Abstract: A method and system of removing or decreasing waste liquor manganese concentration to less than about 1 mg/L total manganese without the precipitation of significant amounts of magnesium. The method and system include steps for treating the waste liquor using three separate circuits in which in the first circuit, manganese is reduced, for example, from about 2 g/L to <500 mg/L using pH adjustment with a suitable neutralizing agent; and in the second circuit, the final target manganese level is achieved by oxidative precipitation using a suitable oxidizing agent. Part of the precipitated manganese product, e.g., MnO2, is recycled to the oxidative precipitation circuit as seed and the balance proceeds to a third circuit wherein the precipitated manganese product is re-dissolved, and then recycled to the first neutralization circuit. In the first neutralization circuit and the second oxidative precipitation circuit, the process conditions are selected to minimize the precipitation of magnesium, e.g., Mg(OH)2.

Abstract: Solid and liquid concrete waste is collected from a construction site and safely off-loaded at a treatment site. Solid waste is separated and sent to a crusher to be made into road bed aggregate. Liquid waste is put in a first tank to settle the solids, then moved to a second tank to settle remaining fine solids, and moved to a third tank coupled to a circulation pump with CO2 gas injection to lower the pH. The liquid in the third tank is then filtered before discharging for recycle, irrigation or dust control. A precipitate agent is preferable added to the liquid in the third tank to remove heavy metals and the precipitate is periodically backwashed from the filter into the first tank. The sludge created in the settling and filtering process is periodically dewatered in the first tank and mixed with the solid concrete waste sent to the crusher.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for dehydrating sludge, comprising adding a basic agent to sludge having a pH not more than 8, adding to the sludge at least one organic flocculating constituent, by adding said basic agent, increasing the sludge pH to a value not more than a pH at which occurs degradation of said at least one organic constituent, flocculating the sludge and separating in the flocculated sludge dehydrated sludge from a liquid phase, said basic agent being a magnesian limestone compound of formula xCaCO3,(1?x)[yMg(OH)2+(1?Y) MgO], wherein 0,45:=x=0,75, and 0=y=, the treated sludge having, until after said separation, said value less than a pH at which occurs degradation of said at least one organic constituent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a procedure for elimination of boron from sea-water by reverse osmosis membranes characterized in that it comprises: adding to sea-water a composition consisting of at least one metal together with at least one antiscaling-dispersant agent, and a second phase in which an alkalinizing agent is added until a pH of between 8-9.5 is achieved, which can furthermore consist of a third phase in which the fluoride content of the sea-water is increased following the second phase, or a third phase in which a high molecular weight alcohol is added to the water.

Abstract: Process for improving the separation efficiency of residual solid matter from the liquid phase of an aqueous acid hydrolysate of a naturally occurring polysaccharide comprising dissolved sugars, and residual acid wherein a flocculating agent(s) is added to the aqueous mixture in an effective amount, and a process of producing fermentation products comprising the steps of, (i) hydrolysing a particulate polysaccharide based plant derived material in an acid medium, and thereby forming an aqueous mixture comprising dissolved sugar and solid matter, (ii) subjecting the aqueous mixture to one or more separation stages in which solid matter are removed from the aqueous phase, (iii) adjusting the pH of the obtained aqueous phase to a pH of at least 4, (iv) fermenting the dissolved sugars of the aqueous phase by a microorganism to produce a fermentation product, (v) isolating the fermentation product, wherein in at least one separation stage in step (ii) a flocculating agent is added to the aqueous mixture in an effe

Abstract: A process for the treatment of phosphoric acid plant pond water facilitating the recovery of phosphorus values from the input pond water. In certain aspects the process recycles solids from a later stage neutralization and separation into the clarified liquid stream from an initial clarification and neutralization stage. A sufficient amount of solids are added to the clarified liquid stream to effect the pH-dependent precipitation of a phosphate product. In alternative aspects an intermediate pH-dependent precipitation of a phosphate product is achieved through the addition of a neutralizing agent. The phosphate product is further characterized by a low concentration of fluoride. In addition the phosphate product can be further processed to a high purity technical grade phosphoric acid. In certain aspects the process employs flocculating agents to enhance the formation of precipitates. In further aspects, methodologies taught herein facilitate the reduction of silica in the process streams.

Abstract: Modified polysaccharides, acrylamide copolymers, water-soluble amino acid copolymers, and combinations thereof are described for uses including flocculation of solids, particularly flocculation of soil in an agricultural settings and clarification of process waters from oil-sands mining operations. Also described are methods of preparing selected amino acid copolymers and modified polysaccharides.

Abstract: Treatment blends for removing metals from wastewater, method of producing and process of using the same. Treatment of industrial wastewater streams relate to the use of a pretreatment blend and a treatment blend, which remove heavy metals in industrial processes. The aqueous pretreatment blend comprises: 1) ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 2) aluminum sulfate, 3) 85% phosphoric acid, and 4) coagulant. The aqueous treatment blend, which can be used in conjunction with or independent of the pretreatment blend comprises: 1) calcium hydroxide, 2) trimercapto-s-triazine 3) calcium hypochlorite, 4) sodium hydroxide, and 5) coagulant.

Abstract: An apparatus for separating water from oil-based drilling fluid includes an separation tank, a chemical treatment apparatus having one or more de-oiling polymer preparation tanks, and a dissolved air flotation unit. Slop mud is directed into the separation tank where surfactant is added to separate the drilling fluid from oily water. The drilling fluid is drained for further processing. The oily water is removed by an outlet arrangement from the separation tank and directed to an initial treatment line. One or more de-oiling polymers are added to the oily water in the initial treatment line and mixed therewith. The mixture may then be directed to the dissolved air flotation unit where dissolved air is released into the bottom of the mixture. The dissolved air adheres to suspended solids in the mixture and lifts them to the top surface as a froth. The froth is skimmed from the top surface of the mixture and collected.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for stabilizing and conditioning wastewater sludge. The invention is characterized in that it consists in treating sludge in an acid environment (3.0?pH?5.0), with an inorganic acid and two oxidizing agents, that is a ferric iron salt and hydrogen peroxide. The ferric iron salt is used in such an amount as to obtain a concentration ranging between 5 and 40 kg of Fe per ton of dry sludge; the hydrogen peroxide is used in such an amount as to obtain a concentration ranging between 5 and 40 kg of H2O2 per ton of dry sludge; mixing the treated sludge for a time interval sufficient to stabilize the sludge and improve its dehydrability; then flocculating the stabilized sludge by adding an organic polymer; then dehydrating the flocculated sludge. Said method enables to significantly improve the dehydrability properties of the sludge while increasing the dry solid content during its mechanical dehydration.

Abstract: Process involving repeatedly applying some of the liquid composition to the granular filter media to remove water from the liquid composition by passing through the granular filter media with the particulate solids collecting on top surface of granular filter media. Water is first allowed to fill from below to just above the top layer of the filter media. A non-porous liner is located on the inner, bottom surface of the container. A drain pipe, having small openings, is located on top of the liner in the valley. A porous layer of large filter media, with the drain pipe therein, is located in the bottom of the container. A grid having open passageways, with fine filter media therein, is located on top thereof. A layer of fine filtrate sand is located on top of the grid.

Abstract: Solid and liquid concrete waste is collected from a construction site and safely off-loaded at a treatment site. Solid waste is separated and sent to a crusher to be made into road bed aggregate. Liquid waste is put in a first tank to settle the solids, then moved to a second tank to settle remaining fine solids, and moved to a third tank coupled to a circulation pump with CO2 gas injection to lower the pH. The liquid in the third tank is then filtered before discharging for recycle, irrigation or dust control. A precipitate agent is preferable added to the liquid in the third tank to remove heavy metals and the precipitate is periodically backwashed from the filter into the first tank. The sludge created in the settling and filtering process is periodically dewatered in the first tank and mixed with the solid concrete waste sent to the crusher.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for the purification of water, in particular to the removal of surfactants and optionally organic, inorganic and/or biological contaminants from water using adsorption filtration techniques.

Abstract: A wastewater treatment process for treating wastewater comprising a water-based dispersion containing a surfactant, a colorant and silica, as well as other solid matter, wherein the wastewater is treated using a polysilicato-iron coagulant.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are disclosed to purify wastewater of many different compositions by controlling the pH and the flocking of the particulate matter in the water and by gently dewatering the flock produced in the process.

Abstract: A process of producing fermentation product comprising the steps of, (i) forming an acidified suspension of particulate plant derived material comprising a first polysaccharide which is more readily hydrolysable and a second polysaccharide which is more difficult to hydrolysable, (ii) allowing the first polysaccharide to undergo hydrolysis by action of the acid at a temperature of at least 50° C.

Abstract: Presently no chemicals are added in the pulp/paper mills wastewater treatment. There is a loop hole with the Biological Oxygen Demand test utilized. Regulators depend on the Biological Oxygen Demand test. All mills are discharging raw untreated wastes high in Chemical Oxygen Demand, (COD), Total Organic Carbon, (TOC) and COLOR. Liquid Alum solution is added to raw influent. All electrical energy aerated systems are eliminated. All flows from sewers join prior to the entrance to clarifier. The continuous in-line pH controller is proprietary as well as the continuous in-line COD analyzer. Because mills wastewater is amphoteric, it is mandatory that the raw influent pH be adjusted to range of 5.7 to 6.0 for optimum removal efficiencies. Aluminum chloride, ferric chloride and ferrous sulfate may be replaced for alum with higher operating costs. The precipitate is thickened, dewatered and incinerated, and approximately 75% of the chemicals regenerated.

Abstract: A method for removing metal contaminants from water uses lignin derivatives, such as lignosulfonates and kraft lignin, a coagulant, such as a metal salt, and a pH-increasing composition. The lignin derivative is dispersed in the contaminated water, the coagulant is added and the pH is adjusted as required to cause flocculation. A sludge is formed that contains the metals and that is separated from the treated water by filtration. Related methods are used to reduce the leachable metal content of contaminated soils. The invention also provides a composition for stabilizing the metal contaminants in soil, comprising lignin derivatives, a coagulant and a composition for increasing the pH. The mixture is blended with the contaminated soil, reducing its leachable metal content.

Abstract: A process for removing selenium from a water stream, in particular a waste water stream, by: 1) the addition thereto of a ferric salt, followed by 2) the addition of a cupric salt and pH adjustment to a pH value in the range of from about 6.5 to about 8.0, thereby forming a copper-and-selenium-containing precipitate, and 3) removing the copper-and-selenium-containing precipitate to thereby form a treated water stream, is disclosed. The optional precipitation and removal of excess copper ions is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method is provided for removing uranium from water. The method includes the mixing of a boron reagent with water contaminated with uranyl dication ions, leading to removal of the uranium from that water.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of treating manure such that odor from the manure is significantly reduced or eliminated and producing therefrom recyclable water, value-added biosolids and ammonia. Specifically, the manure is combined with lime at high pH. The material is mixed under negative pressure and the basic conditions cause ammonia to be evolved from the manure which is then drawn off and recovered. A coagulating agent is then added which further promotes floc formation within the manure. Following further mixing, flocs are separated from the liquid portion. A struvite-promoting chemical and a coagulant are then added to the liquid portion which causes further floc formation, and the flocs are again separated from the substantially clear liquid. It is of note that as a result of this process, the solids are highly hydrophobic and dry very quickly. It is of further note that solids isolated from either step can be combined and sold, for example, as fertilizer, as discussed below.

Abstract: A composition for treating water contained in enclosures, such as swimming pools, spas, whirlpool tubs and cooling towers, which includes at least one boron compound, cyanuric acid, at least one mineral remover and at least one clarifier is provided. A composition and method for treating salt water contained in enclosures using halogen generators to generate sterilizing halogen in situ, wherein the method includes adding to the water effective amounts of a composition having at least one boron compound, cyanuric acid, at least one mineral remover and at least one clarifier, such that they are present in the water simultaneously is also provided.

Abstract: A method for separating a low biosolids suspension stream into biosolids and water whereby the biosolids contain the majority of the original beneficial nutrients, and the water is substantially free of components harmful to the environment is disclosed. The method relies on the use of a coagulant and a flocculent to bind the colloidal particles and a rotating screen drum separator. Examples detail a composition of manure stream treated with specific coagulant and flocculent that achieve high separation efficiencies and speeds. A composition for binding colloidal fines using a coagulant and flocculent in several industrial uses is also disclosed.

Abstract: An improved method to remove metals, including molybdenum, from industrial wastewater, by chemical precipitation of the metals, followed by settling and dewatering of the precipitate.

Abstract: An animal treatment method comprises flushing the animal waste from a barn to a holding tank where the waste is mixed with an alkaline solution to kill pathogens. After neutralization, the solution is separated into solids and liquids. The liquid is treated and recycled as flushing water to clean the barns and/or drinking water for the animals. The solids are separated into digested and undigested feed. The digested feed is further processed for use as a fertilizer and the undigested feed is processed for use as animal feed.

Abstract: Recycled waste water is treated to remove contaminants and produce a sludge cake with a high percentage of solids and to produce a treated recycled waste water that can be discharged into a municipal sewer system.

Abstract: A method for removing metal compounds from waste water comprising the steps of adjusting the pH of the water to from 5 to 12 and preferable 6 to 9; aerating the waste water; adding a flocculating agent to the water and allowing floccules including metal compounds to form; and separating said floccules including metal compounds from the water. An apparatus for carrying out this method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for treating an effluent stream containing material which it is desired to remove from the effluent stream comprises treating the effluent stream with a solution of an acid and a first polymer to reduce the pH of the thus-treated stream to a range of about 5.5 to about 6.5 and to form a precipitate, treating the thus-treated stream with a second polymer to flocculate the precipitate, filtering the thus-treated effluent to remove the flocculated precipitate, treating the filtered effluent with at least one of a cationic resin, an anionic resin and carbon filtration, and discharging the resultant stream into a public waste treatment facility. Another method for treating an effluent stream having a pH in the range of about pH 2 to about pH 6.

Abstract: A method for recycling sludge during waste-water treatment firstly utilizes a process of chemical coagulation to produce sludge rich in copper ions. The sludge is then leached in a sulfuric acid storage tank with sulfuric acid of concentration 1-2N, whereby a extractive solution with copper enrichment 18-39 g/L and residues can be obtained. The extractive solution is then processed in a refrigeration crystallization tank to form copper sulfate crystals. Further, the residues produced are added into the coagulation tank as a coagulant in the process of chemical coagulation for wastewater treatment, thereby achieving a goal of zero sludge production.

Abstract: Process for selectively removing molybdenum from liquid mixtures containing it, in a quantity greater than (200) mg/l, together with vanadium characterized in that it comprises the following steps: bringing the liquid mixture to a pH of less than (3); adding a solution of an alkaline xanthate to the solution so that the molar ratio molybdenum/alkaline xanthate ranges from (¼) to (?), maintaining the pH constant by means of the addition of an inorganic acid; stirring the mixture causing the precipitation of the molybdenum present in the mixture.

Abstract: A two-step chemical precipitation process involving hydroxide precipitation and sulfide precipitation combined with “field separation ” technology such as magnetic separation, dissolved air flotation, vortex separation, or expanded plastics flotation, effectively removes chelated and non-chelated heavy metal precipitates and other fine particles from water. In the first-step, the non-chelated heavy metals are precipitated as hydroxides and removed from the water by a conventional liquid/solids separator such as an inclined plate clarifier to remove a large percentage of the dissolved heavy metals. The cleaned water is then treated in a second precipitation step to remove the residual heavy metals to meet discharge limits. In the second precipitation step, any metal precipitant more effective than hydroxide for metal precipitation can be used.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of permanganate in the removal of heavy metal contaminants from heavy halide brines. In some embodiments, the present invention discloses methods of treating heavy halide brines that comprise providing a heavy halide brine that comprises a heavy metal contaminant, wherein the heavy metal contaminant comprises water-soluble ions; adding permanganate to the heavy halide brine; allowing a water-insoluble compound to form; and mixing the heavy brine and the water insoluble compound. In other embodiments, the present invention discloses methods of removing heavy metal contaminants from heavy halide brines.

Abstract: First, a primary fluoric ion concentration detection process is performed, and a primary calcium salt addition process is performed to add calcium salt in a first reaction tank, wherein the dosage of the calcium salt in the primary calcium salt addition process is determined according to the detected fluoric ion concentration. Thereupon, a secondary calcium salt addition process is performed to add calcium salt into the second reaction tank. Following that, a solid-liquid separation process is performed to separate calcium fluoride from the wastewater, and a secondary fluoric ion concentration detection process is performed upon the wastewater after the calcium fluoride is separated. Finally, the dosage of the calcium salt in the secondary calcium salt addition process is determined in a feed back control manner according to the detected fluoric ion concentration.

Abstract: A method of treating mine drainage water including the step of adding a scale control agent to the mine drainage water and, optionally, adding an oxidizing agent to the mine drainage water and/or precipitating and settling the metals in their hydroxide form from the water. The treated water may be safely returned to the environment.

Abstract: Agents are used as cleaning agents and also as agents to purify the water in water treatment plants. The agents are a mixture of phosphates and fatty acid salts. Precipitation agents are used such as, polyvalent metals. The pH is adjusted. Flocking agents can be used to increase the rate of separation. The purified water is removed after precipitation.

Abstract: A method which uses a process reactor having three separate reaction stages to remove high concentrations of heavy metals from acidic wastewater and chemical solutions. During each of three stages the pH level of the wastewater is increased and sludge and flocculate organic and metal hydrocyl matters are removed from the wastewater to provide clean water which is discharged in to a sewer system.

Abstract: An apparatus which uses a process reactor having three separate reaction stages to remove high concentrations of 3000 mg/l heavy metals from acidic wastewater and chemical solutions. During each of three stages the pH level of the wastewater is increased and sludge and flocculate organic and metal hydroxyl matters are removed from the wastewater to provide clean water which is discharged in to a sewer system.

Abstract: A process is provided which can be used to clarify substantially aqueous streams and optionally separate biosolids, especially proteins, from food processing operations which comprises contacting an aqueous stream comprising biosolids with an anionic inorganic colloid and an organic polymer to flocculate the biosolids.

Abstract: A method for removing metal contaminants from acidic mine wastewater using lignin derivatives, such as lignosulfonates and kraft lignin, an alkali coagulant, such as a lime compound, and an alkaline composition for increasing the pH. The lignin derivatives are dispersed in the wastewater and the coagulant is added, increasing the pH to about 4.5–8.5 and causing the formation of a floc. The alkaline composition is then added to bring the pH to about 9 to 10, causing the further formation of a floc. Optionally, air oxidation is carried out, reducing the pH to about 8.1–8.6. Optionally, a ferric or ferrous salt may also be added. The flocs comprise metal-lignin colloids, metal hydroxides and metal salts. The flocs coagulate to form a sludge. Optionally, fly ash or diatomaceous earth may be added to increase the density and stability of the sludge. The sludge that is formed contains the metals and is separated from the treated water by filtration.

Abstract: A method for removing metal contaminants from water uses lignin derivatives, such as lignosulfonates and kraft lignin, a coagulant, such as a metal salt, and a pH-increasing composition. The lignin derivative is dispersed in the contaminated water, the coagulant is added and the pH is adjusted as required to cause flocculation. A sludge is formed that contains the metals and that is separated from the treated water by filtration. Related methods are used to reduce the leachable metal content of contaminated soils. The invention also provides a composition for stabilizing the metal contaminants in soil, comprising lignin derivatives, a coagulant and a composition for increasing the pH. The mixture is blended with the contaminated soil, reducing its leachable metal content.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of urea sulfate or urea hydrochloride, or both, in process streams in the paper and pulping industries to control pH, to bring about flocculation or precipitation of various materials, and to replace all or part of the sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and/or papermaking alum used in the paper and pulping industries.

Abstract: A method of treating an oil-containing waste water includes adding, where the waste water has been adjusted to have a pH between eight and twelve and have a temperature not higher than 50° C., a high-cationic flocculant consisting of a high-molecular material selected from among acrylamide-quaternized or salified dimethylaminoethyl acrylate or methacrylate copolymer, and acrylamide-quaternized or salified dimethylaminoethyl acrylate or methacrylate-acrylic acid copolymer, and which constitutes a plurality of polymerized units at least 60 mol % of which have respective cationic functional groups, to the waste water, such that a concentration of the flocculant in the waste water falls between 100 mg/L and 1,000 mg/L, so that at least one fouling component dispersed in the water is flocculated to form a sludge consisting of flocks of the at least one fouling component and thereby separate the at least one fouling component and the water.

Abstract: A method of oxidation or pathogen inactivation in water supplies using the combination of treatments of chlorine dioxide and ozone in the sequential steps prior to filtration and distribution. Results indicate that the addition of chlorine dioxide before prezonation reduces the bromate formation and chlorine dioxide can be substituted for preoxidation with ozone, while maintaining the enhanced filtration effects observed from the presence of a preoxidant. A majority of the chlorite formed from reactions of chlorine dioxide with constituents in raw water are converted to chlorate by the following ozonation step.

Abstract: A method of treating wastewater to increase effluent volatile fatty acid content consisting of providing wastewater to a primary treatment vessel and adding a select quantity of a chemical, typically an aluminum or iron salt, to the wastewater, enhancing the separation of organic matter. Separated organic matter is then removed from the chemically treated wastewater forming a primary sludge and a primary effluent. A portion of the primary sludge is fermented to form a volatile fatty acid rich liquor. The volatile fatty acid rich liquor may then be used with the primary effluent, directed to a bioreactor, thereby forming a volatile fatty acid enriched bioreactor feed. The volatile fatty acid enriched influent may be further treated through known biological phosphorous and nitrogen removal methods.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently removing a metal from wastewater formed by subjecting the liquid waste to wet combustion treatment or wet oxidation treatment, said liquid waste resulting from an acrylic acid production process. Provided is a method for removing a metal from wastewater formed by subjecting at least a part of liquid waste to wet combustion treatment or wet oxidation treatment, said liquid waste resulting from an acrylic acid production process involving the steps of forming acrylic acid through catalytic vapor phase oxidation of at least one of propane, propylene, and acrolein, and purifying the acrylic acid through distillation, wherein the method comprises the steps of: (a) removing a solid content from the wastewater; (b) removing carbonate ions and carbonate salts from the treated liquid obtained by the step (a); and (c) removing a metal from the treated liquid from the step (b).

Abstract: A method of treating mine drainage water including the step of adding a scale control agent to the mine drainage water and, optionally, adding an oxidizing agent to the mine drainage water and/or precipitating and settling the metals in their hydroxide form from the water. The treated water may be safely returned to the environment.

Abstract: A two-step chemical precipitation process involving hydroxide precipitation and sulfide precipitation combined with “field separation” technology such as magnetic separation, dissolved air flotation, vortex separation or expanded plastics flotation, effectively removes chelated and non-chelated heavy metal precipitates and other fine particles from water. In the first-step, the non-chelated heavy metals are precipitated as hydroxides and removed from the water by a conventional liquid/solids separator such as an inclined plate clarifier to remove a large percentage of the dissolved heavy metals. The cleaned water is then treated in a second precipitation step to remove the residual heavy metals to meet discharge limits. In the second precipitation step, any metal precipitant more effective than hydroxide for metal precipitation can be used.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for treating a chromate waste liquid containing an organic acid component. This process includes (a) adding a chromium precipitation accelerating agent containing at least one of a calcium component and a magnesium component, to the chromate waste liquid; and (b) adjusting the chromate waste liquid to having a first pH of 9 or higher, thereby precipitating a chromium component from the chromate waste liquid and thereby reducing a concentration of a dissolved chromium component of the chromate waste liquid.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process and an additive package for removing oil from solid material recovered from a well bore, e.g., drill cuttings and produced sand. In this process, the solid material is passed from the well bore to a separation zone. An aqueous acidic solution containing a polymer substituted with an amino group is introduced to the separation zone containing the solid material along with a halogenating agent and optionally one or more surfactants. The polymer, halogenating agent, and optional surfactant constitute the additive package. The polymer substituted with an amino group is preferably chitosan, and the halogenating agent is preferably a sodium hypochlorite solution. The mixture formed in the separation zone is agitated to cause a product of a reaction between the polymer and the halogenating agent to contact the solid material and remove residual oil therefrom.

Abstract: A method of treating spent alkaline pulping liquor (black liquor) includes the steps of providing black liquor containing lignin, and acidulating a phosphate containing material, wherein phosphoric acid is generated by the acidulating step. The black liquor is mixed with phosphoric acid from the acidulated phosphate containing material, wherein lignin is separated and clarified liquor results. The method can include the step of adding a water soluble, surface active, polymeric, coagulant agent to the black liquor before mixing with the phosphoric acid from the phosphate containing material. The clarified liquor comprises anion species including phosphate.