi-stage storage system, with fluid concurrently maintained at various temperatures, which depends on fluid position within one or more stages and operational phases of the multi-stage storage system.

Abstract: The invention relates a plant (1) for manufacturing half warm mix asphalts which comprises: a first moveable platform (10) for feeding in a controlled manner some or all of the aggregates of the half warm mix asphalt to a second moveable platform (30), wherein said aggregates are heated; a second moveable platform (30), wherein some or all of the aggregates coming from the first moveable platform (10) are heated in a drying drum (33); a third moveable platform (40), which extracts and filters powder from the aggregates coming from the second mobile platform (30), subsequently feeding it to the fourth moveable platform of the plant; a fourth moveable platform (20), wherein the material coming from the exit of the second moveable platform (30) or arriving directly from the first moveable platform (10) is mixed with a binder, with a filler and with any other materials, the mixed materials being different according to the desired end product, the temperature of the mixed materials being comprised between 70° C.

Abstract: A piezoelectrically driven valve and a piezoelectrically driven fluid control device are provided that may control a fluid even if the temperature of the fluid is higher than an operating temperature range of a piezoelectric actuator. The piezoelectrically driven valve includes a valve element for opening and closing a fluid passage, a piezoelectric actuator for driving the valve element by utilizing extension of a piezoelectric element, and a radiation spacer that lifts and supports the piezoelectric actuator away from the fluid passage, and radiates heat that is transferred from fluid flowing in the fluid passage to the piezoelectric actuator, and preferably further includes a support cylinder that houses and supports both of the piezoelectric actuator and the radiation spacer, wherein the support cylinder is made of a material with the same thermal expansion coefficient as that of the radiation spacer, at least at a portion for housing the radiation spacer.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling the temperature and volume of a liquid entering a basin includes a microprocessor, a comparator, and a database. The system may include a control panel having buttons for establishing temperature and volume levels for water entering a bath. In one embodiment, the user uses a keypad to enter the desired temperature which is sent to a comparator. The system includes a temperature sensor to detect real-time temperature of the water entering a basin. The sensed real-time water temperature may also be sent to a comparator for controlling water control values to cease the inflow of water into the basin. The system also permits the user to store favorite volume settings for later use in filling the basin. In another embodiment the user communicates with the system to remotely establish a desired temperature value and basin volume fill level.

Abstract: Provided are apparatus, systems, and methods for generating a non-plugging hydrate slurry. The apparatus, systems, and methods for generating a hydrate slurry are useful for transport and/or production of wellstream hydrocarbons in subsea and arctic environments. The present invention provides methods of seeded or unseeded methods of making dry hydrates. Dry hydrates are made with or without the aid of chemicals and, preferably, with minimum use of rotating or other energized equipment.

Abstract: The invention relates to a container for fluid operating materials of a motor vehicle, comprising at least one container and a heat-exchanging device outside said container. The heat-exchanging device is formed by two half-shells sitting against the container wall outside said container, said half-shells having an inner wall and an outer wall which between at least one flow channel is formed for a heat-transferring medium.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a chamber where a base concentrate common to at least a first flavored food product and a second flavored food product is formed, the first flavored food product having different flavoring than the second flavored food product, the base concentrate having a first temperature. The apparatus also comprises a process line that receives the base concentrate from the chamber, heated liquid from a heated liquid source, and flavoring from either a first flavor source or a second flavor source to form a mixture of base concentrate, heated liquid and flavoring. The mixture has a has second temperature sufficient to achieve a change in the mixture selected from the group consisting of microbial change, chemical change, biochemical change, and enzymatic change, and combinations thereof. A method is also disclosed for change over from forming a first flavored food product to forming a second flavored food product.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a chamber where a base concentrate common to at least a first flavored food product and a second flavored food product is formed, the first flavored food product having different flavoring than the second flavored food product, the base concentrate having a first temperature. The apparatus also comprises a process line that receives the base concentrate from the chamber, heated liquid from a heated liquid source, and flavoring from either a first flavor source or a second flavor source to form a mixture of base concentrate, heated liquid and flavoring. The mixture has a has second temperature sufficient to achieve a change in the mixture selected from the group consisting of microbial change, chemical change, biochemical change, and enzymatic change, and combinations thereof. A method is also disclosed for change over from forming a first flavored food product to forming a second flavored food product.

Abstract: Methods of, and apparatus for, storing and transporting a hazardous fluid, such as a combustible fuel, include methods and means, respectively, for: (a) treating the fluid to reduce its hazardous condition; (b) storing and/or transporting the treated fluid in such a manner that the risk of its hazardous condition remains reduced; (c) thereafter retreating the fluid to restore it to its original hazardous condition so that the fluid may be used in its restored condition. The hazardous fluid may be treated by adding a substance to, or removing a substance from, the fluid, or by changing the state of the fluid. For example, if the fluid is a fuel, it may be treated by cooling it to near or below its freezing temperature to reduce its combustibility, volatility, explosivity and/or ease of ignition.

Abstract: When a gas containing an amount of water vapor equivalent to that contained in the gas at the desired temperature Td and the desired relative humidity Hd is assumed, and the temperature of the gas when its relative humidity is 100% is defined as an intermediate target temperature Tc, Tc can be calculated from Td and Hd. The gas is mixed with water vapor to increase the temperature of the gas to the intermediate target temperature Tc while increasing the relative humidity of the gas to 100%. The gas heated to the intermediate target temperature Tc is heated to the desired temperature Td while maintaining the amount of water vapor contained therein so as to regulate the relative humidity of the gas to the desired relative humidity Hd. Gas maintained at the desired temperature and the desired humidity can thus be stably supplied.

Abstract: A method and system for delivering iodine gas is presented. The pure iodine gas flow can be at a controlled, known flow rate, and furthermore be held at a positive pressure in relation to a process chamber. In an exemplary embodiment, pure iodine gas is transported without the use of an inert carrier gas. This is facilitated in part by maintaining the iodine gas chamber at a higher pressure than the processing chamber. In one exemplary embodiment, an iodine vessel receives solid iodine supplied by an iodine fill source and is heated to produce pure iodine gas. In addition, a control system monitors and controls the operating conditions in the iodine vessel and maintains a positive pressure in the iodine vessel. The iodine delivery system may include a valve system configured to control the flow of iodine gas through the iodine delivery system and into a process chamber.

Abstract: A micro-turbine engine, consisting of at least a compressor, combustor, and turbine, is a complicated fluid flow device that controls the flow rate and thermodynamic properties of a working fluid in order to generate shaft power. Existing micro-turbines are costly to manufacture because they are designed with sophisticated contours and exotic materials. The present invention discloses a method for designing a micro-turbine with stacked layers of structure, each of which is designed with vertically simple geometry such that it can be manufactured using conventional machining technology. The resulting micro-turbine is low cost compared to existing alternatives in the target range of power outputs and applications. The present invention also describes a method for connecting the micro-turbine to an electrical generator to generate power. Lastly, the method for designing the micro-turbine is applied to heat exchangers, Rankine engines, fluid mixers, and other fluid flow devices.

Abstract: Pumps are disclosed that include a pump housing and at least one movable pumping element situated in the housing. The pumping element(s) are magnetically driven by magnetically coupling an external magnet driver (e.g., a stator) to a driven magnet located in the housing. A control circuit selectively operates the stator and a heat-producing element, so as to energize the heat-producing element especially in a potential freezing condition when the pump is not being otherwise operated. Thus, the fluid in the pump is prevented from freezing, and freeze-related pump damage is avoided. The heat-producing element can be the stator itself energized differently from when the stator is used for driving the pump.

Abstract: A system includes a cooler configured to cool a first gas portion of a compressed gas fuel and discharge a cooled fluid. The cooled fluid comprises a cooled gas portion and a cooled liquid portion. The system also includes a separator configured to separate the cooled fluid into the cooled gas portion and the cooled liquid portion and a mixing tank configured to mix a second gas portion of the compressed gas fuel with the cooled gas portion in direct contact with one another to produce a superheated gas fuel. The superheated gas fuel comprises a degree of superheat above a lower threshold for a combustion system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device (1) for supplying a cleaning liquid for an automobile, characterized in that it includes a liquid distribution member (2) including at least one liquid inlet and at least two liquid outlets, a check valve capable of preventing a liquid flow from each liquid outlet towards each liquid inlet, wherein the device (1) for supplying a cleaning liquid further includes heating means (4) thermally coupled with the liquid distribution member (2).

Abstract: A system for supplying hot and cold water to users in a building, the system comprising: a first mode for supplying water to users; a second mode for preparing to supply water at a desired temperature by recycling water from the hot water pipe into the cold pipe; a faucet having a mixing chamber; a hot water inlet; a cold water inlet; an outlet; and a mechanism for adapting the system to various types of users including humans and appliances

Abstract: A water uptake measurement system for measuring uptake of a fluid by a sample includes a sample chamber, a suspension component and a supply interface. A suspension aperture is located at a first end of the sample chamber and extends from an outer surface of the sample chamber to an inner surface of the sample chamber. The suspension component passes through the suspension aperture and is configured to support the sample within the internal cavity such that the sample is spaced apart from the inner surface of the sample chamber. The supply interface is configured to deliver the fluid to the internal cavity of the sample chamber.

Abstract: A delivery device for a reducing agent includes a metallic housing, at least one externally mounted metal suction pipe and an external pressure port. A metallic base plate, at which at least one pump and ducts are provided, is disposed inside the housing. The suction pipe, the housing, the metallic base plate, and the pump are in heat-conducting contact with each other. An elongate heating element is disposed next to the suction pipe. A tank configuration for a reducing agent and a motor vehicle having a tank configuration, are also provided.

Abstract: The system comprises a valve unit connected to a filtering unit for the selective delivery of cold, hot and mixed sanitary water, respectively either refrigerated or boiling purified water with optional carbonation. The valve unit comprises a base body for housing a first mixer tap, of the cartridge type, which is connected to a first delivery duct of the sanitary water, as well as a second control tap for the purified water, connected to a second delivery duct internal to the previous one. The outlet or each outlet of the purified water of the filtering unit is connected to an inlet of the second control tap, whereas the inlet of the cold water of the filtering unit is directly connected to the inlet of the cold water of the first mixer tap, by means of a branched channel that is provided inside the base body of the valve unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system (30) for continuously producing a liquid product (P) comprising at least two liquid components (k1, k2) that can be pumped, wherein the system comprises two storage tanks (1a, 1b) for each component (k1, k2), two mass-flow control circuits (2a, 2b) for the storage tanks (1a, 1b) for establishing a target mass flow of the component (k1, k2), a first line (9a) into which the components of the liquid product (P) are fed, a second line (9b) for feeding in carbon dioxide, and a filling tank (1c), wherein the first line (9a) feeds the liquid product (P) mixed with carbon dioxide into the filling tank (1c), wherein the storage tanks (1a, 1b) and the filling tank (1c) are designed as pressure vessels and are interconnected by means of at least one pressure equalization line (1) for establishing a pressure equalization between the storage tanks (1a, 1b) and the filling tank (1c).

Abstract: A gas vent valve assembly may be attached or incorporated to a disposable fluid transfer set used with a fluid warmer to administer an infusate to a patient. The gas vent valve assembly has a housing having a fluid inlet, a gas outlet and a fluid outlet. The gas outlet is located at the top of the housing while the fluid outlet is located at the bottom of the housing. Inside the housing is an actuator float that has an upper seal and a lower seal. The dimension of the float relative to the chamber of the housing is such that the float is freely movable within the housing to an upper position whereby its upper seal closes the gas outlet while the fluid outlet is opened, and to a lower position whereby its lower seal closes the fluid outlet and the gas outlet is opened.

Abstract: An anti-coking process is provided for oiling the rubber or plastic waste, and it involves the pyrolysis process that comes with the emission of hot air to be mixed with the high-temperature hot air that is ready to be sent into pyrolysis device. The equipment described includes a return air pipeline being connected to the hot air outlet. Meanwhile, a coking cleaning device is also introduced to remove the coke residual on the pyrolysis device wall in the cracking process. This device consists of a scraper, which, through the role of weights, is able to work with the inside surface of the cracking device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to a device for gassing, wherein a gas mixture of a gassing agent and of a cryogenic liquid is vaporized in that the mixture, which is pressurized in a storage container, is guided through a pressure reducing valve, so that the mixture is vaporized completely and the steam is supplied for gassing goods. According to a first aspect of the instant invention, the temperature of the mixture is maintained in the storage container such that it forms an overcritical fluid. Through this, a distillation of the gassing agent is avoided. According to a second aspect of the instant invention, the vaporized mixture is diffused by adding compressed air and the ratio between mixture and the compressed air is adjusted by means of replaceable screens and/or adjustable pressure reducing valves. Through this, the ratio between the mixture and the compressed air can be varied freely.

Abstract: The present invention provides a film deposition system and method by combining a plurality of gas supplying apparatuses and a deposition apparatus being in communication with the plurality of gas supplying apparatuses. By means of respectively providing different types of vapor precursors with high concentration and high capacity into a process chamber of the deposition apparatus through the plurality of gas supplying apparatus, the deposition reaction is accelerated so as to improve the efficiency of film deposition. In an embodiment of the gas supplying apparatus, it utilizes a first gas for providing high pressure toward on a liquid surface of the precursor, thereby transporting the precursor into an atomizing and heating unit whereby the precursor is atomized and then is heated so as to form a high-concentration and high capacity vapor precursor transported by another carrier gas.

Abstract: An instrumented heater sleeve is provided that has a plurality of zones, a dielectric layer disposed over an outer surface of the sleeve, a resistive element layer disposed over the first dielectric layer, and a plurality of pairs of lead wires secured to a portion of the resistive element layer. Each pair of lead wires is connected to and corresponds with each of the zones and a protective layer is disposed over the dielectric layer. An amount of power is supplied to each of the zones and adjusted during a test run, or multiple test runs, to achieve a desired temperature profile along a heating target such as a hot runner nozzle. Methods of designing a hot runner nozzle heater using the instrumented heater sleeve are also provided.

Abstract: A heater assembly used in connection with a diesel emissions fluid tank in a vehicle, the heater assembly including a first heater connectable to an alternating current power supply; a second heater connectable to a direct current power supply within the vehicle; wherein the first heater is adapted to operate at a higher power than the second heater; wherein the first heater is closer to the tank than the second heater; a temperature sensor in sensing communication with the tank and adapted to provide a tank temperature; a control circuit connected to the second heater and the vehicle power supply, wherein the temperature sensor communicates the tank temperature to the control circuit, wherein the control circuit selectively activates the second heater to obtain a desired tank temperature.

Abstract: Methods of, and apparatus for, storing and transporting a hazardous fluid, such as a combustible fuel, include methods and means, respectively, for: (a) treating the fluid to reduce its hazardous condition; (b) storing and/or transporting the treated fluid in such a manner that the risk of its hazardous condition remains reduced; (c) thereafter retreating the fluid to restore it to its original hazardous condition so that the fluid may be used in its restored condition. The hazardous fluid may be treated by adding a substance to, or removing a substance from, the fluid, or by changing the state of the fluid. For example, if the fluid is a fuel, it may be treated by cooling it to near or below its freezing temperature to reduce its combustibility, volatility, explosivity and/or ease of ignition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multipurpose flow module comprising flow plates and/or heat exchanger plates stacked together, which flow plate having a flow channel and one or more connection ports. To each flow plate or heat exchanger plate one or more barrier plates may be attached. The present invention further relates to a method for extraction, for reaction, for mixing, or combinations thereof in the multipurpose flow module, and to uses of the multipurpose flow module.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a chamber where a base concentrate common to at least a first flavored food product and a second flavored food product is formed, the first flavored food product having different flavoring than the second flavored food product, the base concentrate having a first temperature. The apparatus also comprises a process line that receives the base concentrate from the chamber, heated liquid from a heated liquid source, and flavoring from either a first flavor source or a second flavor source to form a mixture of base concentrate, heated liquid and flavoring. The mixture has a has second temperature sufficient to achieve a change in the mixture selected from the group consisting of microbial change, chemical change, biochemical change, and enzymatic change, and combinations thereof. A method is also disclosed for change over from forming a first flavored food product to forming a second flavored food product.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to a polymer treatment device (100) for providing a treatment to a polymer bed (4) having granules (2) of a polymer that are in a solid- state, a computer-readable medium associated with a controller thereof, and an associated molding system (1000). The polymer treatment device 100 includes a polymer supporter (110) with which to support, in use, the polymer bed (4), a radiant heater (120) with which to heat, in use, the polymer bed (4), a first fluid dispenser (140-1) with which to dispense, in use, a first treatment fluid (102-1), and a first fluid vent (150-1) with which to vent, in use, the first treatment fluid (102-1), along with a diffusate from the polymer bed (4) potentially entrained therewith. Furthermore, the first fluid dispenser (140-1) and the first fluid vent (150-1) are arranged to promote a flow of the first treatment fluid (102-1) through the polymer bed (4) in between the granules (2) thereof.

Abstract: A system for heating fluid lines to prevent freezing and ice build up. Heated fluid lines are utilized within the pipeline to achieve improved thermal transfer.

Abstract: The invention provides an extrusion material supply device suitable for use in melt extrusion molding, and a method for manufacturing an optical transmission body, in which a deterioration of an optical signal transmission loss is extremely small, and productivity intrinsic to an extrusion molding method is provided in combination. An extrusion material supply device 1 includes: a vertical hopper 2, which has a cooling unit 3 and a heat melting unit 4 continuous with a lower portion thereof, and houses a material rod R; cooling means 5 for cooling the cooling unit 3; an electric heater 6 that heats the heat melting unit 4; and gas pressurizing means 7 for sequentially supplying molten plastics M to a metal die by a gas pressure. The heat melting unit 4 is formed into a cylinder shape in which an inner diameter is larger than an inner diameter of the cooling unit 3 arranged above, and enables the molten plastics M to spread in the heat melting unit 4.

Abstract: A flow controller assembly for microfluidic applications includes at least one microfluidic flow controller, which includes a microfluidic chip, a thermal energy transmitter, a flow sensor for measuring the flow rate of a fluid running through the flow controller and a data control unit. The data control unit, which is connected to the flow sensor by a first data connection which allows the data control unit to receive flow rate measurement data from the flow sensor, and which is also connected to the thermal energy transmitter by a second data connection allows the data control unit to influence the thermal output of the thermal energy transmitter, includes a data processing unit that determines the difference between the measured flow rate and a preset desired flow rate and to regulate the thermal output of the thermal energy transmitter in order to obtain or maintain the desired flow rate.

Abstract: A faucet assembly includes a faucet body, a pipe unit and a control unit. The pipe unit is disposed outside the faucet body. The pipe unit uses an inlet pipe, a junction pipe and an outlet pipe to complete the pipe configuration of the faucet body. It is easy to manufacture the faucet of the present invention. To assemble the faucet of the present invention, the user can connect the relative pipes with ease.

Abstract: A valve operating device defined by the following features: a slider supported in axially displaceable manner in a housing and linked by an actuation segment to the valve, a first biasing spring configured in the housing and pre-stressing the slider against a first stop, an expansible element configured in the housing and being displaceably supported in approximately coaxial manner relative to the slider between a second and a third stop, a second biasing spring acting on the expansible element and pre-stressing the element against the second stop, the configuration allowing cooperation between the expansible element's drive pin and the slider, a heater associated to the expansible element, a heat dissipating element associated with the expansible element and cooling the expansible element when latter rests against the third stop, the force exerted by the first biasing spring being larger than that of the second biasing spring.

Abstract: A cartridge heater is accommodated in a heater bore in a shaft connected to a valve element, and a heating portion provided at an end portion of the cartridge heater is located at a joint portion of the shaft and the valve element. At the joint portion, a heat receiving groove and a pressurizing portion communicating with the heater bore are provided at a position between a surface of the valve element and that of the shaft located so as to oppose and to contact each other. The heat receiving groove includes an arcuate groove portion of the same radius as that of the heating portion of the cartridge heater, and the heating portion is pressed by the pressurizing portion to enter into plane-to-plane contact with an inner circumferential surface of the arcuate groove portion of the heat receiving groove, upon fastening the valve element and the shaft to each other with a bolt, with the heating portion located between the heat receiving groove and the pressurizing portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydronic heating/cooling system. In the system, liquid is led along a main supply pipe (1) to a supply manifold (2) and distributed in the manifold into heating loops (3). The heating loops (3) return to return manifold (4). At least one of the manifolds (2, 4) has actuators (6) for controlling the flow in the heating loops (3). At least one loop is designated to be a bypass loop. The actuators (6) in the loops (3) are monitored and it is ensured that the actuator (6) of the bypass loop is open if all the other actuators (6) are closed.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of using effluent from a wastewater treatment plant are provided, where treated wastewater can exploit geothermal energy while delivering usable thermal energy to buildings by passing through an effluent distribution system including mains. The effluent distribution system mains can also recover the effluent used in each building and return the thermally exploited effluent to one or more ecological recharge basins, where at each basin the mains can join an infrastructure to distribute effluent to vegetation or exploit geothermal energy throughout the basin before redistributing the geothermally regulated effluent to buildings, or export the effluent to a network of EDS, or import effluent from a network of EDS.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved gas injectors for use with chemical vapour deposition (CVD) systems that thermalize gases prior to injection into a CVD chamber. The provided injectors are configured to increase gas flow times through heated zones and include gas-conducting conduits that lengthen gas residency times in the heated zones. The provided injectors also have outlet ports sized, shaped, and arranged to inject gases in selected flow patterns. The invention also provides CVD systems using the provided thermalizing gas injectors. The present invention has particular application to high volume manufacturing of GaN substrates.

Abstract: A temperature controller includes: a closed first circulation circuit having a fluid cooler; a closed second circulation circuit having a halogen lamp heater as a fluid heater and feeding a thermal fluid heated by the halogen lamp heater to a vacuum chamber as an object to be temperature-controlled; a feed path that feeds the thermal fluid from the first circulation circuit to the second circulation circuit; and a discharge path that discharges the thermal fluid from the second circulation circuit and returns the thermal fluid to the first circulation circuit. A flow-rate control valve that adjusts and controls a feed flow-rate of the thermal fluid from the first circulation circuit is provided in the feed path. A pressure control valve that compensates a pressure of the thermal fluid at a predetermined pressure level or less is provided in the discharge path.

Abstract: Apparatus for the delivery of a gas to a chamber and methods of use thereof are provided herein. In some embodiments, a gas distribution system for a process chamber may include a body having a first surface configured to couple the body to an interior surface of a process chamber, the body having a opening disposed through the body; a flange disposed proximate a first end of the opening opposite the first surface of the body, the flange extending inwardly into the opening and configured to support a window thereon; and a plurality of gas distribution channels disposed within the body and fluidly coupling a channel disposed within the body and around the opening to a plurality of holes disposed in the flange, wherein the plurality of holes are disposed radially about the flange.

Abstract: In various embodiments, energy is stored or recovered via super-atmospheric compression and/or expansion of gas in conjunction with substantially adiabatic compression and/or expansion from or to atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: An exhaust system suitable for high volume exhaust from flexible disposable bags is described that prevents nutrient media volume loss and prevents cross-contamination without using any filters. The invention described here allows the use of disposable two-dimensional bioreactors for the cultivation of bacterial and other organisms and cells require high aeration.

Abstract: A hydronic system for heating and/or cooling fluid feed additives passing through a delivery line is disclosed. The system includes a hydronic heating system which will heat fluid passing through a closed loop radiant line which is closely positioned adjacent a portion of the delivery line extending between the fluid delivery system and the target destination. The system also includes a cooling system which will cool the fluid circulating through the radiant line to cool the delivery line and the fluid feed additive therein. The system of this invention prevents the fluid feed additive from freezing during the cold months and cools the same during warm months.

Abstract: A storage hot water supplying apparatus which efficiently operates with largely increased available heat in a water storage tank is provided. The storage hot water supplying apparatus (1) provides heated water to a load circuit (300) through which users uses water, and includes: a water storage tank (210) which stores water and has outlets for water to be heated (231 to 233) at different heights, an outlet selecting unit (430) to select, from among the outlets (231 to 233), an outlet to take out the water, based on a provision temperature which is a temperature of water to be provided from the water storage tank (210) to the load circuit (300) and temperatures of the water to be taken out through the outlets (231 to 233); and a heating unit (100) to heat the water taken out through the selected outlet and to be returned to the water storage tank (210).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for depositing a film on a substrate includes introducing a material and a carrier gas into a heated chamber. The material may be a semiconductor material, such as a cadmium chalcogenide. A resulting mixture of vapor and carrier gas containing no unvaporized material is provided. The mixture of vapor and carrier gas are remixed to achieve a uniform vapor/carrier gas composition, which is directed toward a surface of a substrate, such as a glass substrate, where the vapor is deposited as a uniform film.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for depositing a film on a substrate includes introducing a material and a carrier gas into a heated chamber. The material may be a semiconductor material, such as a cadmium chalcogenide. A resulting mixture of vapor and carrier gas containing no unvaporized material is provided. The mixture of vapor and carrier gas are remixed to achieve a uniform vapor/carrier gas composition, which is directed toward a surface of a substrate, such as a glass substrate, where the vapor is deposited as a uniform film.

Abstract: A plumbing system operable to automatically introduce antifreeze into the hot and cold water systems responsive to a signal from a controller. The controller activates the system automatically at a predetermined ambient temperature. The system can also be reconfigured manually.