Abstract: An apparatus and method for maximizing the dissolved concentration of ozone in a liquid. The apparatus includes a dissolution tank having a pressure vessel configured to contain a treated fluid and at least one gas in a head space above the treated fluid, an inlet configured to permit passage of an untreated fluid into the head space, and an outlet configured to permit passage of the treated fluid out of the vessel; a gas supply system configured to transport the at least one gas to the head space; a fluid supply system configured to provide the untreated fluid tank; a bleed-off system for removing gas from the head space so as to maximize the dissolved concentration of the ozone gas in the liquid; and a discharge device configured to pass the treated fluid from the tank into the target liquid.

Abstract: An aqueous solution containing an alkali metal compound solute and organic compound contaminants may be treated with ozone to oxidize and/or dissolve the organic contaminants. Treating the aqueous solution with ozone may decrease color contaminants in the alkali metal compound and may also decrease foaming in subsequent crystallization of the alkali metal compound.

Abstract: A method of treatment of water in an aquatic environment. Water is first pumped from a reservoir to a first mixing station. An inert gas is introduced into the pumped water at the first mixing station to provide inert gas saturated water, which inert gas saturated water will displace undesired gasses in the water in the reservoir. The inert gas saturated water is then pumped to a sparging column such that the inert gas and undesired gasses will be released from the inert gas saturated water to provide depleted water.

Abstract: A method for collapsing a microbubble includes applying stimulation to the microbubble during the gradual decrease of the its size. As a result, the microbubble floating in a solution that decreases in size due to the natural dissolution of a gas contained in the microbubble and disappears after a while, has the speed of its size decrease enhanced and causes the microbubble to disappear.

Abstract: A system and method for treating an aqueous effluent having organic material. The system comprises a single cell reactor having an injector for injecting an oxidizing gas into the reactor. Disposed downstream from the injector is an immersed membrane filtration device for filtering the effluent contained or passing through the reactor. Disposed between the membrane filtration device and the injector for directing an oxidizing gas into the reactor, is a bed of catalyst material. Preferably the oxidizing gas injector injects an oxidizing gas in a direction co-currently the direction of the effluent being treated. The bed of catalyst material is capable of catalyzing the oxidation of the organic material in the effluent or absorbing the organic material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ozone oxidation accelerator containing a compound of which a 0.5% by mass aqueous solution at 25° C. has a dynamic surface tension at 100 msec of 70 mN/m or less and a dynamic surface tension at 30 sec of 55 to 67 mN/m, and an ozone oxidation accelerator composition containing the ozone oxidation accelerator. The present invention also relates to an ozone treatment method including a step of supplying ozone into water to be treated that contains a substance to be treated, in the presence of the ozone oxidation accelerator composition.

Abstract: A portable, personal advanced-oxidation water treatment system based on ozone and a catalyst such as titanium dioxide that can cycle and purify water to make it portable by removing organic contaminants. The unit can be used for long periods of time without having to replenish the active portions. The unit can be carried in a backpack or in a vehicle. Fresh water is typically loaded into the unit, and the unit is cycled until the water is pure enough to drink. A battery is used to produce ozone and to cycle the water through a reaction vessel and can optionally be charged with a small solar panel The unit can also be powered directly from a vehicle.

Abstract: Disclosed are apparatuses and methods for purifying water. In some embodiments, the apparatuses include a chamber into which liquid to be purified can be delivered, and an ozone generator that generates ozone for mixture with the liquid in the chamber, the ozone generator comprising a surface discharge device that creates ozone from air. In further embodiments, the liquid is atomized into a fine mist and mixed with the ozone to increase the rate of purification.

Abstract: A combined compact hot and ozonated cold water unit which comprises a framework that accommodates a hot water heater device, a ozone generator device and a combined temporary storage tank having both a hot water compartment and a separate cold water compartment. The hot water heater device is connected with the hot water compartment of the combined temporary storage tank for heating the water contained therein. The ozone generator device is connected with only the water compartment of the combined temporary storage tank for supplying ozone to the water contained therein.

Abstract: Method for treating contaminants at a site, especially a deep well site, includes delivering a first stream of a first gas to a first port of a laminar microporous diffuser and delivering a second stream of a second gas to a second port of the laminar microporous diffuser to effect mixing of the first and second streams of gases within the laminar microporous diffuser.

Abstract: A beverage dispenser has a simple configuration that prevents invasion of bacteria into a tank or a raw water container. An air intake 13 is provided on the top of a cold tank 4 so that air is taken in as the water level in the tank is lowered, and an air chamber 14 having an air inlet 16 for the outside air is connected to the air intake 13. In the air chamber 14, an ozone generator 15 generating ozone from oxygen in the air from the air inlet 16 is provided so that bacteria included in the air from outside is killed in the air chamber 14 connected to the air intake 13 by the excellent bactericidal effect of ozone. Invasion of bacteria into the tank or the raw water container is thus prevented with this simple configuration.

Abstract: Method for bringing ozone into contact with a flow of liquid in which a fraction of the liquid flow is tapped off, a carrier gas laden with ozone is injected into the tapped-off flow, forming gas bubbles, the gas bubbles and the liquid are mixed so as to form a two-phase tapped-off flow, and the tapped-off flow is reintroduced into a descending vertical stream of the main liquid flow, this vertical stream undergoing, at the bottom, a change of direction to essentially the horizontal, the reintroduction of the tapped-off flow being carried out at the lower end of an injection tube immersed in the descending vertical stream of the main flow.

Abstract: An ozone purification system for wastewater comprising an ozone diffusion reactor installable in or in fluid communication with wastewater collection tanks of septic or other wastewater systems. The reactor includes a pump that circulates wastewater through a gas-liquid mixing device, a contact volume, and a static mixer. The contact volume comprises an elongate length of contact piping and the static mixing chamber is configured to impart turbulence into the flow of the circulated wastewater and ozone gas.

Abstract: Advanced oxidation process namely ozonation and Fenton's (hydrogen peroxide/Fe:2+) were utilized to degrade kinetic hydrate inhibitor (KHI). The oxidized solution after scavenging oxygen can be successfully disposed to the injection well. This facilitates use of KHI more frequently and in higher concentrations for future projects oil & gas operations. It also offers an alternative that competes efficiently with thermodynamic hydrate inhibitor (THI) or complements THI.

Abstract: An advanced treatment method of feed water by combination of metal zinc and ozone is provided. The advanced treatment method of feed water comprises putting metal zinc into an ozone contact reactor, adding water to be treated into the reactor at a flow rate of 1-50 m/h, at the same time, introducing ozone into the water such that the ozone, the metal zinc and the water can be contacted with each other fully. The hydraulic retention time of the water to be treated in the reactor is 1-200 min. The amount of the ozone which is introduced into the water to be treated is 0.1-100 mg per liter water. During the water treatment process of the invention, the metal ions cannot be lost, the secondary pollution cannot be caused, and the preparation technology is simple with low cost and good treatment effect.

Abstract: Methods and systems for producing, trading, transporting, and storing commodities are disclosed. More specifically, methods and systems for producing, trading, transporting, and storing large quantities of water having specific characteristics are provided. Methods for transferring title and trading commodities in the form of water are disclosed. Various transport systems are disclosed, including devices and methods for utilizing preexisting vessels to carry different liquid cargoes which should not contact one another.

Abstract: A system is described herein which provides an ozonated liquid. The system comprises a liquid inlet arranged to continuously accept a liquid into the system at a desired flow rate; a liquid outlet to dispense ozonated liquid out of the system, the ozonated liquid having an oxidation-reduction potential of at least 450 mV due solely to ozone dissolved in the liquid, the liquid outlet being in fluid communication with the liquid inlet and arranged to dispense the ozonated liquid out of the system at the desired flow rate. The system has a tank-less ozonation flow path between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet, the flow path adapted to ozonate the accepted liquid, producing the ozonated liquid to be dispensed out of the system. The accepted liquid has a fluid residence time in the ozonation flow path of less than 5 minutes prior to being dispensed as the ozonated liquid.

Abstract: The formation of bromate (BrO3?) from bromide ion in water during ozone treatment of the water is inhibited by inclusion of a compound of formula I: where each of R1 and R2 is an oxygen-containing electron-withdrawing substituent effective to resonance stabilize an alkoxy radical of compound I, and R3 is an alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl group. The water may be further treated with an additional oxidant such as hydrogen peroxide. The compound of formula I is effective to inhibit formation of bromate from bromide present in the water, without impairing the oxidative remediation of the water.

Abstract: A water filter-pitcher includes a water pitcher with at least two chambers separated by at least one filter, and an ozone generator to generate ozone for sanitizing at least internal surfaces of said two chambers.

Abstract: A method for keeping ozone of high concentration while turning on an electrolysis-type ozone device is provided with an ozone generator, a pure water tank, a pipe, another pipe, the other pipe, an ozone gas delivery pipe, and a DC power supply that provides electricity for the ozone generator and the controlling valve. When the ozone generator is turned off for a period, the DC power supply continues providing a half-loaded current for the ozone generator to operate; wherein, the half-loaded current is half smaller than a full-loaded current. When a predetermined time is reached, the DC power supply instantly offers the full-loaded current to the ozone generator, thereby triggering the ozone generator to automatically operate. The method automatically turns on the ozone generator to produce new ozone gas after the ozone device is turned off and stops discharging the ozone gas or the ozone water.

Abstract: The present invention provides a ballast water treatment system including a reaction tank in which raw water and ozone are imported and made to react each other for a predetermined period of time to kill microorganisms existing in raw water, an ozone decomposer in which water containing residual ozone discharged from the reaction tank is imported and the residual ozone is decomposed, and a circulation pump installed between the reaction tank and ozone decomposer, forming a circulation system which removes the residual ozone by means of circulating the water containing the residual ozone between the reaction tank and ozone decomposer. Accordingly, this system dispenses with a deaeration tank which would require a wide space for installation, small cost and is able to be applied to existing ships easily.

Abstract: The present invention provides a ballast water treatment system including a reaction tank in which raw water and ozone are imported and made to react each other for a predetermined period of time to kill microorganisms existing in raw water, an ozone decomposer in which water containing residual ozone discharged from the reaction tank is imported and the residual ozone is decomposed, and a circulation pump installed between the reaction tank and ozone decomposer, forming a circulation system which removes the residual ozone by means of circulating the water containing the residual ozone between the reaction tank and ozone decomposer. Accordingly, this system dispenses with a deaeration tank which would require a wide space for installation, small cost and is able to be applied to existing ships easily.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ozone water that has the potential to find useful applications in a wide variety of technical fields and is capable of maintaining the effects of wiping out microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses and the like and inhibiting the growth thereof over long periods. The present invention provides ozone nano-bubbles capable of staying in a solution for an extended period of time and a method for producing the ozone nano-bubbles by instantaneously shrinking the diameters of ozone microbubbles contained in an aqueous solution by the application of a physical irritation to the ozone microbubbles in an aqueous solution.

Abstract: A portable ozonation apparatus for storing and purifying liquids includes a container having an opening for receiving a liquid and a treatment cap. The treatment cap is preferably detachably mounted to the container at the opening. Preferably, the treatment cap includes a main body portion having provided therein an electricity generating device and an ozone generating device. With this arrangement, un-purified liquid, such as water, is introduced into the container. The container is then inverted to bring the un-purified liquid into contact with the ozone generating device. At this point, the electricity generating device is activated to deliver an electrical current to the ozone generating device. Once powered, the ozone generating device produces ozone which is introduced into the liquid container. The ozone gas transforms un-purified liquid into a purified liquid suitable for consumption.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of sanitizing drinking water to be dispensed from a water dispenser having a reservoir includes the steps of providing the ozone gas generator that generates an ozone gas stream, transmitting the ozone gas stream from the generator to the water dispenser reservoir, mechanically breaking up the ozone gas stream inside the reservoir to produce ozone gas bubbles, and using the ozone gas bubbles to disinfect water in the reservoir. The ozone gas stream can be mechanically broken up using a pump such as, for example, an impeller type pump.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of purifying fluid, typically an aqueous fluid steam, with the method involving at least two reverse osmosis stages with retentate from a first reverse osmosis stage being subjected to the second reverse osmosis stage, and with intermediate treatment of retentate from the first reverse osmosis stage by exposure to an electric field. The intermediate treatment may involve electrocoagulation to remove sparingly-soluble compounds and permit enhanced reverse osmosis recovery. Additional treatment may be performed prior to the first reverse osmosis stage, between the first reverse osmosis stage and the intermediate treatment with an electric field, between such intermediate treatment and the second reverse osmosis stage, or after the second reverse osmosis stage.

Abstract: A sustainable method and system for treating and maintaining bodies of water at low cost for low density recreational use is disclosed. A system of the invention generally includes at least one containing means, at least one coordination means, at least one chemical application means, at least one non-intrusive mobile suction means, and at least one filtration means. The coordinating means can receive information regarding water quality parameters that are controlled, and can timely activate the processes necessary to adjust the water quality parameters within their respective limits. The disclosed methods and system filter only a small fraction of the total water volume, up to 200 times less per day than the flow filtered by conventional swimming pool filtration systems. The disclosed methods and system also use less chemicals, up to 100 times less than conventional swimming pool water treatment systems.

Abstract: A system for reducing or preventing the growth of organisms in the process water used to coat glass fibers with a formaldehyde-free binder composition. One or more biocides is added to the process water that mitigates the growth of microbes in the water. The biocides are added in an amount sufficient to minimize growth of organisms without adversely affecting the application of the binder composition to the glass fibers.

Abstract: Disclosed are bioreactor systems and methods to transfer a gaseous composition into a liquid composition in a closed environment. Also disclosed are bioreactor systems and methods for high-density culture of microorganisms and stably culture of activated sludge.

Abstract: This invention aims at providing a beverage dispenser with a simple configuration that prevents invasion of bacteria into a tank or a raw water container. An air intake 13 is provided on the top of a cold tank 4 so that air is taken in as water level in the tank is lowered, and an air chamber 14 having an air inlet 16 for the outside air is connected to the air intake 13. In the air chamber 14, an ozone generator 15 generating ozone from oxygen in the air from the air inlet 16 is provided so that bacteria included in the air from outside is killed in the air chamber 14 connected to the air intake 13 by excellent bactericidal effect of ozone. Invasion of bacteria into the tank or the raw water container is thus prevented with this simple configuration.

Abstract: An exemplary apparatus (100), for removing buoyant pollutants from a polluted coolant, includes a collecting device (10) and a removing device (20). The collecting device includes a pollutant collecting structure (11) and a bi-directional pump (12). The pollutant collecting structure includes a hollow tub (112) and a collecting module (113) slidable relative to the hollow tub. The bi-directional pump communicates with the hollow tub and the removing device. The removing device includes a filter (21) and a pollutant removing structure (22) disposed on the filter. The filter includes a filtrating unit (211). The filtrating unit is partitioned into a first cavity (2132) and a second cavity (2133) by a partition sheet (213). The partitioning board defines a communicating gap (2131) for the first cavity and the second cavity to communicate with each other. The pollutant removing structure includes a removing member (221) for removing the buoyant pollutants out of the filter.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for efficient implementation and control of water treatment bypass loops combining ozone and chlorine injection are disclosed. Combined use of ozone and chlorine exploits high oxidation potential of ozone while retaining longer lived residual effectiveness of chlorine for high efficacy against contaminants, particularly biological and organic. Embodiments including automated monitoring and control of chlorine concentrations in presence of high oxidation potentials from ozone are disclosed, as is an inexpensive circuit for using a signal from a redox sensor for controlling output from an electrolysis cell. Also disclosed is a multipurpose enclosure that may be used, with different inserts, to implement an electrolysis cell, an ultraviolet ozone generator, an advanced oxidation unit, or an erosion feeder for adding dissolved salt to water for use in an electrolysis cell.

Abstract: A method of making an aqueous ozone solution for an industrial cleaning system is described. The method includes providing a reaction vessel for entraining ozone gas in an aqueous solution. The reaction vessel includes a conical-shaped surface having a two or more edges or ridges. The conical-shaped surface defines an interior, and two or more edges or ridges are in contact with the interior. The reaction vessel is in fluidic communication with a supply of water. The reaction vessel is in fluidic communication with a supply of a first aqueous ozone solution. The first aqueous ozone solution is directed to the conical-shaped surface. Water is directed to the conical-shaped surface, and the water and the first aqueous ozone solution are mixed to form a second aqueous ozone solution.

Abstract: A device for purifying a liquid in particular water is provided with an ozonating unit for treatment of said liquid with ozone and with a storage reservoir hydraulically connected to the ozonation unit. The device is provided with recirculation means for recirculating said treated liquid from said storage reservoir through a recirculation line. The recirculation line is provided with at least one filtration unit.

Abstract: A photocatalytic reactor with a modular configuration, based on UV light sources and a catalyst, useful for purifying and disinfecting wastewater from confined aquaculture, using Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP), wherein the catalyst is supported over glass sheets as fixed strips within the reactor, at an established distance from the UV light source, and wherein the wastewater is treated as “batches” being re-circulated and returned to the circuit. The wastewater is fed through the lower end of the reactor and submitted to a strong turbulence when passing through perforations or holes made on the supports forming the floors that separate the reaction chambers.

Abstract: The invention concerns a water treatment method including a step of clarification, followed by an ozonization step and at least one filtration step, wherein after the clarification step (1), one fraction of the main stream of water is diverted (9); said diverted fraction of water is circulated counter-current (7) to an ozone-rich carrier gas, and the ozone-enriched fraction of water is diluted in the main stream.

Abstract: A processor for decontaminating devices is comprised of a chamber for holding devices and a circulation system to circulate a microbial decontamination fluid through the chamber. A water filtration system filters water used in the processor. The water filtration system has a water line connectable to a source of pressurized water. A water decontamination system fluidly communicates with the source of water and the processor. The water decontamination system has a water circulation path and a tank located within the water circulation path. Means are provided to circulate water along the water circulation path through the tank. A gas circulation path fluidly communicates with the tank. Conveying means is provided to convey gas along the gas circulation path through the tank. An ozone producing device is located along the gas circulation path to introduce ozone into gas flowing along the gas circulation path and through the tank.

Abstract: A fluid treatment apparatus provided with a diffuser, the diffuser comprising a porous wall and an inlet coupled to an ozone tube to provide ozone to the porous wall, is disclosed. The apparatus is constructed to, in use, provide a flow of fluid along the surface of the porous wall and provide a flow comprising ozone to the porous wall via the ozone tube. The ozone will be added through the porous wall to the flow of fluid. The apparatus may have a fluid guidance member having an inlet port to let fluid to be treated into the apparatus and an outlet port to let treated fluid out of the apparatus and the diffuser is positioned in between the inlet and the outlet.

Abstract: A process for treating a recovered wellbore fluid, where the process includes contacting an aqueous wellbore fluid with ozone, wherein the aqueous wellbore fluid comprises organic contaminants; and separating the aqueous wellbore fluid into an organic phase and a clarified water phase is disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved water treatment apparatus. The treatment apparatus is pressurized and operates on a continuous flow of fluids which are subjected to hydrodynamic waves, acoustic ultrasonic waves in combination with injected ozone. The treatment tank includes a tangential inlet that induces a rotating flow into the tank thereby increasing the mixing of the ozone within the effluent. The ozonated fluid is further electro chemically treated with DC current. The treatment tank provides a cost efficient and environmentally friendly process and apparatus for cleaning and recycling fluids as contaminated as frac water, used to stimulate gas production from shale formations, as well as other types of fluids having various levels of contaminants such as aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and suspended solids.

Abstract: A method for removing helminth egg and other suspended solids from a wastewater stream includes directing the wastewater to a ballasted flocculation system and adding a coagulation agent, flocculation agent and a ballast into the wastewater. Sludge is settled from the wastewater in a settling tank at a rate of at least 10 meters per hour. The method further includes removing helminth egg by filtering the effluent through a fine screen having a mesh diameter of approximately 5 micrometers to approximately 25 micrometers. After passing through the fine screen, the filtered effluent has less than one helminth egg per liter.

Abstract: An apparatus for disinfecting surfaces and in particular human and animal wounds, includes a contractor for accumulating concentrated ozonated water and systems to deliver ozonated water from the reservoir to a nozzle having one or more jets for delivering a spray of ozonated water on to the surface to be treated. The nozzle has an encircling shroud and systems are provided for withdrawing ozonated gas liberated at the nozzle from around the nozzle. A collection tray is provided which is located under the surface/wound to be treated to receive ozonated water flowing from the treatment region and where any residual ozone is broken down.

Abstract: A system for water purification, filtration and item sanitization are described herein. In one embodiment, a water filtration device uses an extruded carbon sheet or granulated activated carbon to filter unpurified, gravity-fed water. A filtering medium is provided within a lower opening of an upper reservoir for filtering unfiltered water passing therethrough, the filtering medium being located above and not extending into a lower reservoir. The device can be a stand-alone water container or incorporated within a water purification system having a further purification technology located in a base in fluid communication with the water container. The base can include controls for informing a user when the water filtration or item sanitization has been completed. Practical applications include drinking water filtration, sanitization of household items, medical equipment, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating fluids, characterised in the steps of radiating the fluid with UV light, producing and dispersing gas bubbles in the fluid in the rays of the UV light, in order to increase the scattering of the UV light in the liquid. The invention also relates to a device for performing the method.

Abstract: Corrosion Resistant Ozone Generators, including ozone generating chips, for various purposes including spas, pools and jetted tubs as well as methods for making and using such Corrosion Resistant Ozone Generators.

Abstract: A process to reduce or prevent biofouling, by destroying or deactivating microbiological content of feedwater, or other liquid, prior to its entrance into membranes or process equipment, such as heat transfer equipment. The process comprises the use of electrical discharge and/or electric fields to destroy microbes that result in the biofouling of surfaces. By destroying the microbiological content of the water the microbiology no longer is able to create a restricting biofilm upon or within said process equipment.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method, apparatus and system for the treatment of organic and inorganic waste in a waste fluid. The method involves a co-current plug flow of fluid in a reactor in which ozone mass transfer conforms to the effective life of the ozone used in the treatment. Hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide can be added to the waste fluid. The combined fluids to be treated travel the reactor through a series of surfaces in a packed reactor. The apparatus includes a diffuser for ozone which assists in the co-current plug flow of fluids. The diffuser can have a porosity of about 10 microns. The invention further envisions a compact system for efficient treatment of waste fluids.

Abstract: An aerobic spa system comprising a water source providing water, an ozone source providing ozone, an ozone introduction mechanism adapted to introduce at least some of the ozone into the water, an ozone saturation mechanism adapted to cause at least some of the ozone to be dissolved into the water, a substantially enclosed chamber receiving water containing dissolved ozone; and a user at least partially disposed inside the chamber who comes into contact with the water containing dissolved ozone.

Abstract: A method of removing contaminates from sour water is provided. The method includes producing raw sour water within a syngas production system, and removing the contaminates from the raw sour water using a chemical reaction within a treatment unit to produce treated sour water. The treatment unit is in flow communication with the syngas production system.

Abstract: Apparatuses for removal of volatile organic compounds in a soil formation include a microporous diffuser for injecting air and gaseous ozone as bubbles into water in the soil formation. The gaseous ozone is present at concentrations to effect removal of volatile organic compounds by the gaseous ozone reacting with the volatile organic compound(s). Injection of air and gaseous ozone is controlled by a timer to allow separation of bubbles by size. In various embodiments, a plurality of microporous diffusers may be controlled by a single timer or each of the plurality of microporous diffusers may be controlled by one of a plurality of timers.