Abstract: In an air-conditioning system for motor vehicles, the radiator for heating the passenger compartment is excluded from connection to the circuit for cooling the engine when heating of the passenger compartment is not required. In this condition, a mixing valve is set in an intermediate position, in which part of the flow of air leaving the evaporator of the system flows directly in the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle, keeping it cooled, while part of the flow of air leaving the evaporator flows through the aforesaid heating radiator, which in this condition functions as accumulator of cold. When the cooling circuit is temporarily deactivated, cooling of the passenger compartment can be ensured by the radiator, that yields the previously accumulated cold.

Abstract: The invention relates to a flat element (1) for thermally adjusting indoor air, especially for cooling indoor air. Said flat element (1) comprises an air guiding chamber (2) and an active cover surface (3) having microholes (4). The air guiding chamber (2) has an upper side (5), a plurality of sidewalls (6a, 6b), at least one opening (7) for letting air in and at least one opening (8) for discharging air. The active cover surface (3) closes the air guiding chamber (2) towards its open bottom side. The upper side (5) of the air guiding chamber (2) is shaped so as to have at least one baffle (10) having at least one air guiding edge (11).

Abstract: A system for drying and tempering flowing air that has been compressed to a super atmospheric level prior to treatment by the system. The system includes a precooler and reheater core and a chiller core disposed in adjacent relation for receiving flowing air serially therethrough. A moisture removal section is disposed adjacent to the chiller core for removing entrained moisture from the flowing air. The moisture removal section is defined by sidewalls. The moisture removal section has a demister core disposed therein. The demister core comprises a plurality of fins configured to create an undulating flow through the demister core. The demister core is disposed at an angle with respect to at least one of the sidewalls to create an enlarged entrance area and an enlarged exit area.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heat conditioning system for a motor vehicle, including: an air conditioning loop of a motor vehicle (B) in which a cooling fluid circulates and which includes a compressor (2), at least two heat exchangers (8,42) and at least one decompression device (24,26), a heat processing unit (U) of a battery (100) of the vehicle, which unit includes a heat processing means (46) which is capable of being in a heat exchange relation with the battery of the vehicle, in which the heat processing means is in a heat exchange relation with the air conditioning loop.

Abstract: An air conditioner capable of cooling or heating an electronic component box provided to an outdoor unit is provided. An air conditioner includes a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, an indoor heat exchanger, an electronic component box and an electronic component box heat exchanger. The compressor compresses a refrigerant. The outdoor heat exchanger performs a heat exchange between outdoor air and the refrigerant, being disposed outdoors and connected to the compressor. The indoor heat exchanger performs a heat exchange between indoor air and the refrigerant, being disposed indoors and connected to the compressor and the outdoor heat exchanger. The electronic component box has electronic components accommodated therein, being disposed outdoors together with the outdoor heat exchanger. The electronic component box heat exchanger heat or cools the electronic component box through flow of the refrigerant, being provided in the electronic component box.

Abstract: Temperature controlled cargo containers may include thermal masses conditioned to temperatures above and/or below a target temperature. Example thermal masses may include plates including phase change materials, such as eutectic materials. One or more fans and flapper valves may be selectively operated to circulate air in the cargo container across one or more of the thermal masses to maintain the temperature within the cargo container within a prescribed temperature band. Some example temperature controlled cargo containers may include refrigeration units and/or heaters for regenerating the thermal masses when receiving power from an external power source and/or may include one or more rechargeable batteries for providing power during transport or storage independent of external power sources.

Abstract: A refrigerator-oven combination for an aircraft galley food service system includes a housing with a thermally insulated compartment, a heating device for heating the compartment in a heating mode, and a refrigeration device for cooling the compartment in a refrigeration mode.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system, apparatus, and method for a modular food tray system having a plurality of food trays that can be used for heating, cooling, or a combination thereof. The system can include a first food tray for heating and a second food tray for cooling, generally mounted at a different elevation from the first food tray. Alternatively, one or both of the food trays can be designed for cooling through temperature elements coupled thereto and the tray can be heated by overhead radiant heating elements for dual temperature capabilities. The first food tray can be mounted above the second food tray. The first food tray can include a thermal shield between a heating element in the first food tray and the second food tray. In other embodiments, the second food tray can be mounted above the first food tray with a thermal shield therebetween.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vacuum heating/cooling apparatus capable of rapidly heating and also rapidly cooling only a substrate while a high vacuum degree is maintained after film-formation processing. The vacuum heating/cooling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a vacuum chamber (1), a halogen lamp (2) which emits heating light, a quartz window (3) for allowing the heating light to enter the vacuum chamber (1), a substrate supporting base (9) having a cooling function, and a lift pin (13) which causes the substrate (5) to stand still at a heating position P3 and a cooling position P1 and moves the substrate (5) between the heating position P3 and the cooling position P1.

Abstract: A compact instant heating and cooling device has a cabinet that contains both a heating portion and cooling portion. A chilled water container is disposed within the cooling portion and is equipped with two parallel rollers which are turned by a motor. When a beverage is placed on the rollers, the beverage is rotated within the chilled water to provide very fast cooling. The heating portion uses a microwave to heat the food. A door allows entry into the heating portion and a cooling cover provides entry to the cooling portion. A compressor and coils are mounted in the cooling portion and are used to provide the necessary cooling. One embodiment utilizes solid state cooling and another embodiment uses solid state for both heating and cooling.

Abstract: A module for use in a cooling and heating system includes an enclosure having a number of cartridge-receiving slots and at least one cartridge interchangeably disposed in one of the slots. The cartridge contains components for producing chilled fluid. The system can include a refrigerated load that is supplied with chilled fluid from the cartridge and a heat sink to which the cartridge rejects heat. The cooling and heating system can be configured to have at least one refrigeration circuit charged with a refrigerant and including a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device, and a heat exchanger, and at least one secondary cooling circuit charged with a coolant and including the heat exchanger, and a cooling coil. Heat is transferred from the coolant to the refrigerant in the heat exchanger. The system further includes a heating circuit for transferring heat from the condenser to a heating load.

Abstract: A heat pump system for conditioning regeneration air from a space is provided. The heat pump system is operable in a winter mode and/or a summer mode. The system includes an energy recovery module that receives and conditions air in a regeneration air channel. A pre-processing module is positioned downstream of the energy recovery module. The pre-processing module receives and heats air from the energy recovery module. A regeneration air heat exchanger is positioned downstream of the pre-processing module. The regeneration air heat exchanger receives and conditions air from the pre-processing module. The pre-processing module heats the air from the energy recovery module to increase an efficiency of the regeneration air heat exchanger.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and processes of using perfluoropolyether to maintain or improve the oil return, lubrication, cooling capacity or energy efficiency of the refrigeration, air conditioning and heat transfer system.

Abstract: A device and method are disclosed for producing heated and/or cooled compressed air. The device may include a conventional air compressor, one or more filter stages to dry and purify the compressed air, a heat exchanger assembly including a heat exchanger enclosure with a heat exchange coil surrounded by ice or hot water for cooling or heating the compressed air, and an air distribution manifold to supply the temperature-controlled and filtered air to users. In a preferred embodiment, ice is used to cool the compressed air, and the cooled compressed air is supplied to protective gear worn by athletes to cool the athletes during rest periods.

Abstract: Disclosed is an automatic switching two pipe hydronic system for conditioning a space. In one embodiment the two pipe hydronic system enables automatic switching from a first mode of operation to a second mode of operation or vice versa in a reduced span of time. The present invention saves fuel, energy and water, when there are lower load conditions that affect boilers, chillers, and cooling towers. In another embodiment, the present invention provides a system for simultaneously heating and cooling a first portion and a second portion of a space by utilizing a plurality of boilers, chillers, heat exchangers, condenser pumps and closed loop pumps by using a plurality of sensors indicating the temperatures inside and outside the space and a controlling module controlling the operation of the system. The present invention can be easily achieved by making minor configurational modifications to existing systems thereby increases system versatility.

Abstract: One embodiment includes an apparatus for maintaining a beverage at an appropriate consumption temperature, the apparatus comprising a phase change material and a shell. The phase change material transitions between two modes: a cooling mode, when the beverage temperature is greater than the effective phase change temperature, wherein the phase change material absorbs and stores thermal energy from the beverage to cool the beverage; and a warming mode, wherein the phase change material releases thermal energy into the beverage to maintain the beverage at the appropriate consumption temperature. The shell includes a first segment and a second segment that are joined to substantially define a sealed cavity, wherein the phase change material is encased within the cavity, wherein the first segment further defines a recess. The first segment outwardly deforms substantially along the recess to accommodate an increased pressure in the cavity substantially before a rupture of the sealed cavity.

Abstract: A cooling and/or heating system is provided that may include an air conditioning and heat pump assembly (refrigerant-based) housed within an enclosure. Ducts are provided to deliver air cooled by the air conditioning unit or air heated by the heat pump to one or more users positioned in the enclosure. A reversing valve is provided for directing the flow of pressurized refrigerant to one of the condenser and evaporator. When operated in heating mode, the refrigerant flow is reversed by the reversing valve and heated air is delivered through the same duct work. The air conditioning and/or heat pump assembly is controlled by a vending module to be operated by a user. The system is particularly well suited to include the sale of secondary retail and information services and items at populated public locations, e.g., a beach, city street and parks, and at other venues, e.g.

Abstract: Provided is a composition comprising (a) at least one halogenated compound selected from the group consisting of C3-C5 hydrofluoroolefin, CF3I, and combinations thereof, and (b) an effective stabilizing amount of a sesquiterpene selected from the group consisting of farnesol, farnesene, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A method and system for thermal management includes an engine heat exchanger configured to transfer waste heat from an engine to a heat transfer fluid and an engine exhaust heat exchanger coupled in flow communication with the engine heat exchanger wherein the engine exhaust heat exchanger is configured to transfer heat from an exhaust of the propulsive engine to the pumped heat transfer fluid. A bypass valve is coupled in parallel with the engine exhaust heat exchanger wherein the bypass valve is selectable to modulate a flow of the heat transfer fluid through the engine exhaust heat exchanger and a plurality of accessory heat exchangers that are coupled in flow communication with at least one of the engine heat exchanger and the engine exhaust heat exchanger and each of the plurality of accessory heat exchangers flow is controllable using a modulating valve.

Abstract: A fluid temperature control device, which is particularly suitably applied to the temperature control of a processing liquid in a semiconductor device manufacturing process, capable of performing quickly and precisely the temperature control of a temperature-controlled fluid, and the device can also be made as small as possible. This fluid temperature control device includes a body block having flow passage grooves formed therein; heat transfer plates which are disposed on surfaces of the body block to form flow passages where a temperature-controlled fluid flows; heaters which heat the temperature-controlled fluid flowing through the flow passages via at least one of the heat transfer plates; and thermoelectric modules which heat and cool the temperature-controlled fluid flowing through the flow passages via at least one of the heat transfer plates.

Abstract: The fresh air heat exchangers function to supply ventilation, heating and air purification. The device does this whether the building is occupied or empty. The outside air is drawn in, filtered, then passed through the heat exchanger where room air is passed adjacent to it and its heat is extracted and transferred to the incoming fresh air. The room air is subsequently exhausted outside. The preheated fresh outside air continues on to a hot water coil where it is additionally heated and then passed over a UV cell for purification. The purified heated air is introduced to the room. In the building unoccupied phase, room air is cycled back into the room without bringing fresh air in.

Abstract: In a vehicle air conditioning apparatus in which a plurality of air mixing dampers that are driven independently of each other have a drive shaft having a double-shaft structure wherein a hollow drive shaft of one damper is penetrated by a solid drive shaft of another damper, a first shaft-center immobilizing mechanism that secures a shaft center of the hollow drive shaft is provided between a side surface of the unit casing, to which the drive shaft having the double-shaft structure is supported in a freely rotatable manner, and a gear provided at a shaft end of the hollow drive shaft.

Abstract: A modular heating and cooling unit comprising an independent set of headers for each of the heating a cooling loads and the source. A bank of these modular units provides a system that is capable of incremental simultaneous heating and cooling and redundancy. Valves in the internal piping of the unit eliminate the need for valves in the headers between units. This substantially reduces the overall footprint of the unit. Because of the parallel flow between the heat exchangers and the heating and cooling load, the modules can be operated in cooling mode and heating mode in any order.

Abstract: An HVAC system for controlling the temperature and humidity of air supplied to a comfort zone includes a heater and a cooler operating concurrently. In response to a supply air temperature sensor, a PID control loop with substantially constant gain controls the cooler to maintain the zone air at a certain comfortable temperature. The heater, also under PID control, is controlled in response to a humidistat. To prevent the heater from overloading the cooler during periods of high cooling demand, a variable gain multiplier decreases the heater's gain when the cooler's output exceeds a predetermined limit; otherwise, the heater's gain remains substantially constant. When the cooler is operating above the predetermined limit, the multiplier varies linearly between positive-one and negative-one and does so inverse-proportionally with the cooling load to smoothly change the heater's PID control from direct acting to reverse acting as the cooler approaches its maximum capacity.

Abstract: A portable temperature controlled container having a body including an internal chamber with an opening into the internal chamber; and a temperature control unit coupled to the body arid displaced to be thermally coupled with a first portion of the internal chamber, the temperature control unit configured to selectively alter the temperature in the internal chamber by releasing a thermally controlled material into the internal chamber.

Abstract: A waste water heat transfer system for actively transferring heat from waste water to incoming potable water to assist in heating the potable water. The system generally includes a holding tank for receiving wastewater, a heat transfer unit having a refrigeration system and a fluidly connected coaxial heat exchanger, wherein the coaxial heat exchanger receives warmed refrigerant that absorbs heat from the wastewater while travelling through the refrigeration system, a potable water inlet in fluid communication with the coaxial heat exchanger to circulate the potable water within the coaxial heat exchanger and absorb heat from the warmed refrigerant, a buffer tank to receive the warmed potable water from the coaxial heat exchanger, and a hot water heater to receive the warmed potable water from the buffer tank as needed. A controller circuit is used to activate and deactivate the heat transfer unit according to parameters, such as water temperature.

Abstract: The invention relates to an air-conditioning apparatus which regulates at least the temperature of at least one room to a predetermined temperature desired value (TRAUM SOLL) by ventilation with heated or cooled supply air. The air-conditioning apparatus has a supply air motor (15) which feeds the supply air over a supply air channel (10) to the room (1) to be air-conditioned, a cooling and/or heating device (30, 40 33) for the cooling or warming of the supply air, and an exhaust air motor (16) which draws the exhaust air from the room (1) to be air-conditioned over an exhaust air channel (11). According to the invention, the desired value (PAB SOLL) for the regulator of the exhaust air motor (16) forms a room excess pressure established with respect to the outside pressure (PA).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vertical relay fluid storage barrel installed with fluid inlet and fluid outlet for whole or in part placement into natural thermal energy body in vertical or downward oblique manner, wherein a thermal energy exchanger is installed inside the relay fluid storage barrel temporarily storing thermal conductive fluid for external flow, the thermal energy exchanger is installed with fluid piping for the thermal conductive fluid passing through, to perform heat exchange with the fluid in the relay fluid storage barrel, and the fluid in the relay fluid storage barrel performs heat exchange with the natural thermal energy body.

Abstract: Temperature controlled cargo containers may include thermal masses conditioned to temperatures above and/or below a target temperature. Example thermal masses may include plates including phase change materials, such as eutectic materials. One or more fans may be selectively operated to circulate air in the cargo container across one or more of the thermal masses to maintain the temperature within the cargo container within a prescribed temperature band. Some example temperature controlled cargo containers may include refrigeration units and/or heaters for regenerating the thermal masses when receiving power from an external power source and/or may include one or more rechargeable batteries for providing power during transport or storage independent of external power sources.

Abstract: A heat pump comprises an evaporator for evaporating water as a working liquid so as to produce a working vapor, the evaporation taking place at an evaporation pressure of less than 20 hPa. The working vapor is compressed to a working pressure of at least 25 hPa by a dynamic-type compressor so as to then be liquefied within a liquefier by direct contact with liquefier water. The heat pump is preferably an open system, wherein water present in the environment in the form of ground water, sea water, river water, lake water or brine is evaporated, and wherein water which has been liquefied again is fed to the evaporator, to the soil or to a water treatment plant.

Abstract: The distributor unit (10) is coupled to a heat pump (12) and to various circuits for collecting (24, 28, 30) and for delivering (38, 40, 52, 56) heat, with the unit serving to provide selective interconnection therebetween in application of various predetermined combinational schemes for fluid distribution by automatically controlling an integrated network of stop valves (200). The schemes define modes of operation such as natural cooling or freeze-proofing, producing hot water and/or air conditioning from a single installation by optimizing transfers of heat between the circuits so that the heat pump is always operating in its thermodynamically optimum zone.

Abstract: A defense system against pirates which causes pirates and other unauthorized intruders to retreat from the deck of the ship and prevent them from climbing on the board of the ship by spraying hot water from nozzles installed on or above the main deck and along the edges of the hull pointed down towards the sea.

Abstract: A water supply system includes a main water tank and a sub-tank of smaller dimensions than the main tank for supplying hot and cold water for household use. The sub-tank is surrounded by a tubular coil of refrigerant in contact with the sub-tank, a layer of insulation and an outer wall for maintaining the insulation in place and protecting the tubular coil and sub-tank from being damaged. A water heater is disposed in or below a lower part of the tank and a three-way switch is provided for selecting heating or refrigeration during different seasons of the year.

Abstract: To provide an air-conditioning hot-water supply complex system that can simultaneously process a cooling load, a heating load, and a high-temperature hot-water supply load to provide a stable heat source all through the year. The air-conditioning hot-water supply complex system provides a bypass pipe in which a bypass electromagnetic valve is installed in parallel with a heating medium-refrigerant heat exchanger between a gateway of refrigerant piping of the heating medium-refrigerant heat exchanger to control an inflow amount of the refrigerant for hot-water supply to the heating medium-refrigerant heat exchanger by making the refrigerant for hot-water to flow into a bypass pipe by opening and closing the bypass electromagnetic valve.

Abstract: There is provided an air conditioning and hot water supply complex system that can simultaneously treat a cooling load, a heating load and a high-temperature hot water supply load and supply a stable heat source throughout the year. In the air conditioning and hot water supply complex system 100, the outdoor heat exchanger 103 is made up of a plurality of divided heat exchangers 103a, solenoid valves 209 are provided to respective refrigerant pipes connected to the respective divided heat exchanger 103a, and the solenoid valves 209 are opened or closed to control a flow rate of air conditioning refrigerant flowing into the respective divided heat exchangers 103a to thereby adjust the operation range of the air conditioning compressor 101.

Abstract: A refrigerated oven having a cooking chamber in which is provided a heating elements and a refrigeration unit chamber in which is provided a refrigeration unit. The refrigeration unit is fluidly connected to the cooking chamber. Both the heating element and the refrigeration unit are selectively operable to either cool or heat the cooking chamber to thereby cool or heat a food item located therein. The refrigeration unit as preferably modular refrigeration unit that the slid into and out of the refrigeration unit chamber. Preferably, the refrigeration unit includes an evaporator that is thermally isolate is from a condenser. The condenser as preferably conductively coupled to a base supporting the elements of the modular refrigeration unit.

Abstract: A temperature control apparatus including a temperature control head kept in contact with an electronic device as a testing object thermally, an electric heater attached to the temperature control head, a refrigerant passage formed within the temperature control head so as to run through inside thereof, a compressor which compresses refrigerant coming out of the temperature control head, a temperature sensor which detects a temperature of refrigerant on an outlet side of the compressor, a condenser which condenses refrigerant coming out of the compressor, a returning portion which returns refrigerant condensed by the condenser to the temperature control head, and a control portion which bypasses the condensed refrigerant to the intake side of the compressor by a predetermined quantity corresponding to an output of the temperature sensor.

Abstract: A refrigeration apparatus uses a refrigerant that operates in a region including critical processes, and includes a compression mechanism having first and second compressors, a heat-source-side heat exchanger, an expansion mechanism, a utilization-side heat exchanger, an intercooler, and an intermediate refrigerant pipe. The first compressor has a first low-pressure compression element and a first high-pressure compression element to increase pressure of refrigerant more than the first low-pressure compression element. The second compressor has a second low-pressure compression element and a second high-pressure compression element to increase pressure of refrigerant more than the second low-pressure compression element. The intermediate refrigerant pipe causes refrigerant discharged by the first and second low-pressure compression elements to pass through the intercooler and be sucked into first and second high-pressure the compression elements.

Abstract: The invention comprises a Thermal Energy Module comprising a tank adapted to hold water or other heat transfer medium (such as water), a water loop for introducing the heat transfer medium and removing the heat transfer medium, and a refrigeration loop comprising a heat exchanger further comprised of an inlet manifold, a heat transfer structure (such as a micro channel or pipe-in-plate panel) and an outlet manifold wherein the heat exchanger is adapted to transfer thermal energy between the heat transfer structure and the heat transfer medium. The Thermal energy Module may be utilized as a component of a heating and cooling system. Such a Thermal Energy Module may be used to store thermal energy during the day and return it during the evening. Additionally, such a Thermal Energy Module may be implemented as an array of such modules and such array of modules may be adapted to fit within the walls of a building or structure.

Abstract: A refrigeration cycle apparatus (50) includes: a main refrigerant circuit (21) having a compressor (1), a radiator (2), a first expansion mechanism (5), a second expansion mechanism (6), and an evaporator (4); an injection passage (22) for supplying an intermediate-pressure refrigerant to an injection port 1c of the compressor 1; and a water circuit (30) through which water to be heated in the radiator (2) flows. The refrigeration cycle apparatus (50) includes a sub heat exchanger (3) for cooling the water in the water circuit (30) by exchanging heat between the refrigerant in the injection passage (22) and the water to be heated in the radiator (2).

Abstract: A device is disclosed for cooling an energy accumulator in a rail vehicle. According to at least one embodiment of the invention, the energy accumulator has a direct thermal connection to an evaporator and the evaporator and a condenser form part of a circuit of a refrigerator.

Abstract: A liquid circulation heating system includes a heat pump for producing a heated liquid and a heating radiator. The heat pump has a heat pump circuit in which a compressor, a radiator, a decompressor, and an evaporator are connected in series. The heat pump circuit is charged with a zeotropic refrigerant mixture of at least two refrigerants having different boiling points. The system is configured so that the composition ratio of a higher boiling point refrigerant in the refrigerant circulating through the heat pump circuit increases when the liquid supplied to the radiator has a relatively high temperature.

Abstract: Heating equipment, including a first heat exchanger, a compressor, a second heat exchanger, and a first expansion valve that decompresses a refrigerant flowing from the second heat exchanger to the first heat exchanger, are connected so as to circulate the refrigerant. A third heat exchanger provides heat of the refrigerant flowing from the second heat exchanger to the first heat exchanger to the refrigerant flowing from the first heat exchanger toward the compressor. An injection circuit merges part of the refrigerant flowing from the second heat exchanger to the first heat exchanger with the refrigerant that is sucked by the compressor. An injection expansion valve is installed in the injection circuit and decompresses the refrigerant flowing in the injection circuit. A fourth heat exchanger is installed in the injection circuit to supply heat of the refrigerant flowing from the second heat exchanger toward the first heat exchanger to the refrigerant flowing in the injection circuit.

Abstract: A liquid circulation heating system performs air-heating by heating a liquid to produce a heated liquid and releasing heat of the heated liquid from a heating radiator. This liquid circulation heating system includes: a heat pump circuit for circulating a refrigerant, having a radiator for heating the liquid by radiating heat from the refrigerant; and a solar heating apparatus for heating the liquid by solar heat. In this liquid circulation heating system, a first passage passing through the radiator and a second passage passing through the solar heating apparatus are formed as passages through which the liquid flows to produce the heated liquid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and processes of using perfluoropolyether to maintain or improve the oil return, lubrication, cooling capacity, or energy efficiency of a refrigeration, air conditioning or heat transfer system.

Abstract: An air conditioner (10) composed of a refrigerating apparatus includes a controller (90). A heating control section (91) of the controller (90) feeds electric current in an open phase state to an electric motor (62) of a compressor (30) to heat the compressor (30) in operation stop of the air conditioner (10). The heating control section (91) monitors the detection value of an outdoor air temperature sensor (72) during the operation stop of the air conditioner (10) and keeps on stopping feeding the electric current to the electric motor (62) during the time when the detection value decreases.

Abstract: A heating and cooling system for inlet air of a turbine compressor. The heating and cooling system may include a fluid coil positioned about the turbine compressor and a thermal energy storage tank. The fluid coil and the thermal energy storage tank are in fluid communication such that fluid is both provided to the fluid coil from the thermal energy storage tank for exchanging heat with the inlet air and returned to the thermal energy storage tank without further heat exchange.

Abstract: An on-off valve (70) is provided in an oil feed path (43). When liquid refrigerant enters the oil feed pipe (43) from the oil separator (22), the temperature of the liquid refrigerant whose pressure has been reduced in the on-off valve (70) dramatically decreases. When the amount of such a decrease in temperature detected by a temperature sensor (73) exceeds a specified amount, it is determined that the liquid refrigerant enters the oil feed pipe (43), and the on-off valve (70) is closed.

Abstract: A cold energy storage system for a vehicle includes an air-conditioning unit (AU) incorporating an evaporator (6) and a heater core (9), and stores cold energy when a cooling operation is performed and supplements the cooling operation with use of the stored cold energy after the cooling operation is stopped.

Abstract: A beverage forming apparatus, system and cooling method is disclosed. The beverage forming apparatus includes a container to contain a beverage, a detaching device to scrape frozen particles of the beverage from an inner surface of the container, a cooling medium to cool the beverage to a predetermined temperature, and a motor to provide a relative motion between the container and detaching device. The beverage forming and dispensing system includes an inlet hose to dispense a beverage into the system, a beverage forming apparatus to form the beverage with frozen microscopic particles of the beverage, a tap to dispense the beverage with the frozen microscopic particles of the beverage to a container, and a defrost apparatus to defrost the frozen microscopic particles of the beverage.