Abstract: Fluid flow valve assembly comprising a valve body having an external port and an inlet end having at least a first port, a second port, and a third port; a first valve disposed within the valve body and adapted to control fluid flow between the first and second ports; and a second valve disposed within the valve body and adapted to control fluid flow between the third port and the external port.

Abstract: A micro fluidic device is provided, the micro fluidic device including: at least one first introduction pipe into which first fluid is introduced; at least one second introduction pipe into which second fluid is introduced, the second introduction pipe being disposed adjacent to the first introduction pipe; a common channel connected to the first introduction pipe and the second introduction pipe, wherein in the common channel the first fluid and the second fluid are mixed; and a first group of rectification parts, the rectification parts of the first group being provided individually for the first introduction pipe or the second introduction pipe and generating a helical flow in the first fluid and the second fluid, wherein the helical flow in the first fluid and the helical flow in the second fluid have a same circumferential direction.

Abstract: A mixing valve (10) includes a valve body (12) having a hot fluid inlet (14), a cold fluid inlet (16), a mixed fluid outlet (18), and a cavity (20) in the valve body (12) between the inlets (14, 16) and the outlet (18). Mixing valve (10) includes a liner (30, 130, 230, 430, 530, 630, 730, 830) positioned in valve body (12) and a valve member (40, 140, 240, 340, 440, 540, 640, 740, 840) movable therein between a first position restricting the flow of hot fluid and a second position. Liner (30, 130, 230, 430, 530, 630, 730, 830) includes a downstream valve seat (74, 174, 274, 474, 574, 674, 774) that, when engaged by valve member (40, 140, 240, 340, 440, 540, 640, 740, 840), restricts flow of hot fluid past valve member (40, 140, 240, 340, 440, 540, 640, 740, 840).

Abstract: Apparatus for adding liquid fertilizer to a water line of a sprinkler system includes a mechanical injector device powered by a paddle wheel turned by water flowing through the water line. As the paddle wheel is turned, liquid fertilizer can be advantageously mixed with the irrigation water or other fluid. The fertilizer reservoir can be positioned on the upper portion of the injector apparatus and can include an inlet connection and a button used to hydraulically prime the system. The fertilizer may be fed into the reservoir via tubing from a separately contained fertilizer source. In some embodiments, an inlet nozzle may increase the inlet velocity of the water, thereby permitting the paddle wheel to operate over a greater flow rate range. The tubing or other conduit can be connected to the fertilizer source container via a quick-connect fitting.

Abstract: Process and equipment for rapid and reliable infusion of treatment substances into a liquid mainstream. The equipment includes diversion of some of the liquid, boosting its pressure into an aspirating injector, which adds treatment substance and in turn discharges to a pair of opposed nozzles that inject the diversion stream with treatment substances back into the mainstream flow.

Abstract: A coke oven offtake piping system including a pipe assembly for conveying coke oven gases from a coke oven to a collecting main, at least one spraying nozzle in pipe assembly, and a discharge section with a discharge pipe having a discharge orifice, where a gate member cooperates with the discharge orifice and is movable along the discharge orifice in order to present a closing surface to the extremity thereof, whereby the opening area of said discharge orifice can be varied for controlling the flow rate to the collecting main.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for feeding a chemical into a liquid flow are especially suited for use with a headbox of a paper machine, particularly for feeding a retention aid into a fiber suspension flow going to the headbox so that in a mixing apparatus feed liquid is added into the retention chemical solution, prior to introducing the solution into the fiber suspension flow guided to the paper machine. The feed liquid is preferably a circulation water from the paper mill, or another non-clean liquid from a paper mill.

Abstract: An aerator fitting for coupling waste source piping to a single stack drainage system includes a stack inlet and a stack outlet spaced along a central axis from the stack inlet. An offset chamber fluidly coupling the stack inlet and the stack outlet is offset from the central axis in a direction along an offset axis perpendicular to the central axis. A waste inlet in fluid communication with the stack outlet opens in a direction angled relative to the offset axis. A baffle defines a surface inline with the stack outlet angled toward the waste inlet.

Abstract: A start-up system mixing element including; a body defining a cavity, a first inlet port disposed in the body and configured to provide a first fluid to the cavity, a second inlet port disposed in the body and configured to provide a second fluid to the cavity, an outlet port disposed in the body and configured to remove the first and second fluids from the cavity and an internal distribution pipe disposed in the first inlet port, wherein the internal distribution pipe is configured to provide the first fluid to the cavity via a plurality of holes directed toward a center of the cavity.

Abstract: A thermostatic mixing valve for hot and cold water has two-stage inlet chambers for the hot and cold water flows respectively. The inlet chambers distribute the flows uniformly with respect to porting for admitting the flows to the mixing chamber to reduce asymmetric flow patterns and promote thorough mixing of the flows within the mixing chamber.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for the mixing of two microfluidic channels wherein several wells are oriented diagonally across the width of a mixing channel. The device effectively mixes the confluent streams with electrokinetic flow, and to a lesser degree, with pressure driven flow. The device and method may be further adapted to split a pair of confluent streams into two or more streams of equal or non-equal concentrations of reactants. Further, under electrokinetic flow, the surfaces of said wells may be specially coated so that the differing electroosmotic mobility between the surfaces of the wells and the surfaces of the channel may increase the mixing efficiency. The device and method are applicable to the steady state mixing as well as the dynamic application of mixing a plug of reagent with a confluent stream.

Abstract: A microchip for forming an emulsion has a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate and a silicon substrate. The silicon substrate has formed therein a first fluid flow path through which a first fluid flows and a second fluid flow path through which a second fluid that is not mixed with the first fluid flows. The first fluid flow path has a plurality of branched flow paths that join at a joint portion. The second fluid flow path communicates with the joint portion. The silicon substrate has formed therein an emulsion formation flow path that faces an edge portion of the second fluid flow path at the joint portion. An emulsion composed of the first fluid and the second fluid that is surrounded by the first fluid is formed in the emulsion formation flow path.

Abstract: To prevent photo-activation of a photopolymerization catalyst in pastes of an adhesive for a dental bracket in a mixing tip and to enable a dentist to visually confirm the pastes, a mixing tip includes a housing (2) having a mixing element (1), a paste guiding member (3) fixed to the housing (2), and a locking member fixed or integrally formed on the paste guiding member (3) or the housing (2), the guiding member includes paste inlets (3a) and flow path parts (3b), the locking member has a pawl part locked with a locking hole of the syringe holder and a projection part inserted to a hole part of the syringe holder, or has two pawl parts locked with two locking holes, and the housing (2) and the paste guiding member (3) are made of a colored plastic material only transmitting light except light having the photo-activating wavelength.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for injecting two-phase (gas+solid) carbon dioxide into a gas stream. Liquid carbon dioxide is cryogenically expanded into two-phase carbon dioxide, which is then injected into the center of the stream. An inerting gas is also injected into the stream along with the two-phase carbon dioxide.

Abstract: A plurality of pump cassettes are connected through distribution tubing to a single inlet tube such that the inlet tube is shared by the pump cassettes through the distribution tubing. The plurality of pump cassettes may be symmetrically attached to the distribution tubing. A four-port coupling may be inserted in the distribution tubing for making connection to the inlet tube and a middle one of the pump cassettes when the number of cassettes is an odd number.

Abstract: A new valve is designed for the transport of solids using a motive fluid. The valve includes an inlet conduit for carrying solids, where the solids are fed through gravity. The solids are carried by fluid transport out an outlet where the outlet conduit has a smaller diameter than the inlet conduit carrying the solids. The conduit should be sufficiently smaller to prevent instability in the flow. A second inlet provides the source of motive fluid to drive the transport of solids.

Abstract: A fluidic device, the fluidic device comprising a planar fluidic conduit for conducting a fluid, wherein the fluidic conduit has a plurality of fluidic disturbance features located along at least a section of the fluidic conduit for disturbing a laminar flow of the fluid along the section.

Abstract: A connector comprising a needless access device and a backflow check valve for transferring fluids and method therefor. The connector may have a first port, a second port, and a third port. A first valve element may be positioned within the first port and a second valve element may be positioned within the second port. The first valve element may be in a first position as a first fluid flows between the first and third ports. The second port may be used to introduce a second fluid into the connector. Upon introduction of the second fluid to the connector, the first valve element may move from the first position to a second position. In the second position, fluid may be prevented from flowing past the first valve element.

Abstract: A device for mixing at least one first fluid and one second fluid in a micro-flow system, comprising at least two flow restrictors, a first transfer conduit in fluid communication the first og said fluids and a recipient, at least one second transfer conduit in fluid communication with the second of said fluids, the second transfer conduit having at least two fluid outlets in fluid communication with said first transfer conduit, where each of said outlets of said second transfer conduit is downstream and in fluid communication with the outlet of one of said flow restrictors, and wherein the flow restrictors are bubble-tolerant, being formed to prevent fragmentation of bubbles entering the flow restrictor, into a bubble train consuming the pressure difference between the source and the recipient. Pumping means may be attached to the flow system, possibly being constant-pressure pumps of the kind, where elastomer bladders squeeze a fluid into the channels.

Abstract: A system for effecting the pretreatment therewith of a sorbent comprising a conveying line (105), such as a pipe, and a plurality of solution nozzles operative for purposes of introducing a solution to treat the sorbent. More particularly, the conveying line (105) includes an inlet (107), an outlet (109), and an inner surface (105a) that is operative to define a passageway (190) through which sorbent particles are capable of being transported between the inlet (107) of the conveying line (105) and the outlet (109) of the conveying line (105).

Abstract: An irrigation device for introducing chemical into irrigation water, the irrigation device whereby a first stream of water flows from an input pipe connector, through a first container, through the gear-driven motor mounted in the first container, through a first pipe into a second container while the gear-driven motor rotates the second container; and a second stream of water flowing from the first container, through a second pipe into a third container containing the chemical, and through the a third pipe into the second container while the second container is moving.

Abstract: A process for producing a fluorine gas of the invention comprises a step (1) of generating a fluorine gas by sectioning the interior of a fluorine gas generation container equipped with a heating means, by the use of a structure having gas permeability, then filling each section with a high-valence metal fluoride and heating the high-valence metal fluoride. The process may comprise a step (2) of allowing the high-valence metal fluoride, from which a fluorine gas has been generated in the step (1), to occlude a fluorine gas. According to the process of the invention, a high-purity fluorine gas that is employable as an etching gas or a cleaning gas in the process for manufacturing semiconductors or liquid crystals can be produced inexpensively on a mass scale.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device (30) for mixing fresh air (2) and heating air (4) which comprises a fresh air inlet (32, 42), a heating air supply body (33, 43) for supplying the heating air (4) into the device (30, 40), and a mixed air outlet (36, 46) for delivering mixed fresh air and heating air (6) from the device (30, 40), wherein the heating air supply body (33, 43) comprises a first portion (35, 45) and a second portion (37, 47) which constitute a flow resistance to the fresh air (2), and wherein the second portion (37, 47) is formed as a closed hollow body with a plurality of heating air supply openings (38, 48) and is connected to the first portion (35, 45) at its downstream end, viewed in the flow direction of the heating air. The invention is characterised in that the first portion (35, 45) of the heating air supply body (33, 43) is of streamlined formation. The invention also relates to the use of a device of this kind in a ventilation system installed on board of an aircraft.

Abstract: A fluid controlling method includes, sending an inner fluid, and sending an outer fluid coaxially with the inner fluid, wherein one of the inner fluid and the outer fluid includes a corkscrew flow that flows spirally, and wherein the inner fluid and the outer fluid are in contact with each other.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an apparatus and method for delivering one or more fluids to a microfluidic channel is provided. A microfluidic channel is provided in communication with a first conduit for delivering fluids to the microfluidic channel. Further, the apparatus and method can include a first fluid freeze valve connected to the first conduit and operable to reduce the temperature of the first conduit for freezing fluid in the first conduit such that fluid is prevented from advancing through the first conduit.

Abstract: A chemical processing system includes a mixing chamber coupled to the chemical processing system. A stream of first process gas and a stream of second process gas are introduced into the mixing chamber. The stream of first process gas and the stream of second process gas interact with each other to form a mixed process gas, which is supplied to the substrate for processing thereof. A method of mixing process gas in a mixing chamber of a chemical processing system is provided. The method includes injecting a stream of first process gas and a stream of second process gas into the mixing chamber, causing the streams of the first process gas and the second process gas to interact and mixing the first process gas and the second process gas in the mixing chamber to form a mixed process gas. A mixing system is also provided.

Abstract: A gas mixing system for a semiconductor wafer processing chamber is described. The mixing system may include a gas mixing chamber concentrically aligned with a gas transport tube that extends to a blocker plate. The gas mixing chamber and the transport tube are separated by a porous barrier that increases a duration of gas mixing in the gas mixing chamber before processes gases migrate into the transport tube. The system may also include a gas mixing insert having a top section with a first diameter and a second section with a second diameter smaller than the first diameter and concentrically aligned with the top section. The processes gases enter the top section of the insert and follow channels through the second section that cause the gases to mix and swirl in the gas mixing chamber. The second section extends into the gas mixing chamber while still leaving space for the mixing and swirling around the sidewalls and bottom of the mixing chamber.

Abstract: A device or system includes a mixer comprising a three-dimensional lattice defining a plurality of tortuous, interconnecting passages therethrough. The mixer is in communication with sources or streams of at least two separate components which, when mixed, form a combined fluid stream. The sources or streams may be, at least initially, on opposite sides of the mixer, or the sources or streams may be on the upstream side of the mixer with an outlet disposed downstream of the mixer. A related method may include providing a mixer comprising a three-dimensional lattice defining a plurality of tortuous, interconnecting passages therethrough, and selecting a material for the mixer based on physical characteristics of said material, said characteristics including a selected one or more of mean flow pore size, thickness and porosity volume.

Abstract: A plumbing fixture is provided that comprises substantially a housing, which has connections for a cold and hot water supply and an outlet for mixed water, and a water conduit module, which has a preformed hollow section and at least one inlet for cold, hot, or mixed water. The housing can be connected as a single piece and the water conduit module sealingly with the housing.

Abstract: In a first aspect, an apparatus for chemical delivery to a scrubber is provided. The apparatus comprises: a liquid delivery module comprising: a first input adapted to receive a first input flow of a dilutant; a second input adapted to receive a second input flow of a chemistry; one or more flow couplers coupled to the first input and the second input, and adapted to combine the first input flow and the second input flow into a combined flow; a mixing element coupled to the one or more flow couplers, and adapted to mix the combined flow such that a homogeneity of the combined flow is increased; a flow splitter coupled to the mixing element and adapted to generate at least a first output flow and a second output flow from the combined flow; a first output coupled to the flow splitter and adapted to direct the first output flow toward a first scrubber dispensing element; and a second output coupled to the flow splitter and adapted to direct the second output flow toward a second scrubber dispensing element.

Abstract: A blending pump assembly for accurately maintaining the proper ratio of two fluid components. Flow of a first fluid is utilized to drive a fluid motor, which in turn drives a pumping mechanism to inject a proportional amount of a second fluid into the flow of the first fluid. The fluid motor and pump are sized so that a predetermined ratio between the two fluids is maintained regardless of changes in pressure and flow rate of such first fluid.

Abstract: A portable disinfectant transfer system for transferring a toxic and/or noxious fluid between a container and a reprocessor reservoir includes a container for containing the fluid, a pump having a conduit for drawing the fluid from the reservoir and expelling the fluid through an opening of the conduit into the container and an opening in the container for receiving a neutralizing chemical into the container simultaneously with the expelling of the fluid from the reservoir into the container to provide a simultaneously introduced neutralizing chemical. The opening of the conduit is positioned to produce a swirling motion of the fluid within the container to mix the simultaneously introduced neutralizing chemical with the fluid while the fluid is expelled into the container. A further pump having a further conduit is provided for drawing the fluid out of the container.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for dispensing a user-defined quantity of one or more liquids for use in a cementitious mixture. The method includes moving a liquid from a liquid supply to a manifold; moving the liquid from the manifold to a flow meter; measuring the liquid while it moves through the flow meter; moving the liquid to a cementitious mixture; repeating these steps for any additional liquids; flushing any remaining liquid from the manifold with a purgative fluid; and moving purgative fluid and flushed liquid to the cementitious mixture.

Abstract: An apparatus for the biological treatment of saltwater-based domestic wastewater, the apparatus having an inlet for the introduction of the saltwater-based domestic wastewater, an outlet for the removal of treated wastewater, means for monitoring the salinity level of the saltwater-based domestic wastewater entering or within the apparatus and means for controlling the salinity level of the saltwater-based domestic wastewater entering or within the apparatus such that fluctuations in the salinity level of the saltwater-based domestic wastewater are reduced and the biological treatment of the saltwater-based domestic wastewater is thereby maintained.

Abstract: A chemical fluid handling system is defined to supply a number of chemicals to a number of fluid inputs of a mixing manifold. The chemical fluid handling system includes a number of fluid recirculation loops for separately pre-conditioning and controlling the supply of each of the number of chemicals. Each of the fluid recirculation loops is defined to degas, heat, and filter a particular one of the number of chemical components. The mixing manifold is defined to mix the number of chemicals to form the electroless plating solution. The mixing manifold includes a fluid output connected to a supply line. The supply line is connected to supply the electroless plating solution to a fluid bowl within an electroless plating chamber.

Abstract: A water supply valve cartridge in which a flow rate control rotary disk has a reduced size, so that surface friction between the flow rate control rotary disk and a flow rate control fixed disk is minimized, thus improving manipulation efficiency of the water supply valve while opening or closing the valve, and which does not sensitively respond to flatness allowance due to the reduced size of the rotary disk, thus executing stable opening and closing operation. The flow rate control fixed disk (140) has water discharge holes (142). The flow rate control rotary disk (150) has a diameter to cover only the area around the water discharge holes (142), with a pair of flow rate control grooves (151) formed on the rotary disk (150) to open only the water discharge holes (142) during rotation.

Abstract: A reactor (1) for carrying out a reaction between two fluid starting materials (2, 3) over a catalyst bed (4) with premixing of the fluid starting materials (2, 3) before introduction into the catalyst bed within a delay time of less than 150 ms in a mixing-in device (5), wherein the mixing-in device (5) is made up of the following elements which are arranged essentially transverse to the inflow direction of the first fluid starting material stream (2): two or three rows arranged behind one another of tubes (6) which have turbulence generators on the outside and constrict the flow cross section for the first fluid starting material stream (2) to from ½ to 1/10, with the second fluid starting material stream (3) being passed through the interiors of the tubes (6) and injected via openings (7) in the tubes (6) into the first fluid starting material stream (2), and a perforated plate (10) upstream of the tubes (6) and a perforated plate (11) downstream of the tubes (6), is proposed.

Abstract: An apparatus and process are disclosed for enhance mixing of a first fluid and an injected fluid. A turbulence edge (18) is formed on an element associated with an injection lance. The turbulence edge can be an edge (18a) of a square tubing lance (16), an angle (24) added to a circular tubing lance (10) or a clip (26) added to the circular tubing lance (10).

Abstract: A flow blender device that includes a plurality of input flow conduits and a single output flow conduit. A variable sized orifice is positioned along at least one of the conduits for metering and controlling fluid flowing through the flow blender device. The variable sized orifice can be positioned along any of the input or output flow conduits. The flow blender device can use differential pressure measurements across the variable sized orifices to determine fluid flow rates in the flow blender device.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to techniques for processing multiple fluid product streams. The techniques employ multiple intensifier pump systems in combination with a fluid processing device to mix, react or otherwise combine multiple fluid product streams. The intensifier pump systems produce fluid product streams with substantially uniform pressure levels for introduction into the fluid processing device. The fluid processing device directs the multiple fluid product streams at one another via opposing flow paths, providing a dispersed phase. The intensifier pump systems include supply pumps that deliver separate fluid products at intermediate pressure levels. Charge intensifier pumps receive the separate fluid products and apply hydraulic intensification to expel the products at high pressure levels. Product intensifier pumps receive the intensified fluid products and expel them at high pressures.

Abstract: Interaction between two different species of particle(s) in a fluid stream is promoted by generating turbulent eddies in a fluid stream. The turbulent eddies are designed to be of such size and/or intensity that the different sized particle(s) are entrained into the eddies to significantly different extents and forced to follow different trajectories, increasing the likelihood of collisions and interactions. Optimum collision rates will occur for a system which maintains a Stokes Number much less than 1 for one sized particle, and or order 1 or greater for the other sized particle. The invention has particular application in air pollution control, whereby agglomeration of fine particles into larger particles is promoted, subsequent to their removal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for supplying at least one process gas, with independently set temperature and mass flow, in an input line of a test bed for fuel cells or fuel cell components, such as reformer, catalytic converter, etc. At least two dynamically controlled gas injectors are provided for each process gas, which are connected to feeder lines for two partial streams each at defined but different temperature levels, and which open into the input line for the process gas.

Abstract: A microchannel device includes; a microchannel that forms two or more different fluids as a multiphase flow, and a section shape of the multiphase flow having in at least one portion a first shape in which plural polygons are two-dimensionally arranged, and adjacent to one another, a second shape in which a polygon is inscribed in one of a circle and an ellipse, or circumscribes one of a circle and an ellipse, or a third shape in which at least plural circles and polygons are two-dimensionally arranged, and adjacent to one another.

Abstract: A thermal mixer reduces the temperature of flue gas supplied to a fabric filter. Two spray dry absorbers are operable to cool flue gas. A housing of the mixer has first and second inlet passages for gas from the absorbers, an outlet passage for gas to the fabric filter, and a mixing passage. A set of damper vanes extends in the mixing passage and has a mixing position for mixing the flue gases from the inlet passages to supply mixed gas to the outlet passage at relatively high pressure drop but lower temperature if one of the absorbers in not operating. They have a non-mixing position for passage of gases without mixing and at low pressure drop when both absorbers are operating. The invention can also be used to improve mixing of combined gas streams initially having different chemical compositions or amounts of particle loading.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of reducing drag in a fluid stream. The method includes admixing the components of a drag reducer to form an incipient drag reducer and injecting the incipient drag reducer into the fluid stream wherein the drag reducer components are admixed at the site of the fluid stream.

Abstract: A thermal mixer reduces the temperature of flue gas supplied to a fabric filter. Two spray dry absorbers are operable to cool flue gas. A housing of the mixer has first and second inlet passages for gas from the absorbers, an outlet passage for gas to the fabric filter, and a mixing passage. A set of damper vanes extends in the mixing passage and has a mixing position for mixing the flue gases from the inlet passages to supply mixed gas to the outlet passage at relatively high pressure drop but lower temperature if one of the absorbers in not operating. They have a non-mixing position for passage of gases without mixing and at low pressure drop when both absorbers are operating. The invention can also be used to improve mixing of combined gas streams initially having different chemical compositions or amounts of particle loading.

Abstract: A system conveys two gases separately until controlled delivery and gas mixing are desired. The device maintains separation between the two gases with sealed, high temperature materials, and a geometry that contains gas flow channels that do not allow gas mixing. The present design provides a seal at the interfaces between components. An outer ring and an inner spool are assembled together to form a single component that accommodates the input of two, initially separate gases, and then contains and conveys the two gases separately to an exit surface where outlet holes allow the two gases to mix and react in a controlled manner upon exiting the component. The inlet holes for both gases are located on one side of the spool. The exit holes are formed in a centralized, alternating, completely interspersed array or grid-like pattern on the opposite surface of the spool.

Abstract: A fluid mixing unit insertable along conveyance and/or distribution lines, particularly for mixing diagnostic or medical fluids or the like along biomedical lines, comprising a body that is internally hollow and is provided with at least one pair of intake ports for introducing two fluids to be mixed, which are associable with respective feeder devices, and a discharge port for discharging the mixture of the two fluids, which is associable with an outflow device, and a duct for the flow and mixing of the two fluids that is formed in the body and is connected to the intake ports and to the discharge port.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for mixing chemicals in a single wafer process. According to the present invention a chemical is fed into a valve system having a tube of a known volume. The chemical is fed into the valve system to fill the tube with a chemical to generate a measured amount of the chemical. The measured amount of chemical is then used in a single wafer process.

Abstract: A novel electrokinetic instability (EKI) micromixer and method takes advantage of the EKI to effect active rapid stirring of confluent microstreams of biomolecules without moving parts or complex microfabrication processes. The EKI is induced using an alternating current (A/C) electric field. Within seconds, the randomly fluctuating, three-dimensional velocity field created by the EKI rapidly and effectively stirs an initially heterogeneous solution and generates a homogeneous solution that is useful in a variety of biochemical and bioanalytical systems. Microfabricated on a glass substrate, the inventive EKI micromixer can be easily and advantageously integrated in molecular diagnostics apparatuses and systems, such as a chip-based “Lab-on-a-Chip” microfluidic device.