Abstract: Compositions and methods comprising metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and related uses are generally provided. In some embodiments, a MOF comprises a plurality of metal ions, each coordinated with at least one ligand comprising at least two sets of ortho-diimine groups arranged about an organic core.

Abstract: A method of decoloring an ionic liquid includes preparing a discolored ionic liquid, and decoloring the discolored ionic liquid through irradiation with UV rays. An ionic liquid that is discolored due to heat treatment upon purification is decolored and can thus be reused. The method of decoloring the ionic liquid is effective because an ionic liquid, which is discolored due to heat treatment upon purification, can be decolored in a simple manner and also because an ionic liquid, which is discolored and is thus difficult to apply to the purification of an organic material, can be decolored in a simple manner, and can thus be reused in the form of a high-purity ionic liquid.

Abstract: Compositions and methods comprising metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and related uses are generally provided. In some embodiments, a MOF comprises a plurality of metal ions, each coordinated with at least one ligand comprising at least two sets of ortho-diimine groups arranged about an organic core.

Abstract: The present teachings describe a process for converting a HOGaPc Type I polymorph to the HOGaPc Type V polymorph. The process includes obtaining a slurry comprising hydroxy gallium phthalocyanine (HOGaPc) Type I polymorph. The slurry is mixed at a resonant frequency of the slurry by applying a low frequency acoustic field for a time sufficient to convert the HOGaPc Type I polymorph to the HOGaPc Type V polymorph.

Abstract: The present invention includes a composition comprising an alkyne-based substrate, an azide-based substrate, a Cu(II) salt and a photoinducible reducing agent. The present invention further includes a method of immobilizing a chemical structure in a given pattern onto a section of the surface of a solid substrate, using the photoinducible Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition Click reaction.

Abstract: The present invention relates in general to the field of organic chemistry and in particular to the preparation of N-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-isopropyl-5-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-N-methylmethanesulfonamide (I), N-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(bromomethyl)-6-isopropylpyrimidin-2-yl)-N-methylmethanesulfonamide (II) and N-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-6-isopropylpyrimidin-2-yl)-N-methylmethanesulfonamide (III), key intermediates in preparation of Rosuvastatin.

Abstract: The presently disclosed subject matter demonstrates that a spin state which has zero magnetic resonance signal, but an extremely long lifetime, can be used to store magnetization, which can then be recovered into an observable transition. Coupled with hyper-polarization techniques, this permits the preparation of a wide range of contrast agent molecules for use in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques that have long effective relaxation time.

Abstract: A novel synthesis method of a triarylpyrazine derivative, in particular, a manufacturing method by which a triarylpyrazine derivative, in specific, a 2,3,5-triarylpyrazine derivative in which an aryl group at a 5-position includes a substituent having an electron-withdrawing property can be synthesized with high yield as compared to a conventional method is provided. By using a synthesis method in which a mixture including a 1-aryl-2-(methylsulfinyl)ethanone derivative, meso-1,2-diarylethylenediamine, and a dehydrogenation agent is irradiated with a microwave to be reacted, the above object is achieved.

Abstract: Advantageous microwave-assisted methods for synthesis of fluorinated phthalocyanines are provided. The microwave-assisted methods offer enhanced yields, substantially eliminate reaction solvents, and facilitate purification relative to conventional synthesis techniques. Typical implementation involve a reaction mixture that includes perfluoro-phthalonitrile that is reacted in a vessel with application of microwave energy for a reaction period sufficient to yield a fluorinated phthalocyanine. The fluorinated phthalocyanines synthesized according to the disclosed microwave-assisted methods have wide ranging applications, e.g., corrosion-related applications, coating-related applications, catalysis, and the production of optical and electronic materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing substituted 2-aminobiphenyls and to a process for preparing (Het)arylamides of such 2-aminobiphenyls.

Abstract: The present invention relates to oxidative degradation products of atorvastatin calcium and the process of the preparation thereof. The present invention also relates to atorvastatin calcium substantially free of oxidative degradation products and the pharmaceutical compositions containing such atorvastatin calcium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to photolabile or photoreleasable compounds including a caging moiety linked to an effector moiety, wherein the compounds are capable of releasing the effector moiety on irradiation, typically by flash irradiation with light. These compounds are particularly suitable for focal 2-photon uncaging The photoreleasable compounds can be used to deliver effector moieties such as carboxylic acids, preferably, neuroactive amino acids to sites where their activity is required. In preferred embodiments of the invention, the caging moiety is based on 4-carboxymethoxy-5,7-dinitroinlinyl and derivatives thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ionic liquid compound of general formula C+A?, where C+ represents an organic cation such as alkyl-pyridinium, di-alkyl imidazolium and tri-alkyl imidazolium; and A? is an anion of halides of iron (III), such as, for example, FeCl4? and to a method of producing the ionic liquid compound by heating the reactants using microwave energy. The ionic liquids can be used to desulfurize hydrocarbon mixtures by a liquid-liquid extraction.

Abstract: A novel synthesis method of a triarylpyrazine derivative, in particular, a manufacturing method by which a triarylpyrazine derivative, in specific, a 2,3,5-triarylpyrazine derivative in which an aryl group at a 5-position includes a substituent having an electron-withdrawing property can be synthesized with high yield as compared to a conventional method is provided. By using a synthesis method in which a mixture including a 1-aryl-2-(methylsulfinyl)ethanone derivative, meso-1,2-diarylethylenediamine, and a dehydrogenation agent is irradiated with a microwave to be reacted, the above object is achieved.

Abstract: Provides is a porphylleren compound (and methods for preparation thereof) according to formula (I) where the residues A1, A2 A3, and A4 independently are a group containing 1 to 40 carbon atoms and at least one carboxylic group, the residues R, R? and R? independently are hydrogen or a group containing 1 to 80 carbon atoms, M is 2 H or an element capable of complexing with pyrrole nitrogen atom and L is a linking group and B is a fullerene residue.

Abstract: The present invention provides an innovative method based on reaction cum separation on single plate concept for efficient evaluation of porphyrins, calix(4)pyrroles and allied macrocycles by in-situ synthesis from pyrrole with aromatic aldehydes and ketones over zeolite based molecular sieve catalysts as sorbents in thin layer chromatography (TLC) using microwave heating. This glass backed zeolite coated TLC plate acts as a micro reactor as well as separator for the in-situ synthesis and chromatographic separation of macrocycles. The process is simple, economical, rapid, selective and finds a possible application in high throughput parallel synthesis and screening on a single micro plate employing microwave irradiation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel calix pyrroles and a process for synthesis of calix (4) pyrroles by reacting pyrrole with cyclic or acyclic ketones in dichloro methane (DCM) solvent over molecular sieve catalysts which provides an eco-friendly, more economical and selective heterogeneous method.

Abstract: The present invention is draw to microwave heating of a transition metal-catalysed organic reaction, in which a catalyst complex between a transition metal and an auxiliary ligand or ligands, the ligand being asymmetric or symmetric, monodentate or bidentate, results in highly chemoselective, regioselective, and stereoselective allylic substitution reactions. Molybdenum or palladium complexes form suitable catalytic systems with a plethora of ligands in a variety of solvents for such microwave facilitated nucleophilic substitution reactions.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved process for synthesis of porphyrin compounds of the general formula 1 from pyrrole and aromatic aldehyde over zeolite molecular sieve catalysts using microwave heating, (solvent free) to provide an eco-friendly, economical, faster and selective heterogeneous method.

Abstract: This invention provides a novel process for preparing soluble phthalocyanines by microwave irradiation in the absence of any organic solvent. Three different starting materials, i.e. t-butylphthalic anhydride, t-butyl phthalonitrile and metal-free H2Pc (tetra-t-butylphthalocyanine) have been adopted , respectively. The starting material with proper metal compound, such as chloride or acetate were irradiated in a commercial microwave oven for a period of 1 to 30 minutes at a power of 200˜900 W. This process is noted to reduce drastically reaction time of MPc formation from 8˜24 hours to 10˜30 minutes due to its unique heating by microwave irradiation. Sandwiched type MPc2(such as Lu Pc2) can be produced only through metal replacement from metal-free phthalocyanine by microwave irradiation.

Abstract: This invention provides a novel process for preparing soluble phthalocyanines by microwave irradiation in the absence of any organic solvent. Three different starting materials, i.e. t-butylphthalic anhydride, t-butyl phthalonitrile and metal-free H2Pc (tetra-t-butylphthalocyanine) have been adopted, respectively. The starting material with proper metal compound, such as chloride or acetate were irradiated in a commercial microwave oven for a period of 1 to 30 minutes at a power of 200˜900 W. This process is noted to reduce drastically reaction time of MPc formation from 8˜24 hours to 10˜30 minutes due to its unique heating by microwave irradiation. Sandwiched type MPc2 (such as Lu Pc2) can be produced only through metal replacement from metal-free phthalocyanine by microwave irradiation.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved process for synthesis of porphyrin compounds of the general formula 1 1