Abstract: A continuous casting apparatus includes a continuous casting mold, a guide downstream of the mold for guiding a continuously cast strand issuing from the mold, and a drive unit for drawing the strand out of the mold and through the guide. The drive unit is connected with a computer programmed to reciprocate the strand in the guide and the mold in the event of an interruption in the supply of molten material to the mold.

Abstract: An oscillator for a continuous casting mold includes a rotatable drive shaft having first and second portions which are eccentric with respect to one another. A sleeve for inducing oscillatory motion of the mold rotatably surrounds the second shaft portion and is eccentric with reference to the latter as well as the first shaft portion. The sleeve is coupled to the housing of a gear reducer having a gear assembly which is rotatable relative to the housing and is coupled to the drive shaft for rotation therewith. The housing is, in turn, connected with the casing of a motor having an output shaft which is rotatable relative to the casing and is coupled to the gear assembly. This motor constitutes an auxiliary motor which is operable independently of a primary motor for the drive shaft. During normal operation, the auxiliary motor is deactivated and the sleeve, gear reducer and auxiliary motor all rotate with the drive shaft as this induces reciprocation of the mold through the agency of the sleeve.

Abstract: To reduce the cost of the mold, the mold of a continuous casting machine has no frame and the machine comprises an oscillating table constituted by a rectangular frame having large sides and small sides defining an opening, a mold carried by the oscillating table in this opening and comprised of two opposing large plates and two opposing small plates held tightly between the large plates. Supports for the small plates are integral with devices for adjusting the position of the small plates and jacks are provided for exerting a pressing force upon the large plates for pressing them tightly against the small plates. The large plates, the position adjusting devices and the jacks for exerting the pressing force are mounted on the oscillating table.

Abstract: To increase the effective acoustic capacity and to enable the mold side walls to be conventionally designed, a continuous casting plant comprising a stationary supporting structure and a continuous casting mold supported on the structure has its ultrasonic transducers fastened at one end to the stationary supporting structure and at the other end to the continuous casting mold.

Abstract: A mold-oscillating apparatus in a continuous casting assembly which includes a mold table, a base frame, first and second driven eccentric shafts, a drive mechanism connected to each of the first and second shafts, first and second stationary bearing housings connected to the base frame and within which the first and second shafts are respectively mounted, first and second moving bearing housings connected to the mold table and within which the first and second shafts are respectively mounted and a connecting beam interconnecting the mold table with the first and second moving bearing housings wherein the mold table is oscillated via the connecting beam upon rotation of the first and second shafts by the drive mechanism.

Abstract: A mold tube supported in but spaced from a mold housing is vibrated by at least one vibrator connected to the mold tube through a keeper plate.

Abstract: A vibrating ingot mold for the continuous casting of metals, particularly of steel, comprising at least one ultrasonic transducer (8) mounted on the edge (20) of one end of the interal tubular element (14) of the mold, in an extension of that element, and oriented to transmit to that element the ultrasonic vibrations which it generates in a longitudinal direction, parallel or substantially parallel to the casting axis (A) in the mold. By reducing friction between the cast metal and the inner mold wall, the mold structure promotes lubrication and improves the quality of the surfaces of the cast products while reducing the danger of breakouts. It can be used with vertical, inclined, curved and horizontal continuous casting plants.

Abstract: In a horizontal continuous casting machine having a casting withdrawing cycle consisting of withdrawing, stopping and push-back periods, a method of controlling the stop of the flow of a casting during the stopping period of the withdrawing cycle so as to stop the flow of the casting within a predetermined period. The desired braking torque is calculated in consideration of the load variations due to the casting condition of the horizontal continuous casting machine and the braking torque is applied to the pinch roll shafts upon the termination of the withdrawing period thereby effecting the stop of the flow of the casting during the stopping period within the predetermined time.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for controlling the oscillations of a continuous pour ingot mold which comprises at least one eccentric having a sleeve with an eccentric boring mounted to rotate on an off-center portion of a shaft. In order to eliminate the drawbacks resulting from the existence of a play between the sleeve and the shaft, the sleeve is so clamped on an off-centered shaft portion as to cancel the clamping constraints to allow the rotation of the sleeve on the shaft when the eccentricity is to be adjusted.

Abstract: A mold for horizontally and continuously casting molten metal into a cast metal strand, which is horizontally connected, through a front nozzle, a feed nozzle and a break ring to an opening in a lower portion of a side wall of a tundish for a horizontal type continuous casting machine. Molten metal received in the tundish is intermittently and continuously withdrawn into a cast metal strand in the horizontal direction through the mold in a plurality of cycles each comprising one pull and one push. The transverse sectional area of the inner bore of the mold at the inlet end portion thereof becomes gradually larger from the inlet end of the mold toward the middle portion thereof over a prescribed distance (l), and the inner bore of the mold has substantially the same transverse sectional area for the remaining portion other than the inlet portion of the mold over the above-mentioned prescribed distance (l).

Abstract: A guiding device for an oscillating continuous casting mold includes a spring holder connected at a central area to a frame of a continuous casting plant, and a spring which is clamped in a bridge-like manner at its both extremities to the spring holder and is connected to the mold lifting platform via an intermediary part.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuous horizontal casting with a stationary mold and the casting method accomplished with such apparatus contemplates employing at least one gripper roll pair which directly engages a casting which is then withdrawn in steps or incrementally from the mold. At least one roll of each roll pair is driven by a stepping DC-motor to which it is directly coupled. Each casting withdrawal step can be divided into substeps which are controllable to produce a uniform preset speed pattern during each step.

Abstract: In a method for oscillating an inherently rigid horizontal continuous casting mold for metals, by subjecting the mold to sinusoidally oscillating horizontal stroke movements alternately in the casting direction and in the direction opposite to the casting direction, while casting is advanced in the casting direction and is removed continuously, the mold is oscillated at a frequency, f, of at least about 100 cycles/minute, and the oscillation frequency, f, and mold stroke, H, are given values related to casting rate, V.sub.0, such that the average value of 2 fH/V.sub.0 is at least 0.64 and the displacement of the mold relative to the casting during each movement of the mold in the casting direction is no greater than 1 mm.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of continuous casting with the use of a mold oscillating system adapted to oscillate a casting mold supported by a oscillating frame, the method including oscillating the mold by applying vibration at a preselected frequency higher than the natural frequency of the oscillating system; and increasing the amplitude of applied oscillation to a value in a range as determined by the ratio of a length of time of a downward movement period of the mold to a time length in which the speed of the mold exceeds the casting speed during the downward period. Preferably the preselected frequency of applied oscillation of the mold is approximately 1.5 times higher than the natural frequency of the oscillating frame.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for semi-horizontal continuous casting is disclosed employing an essentially horizontally extending continuous casting mold provided at its upper side or top wall with a mold inlet opening for the infeed of the metal to be cast, especially steel. At least one strand guide arrangement serves to guide at least one continuously cast strand which is fed laterally out of the continuous casting mold. The strand guide arrangement for each stand possesses two strand guide tracks or paths curved in opposite direction, the center of curvature of the first curved guide track or path, viewed in the direction of travel of the cast strand, being located below its related path of travel, and the center of curvature of the second curved guide track or path being located above its related path of travel.

Abstract: A method for continuous casting of light-alloy ingots, consisting in pouring a melt, acting upon the melt with ultrasound using at least one radiator to purify the melt and to refine the structure of the solidifying ingot, the radiation being applied uniformly throughout the cross-section of the melt in an intensity of 2 to 60 W/cm.sup.2 depending on the cross-sectional area of the solidifying ingot, the radiator being immersed into the melt to a depth equal to between 1/12 and 1/4 of the sound wavelength in the material of the melt and the melt temperature being maintained by 60.degree. to 150.degree. C. above the liquidus temperature of the melt, and subsequently withdrawing the ingot.

Abstract: A method of continuously casting a strand, having of the steps of providing a cooled mould having a wall defining a passage having one end and another end, feeding molten material into the one end in a direction towards the other end, lubricating the passage with a film of lubricant interposed between the mould wall and the molten material, the lubricant film having a thickness, withdrawing an at least surface-hardened strand from the other end of the passage, and subjecting at least one region of the wall of the mould to oscillations transverse to the direction of movement of the molten material, said oscillations having an amplitude that is less than the lubricant film thickness, and also having a frequency that is less than that which will promote cavitation in the lubricant film, the amplitude and the frequency of the oscillations generating a pressure increase in the lubricant by way of a squeeze film phenomenon.

Abstract: A molten metal stream is fed downwardly, especially essentially vertically, into a double-ended, chilled horizontal mold where the molten metal is formed into two strands which are cooled and simultaneously bidirectionally withdrawn from opposed ends of the horizontal mold. The infed hot molten metal stream is deposited within the double-ended horizontal mold such that a so-to-speak hot wall forms at the immediate vicinity of the inflow region where the molten metal enters the horizontal mold. This hot wall precludes formation of a strand shell or skin which otherwise would undesirably interconnect the two formed strands, so that not only is the resistance to mold oscillation decreased, but the individual strands can be cleanly withdrawn from each side of the mold without the danger of undesired and uncontrolled interaction arising between the two withdrawn strands and without the need to have to rupture any such interconnecting strand shell or skin.

Abstract: A lifting platform is hinged via oscillating cranks forming a four rod linkage mechanism to a spacially fixed support frame at a continuous casting apparatus with a mold having a curved metal bar axis and disposed at the oscillating lifting platform and the lifting platform forms the connecting rod of this four rod linkage mechanism. In order to avoid the generation of cracks in the metal bar at the transition from the oscillating guide track for the metal bar to the spacially fixed guiding of the bar and in order to be able to adapt the oscillating cranks to close quarters, the longitudinal axes of the oscillating cranks intersect at a point while the mold is in middle position, which point is disposed on a straight line connecting the center of curvature of the guide track of the metal bar to the lower end of the oscillating support surface supporting the metal bar. The oscillating cranks are of differing lengths.

Abstract: In the continuous casting of steel, surface imperfections associated with the use of an oscillating bar for removal of the cast billet from the mold are substantially eliminated by providing a pulsating high intensity magnetic field around the mold to cause flexing of the metal to detach solidified metal from the internal wall of the mold.

Abstract: In a continuous casting mold which comprises: a plurality of ultrasonic vibrators, fitted to the outer surface of each of the side walls of said mold, along a plurality of straight lines at prescribed intervals in the axial direction of said mold, and said plurality of straight lines being arranged at prescribed intervals; the improvement characterized in that: each of the side walls of said mold is divided into a plurality of sections corresponding to said straight lines of said plurality of ultrasonic vibrators fitted to the outer surface of each of said side walls.This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 473,978, filed Mar. 11, 1983, abondoned, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 213,043, filed Dec. 4, 1980, abandoned.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling and guiding oscillations of a mold having an outlet for a continuous casting, comprises a fixed support, a first connecting rod pivotally connected to the mold at one end thereof, a first cam shaft carried by the fixed support, the first cam shaft having an axis extending perpendicularly to the axis of the continuous casting or to the direction of a tangent on the axis at a point adjacent the mold outlet and parallel to a vertical plane containing the axis, an end of the first connecting rod opposite to the one end being mounted on the first cam shaft, a second connecting rod pivotally connected to the mold at an end thereof, and a second cam shaft carried by the fixed support, the second cam shaft having a horizontal axis extending perpendicularly to the axis of the first cam shaft, an end of the second connecting rod opposite to the one end being mounted on the second cam shaft, the mounting of each connecting rod on a respective one of the cam shafts being arranged to prevent a

Abstract: A continuous casting mold having the wall thickness of each of parts corresponding to a point where molten steel begins to solidify during continuous casting is arranged to be locally thinner than other parts of the mold. High frequency oscillation is applied to the locally thinned parts to vibrate them to a sufficient amplitude to prevent the seizure of a cast steel piece from taking place due to the heat thereof for improvement in the surface quality thereof.

Abstract: In a continuous casting mold which comprises: a plurality of ultrasonic vibrators fitted to the outer surface of each of the side walls of the mold along at least one straight line at prescribed intervals in the axial direction of the mold; the plurality of ultrasonic vibrators producing vibrating waves of identical wave lengths in the axial direction of the mold; the prescribed intervals being equal to half the wave length of the vibration waves generated in the axial direction of the mold; the improvement wherein the phases of the vibration waves of two adjacent ones of the plurality of ultrasonic vibrators are deviated by 180.degree. from each other.

Abstract: A continuous casting mold for casting strands is mounted in a mold table or other suitable mold mounting arrangement and is ocsillated by means of oscillation levers. The oscillation levers are mounted both at the mold table and also at a bearing block. To compensate the bearing play arising at the bearing locations a power or force-applying device is provided between the mold table and the bearing block.

Abstract: Process for continuous casting of a steel slab free from surface defects, which comprises oscillating a mold under an oscillation condition which restricts the deformation of a meniscus portion of a strand shell so as to prevent oscillation defects.

Abstract: A process for controllng the withdrawal of a casting from a cooled, horizontal, continuous casting mold involves withdrawing the casting from the mold in a series of steps, between which steps the casting is pushed back by a partial step to insure the welding together of casting sections. A melt breakthrough of the casting skin is prevented by measuring the expansion or contraction of a wall of the mold in contact with the casting and controlling the withdrawal of the casting in response thereto.

Abstract: A cladding process and apparatus in which steel strip or sheet is cladded with a metal of lower melting point, e.g. lead, by maintaining a bank of constant level of the molten cladding material between a belt and the strip or sheet substrate which passes along an inclined path and is cooled to harden the molten material thereon. During the cooling process the applied material is compressed against the substrate.