Abstract: In one exemplary embodiment, a system for reacting a first feed can include a petroleum fraction having at least about 90%, by volume, with a boiling point of at least about 300° C. The system can include a bubble column reactor. The bubble column reactor, in turn, can include a first inlet for the first feed and a second inlet for a second feed including a gas rich in hydrogen. In addition, the petroleum fraction may be in counter-current flow with respect to the gas rich in hydrogen inside the bubble column reactor.

Abstract: An aromatics hydrogenation catalyst composition which comprises a noble metal component and a support comprising zirconia, silica, and, optionally, alumina. The catalyst composition is manufactured by co-mulling silica, a zirconium compound, and, optionally, alumina to form a mixture that is formed into a shape, such as by extrusion to form an extrudate, with the shape being calcined and noble metal being incorporated into the shape. The catalyst composition may be used in the saturation of aromatic compounds.

Abstract: Systems and methods for extracting, handling and upgrading liquid-based carbonaceous material. The systems and methods involve forming a reaction mixture of a liquid-based carbonaceous material, a supercritical fluid, a catalyst and a source of hydrogen, and maintaining the reaction mixture at moderate temperatures for modest time periods. Exemplary reaction temperatures are those below 200° C. Exemplary reaction times range from 30 minutes to less than 24 hours.

Abstract: New sulfided metal catalysts are described, containing a metal X selected from Ni, Co and mixtures thereof, a metal Y selected from Mo, W and mixtures thereof, an element Z selected from Si, Al and mixtures thereof, and possibly an organic residue, obtained by the sulfidation of mixed oxide precursors, also new, having general formula (A) XaYbZcOd.

Abstract: A process for producing fuel from biomass is disclosed herein. The process includes torrefying biomass material at a temperature between 80° C. to 400° C. to form particulated biomass having a mean average particle size between 1 ?m and 1000 ?m. The particulated biomass is mixed with a liquid hydrocarbon to form a suspension, wherein the suspension includes from 1 weight percent to 40 weight percent particulated biomass. The suspension is fed into a unit selected from the group consisting of a pyrolysis reactor, a fluid catalytic cracking unit, a delayed coker, a fluid coker, a hydroprocessing unit, and a hydrocracking unit, and then at least a portion of the particulated biomass of the suspension is converted into fuel.

Abstract: This invention relates to a crystalline molecular sieve having, in its as-synthesized form, an X-ray diffraction pattern including d-spacing maxima at 13.18±0.25 and 12.33±0.23 Angstroms, wherein the peak intensity of the d-spacing maximum at 13.18±0.25 Angstroms is at least as great as 90% of the peak intensity of the d-spacing maximum at 12.33±0.23 Angstroms. This invention also relates to a method of making thereof.

Abstract: A process is described for improving the quality as a fuel of hydrotreated hydrocarbon blends by reaction with hydrogen in the presence of a bifunctional catalytic system comprising one or more metals selected from Pt, Pd, Ir, Ru, Rh and Re, and a silico-aluminate of an acidic nature, selected from a micro-mesoporous silico-alumina and a zeolite belonging to the MTW family. The process of the invention produces an increase in the cetane index and a decrease in the density and T95.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a Ni-based catalyst useful in selective hydrogenation, comprising the following components supported on an alumina support: (a) 5.0 to 40.0 wt. % of metallic nickel or oxide(s) thereof; (b) 0.01 to 20.0 wt. % of at least one of molybdenum and tungsten, or oxide(s) thereof; (c) 0.01 to 10.0 wt. % of at least one rare earth element or oxide(s) thereof; (d) 0.01 to 2.0 wt. % of at least one metal from Group IA or Group IIA of the Periodic Table or oxide(s) thereof; (e) 0 to 15.0 wt. % of at least one selected from the group consisting of silicon, phosphorus, boron and fluorine, or oxide(s) thereof; and (f) 0 to 10.0 wt. % of at least one metal from Group IVB of the Periodic Table or oxide(s) thereof; with the percentages being based on the total weight of the catalyst. The catalyst is useful in the selective hydrogenation of a pyrolysis gasoline.

Abstract: A method for obtaining a petroleum distillate product is provided, the method includes subjecting an untreated light Fischer-Tropsch liquid to a two-step hydrogenation process, each step to be carried in the presence of a catalyst comprising an amorphous substrate having a metallic composition embedded therein. After the first step of hydrogenation, an intermediate hydrotreated light Fischer-Tropsch liquid is obtained, followed by the second step of hydrogenation thereof, obtaining the petroleum distillate product as a result. An apparatus for carrying out the method is also provided.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing a slurry catalyst for the upgrade of heavy oil feedstock is provided. The process employs a polar aprotic solvent to mix with the inorganic metal precursor feed to form an oil-dispersible inorganic metal precursor, at a weight ratio of solvent to inorganic metal precursor of 1:1 to 10:1; the oil-dispersible inorganic metal precursor is subsequently sulfided forming the slurry catalyst. In one embodiment, the sulfiding is in-situ upon mixing the oil-dispersible inorganic metal precursor with a hydrocarbon diluent containing a heavy oil feedstock under in-situ sulfiding conditions.

Abstract: A process for upgrading a hydrocarbon feedstock by hydroprocessing using multi-metallic catalysts is disclosed. In one aspect, the invention relates to hydroprocessing of a hydrocarbon feedstock using a catalyst derived from a catalyst precursor of the formula Av[(MP)(OH)x(L)ny]z(MVIBO4), wherein A comprises an alkali metal cation, an ammonium, an organic ammonium or a phosphonium cation, MP is selected from Group VIII, Group IIB, Group IIA, Group IVA and combinations thereof, L is an organic, oxygen-containing ligand, MVIB is at least one of Group VIB metals, and the atomic ratio of MVIII:MVIB is between 100:1 and 1:100.

Abstract: An enclosure includes at least one packed bed and a mixture supply line for delivering at the bottom of the enclosure a mixture of a liquid with a gas. The enclosure includes a system for separating the liquid phase and the gas phase of the mixture, the system being arranged between the bed and the mixture supply line, and this system including a housing having a flow passage for the degassed liquid and discharge passages for the disengaged gas.

Abstract: A method to upgrade heavy oil feedstock using an ebullated bed reactor and a novel catalyst system is provided. The ebullated bed reactor system includes two different catalyst with different characteristics: an expanded catalyst zone containing particulate catalyst having a particle size of greater than 0.65 mm; and a slurry catalyst having an average particle size ranging from 1 to 300 ?m. The slurry catalyst is introduced to the ebullated bed system with the heavy oil feedstock, and entrained in the upflowing hydrocarbon liquid passing through the ebullated bed reaction zone. The slurry catalyst reduces the formation of sediment and coke precursors in the ebullating bed reactor system. The slurry catalyst is prepared from at least a water-soluble metal precursor and pre-sulfided prior to being introduced with the heavy oil feedstock to the reactor system, or sulfided in-situ in the ebullated bed reactor in another embodiment.

Abstract: A method to upgrade heavy oil feedstock using an ebullated bed reactor and a novel catalyst system is provided. The ebullated bed reactor system includes two different catalyst with different characteristics: an expanded catalyst zone containing particulate catalyst having a particle size of greater than 0.65 mm; and a slurry catalyst having an average particle size ranging from 1 to 300 ?m. The slurry catalyst is provided to the ebullated bed system containing the heavy oil feedstock, and entrained in the upflowing hydrocarbon liquid passing through the ebullated bed reaction zone. The slurry catalyst reduces the formation of sediment and coke precursors in the ebullating bed reactor system. The slurry catalyst is prepared from rework materials, which form a slurry catalyst in-situ upon mixing with the heavy oil feedstock.

Abstract: Process for the continuous hydrogenation of triglyceride containing raw materials in a fixed bed reactor system having several catalyst beds arranged in series and comprising hydrogenation catalyst. The raw material feed, hydrogen containing gas and diluting agent are passed together through the catalyst beds at hydrogenation conditions. The raw material feed stream as well as the stream of hydrogen containing gas are divided into an equal number of different partial streams. These are each passed to one catalyst bed in such a manner that the weight ratio of diluting agent to raw material feed is essentially the same at the entrance of all catalyst beds and does not exceed 4:1. The claimed process is preferably conducted at low temperatures and allows the utilization of existing units due to the low recycle ratio. Further, a sufficient excess of hydrogen is used so that no valuable product is lost through decarb-reactions.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of the present invention relate to the processing of hydrocarbon-containing feedstreams in the presence of an interstitial metal hydride comprising a surface, with a metal oxide integrally synthesized and providing a coating on the surface of the interstitial metal hydride. The catalysts and processes of the present invention can improve overall hydrogenation, product conversion, as well as sulfur and nitrogen reduction in hydrocarbon feedstreams.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of the present invention relate to the processing of hydrocarbon-containing feedstreams in the presence of an active catalyst component comprising a surface, and a metal oxide film coated on the surface of the active catalyst component. The catalysts and processes of the present invention can improve overall hydrogenation, product conversion, as well as improved resistance to catalytic deactivation due to sulfur and nitrogen compounds present in the hydrocarbon feedstreams.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of the present invention relate to the processing of hydrocarbon-containing feedstreams in the presence of an interstitial metal hydride containing catalyst comprising a surface, and a Group VI/Group VIII metal sulfide coated onto the surface of the interstitial metal hydride. The catalysts and processes of the present invention can improve overall hydrogenation, product conversion, as well as sulfur reduction in hydrocarbon feedstreams.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a process for improving a hydrotreated stream for lubricating a machine. The hydrotreated stream can include an effective amount of one or more saturated hydrocarbons. Generally, the process includes hydrogenating the hydrotreated stream having no more than about 300 ppm, by weight, sulfur based on the weight of the stream in a hydrogenation reaction zone to produce a product stream having no more than about 5 ppm, by weight, sulfur.

Abstract: A process for the deep desulfurization of a heavy pyrolysis gasoline to very low levels of organic sulfur, e.g., 30 ppmv or less, with minimal octane number loss through aromatics saturation. The deep desulfurization is accomplished by contacting the heavy pyrolysis gasoline feedstock, partially in liquid and partially in gaseous phase, with a hydrogen treat gas containing a minimum H2S level in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst in a one or two reactor system operated in trickle flow, using a low temperature, moderate pressure operating condition.

Abstract: A catalyst precursor composition and methods for making such a catalyst precursor are disclosed. The catalyst precursor comprises at least a promoter metal selected from Group VIII, Group IIB, Group IIA, Group IVA and combinations thereof, having an oxidation state of +2 or +4, at least one Group VIB metal, at least one organic, oxygen-containing ligand, and a cellulose-containing material. In one embodiment, the catalyst precursor is of the formula Av[(MP) (OH)x (L)ny]z (MVIBO4), wherein A is one or more monovalent cationic species, MP is selected from Group VIII, Group IIB, Group IIA, Group IVA and combinations thereof, L is one or more oxygen-containing ligands, MVIB is at least a Group VIB metal, MP:MVIB has an atomic ratio between 100:1 and 1:100. In one embodiment, catalysts prepared from the sulfidation of such catalyst precursors are used in the hydroprocessing of hydrocarbon feeds. In a hydroconversion process at a hydrogen partial pressure of ˜450 psig, the catalyst a 700° F.

Abstract: The invention relates to hydrocarbon fluids having high purity with respect to at least one of sulfur species, nitrogen species, oxygenated species, and unsaturated species, particularly hydrocarbon fluids low in aromatics, a method of making said hydrocarbon fluids, a catalyst for use in said method, an apparatus whereby said method may be practiced, and uses of said fluids.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for synthesizing non-zeolitic molecular sieves which have a three dimensional microporous framework comprising [AlO2] and [PO2] units. In preparing the reaction mixture, a surfactant is used, coupled with non-aqueous impregnation to prevent acid sites from being destroyed by water during Pt impregnation. The superior SAPO exhibits higher activity and selectivity especially in catalytic hydroisomerization of waxy feeds, due to the presence of medium-sized silica islands distributed throughout the SAPO.

Abstract: A catalyst for the hydrogenation, hydroisomerisation, hydrocracking and/or hydrodesulfurisation, of hydrocarbon feedstocks, the catalyst consisting of a substantially binder free bead type support material obtained through a sol-gel method, and a catalytically active component selected from precious metals, the support comprising 5 to 50 wt. % of at least one molecular sieve material and 50 to 95 wt. % of silica-alumina.

Abstract: ITQ-26 (INSTITUTO DE TECNOLOOIA QUIMICA number 26) is a new crystalline microporous material with a framework of tetrahedral atoms connected by atoms capable of bridging the tetrahedral atoms, the tetrahedral atom framework being defined by the interconnections between the tetrahedrally coordinated atoms in its framework, ITQ-26 can be prepared in silicate compositions with an organic structure directing agent. It has a unique X-ray diffraction pattern, which identifies it as a new material. ITQ-26 is stable to calcination in air, absorbs hydrocarbons, and is catalytically active for hydrocarbon conversion.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for catalytic hydroconversion processing of less volatile carbonaceous material to volatile liquid products is disclosed. The process is carried out in a plug-flow reactor system using nanosize metallic catalyst particles dispersed in the reactant slurry with compressed hydrogen/hydrogen-sulfide at a temperature between about 275° C. and 525° C. at a pressure of between about 800 psi and 6000 psi and a residence time in the reactors between about 1 minute and 4 hours.

Abstract: This invention relates to a hydroprocessing process for the improvement of catalyst life. Such inventive process is carried out with intermittent or discontinuous addition of a co-feed stream when hydroprocessing petroleum based feedstock or an oxygen containing feedstock. More specifically, it has been found that intermittent or discontinuous addition of the co-feed stream such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, or their precursors to the hydrogen stream can reduce the long term deactivation, extend the life and increase run length of a cobalt/molybdenum hydrotreating catalyst.

Abstract: Contact of a crude feed with one or more catalysts containing a transition metal sulfide produces a total product that includes a crude product. The crude feed has a residue content of at least 0.2 grams of residue per gram of crude feed. The crude product is a liquid mixture at 25° C. and 0.101 MPa. One or more properties of the crude product may be changed by at least 10% relative to the respective properties of the crude feed. In some embodiments, gas is produced during contact with one or more catalysts and the crude feed.

Abstract: A process for producing fuel from biomass is disclosed herein. The process includes torrefying biomass material at a temperature between 80° C. and 300° C. to form particulated biomass having a mean average particle size from about 1 ?m to about 1000 ?m. The particulated biomass is mixed with a liquid to form a suspension, wherein the liquid comprises bio-oil, wherein the suspension includes between 1 weight percent to 40 weight percent particulated biomass. The suspension is fed into a hydropyrolysis reactor; and at least a portion of the particulated biomass of the suspension is converted into fuel.

Abstract: Processes and systems are provided for removing contaminants from a vapor stream containing hydrocarbon and hydrogen, and can include: providing a feed stream to a first pressurized vapor liquid separator that produces a liquid stream and a vapor stream containing hydrocarbon and hydrogen, passing the vapor stream to an inlet of a particulate trap containing a plurality of treatment zones that remove contaminants from the vapor stream to produce a particulate trap effluent, and passing the particulate trap effluent directly to a catalytic hydrogenation zone. The processes and systems can also include: passing the liquid stream from the first pressurized vapor liquid separator to a second vapor liquid separator that produces an overhead vapor stream and a liquid bottoms stream, condensing the overhead vapor stream from the second vapor liquid separator to form a liquid overhead stream, routing the liquid overhead stream to the inlet of the particulate trap.

Abstract: Process for the conversion of heavy feedstocks selected from heavy crude oils, distillation residues, heavy oils coming from catalytic treatment, thermal tars, oil sand bitumens, various kinds of coals and other high-boiling feedstocks of a hydrocarbon origin known as black oils, by the combined use of the following three process units: hydroconversion with catalysts in slurry phase (HT), distillation or flash (D), and deasphalting (SDA).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst comprising at least one IZM-2 zeolite, at least one amorphous matrix, at least one hydro-dehydrogenating element selected from the group formed by the elements from group VIB and from group VIII of the periodic table and excluding platinum and palladium. The catalyst also optionally contains a controlled quantity of at least one doping element selected from phosphorus, boron and silicon, optionally at least one element from group VB of the periodic table of the elements, and optionally a group VIIA element. The invention also relates to hydrocracking and hydrotreatment processes implementing this catalyst.

Abstract: For converting ethanol to a diesel fuel base stock: a reaction stage (a) of contacting the ethanol with an acid catalyst, amorphous or structured, predominantly mesoporous, at a temperature of 300° C. to 500° C., at a pressure of 2 to 10 MPa and at a WHSV of 0.2 to 4 h?1, producing a gas phase, an organic liquid phase and an aqueous liquid phase, and —a stage (b) of separating the gas phase, the organic liquid phase and the aqueous liquid phase at a pressure close to the reaction pressure, and recycling at least part of the gas phase separated in stage (b) to stage (a), and hydrogenating at least part of the organic liquid phase separated in stage (b).

Abstract: A process for hydrogenating a sample in a pressure range below supercritical pressure values includes supplying at least a solvent of the sample to be hydrogenated by a feed pump with a constant volume rate into a flow path to create a base solution; adding the sample being dissolved into the flow path; feeding hydrogen into the flow path through a valve configured to transmit hydrogen only into a single direction; leading the dissolved sample in the presence of a catalyst through a hydrogenation reactor, where the reactor is inserted into a section of the flow path located after the hydrogen feeding position; maintaining the pressure of the reaction in a given pressure range by element of a pressure-adjusting unit, and collecting a hydrogenate formed within the hydrogenation reactor in a product receptacle connected to the end of the flow path.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for activating a hydroprocessing catalyst and the use of activated catalyst for hydroprocessing. More particularly, hydroprocessing catalysts are activated in the presence of carbon monoxide. The catalysts that have been activated by CO treatment have improved activity.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process employing slurry catalyst compositions in the upgrading of heavy oils. The slurry catalyst composition is not permitted to settle, which would result in possible deactivation. The slurry is recycled to an upgrading reactor for repeated use and products require no further separation procedures for catalyst removal.

Abstract: In a process for producing a metal containing catalyst composition suitable for effecting hydrocarbon hydrogenation and/or dehydrogenation reactions, a catalyst support comprising a porous crystalline material combined with an amorphous binder is treated with an anchoring material capable of bonding to the surface of the support and to a metal component. In addition, a precursor to the metal component is deposited on the surface of the catalyst support and then the treated catalyst support having the precursor deposited thereon is subjected to conditions effective to convert the precursor to the metal component and to cause the anchoring material to bond to the surface of the support and to the metal component.

Abstract: This invention relates to a crystalline molecular sieve having, in its as-synthesized form, an X-ray diffraction pattern including d-spacing maxima at 13.18±0.25 and 12.33±0.23 Angstroms, wherein the peak intensity of the d-spacing maximum at 13.18±0.25 Angstroms is at least as great as 90% of the peak intensity of the d-spacing maximum at 12.33±0.23 Angstroms. This invention also relates to a method of making thereof.

Abstract: Contact of a crude feed with one or more catalysts containing a transition metal sulfide produces a total product that includes a crude product. The crude feed has a residue content of at least 0.2 grams of residue per gram of crude feed. The crude product is a liquid mixture at 25° C. and 0.101 MPa. One or more properties of the crude product may be changed by at least 10% relative to the respective properties of the crude feed. In some embodiments, gas is produced during contact with one or more catalysts and the crude feed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the processing of hydrocarbon-containing feedstreams in the presence of an interstitial metal hydride comprised of at least one chemical element selected from Groups 3-11 (including the lanthanides, atomic numbers 58 to 71), and at least one chemical element selected from Groups 13-15 from the IUPAC Periodic Table of Elements. These interstitial metal hydrides, their catalysts and processes using these interstitial metal hydrides and catalysts of the present invention improve overall hydrogenation, product conversion, as well as sulfur reduction in hydrocarbon feedstreams.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel interstitial metal hydrides and catalyst containing interstitial metal hydrides that are resistant to oxidation and resultant loss of catalytic activity. The processes of the present invention include use of these improved, oxidation resistant interstitial metal hydride compositions for improved overall hydrogenation, product conversion, as well as sulfur reduction in hydrocarbon feedstreams.

Abstract: A process for preparing a bulk multi-metallic catalyst for hydrotreating heavy oil feeds is provided. The catalyst is particularly suitable for hydrotreating heavy oil feeds having a boiling point in the range of 343° C. (650° F.)- to 454° C. (850° F.), an average molecular weight Mn ranging from 300 to 400, and an average molecular diameter ranging from 0.9 nm to 1.7 nm. The bulk multi-metallic catalyst is prepared by sulfiding a catalyst precursor that has an essentially monomodal pore volume distribution with at least 95% of the pores being macropores, and having a total pore volume of at least 0.08 g/cc.

Abstract: Methods and systems for contacting of a crude feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product that includes a crude product are described. The crude product is a liquid mixture at 25° C. and 0.101 MPa. The crude product has an MCR content of at most 90% of the MCR content of the crude feed. One or more other properties of the crude product may be changed by at least 10% relative to the respective properties of the crude feed.

Abstract: A system and method for recycling plastics. The system and method recover materials such as hydrocarbon gases, liquid hydrocarbon distillates, various polymers and/or monomers used to produce the original plastics. The system and method allow about one unit of input of energy input to the plastic recycler to be used to create one or more gaseous components and one or more liquid distillate components from a plastic that is being recycled. The one or more gaseous components and one or more liquid distillate components produce about one corresponding unit of useable output energy recovered from the recycling of the plastic.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a crystalline MCM-22 family molecular sieve having a platelet aggregates morphology wherein greater than 50 wt % of the molecular sieve having a crystal diameter greater than 1 ?m as measured by the SEM. The crystalline MCM-22 family molecular sieve of this disclosure, wherein the platelet aggregates morphology is rosette habit morphology, or multiple layer plate's morphology.

Abstract: Contact of a crude feed with a hydrogen source in the presence of an inorganic salt catalyst produces a total product that includes a crude product. The crude feed has a residue content of at least 0.2 grams of residue per gram of crude feed. The inorganic salt catalyst may includes one or more alkali metal salts and/or one or more alkaline-earth metal salts. The crude product is a liquid mixture at 25° C. and 0.101 MPa. One or more properties of the crude product may be changed by at least 10% relative to the respective properties of the crude feed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for starting up a hydrotreating process using a bulk metal catalyst, said process comprising the steps of: i) providing a hydrocarbon feed stream containing less than 100 ppmw nitrogen-containing species; ii) adding a nitrogen-containing compound to said hydrocarbon feed stream; and iii) contacting the resultant feed stream with the bulk metal catalyst in the presence of hydrogen and a sulfur-containing species. The present invention also relates to a process for hydrotreating a hydrocarbon feedstock, said process comprising the steps of: i) providing a hydrocarbon feed stream containing less than 100 ppmw nitrogen-containing species; ii) adding a nitrogen-containing compound to said hydrocarbon feed stream; iii) contacting the resultant feed stream with a bulk metal catalyst in the presence of hydrogen and a sulfur-containing species; and iv) subsequently contacting the resultant bulk metal catalyst with the hydrocarbon feedstock in the presence of hydrogen.

Abstract: The invention relates to a catalyst consisting of at least: one matrix comprising at least one oxide which is selected from an amorphous oxide, an oxide with low crystallinity and a mixture of both; at least one solid microporous crystalline material which, in the calcined and anhydrous state, has the molar compositions X2O3:nYO2:mZO2, in which X is a trivalent element such as, for example, Al, B, Fe, In, Ga, Cr, Y is at least one trivalent element that is different from Ge and Z is Ge, the value (n+m) is at least equal to 5 and can be between 5 and ?, and the value of n/m is at least equal to 1; and at least one hydrogenating compound, preferably Pt, Pd, Ir, Ru, Rh, and Re or a combination of same. The invention also relates to the use of said catalyst in a process in order to improve the quality of diesel fractions.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for producing a crude product from a crude feed. A crude feed is contacted with a hydrogen source and a catalyst comprising a transition metal sulfide under conditions controlled such that the crude product has a residue content of at most the 30% of the residue content of the crude feed.

Abstract: The catalyst comprises at least a metal component and at least a non-metallic conducting component as supplement component. The metal component generally contains one or more metals of the groups VIb, VIIb or VIIIb of the periodic table. The supplement component is e.g. a conducting carbon material like graphite, a conducting polymer or a conducting metal oxide. Preferably it is hydrophobic or made hydrophobic. The catalyst is used for hydroprocessing of bio-feedstock like vegetable oils to produce fuels, which are aliphatic hydrocarbons comparable to conventional fuel from mineral oil.