Abstract: A portable system for extracting iodine from brine on-site is disclosed. The portable system includes a mobile platform containing a treatment unit for oxidizing iodine ions into elemental iodine, an adsorption unit capable of binding iodine, and may also have an electrolytic cell and/or a gas-liquid separator. The treatment unit and the adsorption unit may be located in the same or different portable operating devices. When transported to a field site containing natural gas wells, the natural gas wells provide a fluid stream containing natural gas and brine. The separators can separate the natural gas from the brine, and the brine is then run through the treatment unit and the adsorption unit to bind iodine present in the brine. The brine is then returned to the natural gas well. Upon saturation, the portable operating device is transported to a second location, where iodine is extracted from the adsorption unit.

Abstract: Activated carbon having a low contact pH and their use in the purification of water, as well as methods for making such low contact pH activated carbon and filters and methods for purifying water are described herein. The methods for preparing such low contact pH activated carbons provides an effective and less costly means for preparing activated carbons for purification processes.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ultraviolet oxidation device for decompositing organic materials present in water in low energy consumption and low cost, an ultrapure water production device using the same, an ultraviolet oxidation method, and an ultrapure water production method. An ultraviolet oxidation device including: a flow tank 10; photocatalyst fibers 12; an ultraviolet radiating unit 14; and an ultraviolet radiating unit housing unit 16 which is arranged to occupy an entire cross-section of the flow tank intersecting with flowing direction of the water to be processed in the flow tank 10; wherein the ultraviolet radiating unit housing unit 16 is constructed such that the water to he processed flows toward the ultraviolet radiating unit 14 from an upstream side, and after flowing in the housing unit 16, the water to be processed flows out to a downstream side, and is formed of a material that allows the ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet radiating unit 14 to radiate the photocatalyst fibers 12.

Abstract: A water treatment process for substantially removing one or more ionic species from a feed water includes an ion containing aqueous solution to produce a treated water product, the process including: (a) a sorption step, including contacting a solid sorbent with said feed water to produce a solution depleted in said one or more ionic species and a loaded sorbent; (b) a concentrating step, includes concentrating an inlet stream including the ionic species depleted solution to produce a concentrate rich in said one or more ionic species and said treated water product; and (c) a desorbing step, including contacting said loaded sorbent with an aqueous desorbant including said concentrate to thereby desorb at least some of said one or more ionic species from said loaded sorbent.

Abstract: A method for the removal of arsenic in a positive oxidation stage from an aqueous liquid comprising the steps of: i) providing a porous adsorbent which comprises a solid phase carrying a metal ion in a form (I) which is capable of binding the arsenic to give a metal ion form (II) comprising the metal ion and the arsenic; ii) contacting the aqueous liquid with the adsorbent for formation of form (II), iii) separating the aqueous liquid from the adsorbent, iv) optionally regenerating the adsorbent, and reusing it in cycles comprising steps (i)-(iv), The characterizing feature is that A) form (I) is a metal chelate (I), which •comprises a metal ion and a multidentate chelating group, •comprises three or more amino nitrogens which are directly attached to sp3 carbon and in an at least triplet wise manner can coordinate a metal ion, and, •can be transformed to form (II), and/or B) step (ii) prior to the formation of form (II) comprises the substeps of: •oxidising As (+III) to As(+V), and •securing zero amounts of

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed towards systems and methods for the treatment of wastewater. A system in accordance with one particular embodiment may include an oxidation reactor configured to receive a flow of wastewater from a wastewater producing process. The oxidation reactor may be further configured to oxidize a chemical associated with the flow of wastewater with an oxidation agent. The oxidation reactor may include at least one reaction member configured to pressurize at least a portion of the oxidation reactor. The system may further include at least one resin tank configured to contain an ion exchange resin configured to target a particular metal, the at least one resin tank configured to receive an output from the oxidation reactor. Numerous other embodiments are also within the scope of the present disclosure.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a method for recovering metals such as gallium, indium and aluminum from III-V group compound semiconductors or semiconducting materials thereof containing arsenic, antimony and/or selenium. The method includes the step of adsorbing the arsenic, antimony and selenium selectively to an adsorbent containing the rare-earth metal compound with the use of the adsorbent.

Abstract: Exemplary decontamination systems of the present disclosure may allow for removing contaminants from a fluid. In an embodiment, a decontamination system may include a filtration unit operable to receive an adsorbent and contaminated fluid. The filtration unit may include a filter operable to separate the fluid from the adsorbent and contaminants adsorbed onto the adsorbent. In an embodiment, the decontamination system may further include a recovery unit operable to separate the adsorbent and the contaminants adsorbed onto the adsorbent.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for removing an ionic species contained in an aqueous phase. The method includes contacting an aqueous phase containing the ionic species with a sol gel-derived composite material, where the sol gel-derived composite material is a sol gel-derived composition having a porous matrix and containing a reactive metal incorporated into at least a portion of the porous matrix, under conditions sufficient to remove the ionic species contained in the aqueous phase.

Abstract: A method or process for removing perchlorate ions from water includes mixing water containing perchlorate ions with a reducing agent such that the perchlorate ions and the reducing agent undergo an oxidation-reduction reaction. During the oxidation-reduction reaction, perchlorate ions are reduced to chloride ions and the reducing agent is oxidized. The oxidized reducing agent is separated from the water containing chloride ions and the oxidized reducing agent is regenerated and reused in the reduction of the perchlorate ions.

Abstract: Sludge is treated in a treatment chamber by providing a pair of electrodes in the treatment chamber and applying an electrical current between the electrodes such that one of the electrodes functions as an anode and one of the electrodes functions as a cathode in proximity to the outlet. A flow of water is induced from the sludge towards the outlet by the electrical current. An ion exchange textile comprising exchangeable functional groups grafted thereon is located in proximity to at least one of the electrodes such that the ionic forms of the metals are exchanged with the functional groups on the ion exchange textile. Accordingly the sludge is dewatered and metals in the sludge are captured commonly in the treatment chamber while the electrical current simultaneously inactivates pathogens in the treatment chamber.

Abstract: A method of decontaminating soil and ground water containing organic contaminants and metal compounds. It comprises the steps of first treating such soils and ground water with an effective amount an aqueous solution containing a peroxide and a water soluble chelating agent for a time sufficient to have the water soluble chelating agent chelate at least one of the metals of the metal compounds present in the soil and ground water. Next, the chelated metals are brought into contact with the peroxide to catalytically convert the peroxide to an oxidizing agent and hydroxyl ion. The hydroxyl ion converts the halogenated organic compound into environmentally safe, non-toxic compounds. Gases that are produced from this reaction, and from the oxidation of organic compounds, are used to diffuse solution into the soil to chelate calcium and magnesium, thereby causing the sodium to be dislodged from the soil and reduce sodicity in the soil.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to methods and rare earth-containing additives for removing inorganic and organic phosphorus-containing target materials.

Abstract: The present invention provides an integrated method and system for treating a contaminated fluid. The integrated system and method is configured to simultaneously perform multiple functions, for example, transportation, mixing, treatment and separation. The contaminated fluid and treating agents are pumped simultaneously into a processing tank and vigorously mixed by at least one pump-mixer. The at least one pump-mixer is configured to simultaneously perform combined functions such as fluid transportation, rapid and vigorous mixing and treatment. The rapid and vigorous mixing by at least one pump-mixer enhances the processing rates considerably. The contaminants and the disaggregated particles undergo treatment as a result of their reactions with the treating agents. The process residuals, usually in the form of sludge, are separated from the treated fluid. The separation system is also configured to simultaneously perform multiple functions.

Abstract: A system is provided that substantially increases the efficiency of CO2 capture and removal by positioning a catalyst within an optimal distance from the air-liquid interface. The catalyst is positioned within the layer determined to be the highest concentration of carbon dioxide. A hydrophobic tether is attached to the catalyst and the hydrophobic tether modulates the position of the catalyst within the liquid layer containing the highest concentration of carbon dioxide.

Abstract: The amount of silica in cooling tower water is reduced by passing cooling tower water through a column of silica gel.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to methods and rare earth-containing additives for removing target materials in the form of hydroxides, carbonates, hydrates, or oxyhydroxyls from, a typically aqueous, liquid medium.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to methods and rare earth-containing additives for removing inorganic and organic phosphorus-containing target materials.

Abstract: A water purification reactor comprises a containment vessel holding a water purification medium and a disinfectant, and a discharge assembly. The containment vessel has a perimetric wall with a discharge opening therethrough, a first end having a bottom wall, and a second opposed end defining an opening. The perimetric wall and the bottom wall define a chamber. The discharge assembly comprises a collection pipe extending along the bottom wall, a siphon pipe fluidly coupled with the collection pipe and extending upwardly along the perimetric wall, and an exit pipe fluidly coupled with the siphon pipe and extending through the discharge opening. The water purification medium comprises at least one layer of granular material contained within the chamber. The disinfectant has anti-microbial properties and is incorporated into a portion of the water purification medium. The water purification medium and disinfectant are adapted for progressive chemical and biochemical remediation water.

Abstract: A system for treating produced water, for example from a SAGD bitumen production operation, has a treatment unit using chemical oxidation (CO) or electromagnetic treatment (ET) to destroy or degrade organics in the produced water. The treatment module may use CO or ET in combination with biological treatment or sorption processes or both. When the treatment module is used upstream of a steam generator, it reduces fouling in the steam generator and in any blowdown water treatment device. A brine concentrator or a crystallizer may be used to treat the blowdown water. The treatment module may be used in combination with a nanofiltration (NF) or reverse osmosis (RO) membrane filter. Optionally, the produced water may be treated with an ET process such as microwaves directly upstream of a steam generator or upstream of a concentrator or crystallizer in a blowdown water stream.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to methods and compositions for removing contaminants from streams and is particularly concerned with methods and compositions for removing contaminants from municipal wastewaters, municipal drinking waters and recreational waters. The present disclosure is to particulate cerium, more particularly to particulate cerium (IV) formed by an in situ oxidative process and to a method for removing target materials from a target material-containing stream using particulate cerium formed in situ.

Abstract: Microcomposites comprising titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles embedded within cross-linked, thermally responsive microgels of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) are disclosed. Interpenetrating linear chains of poly(acrylic acid) functionalize the nanoparticles for dispersal within the microgel framework. The microcomposites show rapid sedimentation, which is useful for gravity separation applications such as environmental remediation via photocatalytic degradation. The extent of loading of the TiO2 within the colloidal particles can be easily manipulated from 10% (weight) to a value as high as 75%. The microgel-titania composites showed rapid sedimentation, which is useful for gravity separation of these particles in photocatalytic applications. The settling of the microgel-titania composites occurred over minutes and was much faster than solid, impermeable spheres.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of removing oil from an aqueous surface, comprising: surrounding an oil spot on the aqueous surface with an oil-absorbing material; and introducing a solution comprising a surfactant to the oil spot. Also disclosed are the above methods where the oil is not mechanically directed towards the oil-absorbing material, or where the oil-absorbing material is not mechanically directed towards the oil. Also disclosed are the above methods further comprising introducing a solution comprising a protein/surfactant complex to the oil spot, where the protein/surfactant complex comprises a protein component obtained from the fermentation of yeast, comprising a mixture of multiple intracellular proteins, at least a portion of the mixture including yeast polypeptides obtained from fermenting yeast and yeast stress proteins resulting from subjecting a mixture obtained from the yeast fermentation to stress.

Abstract: The current method and apparatus relate to treating a dispersion bath using an ion exchange resin and an optional pH adjustor and wherein the ion exchange resin and the optional pH adjustor maintain a pH of within +/?2 of the initial pH of the dispersion bath.

Abstract: A system and a method for treating water, the system comprising a first conduit having an inlet and an outlet with an ozone generator situated thereon, the ozone generator being operative to selectively treat water flowing through the conduit with the ozone, a sensor to measure the oxidation reduction potential of water, the sensor being operatively connected to the ozone generator, a holding tank situated at the outlet of the first conduit, the holding tank having a gas outlet conduit and a gas release valve, a second conduit extending from the holding tank, and an activated carbon filter on the second conduit.

Abstract: Systems and methods for removing phosphorous (P) from P-containing wastewater are disclosed. The system includes a main filter unit (MFU) comprising P-adsorbing material. The MFU receives the P-containing wastewater and forms therefrom MFU-filtered wastewater having a first pH. A pH adjusting unit (AU) that contains pH-reducing material receives the MFU-filtered wastewater and forms therefrom AU-filtered wastewater having a second pH lower than the first pH. A replaceable filter unit (RFU) similar to the MFU but smaller may be arranged upstream of the MFU to pre-filter the P-containing wastewater. Some or all of the RFU may be replaced when maintaining the system.

Abstract: A method and absorbent material for cleaning up contaminants, such as a petroleum-based product, with little to no water absorption. The absorbent material may include sheets, disks, or spheres of polymer-based plastic material of one to two inches thick that is manufactured and pre-conditioned to enhance absorption characteristics. The absorbent material may include smaller sieve sizes ranging from 16 to 100 that facilitate absorption and collection of a petroleum-based contaminant. Alternatively or additionally, the absorbent material may include larger sieve sizes ranging from 4 to 10 that facilitate transfer of the petroleum-based contaminant to the surface of the absorbent material. The absorbent material may be deployed at sea for a matter of minutes, and after absorbing a portion of the petroleum-based contaminant, then recovered by a recovery vessel, such as via netting, scooping, and/or vacuuming means.

Abstract: A new device, method, and system are disclosed that provide for removal of undesired materials from a contaminated fluid. Materials present in the fluids are kept in motion in one or more filter cassettes that include disc aerators that improve contact times with the sorbents and that rotate the filter media to pump contaminated water through the filter media for treatment of the contaminated fluids. The device and system provide containment of sorbent fines that keeps the filter media free from clogging.

Abstract: L-cysteine-is separated from an L-cysteine-containing fermenter broth containing an oxidizing agent which is capable of oxidizing L-cysteine at pH<5, by contacting the L-cysteine-containing fermenter broth with an ion exchanger at a pH from 5 to 9, the pH in the fermenter broth becoming <5, and preferably <2. The L-cysteine binds to the ion exchanger and the bound L-cysteine is then removed from the ion exchanger by means of an eluant.

Abstract: Embodiments are provided for removing a variety of contaminants using both rare earth and non-rare earth-containing treatment elements.

Abstract: Provided is a method that can remove fission products in a spent electrolyte produced in a dry reprocessing process by an easy operation and can vitrify the fission products easily, the fission products including not only the fission products that generate precipitate but also the fission products that generate no precipitate. A spent electrolyte produced in a dry reprocessing process is subjected to a phosphate conversion processing to obtain a processing target substance; the processing target substance is passed through a separating material 10 including an iron phosphate glass at a temperature of not more than a softening point of the iron phosphate glass in order to remove insoluble fission products included in the processing target substance by filtration with the separating material and to sorb fission products in solution to the separating material for separation; and the iron phosphate glass holding the fission products is used as a waste vitrification material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a boron removal method which can remove boron from boron-containing water satisfactorily by using a small amount of a chemical agent, and which generates small amount of precipitate. Also disclosed is a boron-removing agent which is easy to handle and has excellent boron-adsorption ability. A xerogel of an organic polymeric compound having a cis-type diol structure and a water-soluble salt of an alkaline earth metal are added to a boron-containing water under alkaline conditions.

Abstract: Methods of and apparatuses for removing selenium from water. Sulfate and organics are first removed to discourage such materials from overwhelming subsequent processing of water to remove selenium.

Abstract: Methods of and apparatuses for removing selenium from water. Sulfates and organics are first removed to discourage such materials from overwhelming subsequent processing of water to remove selenium.

Abstract: In production of ultrapure water by purifying primary pure water with a secondary pure water manufacturing apparatus and a tertiary pure water manufacturing apparatus, high-purity ultrapure water is produced, wherein generation of hydrogen peroxide is minimized and the concentrations of TOC, DO, and hydrogen peroxide are reduced to the limit. In an ultrapure water manufacturing system, each of the secondary pure water manufacturing apparatus and the tertiary pure water manufacturing apparatus includes an ultraviolet oxidation device and a deionization device, downstream therefrom, by using an ion exchange resin. UV light control is performed in such a way that the hydrogen peroxide concentration results in 1 to 30 ?g/L and the TOC concentration results in 1 to 10 ?g/L at the outlet of the ultraviolet oxidation apparatus of the secondary pure water manufacturing apparatus and, in addition, the TOC concentration results in 0.

Abstract: A bioreactor that combines the steps of recombinant expression and separation of a biological product by binding the secreted biological product with a resin, discarding the nutrient medium and eluting the biological product as a concentrated solution, eliminating the steps of sterile filtration and volume reduction. The method also allows loading of resin for column-purification, eliminating all steps of perfusion process and maintaining a sink condition of a toxic product in nutrient medium to optimize productivity of host cells. The instant invention also allows harvesting of solubilized inclusion bodies after the cells have been lysed and refolding of proteins inside the bioreactor.

Abstract: A method and system for removing from an aqueous system which is contaminated therewith: (1) mercury present as colloids, ions and/or organically bound compounds, and (2) hydrocarbons solubilized, dispersed, and/or emulsified in the said system. Pursuant to the invention the aqueous system to be treated (such as “produced water”) is passed successively through three filtration stages. The first filtration stage is provided with absorption media which effects reduction/removal of dispersed organically bound mercury species and of the dispersed and partially dissolved hydrocarbon phases, as well as of some colloidal mercury and other dissolved metallic species. The second filtration stage utilizes a salt modified reticulated granular filtration media for reduction/removal of slightly dissolved hydrocarbon phases, mercury in colloidal and ionic form and other dissolved metals.

Abstract: A method for removing helminth egg and other suspended solids from a wastewater stream includes directing the wastewater to a ballasted flocculation system and adding a coagulation agent, flocculation agent and a ballast into the wastewater. Sludge is settled from the wastewater in a settling tank at a rate of at least 10 meters per hour. The method further includes removing helminth egg by filtering the effluent through a fine screen having a mesh diameter of approximately 5 micrometers to approximately 25 micrometers. After passing through the fine screen, the filtered effluent has less than one helminth egg per liter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a multi-component system for adsorbing contaminants and/or pollutants from a contaminated hot fluid by using a turbulent air stream, to adiabatically cool the temperature of the fluid, in association with one or more adsorbents. The system of the present invention can also be coupled to a recovery and recycling unit to recover and recycle the contaminant and/or pollutant and the adsorbent material.

Abstract: A system and method for reducing sulfur compounds within a fuel stream for a turbomachine is presented. The system comprises: a turbomachine; a combustion system for burning a fuel including sulfur compounds, the burned fuel delivered to the turbomachine; and a sulfur compound reduction (SR) system positioned to reduce a level of the sulfur compounds in the fuel upstream of the combustion system.

Abstract: A process and reactor for liquid or gas treatment by photocatalytic reaction by using a catalytic membrane reactor comprising a pourous membrane as a contactor between two phases, that can be liquid or gas, a catalyst material and a liquid or gas phase, wherein as the catalyst material a phytocatalyst and/or change-transfer catalyst are used, and the liquid or gas is illuminated by a light source.

Abstract: A composition as adsorbent and catalyst is manufactured by adding activated carbon into a aqueous solution comprising a plurality of metal salts, adjusting the solution to a predetermined pH value according to the types of the plurality of metal salts, drying the solution while slowly stirring at the same time, and calcining a product from the dried aqueous solution so as to obtain the composite as adsorbent and catalyst. The said composite can be used in a wastewater treatment method. The wastewater treating method comprises the steps of adding the said composite to wastewater comprising a contaminant, such that the contaminant is adsorbed onto the composite; and adding an oxidant to the wastewater. The oxidant is catalyzed by the composite to generate free radicals, which oxidizes the contaminant adsorbed onto the composite to thereby remove the contaminant from the wastewater.

Abstract: A method to remove toxic heavy metals soluble in wastewaters of household or industrial origin that comprises the phases of: Providing lignocellulosic material with low moisture (10% or less) which is subject to grading reduction with a size below 1 mm; Defining a solid-liquid ratio in an adsorption reactor where its value depends on the liquid residue composition to be treated within a 3 and 50 g/L interval. Placing the liquid to be treated and the lignocellulosic material in said adsorption reactor at room temperature. Stirring and adjusting the pH value during the process, where said pH depends on the composition of the liquid residue to be treated. The pH value is adjusted within an interval of pH 3 through pH 8. Keeping the liquid to be treated under turbulent stirring with the vegetal substrate inside the reactor until the concentration values desired for the metallic composition of the aqueous composition are achieved.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for treating water charged with colloidal impurities, either dissolved or suspended, in a treatment plant, wherein said method comprises: the step of contacting said water, in an advanced oxidation area, with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of at least one transition-metal salt; a flocculation step that comprises contacting said water, in a flocculation area, with at least one flocculation additive and with at least one ballast comprising at least one non-soluble granular material denser than water and used as a biomass carrier; the step of feeding the water and floc mixture thus obtained into a settling area; the step of separating the treated water at the upper portion of said settling area from a mixture of sludge and ballast resulting from the settling of said flocs; the step of extracting the sludge and ballast mixture at the lower portion of said settling area; and the step of recycling at least a portion of the sludge into said advanced oxidation area.

Abstract: Processes for extracting iodine from an aqueous solution, such as brine, are disclosed. Activated coconut carbon particles are mixed with the solution to adsorb iodide through pores in the activated carbon particles. The activated carbon particles are then treated with sulfur dioxide gas and water to form hydrogen iodide. The hydrogen iodide is then reacted with chloride to obtain elemental iodine (I2).

Abstract: Compositions and methods and for contaminants from water are provided. The compositions comprise ferric hydroxide and ferric oxyhydride coated substrates for use in removing the contaminant from the water. Contacting water bearing the contaminant with the substrates can substantially reduce contaminant levels therein. Methods of oxidizing the contaminants in water to facilitate their removal by the ferric hydroxide and ferric oxyhydride coated substrates are also provided. The contaminants include, but are not limited to, arsenic, selenium, uranium, lead, cadmium, nickel, copper, zinc, chromium and vanadium, their oxides and soluble salts thereof.

Abstract: A processing method of liquid includes: decomposing a resin in liquid by allowing ozone gas to contact the liquid containing a water-soluble carbonyl compound and the resin; and removing organic acid generated by decomposing the resin in the decomposing step from the liquid by performing on the liquid after being subjected to the decomposing step an ion exchange process using an ion exchange resin. The liquid to be subjected to the ion exchange process contains water.

Abstract: A method for the treatment of a contaminated medium including the steps of introducing hydrogen into the contaminated medium, adding micron-sized metal catalyst particles to the contaminated medium, reacting the contaminated medium with the micron-sized metal catalyst and substantially retaining the catalyst particles in the contaminated medium. In another aspect, a system for the ex situ treatment of contaminated fluid including a vessel configured to receive the contaminated fluid, micron-sized metal catalyst particles located in the vessel, a hydrogen source positioned for delivering hydrogen to the contaminated fluid, and a membrane filter positioned to prevent the metal catalyst from eluting from the vessel.

Abstract: A process for the removal of residual sulfur compounds from a liquid caustic stream is disclosed. One embodiment of my invention adsorbs disulfides from a caustic stream using an activated carbon adsorbent while another combines both oxidation and adsorption in single step to remove residual sulfur compounds from a rich caustic stream using metal phthalocyanine supported on a solid adsorbent. This process is especially useful as a polishing step in a caustic regeneration process flow scheme.

Abstract: Provided are an anti-microbial matrix and filtration systems containing the same. The matrix comprises a surface-modified inorganic component and a polymeric binder comprising particles having an irregular, convoluted surface. The surface-modified inorganic component comprises a reaction product of an anti-microbial component and an inorganic component. The anti-microbial component comprises a quaternary ammonium salt containing an epoxide group. A covalent bond is, for example, between the quaternary ammonium cation and a hydroxyl group of the inorganic component. The quaternary ammonium salt can be poly(methyldiallylamine epichlorohydrin). Further, the quaternary ammonium salt can have the formula according to I: (Formula I), wherein n is in the range of 5 to 24. The inorganic component can be diatomaceous earth. The polymeric binder can comprise ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW PE). Methods of making and using the same are also provided.