Abstract: A single pass ambient air heat exchanger for vaporizing and heating cryogenic liquids includes a plurality of vertically mounted and parallel connected heat exchange tubes. Each tube has plurality of external fins and a plurality of internal peripheral passageways symmetrically arranged about and in fluid communication with a central opening, preferably circular in cross section. A solid bar or rod extends within the central opening for a predetermined length of each tube to increase the rate of heat transfer between the cryogenic fluid in its vapor phase and the ambient air as compared to the rate of heat between the fluid in its vapor phase and the air in an unblocked tube so that the fluid is raised from its boiling temperature at the bottom of the tubes to a temperature at the top suitable for manufacturing and other operations.

Abstract: An oil cooling device for a motorcycle engine operating by convection heat transfer with air outside the device. A fin arrangement may be included to enhance the rate of heat exchange. The device conforms to forward portions of the motorcycle frame. The location of the device allows air needed to cool the engine to flow by the device uninhibited. This location is also unobtrusive and thus does not detract from the motorcycle's overall appearance. The oil cooling device is activated by a thermovalve which opens whenever a chosen temperature range is attained. This device could be incorporated into a motorcycle at manufacture or be configured for addition to a motorcycle to improve oil cooling as an auxiliary oil cooler.

Abstract: A device including an integrally formed membrane oxygenator and heat exchange device positioned in a single housing. The device includes a thermally conductive body formed with a plurality of blood pathways on its surface, and a gas permeable membrane, or membranes positioned in the housing in substantial contact with the heat exchange body to cover or lie within a portion of each of the pathways. The membrane defines a gas pathway separate from the blood pathway through which a gas is directed. The blood is directed through the individual blood pathways. The device also includes various ports and passageways for delivering the blood to the individual channels, and for collecting and removing the blood from the device.

Abstract: Using a series of identically sized, single row, single circuit refrigerant coil modules, fin/tube refrigerant coils of different nominal air conditioning tonnages are constructed by arranging different numbers of the identically sized module in accordion-pleated orientations, with each modular coil having the same depth in the direction of intended air flow across the coil. Compared to conventional "A" coils used on the indoor side of air conditioning circuits, these accordion-pleated modular coils are more compact in the air flow direction, provide more coil surface area, permit lower coil face velocities with higher fin density, and significantly reduce the overall coil manufacturing costs since only one size of coil slab needs to fabricated and inventoried to later assemble refrigerant coils of widely varying nominal air conditioning tonnages.

Abstract: A heat exchanger tube (10) for use in an application, such as a shell and tube type air conditioning system condenser, in which a fluid flowing through the heat exchanger external to the tubes condenses by transfer of heat to a cooling fluid flowing through the tubes. The tube has at least one fin convolution (22) extending helically around its external surface (13). Multiple axial notches (23) are impressed into the fin at intervals along its extent. Because the notches are impressed and not cut into the fin, material displaced from a fin to form a notch forms lateral projections (24) from the the walls of the fin. The notched fins provide increased external heat transfer surface area on the tube, destabilize the film of condensate on the tube external surface, thus causing the film to be generally thinner, and promote condensate drainage from the fins and off the tube and thus increase the heat transfer performance of the tube.

Abstract: A baffleless tube and shell heat exchanger for cooling a liquid, comprising a shell having an inlet and an outlet; a plurality of tubes longitudinally disposed in the shell, each of the tubes having an inlet and an outlet for passing a coolant therethrough, the liquid to be cooled passing through the shell along the exterior of the tubes, the interior and exterior circumference of the tubes being fluted substantially along the entire length thereof such that the coolant flows substantially longitudinally through the tubes in a spiralled manner and the liquid passes substantially longitudinally through the shell in a spiralled manner; and support means for supporting the tubes wherein the flow of the liquid through the heat exchanger only experiences restriction due to the tubes and the support means, there being no baffles to restrict the flow.

Abstract: Small quantities of one or more liquids having a low boiling point dispersed with a large quantity of one or more immiscible liquids having a higher boiling point are separated in a rapid and efficient manner. A non-reactive gas (nitrogen, helium, air, or combinations thereof) is heated by recycled energy and make-up energy to a temperature above the boiling point of at least one liquid but below that of at least one other liquid. The heated gas is combined with the unheated or preheated liquid-liquid mixture to be separated, and the liquid-gas blend is mixed, heated and distributed by an improved heat exchanger having thermal conductive gas tubing, metal wools and fins) and nebulizer, forming a mist inside a vessel containing a pool liquid of at least one liquid having a boiling point higher than that of at least one other liquid, which pool liquid has been heated with at least a heat pump means to a temperature above the boiling point of at least one liquid but below the pool liquid's own boiling point.

Abstract: A heat exchange tube is provided and includes a turbulator therein incorporating a tubular center core and a spiral wrap about the core. The turbulator is first inserted within the heat exchange tube with minimum clearance between the spiral wrap and the internal surfaces of the tube and minimum clearance between the spiral wrap and the tubular core. Thereafter, the tubular core is expanded sufficiently to deform those portions of the spiral wrap engaging the core and also those portions of the spiral wrap engaging the inner surfaces of the heat exchange tube.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for producing a high performance evaporator tube having a subsurface channel formed between adjacent helical fins with the subsurface channels having alternating closed portions and open pores above the subsurface channels. The fins of the tube are rolled-over toward the adjacent fin and then contacted with a notched disc to form the alternating closed portions and open pores.

Abstract: Using a series of identically sized, single row, single circuit refrigerant coil modules, fin/tube refrigerant coils of different nominal air conditioning tonnages are constructed by arranging different numbers of the identically sized modules in accordion-pleated orientations, with each modular coil having the same depth in the direction of intended air flow across the coil. Compared to conventional "A" coils used on the indoor side of air conditioning circuits, these accordion-pleated modular coils are more compact in the air flow direction, provide more coil surface area, permit lower coil face velocities with higher fin density, and significantly reduce the overall coil manufacturing costs since only one size of coil slab needs to be fabricated and inventoried to later assemble refrigerant coils of widely varying nominal air conditioning tonnages.

Abstract: A device including an integrally formed membrane oxygenator and heat exchange device positioned in a single housing. The device includes a thermally conductive body formed with a plurality of blood pathways on its surface, and a gas permeable membrane, or membranes positioned in the housing in substantial contact with the heat exchange body to cover or lie within a portion of each of the pathways. The membrane defines a gas pathway separate from the blood pathway through which a gas is directed. The blood is directed through the individual blood pathways. The device also includes various ports and passageways for delivering the blood to the individual channels, and for collecting and removing the blood from the device.

Abstract: Heatable or coolable portions of a double band press or a single or multiplaten press have channels for a fluid heat carrier. In these channels, heat is exchanged by convection between the walls of the channels and the heat carrier fluid. Surface enlarging inserts of a material with good heat conducting properties are inserted into the channels in order to improve heat exchange. These surface enlarging inserts have a surface which is fastened to the walls of the channels in order to improve heat exchange. Several elements projecting into the flow of the heat carrier fluid emanate from this surface of the surface enlarging insert. The surface enlarging insert is composed of several identical or different individual parts which are fabricated separately and subsequently inserted into the channels in such a way that they have area contact with the wall of the channels.

Abstract: A heat-absorbing/heating device with high efficiency and a supporting device thereof, wherein a plurality of spaced heat-absorbing members are disposed on a heat-absorbing surface of the heat-absorbing/heating device and a plurality of space heating members are disposed on a heating surface thereof, and a heat-surrounding member with heat-guiding members is disposed around the heat-absorbing members whereby when heating the heat-absorbing members, the heat-absorbing members can rapidly absorb and collect the heat at high efficiency and conduct the heat to the heating members for further heating the liquid or food contained in the heating-absorbing/heating device, and wherein the supporting device includes a large support portion and a small support portion corresponding to the heat-absorbing/heating device whereby when heating, the heat-absorbing/heating device can be placed on the supporting device.

Abstract: An internally enhanced heat transfer tube comprising a heat transfer tube including an internal surface and an internal diameter (D); a plurality of roughness elements on the internal surface of the heat transfer tube, each roughness element having a height (e) above the internal surface where the ratio of the height (e) to the internal diameter (D) falls within the range 0.004.ltoreq.e/D.ltoreq.0.045.

Abstract: A reactor system and process for conducting exothermic or endothermic chemical reactions achieves greater kinetic efficiency through transfer of heat between adjacent feed temperature modification and reaction zones.

Abstract: In a method of making a motor vehicle radiator, extruded hollow shapes of oval cross section provided inwardly with at least one longitudinally extending web lying transversely of the larger major axis of the oval cross section are reshaped, e.g. rolled, under pressure to a cross-sectional form of a flat profile tube having two parallel sides, soldered to cooling fins and fitted into a radiator housing. The extruded hollow shape is of light metal with a substantial oval cross section.

Abstract: A heat transfer tube having an inner surface in which are formed primary grooves and secondary grooves. The primary grooves parallel to one another, extending at an angle to the longitudinal direction of the heat transfer tube and secondary grooves parallel to one another, extending an angle to the primary grooves. At the intersections of the primary and secondary grooves is formed a series of pear-shaped grooves whose inner opening dimension is smaller than the dimension of the bottom of the pear-shaped groove.

Abstract: A wick layer is attached and fixed to one surface of a metal tape without forming a gap with the metal surface, and thereafter, the tape is rolled so that the surface having the wick layer serves as an inner surface, thus forming a pipe shape, then the pipe wall is corrugated. According to the above process, the wick layer is completely and uniformly attached to the inner surface of the heat pipe.

Abstract: An oil cooler center has a sinusoidally shaped plate with a center length which extends across the width of a longitudinal flow path through an oil cooler and with a center pitch formed between a pair of inclined walls that form a plurality of spaced oil chambers in the oil cooler having oil flow diverted therethrough by louvers formed in the walls to form inlets and outlets to and from the spaced oil chambers and wherein the louvers are inclined to mix the oil up and down in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal flow path so as to break up a thermal boundary layer on the inner surface of the outside walls of an oil cooler.

Abstract: An improved condenser for use in air conditioning or refrigeration systems. A pair of spaced headers have a plurality of tubes extending in hydraulic parallel between them and each tube defines a plurality of hydraulically parallel, fluid flow paths between the headers. Each of the fluid flow paths has a hydraulic diameter in the range of about 0.015 to about 0.04 inches. Preferably, each fluid flow path has an elongated crevice extending along its length to accumulate condensate and to assist in minimizing film thickness on heat exchange surfaces through the action of surface tension. Heat exchange surfaces may also be provided with microcracks or channels to enhance heat transfer.

Abstract: A heat pipe for providing enhanced thermal conductivity for transfering heat from a heat sink, such as the earth, to a separate medium, including an elongated, generally vertical, tube closed at each end and having a heat absorption portion adjacent the lower end and a heat dissipation portion adjacent the upper end, the wall of the tube having an integral spiraled groove therein forming internal spiraled valleys and ridges, a refrigerant within the tube having a liquid and a vapor phase wherein the refrigerant is converted to vapor in the heat absorption portion and the vapor is converted to liquid in the heat dissipation portion, the vapor being free to rise within the interior of the tube, the condensed liquid refrigerant flowing downwardly in the tube interior spiraled valleys.

Abstract: There is disclosed a hot gas flue pipe assembly designed for use inside a heating boiler. The assembly has an outer pipe and an inner pipe, and the outer pipe envelopes the inner pipe in such a way that circumferential contact deformations disposed at least in separate sub zones are capable of transferring heat between the two pipes. In order to prevent the occurrence of cracking noises during the flow of hot flue gases through the hot gas flue pipe, or at least to reduce such noises to an acceptable level, the inner pipe comprises one or more sections which, when inserted inside the outer pipe, define with their opposed ends, a circumferential gap that is filled with an elastic, heat-resistant and moisture-resistant cementitious material.

Abstract: Plate fin heat exchangers (11,12 or 34,35,36) for transformers (10) and inductors (30) made of laminated iron cores (16 and 44) and insulated wire coils (13,14,15 or 45, 46, 47, 48) placed around the legs of the cores (16 and 44) is provided in the form of a plate fin between the coils of wire. The wire coils (13,14,15 or 45,46,47,48) and respective heat exchangers (11,12 or 34,35,36) are sandwiched together with the leg of the iron core (16 or 44) passing through the sandwich. The heat generated in the coils is in direct contact with the surface of the heat exchangers (11,12 or 34,35,36). A narrow air gap (28 or 49) is incorporated in each of the plate fin heat exchangers (11,12 or 34,35,36) at the core leg of each coil (13,14,15 or 45,46,47,48) to reduce the path eddy currents can travel and thereby reduce eddy current losses which reduce the power of the transformer (10) or inductor (30).

Abstract: A high-performance heat transfer tube for an evaporator of an air conditioning or refrigeration system is formed on a grooved mandrel that has a sufficient number of grooves, such as 60 to 90 for a 5/8 inch tube, to produce a small-pitch internal rib enhancement. The small pitch ensures that the spaces or grooves between ribs are about two to five times the characteristic film thickness of the refrigerant liquid on the inside of the tube. This construction permits use of a thinner tube wall starting blank without loss of strength. Lands or unworked portions can be left at the tube ends to facilitate flaring into a tube sheet.

Abstract: In the process for producing titanium dioxide by(a) reacting titanium tetrachloride and oxygen in the vapor phase to produce titanium dioxide, and(b) subsequently cooling the titanium dioxide in a flue,an improvement comprising utilizing for all or a portion of the flue a conduit having a plurality of internal, substantially longitudinal protuberances, depressions or both.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention there is provided an animal watering device comprising an insulated reservoir and a heat tube capable of extending from a point in the earth below the frost line upwardly into the container and thereby transferring the heat of the earth into the water in the reservoir as a result of a suitable working fluid contained in the heat tube. Also there is provided a heat tube having a twisted wall and a wound section in the reservoir.

Abstract: A heat exchanger element in the form of a cylindrical tube with an integral external helical fin extending along at least the major part of the tube length; the integral finned tube being formed by an extrusion or injection moulding process from a rigid setting plastics material. The invention includes heat exchangers incorporating or formed by the heat exchanger elements.

Abstract: A high performance heat transfer tube for use in the condenser for an air conditioning or refrigeration system is formed on a grooved mandrel which has a sufficient number of grooves i.e., thirty six to forty eight, with a suitable helix angle, such as thirty degrees, and a sufficiently small pitch, such as 0.10 inches or less, so that a Moire imprint is avoided in the external fin enhancement. This makes the fin height uniform over the exterior of the tube, which results in an increase in condenser efficiency.

Abstract: An oil cooler and a radiator hose are combined in an all polymer structure. Generally concentric hoses provide two coolant paths with the wall of the inner hose providing heat transfer from one fluid to the other. The hoses are flexible or can be formed to conform to desired radiator hose routing. The hoses have deflectable vanes extending from their walls into the fluids to flex according to flow rate. The vanes induce turbulence to improve the thermal transfer especially at low flow rates but deflect at high flow rates to minimize pressure drop due to the vanes.

Abstract: A heat exchanger tube for evaporation or condensation, comprising:projected parts having cavities and provided on at least one of the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of a tubular body, andplain parts formed on the same surface as the projected parts so that the projected parts and the plain parts mingle together.

Abstract: The present invention is particularly concerned with rotary end face seals of the type including a pair of annular sealing members disposed in relatively rotatable sealing proximity about a rotation axis. Each of these annular members typically includes a radially arranged annular sealing surface with these sealing surfaces being in face-to-face sealing proximity with one another during use so as to define a radially arranged annular sealing interface which separates a region of higher pressure from a region of lower fluid pressure. The invention particularly provides an annular heat exchanger which, in use, surrounds the annular sealing members in radially spaced relation thereto to define, within one of the above-noted regions, an annular zone of fluid pressure between the heat exchanger and the sealing members.

Abstract: A tube and shell type heat exchanger providing multi-pass contraflow of two heat exchange fluids includes a cylindrical outer shell, a modular baffle assembly guiding a shell fluid, a plurality of multi-wall tube sets and a pair of opposed end assemblies. A fixed end assembly fixedly receives one end of the tube sets and provides manifolding for directing multi-pass tube fluid flow through the tube sets. An opposite, floating end assembly slidably receives and seals floating tube ends to accommodate temperature induced expansion and contraction. The floating end assembly also provides manifolding for directing the multi-pass tube fluid flow through the tube sets. A triple wall tube set may be employed to provide extra protection against contamination of heat exchange fluids.

Abstract: A high performance heat transfer tube for use in the condenser of an air conditioning or refrigeration system is formed on a grooved mandrel which has a sufficient number of grooves i.e., thirty six to forty eight, with a suitable helix angle, such as thirty degrees, and a sufficiently small pitch, such as 0.10 inches or less, so that a Moire imprint is avoided in the external fin enhancement. This makes the fin height uniform over the exterior of the tube, which results in an increase in condenser efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cylinder tube for scraped surface heat exchangers the interior surface (18) of which is even and the exterior surface of which is enlarged by providing a number of spaced grooves (16) with a smoothly rounded bottom portion, the profile depth (A) of which being substantially larger than the radius (R) at the bottom of said groove (16). The cylinder tube (10) shall be manufactured by a duplex stainless steel alloy consisting of the following constituents in weight-%; max 0.03% C, 18-30% Cr, 4-8% Ni, 0-6% Mo, 0.5-2% Mn, 0.5-2% Si, 0.05-0.30% N, the remainder Fe and normal impurities, whereby the amounts of the constituents are interrelated such that the amount of ferrite in the microstructure amounts to 35-65%.

Abstract: A tube and shell type heat exchanger providing multi-pass contraflow of two heat exchange fluids includes a cylindrical outer shell, a modular baffle assembly guiding a shell fluid, a plurality of multi-wall tube sets and a pair of opposed end assemblies. A fixed end assembly fixedly receives one end of the tube sets and provides manifolding for directing multi-pass tube fluid flow through the tube sets. An opposite, floating end assembly slidably receives and seals floating tube ends to accommodate temperature induced expansion and contraction. The floating end assembly also provides manifolding for directing the multi-pass tube fluid flow through the tube sets. A triple wall tube set may be employed to provide extra protection against contamination of heat exchange fluids.

Abstract: An electronic circuit housing primarily applicable to undersea transmission-line repeater equipment includes a pressure-resistant tubular steel shell provided with water-tight end walls and containing a cylindrical assembly of frames having the shape of cylindrical sectors. Each frame is attached at one end to a radial flange of the internal shell wall and at the other end to an expandable collar provided with sliding wedges and locked by expansion in the internal shell wall. The fastening system facilitates mounting and accurate centering of the frames within the tubular shell, thereby guaranteeing a constant thickness and therefore uniform thermal conductivity of the interface between frame and tubular shell.

Abstract: A helical flow heat exchanger comprises a hollow casing with an outwardly protruding helical trough which defines a helical flow path along the internal periphery of the casing. The casing has an inlet at one end for introducing fluid tangentially into the casing and an outlet at another end from which the fluid exits the casing. A blocking body is disposed within the casing to substantially block fluid flow along the length of the casing inward from the peripheral helical flow path and to force fluid that has deviated inwardly back out into the flow path to maintain helical flow.

Abstract: A heat exchanger is illustrated in the form of a pair of juxtaposed chambers defining a first flow path for passing a heated fluid therethrough and a second flow path for passing a cooling medium therethrough. A heat exchanging structure extends between the first and second flow paths in communication therewith. The heat exchanging structure includes at least one composite of thermally conductive fibrous material laid up unidirectionally in a direction between the flow paths for transferring heat from the heated fluid in the first flow path for absorption by the cooling medium in the second flow path.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a method of thermally decomposing a hydrocarbon and a thermal decomposition tube used therefor. A plurality of spiral fins are formed on the inner wall surface of the thermal decomposition tube. Since no-fin portions are formed on portions of the inner wall surface, the flow of a hydrocarbon through the no-fin portions is made turbulent to a suitable degree. For this reason, coke is prevented from adhering to the inner wall surface of the thermal decomposition tube.

Abstract: A fluid cooler includes an inner shell concentrically mounted within the outer shell, both shells having corresponding circumferential contours. Radially extending heat exchange fins are provided at least on the outer surface of the inner shell and on the inner surface of the outer shell and have a inner surface of the outer shell having a height equal to half of the difference between the inner diameter of the outer and the outer diameter of the inner shells.

Abstract: An internally finned multiple piece tube for use in a heat exchanger including an elongated fin 28, a first, elongated, C-shaped channel 24 having a first base 34 and spaced first legs 36, and a second, elongated C-shaped channel 26 having a second base 38 and spaced second legs 40. The fin 28 and the second channel 26 are nested in the first channel 24 between the first legs 36 thereof such that the fin 28 is sandwiched between and engaged by both the first and second bases 34 and 38 with the first legs 36 extending around and behind the second legs 40 to hold the tube 20 in assembled relation.

Abstract: An improved turbulator and conduit structure for use in heat exchangers. An elongated tube through which fluid to be subject to a heat exchange process is provided with a first outer winding within the tube in substantial abutment with the inner wall of the tube and a second inner winding at least partially within the first winding. The pitch of the first winding is different from the pitch of the second winding. Consistent heat exchange at extremely low Reynolds numberes is obtainable with the structure. Also disclosed is a method of making such a turbulator and conduit structure.

Abstract: A tube for heat transfer systems or the like is provided which includes helically or circumferentially disposed, radially extending ribs or fins. The base of the grooves defined between adjacent fins has a plurality of discrete impressions defined therein. The provision of discrete impressions in the groove base improves the heat transfer characteristics of the tube by greatly increasing the outer surface area of the tube relative to the inner surface area of the tube.

Abstract: A heat transfer unit includes an elongated finned tubular element bent in a serpentine pattern with the thickness of the wall of the tubular member made greater at return bend portions than at cross portions either by more shallow cutting of the rib material from which the fins are formed at the return bend portions than at the cross portions, or by crimping the tubular member at the return bend portions prior to cutting the fins so that a portion of the rib material from which the fins are cut is compressed inwardly on both sides of the tubular member to increase the wall thickness of tube material at the return bend portions.

Abstract: A heat exchanger tube for evaporation or condensation, comprising:projected parts having cavities and provided on at least one of the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of a tubular body, and plain parts formed on the same surface as the projected parts so that the projected parts and the plain parts mingle together.

Abstract: A fluid cooler includes an inner shell concentrically mounted within an outer shell, both shells having corresponding circumferential contours. Radially extending heat exchange fins are provided at least on the outer surface of the inner shell and on the inner surface of the outer shell and have a height equal to half of the difference between the inner diameter of the outer and the outer diameter of the inner shell.

Abstract: A heat exchanger mainly for use with gas fired hot air blowers or convectors wherein the media taking part in the heat exchange are separated by a wall, a duct enclosed by the wall and constituting the flow area for the media and having a cross-sectional area diminishing in the direction of the flow and having detrusions on both sides of the wall.

Abstract: Heat exchanging device wherein plural number of support plates are provided at a required distance from one another, a plurality of through holes are formed on these support plates, a plurality of spirally corrugated heating tubes of a fluorocarbon resin are put in each of the through holes independently from one another and these heating tubes are held by elastic bushings in the support plates.

Abstract: A heat exchanger (38) is provided which may be used in a mass transfer device (20), such asn an oxygenator or a dialyzer. The heat exchanger comprises a core (40) formed of a corrugated metal having a high thermal conductivity. Each of the corrugations of the core comprises substantially parallel side walls (70, 72). A first fluid, such as blood, is introduced onto the outside of the core. A second fluid, such as water, is introduced into the inside of the core. The first and second fluids will be in heat exchange relationship with each other and the flow of the fluids is substantially uniform resulting from the substantially parallel side walls of the corrugations. The core is formed by providing a flexible metalhose, annealing the flexible metal hose, compressing the annealed hose and expanding the compressed hose to a length that is substantially less than its original length but greater than its length during compression.

Abstract: A heat transfer pipe having in an inner surface thereof a plurality of first internal grooves formed in parallel with each other and having a generally rectangular cross sectional shape, and a plurality of second internal grooves formed in parallel with each other and crossing the first internal grooves, the second internal grooves having a cross section which is generally in the shape of an inverted trapezoid, the heat transfer pipe further having the following portions defined by the above first and second internal grooves; tunnel portions formed in the portions where the first internal grooves cross the second internal grooves, the tunnel portions each having a space; discontinuous projecting portions formed at the portions crossing the portions between the first internal grooves, the discontinuous projecting portions being parallel to the second internal grooves and each having a generally triangular cross section; and including opening portions of the first internal grooves formed in the intermittent por