Abstract: A gas generating device of present invention is generated a first gas at a first carbon electrode by applying a voltage between said first carbon electrode and a second electrode to electrolyzing an electrolytic solution. The first carbon electrode is an anode or a cathode. The first carbon electrode is provided with a plurality of fine gas flow channels which selectively pass said first gas generated on one surface of said first carbon electrode to the other surface without allowing said electrolytic solution to permeate therethrough.

Abstract: An electrolytic system for generating hydrogen gas includes a pair of electrodes and an electrolyte. The electrolyte includes colloidal silver, colloidal magnesium, and a nano-metal comprising nano-nickel, nano-iron or a nano-nickel-iron alloy. The electrodes include a first electrode of a non-magnetic material. A second electrode includes an electrode precursor of a magnetic material or an electro-magnet. When in its magnetic state, the electrode precursor exerts a magnetic force of sufficient strength to pull the nano-metal of the electrolyte onto at least a portion of its surfaces, to form the second electrode.

Abstract: Systems and processes for producing hydrogen using bacteria are described. One detailed process for producing hydrogen uses a system for producing hydrogen as described herein, the system including a reactor. Anodophilic bacteria are disposed within the interior of the reactor and an organic material oxidizable by an oxidizing activity of the anodophilic bacteria is introduced and incubated under oxidizing reactions conditions such that electrons are produced and transferred to the anode. A power source is activated to increase a potential between the anode and the cathode, such that electrons and protons combine to produce hydrogen gas. In one system for producing hydrogen is provided which includes a reaction chamber having a wall defining an interior of the reactor and an exterior of the reaction chamber.

Abstract: A high pressure proton exchange membrane based water electrolyzer system that may include a series of proton exchange membrane (PEM) cells that may be electrically coupled together and coupled to a proton exchange membrane to form a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) that is spiral wound onto a conductive center post, wherein an innermost PEM cell of the MEA may be electrically connected with the conductive center post, or center electrode, and wherein an outermost PEM cell of the MEA may be electrically coupled to pressure vessel cylinder, or outer electrode. Each PEM cell may include an anode portion and a cathode portion separated by a portion of the PEM membrane. In addition, a non-permeable separator layer may also be spiral wound around the conductive center post and separates the wound portions of the PEM core.

Abstract: Anode and cathode separator plates are suitable for use in ion pumps for converting an input stream such as reformate into a pressurized and purified hydrogen-rich gas stream. The plates may include a single cathode outlet opening forming a portion of cathode output gas manifold, an anode inlet opening forming a portion of an inlet gas stream manifold and being sized larger than inlet cathode outlet opening, the distance of the anode inlet opening to an edge of the plate being less than the distance of the cathode outlet opening from an edge of the plate, and the size of the fluid flow channel of the anode separator plate being smaller than the size of the fluid flow channel of the cathode separator plate. Methods for forming the plates and infrastructure systems are also disclosed.

Abstract: An electrode for effective ozone production in an electrochemical cell uses a modified electrode design which adopts a novel catalytic component. The catalytic component has a number of elements selected from various metals and metalloids, and is applied to a substrate in multiple coatings or layers. The catalytic component forms a catalytic surface which is at least partially disrupted by the presence of an element which is relatively inactive with respect to oxygen evolution.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is a method and an apparatus for underwater decomposition of organic content of aqueous waste solutions, involving the measurement and, if necessary, adjustment of the pH and electric conductivity of the solution, maintaining optimum pH and/or electric conductivity during the process, and further involving the partial or total decomposition of organic materials contained by the solution. The apparatus comprises a feed tank, at least one decomposition loop, and a storage tank. The method according to the invention is characterized by submerging electrodes in the solution, producing and maintaining an electric arc between the electrodes and the electrically conductive the solution, where the arc is produced by an electric current of at least 0.

Abstract: An apparatus for the removal of gasses from a number of electrolysis cells, including a suction duct for each cell, each suction duct being connected to a central manifold with a gas treatment centre and a central suction fan. A flow restriction device is provided in each suction duct. One or more additional ductworks are provided. Each additional ductwork is for one or more suction ducts. Each additional ductwork has a branch for each suction duct, the branch being connected to the suction duct between the electrolysis cell and the flow restriction device, which one or more branches are connected to a booster duct in which an on/off valve is present. One or more booster ducts are connected to a booster manifold connected to the central manifold. A booster fan is provided in the booster manifold. A method for performing an electrolysis process is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for electrolysis-based generation of hydrogen and oxygen to enhance combustion. A hydrogen generating apparatus comprises an electrolysis cell, the electrolysis cell electrically connected to a power source, an outlet for directing effluent gases from the electrolysis cell, and a scrubber for using a scrubbing medium to remove contaminants from the effluent gas flow. In another option, a first mesh electrode may be situated within the electrolysis cell and electrically connected to a power source, a second mesh electrode may be situated within the electrolysis cell and electrically connected to the power source, and a membrane may be situated between the first mesh electrode and the second mesh electrode which may be immersed within the aqueous solution.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrochemical gas generator including a substrate for providing a surface for electrode deposition, a first electrode deposited on the surface for providing an electrical connection with a conducting medium, a second electrode deposited on the substrate for generating a gas, and a plurality of members extending from at least one side of the first electrode placed alternately with a plurality of extensions protruding from at least one side of the second electrode for improving generator efficiency.

Abstract: The apparatus for producing a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen is disclosed, which comprises an outer plate member unit 10 in which a plurality of first plate members 11 having a main hole 11a in its center and a circular gasket 11a 13 having a certain thickness and surrounding the main hole 11a are alternately installed; front and rear covers 30 and 40 which are installed in the front and rear sides of the outer plate member unit 10 and fixes the inner plate member unit 20 spaced apart from an inner side of the main hole 11a and is insulated from the inner plate member unit 20; a water supply hole 50 which is formed in the front cover 30 for supplying water to the electrolyte space 10a; and a gas discharge hole 50 which is formed in the front cover 30 for discharging a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen, wherein the first plate members 11 form a body, and the main holes 11a of the first plate member 11 form a cylinder, and the inner side of the circular gaskets 13 and the main holes 11a form an electrolyte space 1

Abstract: An electrolyser module comprising a plurality of structural plates each having a sidewall extending between opposite end faces with a half cell chamber opening and at least two degassing chamber openings extending through the structural plate between the opposite end faces.

Abstract: A gas generating apparatus for use with an internal combustion engine, the apparatus comprising a reactor including a housing, at least one anode and at least one cathode located within the housing, an electrolyte input and a gas output, wherein the at least one anode and the at least one cathode are electrically connected to an electrical energy source; the electrolyte input is adapted to provide in use a flow of electrolyte such that a substantially constant volume of electrolyte is maintained within the reactor; and the gas output is in fluid communication with an air inlet of the engine, whereby in use the electrolyte is broken down to a gas in the reactor and the product gas is supplied to the engine.

Abstract: A cooking appliance comprising an electrolyzer which produces a combustible fuel, a burner downstream from the electrolyzer, and, an electrically heatable cooking surface on which food is receivable for cooking, the electrically heatable cooking surface being operable simultaneously with the electrolyzer.

Abstract: An electrode cartridge, a hydrogen generating apparatus and a fuel cell power generation system equipped with the electrode cartridge and hydrogen generating apparatus are disclosed. The electrode cartridge can include an anode configured to generate electrons in an electrolyte solution, a cathode configured to generate hydrogen from the electrolyte solution by receiving the electrons at the anode, a liquid-gas separation membrane, which is disposed to surround the anode and the cathode, configured to separate the hydrogen from the electrolyte solution and discharge the hydrogen to the outside, and a support configured to support the liquid-gas separation membrane for preventing an expansion of the liquid-gas separation membrane. The electrode cartridge of the present invention can prevent an effect of electrolyte solution flowing backwards when generating hydrogen as well as an effect of electrolyte solution leak when moving.

Abstract: A solar electrolysis power co-generation system includes a solar electrolysis source and a control unit. The solar electrolysis source includes a solar panel, an electrolysis unit, a hermetically sealed compressor, a hydrogen tank, and a hydrogen-powered fuel cell and produces, compresses, and stores hydrogen gas that is used to fuel the fuel cell. The control unit includes an inverter, a microprocessor, and a modem. The control unit connects the solar electrolysis power source with a power grid and with an individual consumer having an electrical load. The power co-generation system utilizes the electrolysis of water and solar energy to power a fuel cell. The energy produced with the fuel cell may be provided to an existing power gird as well as to an individual consumer. Further a method for decentralized power co-generation includes the step of providing a plurality of solar electrolysis power co-generation systems.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method for the dissociation of water into H.sub.2 and O.sub.2 gas. The system and method disclose a reaction vessel having at least one radiolysis apparatus, at least one photolysis apparatus, and at least one electrolysis apparatus, all in communication with said reaction vessel. The reaction vessel has a body, a first end and a second end defining an interior. Further, the reaction vessel has an inlet for receiving water from a water supply into its interior and at least two outlet ports to allows H.sub.2 or O.sub.2 to egress therefrom. Still further, at least one catalyst is located within the interior of the reaction vessel. The radiolysis apparatus, photolysis apparatus, and electrolysis apparatus, in combination the with the catalyst provides for the dissociation of water into H.sub.2 and O.sub.2.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to cell plates for an electrolyser module and to an electrolyser module incorporating the plates. The plates comprise an electrolysis chamber opening, at least one degassing chamber opening, and at least one gas-liquid conduit opening. The plates further comprise a channel connecting the electrolysis chamber opening and the gas-liquid conduit opening. The present invention is directed further to a process and apparatus for separating a gas-liquid mixture generated at an electrolysis cell.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a substrate processing apparatus useful for plating a substrate or processing a substrate by dipping a substrate in a processing liquid. A substrate processing apparatus of the present invention includes: a loading/unloading area for carrying in and out a substrate; a cleaning area for cleaning the substrate; and a plating area for plating the substrate. The loading/unloading area is provided with a substrate transfer robot having a plurality of hands of dry-use design, a loading port mounted with a cassette for housing substrates, and a reversing machine of dry-use design for reversing the substrate from face up to face down.

Abstract: A cell for gas generation is provided, particularly for the operation of a lubricant dispenser. The cell has two electrodes to be connected to a circuit containing a power source, and an aqueous electrolyte fluid located between the two electrodes, containing an azide having the formula XN3, for electrochemical generation of a gas containing nitrogen (N2). The electrolyte fluid contains a magnesium salt as an additive, for chemical binding of hydroxide ions that are formed during the electrochemical reaction.

Abstract: A gas generator is provided in which the filter life is prolonged and the pressure regulating valve is thereby protected for a prolonged periods. The gas generator is intended for electrolyzing an electrolyte in an electrolytic cell to generate a gas or gases and comprises at least one absorber for absorbing an unnecessary by-products generated from the gas generator, a filter for removing the mist generated from the absorber, and at least one pressure regulating valve for adjusting the pressure in the electrolytic cell, wherein the filter is inserted downstream from the absorber and, further, the pressure regulating valve is disposed downstream from the filter.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for generating a water electrolytic gas, wherein an electrolyte inlet is formed in the bottom of an electrolytic cell for generation of a water electrolytic gas, and an outlet is formed in the top thereof for the extraction of a mixture of an electrolyte and a generated gas. In the electrolytic cell, an anode and a cathode are provided, and an alkali electrolyte spinning and passing portion are arranged between these electrodes. With this arrangement, water electrolysis is performed, and a mixture of the electrolyte and a water electrolytic gas is extracted from the upper end of the electrolytic cell and transferred to a water electrolytic gas/electrolyte separation cell. A gas-liquid separation process extracts only the water electrolytic gas to the exterior, while the electrolyte is returned to the electrolytic cell by an electrolyte circulation device, to continue the performance of the electrolytic reaction.

Abstract: Devices, systems and methods for improved electrical appliances which allow for efficient and safe production of hydrogen and oxygen gas for a flame are disclosed. An appliance for providing gas for combustion may comprise a water inlet, a power source, and an electrolyzer with at least one electrolysis transistor generating hydrogen and oxygen. The appliance may also comprise a gas handling unit for collecting the output of the electrolyzer and transporting it to a burner, and an output interface.

Abstract: Devices, systems and methods for improved electrical appliances which allow for efficient and safe production of hydrogen and oxygen gas for internal combustion engines and the like are disclosed. An appliance for providing gas for combustion may comprise a water inlet, a power source, and an electrolyzer with at least one electrolysis transistor generating hydrogen and oxygen. The appliance may also comprise a gas handling unit for collecting the output of the electrolyzer and transporting it to an engine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for producing elementary oxygen or for increasing the concentration thereof in the inhaled air of a user. According to the invention, water is split into hydrogen and elementary oxygen by means of electrical energy (electrolysis), the elementary oxygen is mixed with the inhaled air, and the hydrogen is mixed with the surrounding air in order to be converted back into water (fuel reaction). The splitting of the water into hydrogen and elementary oxygen and the conversion of the hydrogen and surrounding air into water take place simultaneously and continuously, forming a reaction circuit, and are coupled to each other, the electrical energy produced during the conversion being used to reduce the energy demand for the splitting.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are set forth capable of processing a substrate with a high uniformity within the surface area even for a thin feeding layer. The method comprises arranging a counter electrode and the substrate to confront each other; providing a membrane between the counter electrode and the substrate to define a substrate side region and a counter electrode side region. The substrate side region and the counter electrode side region are capable of accommodating respective electrolytes. The substrate side region and the counter electrode side region are supplied with respective electrolytes having different specific resistances. A processing current is also supplied between the substrate and the counter electrode.

Abstract: Systems and processes for producing hydrogen using bacteria are described. One detailed process for producing hydrogen uses a system for producing hydrogen as described herein, the system including a reactor. Anodophilic bacteria are disposed within the interior of the reactor and an organic material oxidizable by an oxidizing activity of the anodophilic bacteria is introduced and incubated under oxidizing reactions conditions such that electrons are produced and transferred to the anode. A power source is activated to increase a potential between the anode and the cathode, such that electrons and protons combine to produce hydrogen gas. One system for producing hydrogen includes a reaction chamber having a wall defining an interior of the reactor and an exterior of the reaction chamber. An anode is provided which is at least partially contained within the interior of the reaction chamber and a cathode is also provided which is at least partially contained within the interior of the reaction chamber.

Abstract: An electro-catalyst for the oxidation of ammonia in alkaline media; the electrocatalyst being a noble metal co-deposited on a support with one or more other metals that are active to ammonia oxidation. In some embodiments, the support is platinum, gold, tantalum, or iridium. In some embodiments, the support has a layer of Raney metal deposited thereon prior to the deposition of the catalyst. Also provided are electrodes having the electro-catalyst deposited thereon, ammonia electrolytic cells, ammonia fuel cells, ammonia sensors, and a method for removing ammonia contaminants from a contaminated effluent.

Abstract: An apparatus for splitting water to produce hydrogen having at least one photoelectrochemical cell. The photoelectrochemical cell includes at least one water permeable photoelectrode having a light sensitive, nano-crystalline catalytic material layer, a polymer electrolyte membrane, a metallic substrate disposed between the light sensitive nano-crystalline catalytic material layer and the polymer electrolyte membrane adjacent to the polymer electrolyte membrane layer, and at least one photovoltaic device connected in series to the light sensitive nano-crystalline material layer and disposed between the light sensitive nano-crystalline catalytic material layer and the metallic substrate layer.

Abstract: A hydrogen-oxygen gas generator comprising an electrolytic cell, an electrode group formed from an anode and a cathode mutually installed in that electrolytic cell, a power supply for applying a voltage across the anode and cathode, a gas trapping means for collecting the hydrogen-oxygen gas generated by electrolyzing the electrolyte fluid and a vibration-stirring means. The gas trapping means is comprised of a lid member installed on the electrolytic cell, a hydrogen-gas extraction tube connecting to the hydrogen-oxygen gas extraction outlet of that lid member. A vibration-stirring means for stirring and agitating the electrolytic fluid is supported by support tables. The distance between the adjacent positive electrode and negative electrode within the electrode group is set within a range of 1 to 20 millimeters.

Abstract: A solar electrolysis power source includes a solar panel, an electrolysis unit, a hermetically sealed compressor, a hydrogen tank, and a fuel cell. By utilizing the electrolysis of water powered by solar energy, the solar electrolysis power source enables a safe, environmentally benign, and cost-effective method of power generation. Furthermore, by combining the production, the compression, the storage of hydrogen, as well as the delivery of the hydrogen to the fuel cell in one hermetically sealed unit currently existing problems with the production, storage delivery, and refueling of hydrogen can be eliminated. The solar electrolysis power source uses hydrogen gas that is hermetically sealed from production to use.

Abstract: An apparatus for creating hydrogen from the disassociation of water using sunlight (photoelectrolysis) is provided. The system utilizes an aqueous fluid filled container which functions both to hold the water to be disassociated and as a light collecting lens. A photovoltaic module is positioned at a point to most efficiently accept the refracted light from the fluid filled container. A pair of electrodes which are coupled to the photovoltaic module are disposed within the fluid and configured to split the water into hydrogen and oxygen.

Abstract: A device and system useful for highly efficient chemical and electrochemical reactions is described. The device comprises a preferably porous electrode and a plurality of suspended nanoparticles diffused within the void volume of the electrode when used within an electrolyte. The device is suitable within a system having a first and second chamber preferably positioned vertically or in other special arrangements with respect to each other, and each chamber containing an electrode and electrolyte with suspended nanoparticles therein. When reactive metal particles are diffused into the electrode structure and suspended in electrolyte by gasses, a fluidized bed is established. The reaction efficiency is increased and products can be produced at a higher rate. When an electrolysis device can be operated such that incoming reactants and outgoing products enter and exit from opposite faces of an electrode, reaction rate and efficiency are improved.

Abstract: A hydrogen generating apparatus and a fuel cell power generation system are disclosed. The hydrogen generating apparatus may include: an electrolyte bath, which contains an electrolyte solution; a first electrode, which is coupled to one side within the electrolyte bath, and which is configured to generate electrons; and a second electrode, which is coupled to the one side within the electrolyte bath with a predetermined distance from the first electrode, and which is configured to generate hydrogen using the electrons and the electrolyte solution. The apparatus can be structured to have electrodes and conductive coating layers secured to the inside of the electrolyte bath, to reduce resistance between the electrodes and an external circuit and facilitate the movement of electrons.

Abstract: A hydrogen generating apparatus and a fuel cell power generation system are disclosed. The hydrogen generating apparatus may include an electrolyte bath, which contains an electrolyte solution; a first electrode, which is stacked on a surface inside the electrolyte bath, and which generates electrons; a moisture absorption layer, which is stacked on the first electrode, and which absorbs moisture from the electrolyte solution; and a second electrode, which is stacked on the moisture absorption layer, and which generates hydrogen using the electrons and the electrolyte solution. With this apparatus, the electrodes can be formed as thin films, whereby the number of electrodes can be increased and -the gaps between electrodes can be decreased, to increase the amount of hydrogen generation. Also, the flow of electrons can be controlled, using a control unit, in accordance to the amount of hydrogen or amount of electrical power required by the fuel cell.

Abstract: A device and process is presented for producing hydrogen peroxide on an as needed basis is disclosed. The process and device produces hydrogen peroxide on a small scale without the addition of chemicals and disposal of waste streams.

Abstract: The invention provides electrolytes for the electrochemical generation of nitrogen gas by anodic oxidation of triazole and tetrazole derivatives. Electrolytic cells incorporating these electrolytes are also disclosed. The nitrogen gas so produced may be useful to actuate mechanical transducers in fluid dispensers.

Abstract: The current invention relates to a means for improving heat removal from the inside of an electrochemical device to the outer surface so as to reduce thermal stresses in the device, thereby allowing for increased oxygen production. A means for conducting heat toward the outer edge is provided. The means for conducting heat comprises at least one of silver, gold, platinum, rhodium, and palladium.

Abstract: The present invention describes an apparatus for the production on site of a solution of sodium hypochlorite. It is based on the electrolysis of a dilute solution of sodium chloride and operates in flow through mode. Its main use is the potabilization of drinking water. Other uses include the production of sterilizing solutions for washing, wound disinfection, etc. It can be powered by a solar photovoltaic module (PVM), and it is portable in order to be easily transported in remote areas or emergency situations where chemicals or electricity are not available. The flow through operation is based on a gas lifting mechanism, the gas being hydrogen generated during the electrolysis of the sodium chloride solution. Therefore no moving parts are employed for pumping the solution through the electrolytic cell.

Abstract: An oxygen emitter which is an electrolytic cell is disclosed. When the anode and cathode are separated by a critical distance, very small microbubbles and nanobubbles of oxygen are generated. The very small oxygen bubbles remain in suspension, forming a solution supersaturated in oxygen. A flow-through model for oxygenating flowing water is disclosed. The use of supersaturated water for enhancing the growth of plants is disclosed. Methods for applying supersaturated water to plants manually, by drip irrigation or in hydroponic culture are described. The treatment of waste water by raising the dissolved oxygen with the use of an oxygen emitter is disclosed.

Abstract: An ionically conductive ceramic element includes a central unit (703). The central unit (703) is composed of a plurality of integrated manifold and tube modules (IMAT) (22) joined end to end along a central axis (A). Each IMAT module (22) has a tube support portion (804) and a plurality of tubes (802) extending from the first surface (803). The tubes (802) each have a closed end (805) and an open end. The second surface (807) is at least partially open to the atmosphere. The open ends of the tubes (802) are open to the atmosphere through the second surface (807). An interior space (830) is formed in the interior of the IMAT (22) for collecting a desired product gas. A collection tube (710) is operable joined with a first end (714) of the central unit (703) for transporting the desired product gas collected in the interior space (730) of the connected IMAT modules (22).

Abstract: The present invention provides a system for generating hydrogen gas in an aqueous solution based electrolytic or galvanic cell wherein the cathode is made from aluminum or an aluminum alloy. In a preferred arrangement the cell is a galvanic cell and cathode is made from aluminum or aluminum alloy and the anode is made from magnesium or magnesium alloy.

Abstract: An object is to provide an air bacteria removal device in which leakage of electrolytic water to the outside is eliminated as much as possible and in which maintenance can easily be performed, the air bacteria removal device comprises a main body including a water storage section having a sealed or semi-sealed structure in which the electrolytic water is stored, and a water absorption member for supplying the electrolytic water from the water storage section to an air-liquid contact member by use of a capillary phenomenon, the air-liquid contact member and the water absorption member are integrated and detachably attached to the main body, the water absorption member attached to this main body enters the water storage section, and is submerged into the electrolytic water, and the water storage section is brought into a sealed or semi-sealed state.

Abstract: Chambers, systems, and methods for electrochemically processing microfeature workpieces are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, an electrochemical deposition chamber includes a processing unit having a first flow system configured to convey a flow of a first processing fluid to a microfeature workpiece. The chamber further includes an electrode unit having an electrode and a second flow system configured to convey a flow of a second processing fluid at least proximate to the electrode. The chamber further includes a nonporous barrier between the processing unit and the electrode unit to separate the first and second processing fluids. The nonporous barrier is configured to allow cations or anions to flow through the barrier between the first and second processing fluids.

Abstract: Chambers, systems, and methods for electrochemically processing microfeature workpieces are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, an electrochemical deposition chamber includes a processing unit having a first flow system configured to convey a flow of a first processing fluid to a microfeature workpiece. The chamber further includes an electrode unit having a plurality of electrodes and a second flow system configured to convey a flow of a second processing fluid at least proximate to the electrodes. The chamber further includes a barrier between the processing unit and the electrode unit to separate the first and second processing fluids. The barrier can be a porous, permeable barrier or a nonporous, semipermeable barrier.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing oxygen and hydrogen that uses only simplified electronic functions is shown in FIG. 1 and is described herein. The apparatus includes a container holding a solution such as water and multiple, closely-spaced, flat-plate electrodes arranged sequentially within the container and submerged in the solution. A power supply provides a constant voltage signal to the even numbered electrodes, and the odd numbered electrodes are grounded. The number and size of the electrodes are determined by the size of the engine being regulated.

Abstract: A hydrogen-oxygen gas generator comprises an electrolytic bath (10A), a pair of electrodes composed of an anode member (2x) and cathode member (2y) both disposed in the bath, a power supply (34) for applying voltage between the anode and cathode members, vibratory mixing means (16) for vibratively mixing the electrolyte (14) in the bath, and gas collecting means for collecting the hydrogen-oxygen gas generated by the electrolysis using the electrolyte. The gas collecting means includes a lid member (10B) annexed to the electrolytic bath (10A) and a hydrogen-oxygen gas collecting pipe (10B?) connected to the hydrogen-oxygen gas output port (10B?). The vibratory mixing means (16) includes a vibrating motor (16d) vibrating at 10 Hz to 500 Hz and vibrating blades (16f) attached to a vibrating rod (16e) not rotatably but vibrating in the electrolytic bath interlockingly with the vibrating motor.

Abstract: A miniature, battery-like device is described for the generation of gases or as a power source or battery. The generation of carbon dioxide and hydrogen by electrochemical decomposition of an aqueous oxalic acid solution is detailed. One of the electrodes of the internally located electrochemical cell is in intimate contact with the cathode cap of the device, while the other electrode is under compression from an internal spring of variable length which is in electrical contact with the anode cap. The low-cost device is easy to fill and assemble. It can be used for the controlled release of small quantities of fluid, delivered at low flow rates for long periods of time, such as pheromones, fragrances, insecticides, pesticides. It can also be used as power source using liquid fuels such as methanol and ambient air as a source of oxygen.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrochemical gas generator including a substrate for providing a surface for electrode deposition, a first electrode deposited on the surface for providing an electrical connection with a conducting medium, a second electrode deposited on the substrate for generating a gas, and a plurality of members extending from at least one side of the first electrode placed alternately with a plurality of extensions protruding from at least one side of the second electrode for improving generator efficiency.

Abstract: A ceramic oxygen generator is described which is capable of modular construction to permit the oxygen generation capacity to be expanded. An ionically conducted ceramic electrolyte is formed into a series of rows and columns of tubes on a tube support member and like electrolyte bodies can be connected together to form a manifold therebetween of oxygen produced in the interiors of the rubes. An electrical connection between tubes is formed such that the anodes and cathodes of tubes in a column are connected in parallel while the tubes in the row are, respectively, connected anode to cathode to form a series connection.