Abstract: A capillary guide device (40) includes: a guide body portion (41) capable of being in contact with a capillary (8) held in a hole (7h); and a drive portion (42) which arranges the guide body portion (41) at a position capable of being in contact with the capillary (8) by moving the guide body portion (41) along an X-axis direction. The drive portion (42) includes: a table (46) connected to the guide body portion (41); a drive shaft (47b) extending in the X-axis direction and exhibiting a frictional resistance force with the table (46); and an ultrasonic element (47a) fixed to an end of the drive shaft (47b) and supplying an ultrasonic wave to the drive shaft (47b).

Abstract: A bonding head for a die bonding apparatus and a die bonding apparatus including the bonding head, the bonding head including a head body; a thermal pressurizer mounted on a lower surface of the head body, the thermal pressurizer being configured to hold and heat at least one die and including a heater having a first heating surface that faces a held surface of the die; and a thermal compensator at an outer region of the die, the thermal compensator extending downwardly from the lower surface of the head body and including at least one thermal compensating block having a second heating surface that emits heat from a heating source therein and that faces a side surface of the die held on the thermal pressurizer.

Abstract: An electric component manufacturing device includes a preheater that contacts and preheats a transported work, a melting heater that is downstream of the preheater in a transport direction of the work and contacts and heats the work at a temperature which is higher than a temperature of the preheater and at which a solder melts, a cooler that is downstream of the melting heater in the transport direction and contacts and cools the work, and a transporter that supports and transports the work to sequentially contact the preheater, the melting heater, and the cooler in this order. The transporter performs intermittent transport in which the work is transported from the preheater to the melting heater without stopping to contact both the preheater and the melting heater at the same time, and then the work stops on the melting heater.

Abstract: A heat exchanger brazing fixture including a baseplate including a first surface and a second surface located opposite the first surface and a first post including a first end and a second end located opposite the first end. The first post is operably associated with the first surface of the baseplate at the first end. The A heat exchanger brazing fixture further including a top plate operably connected to the first post and separated from the first surface of the baseplate by a selected distance. The top plate being configured to move in a first direction along the first post when a heat exchanger resting upon the first surface of the baseplate expands during a brazing process.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manufacturing a brazed heat exchanger. The method includes the steps of: assembling the heat exchanger components to form at least one unbrazed heat exchanger core in a core builder machine; without removing the at least one heat exchanger core from the core builder machine, enclosing the heat exchanger core with a brazing tool arrangement adapted to form a chamber, optionally, evacuating the chamber and/or filling the chamber with a controlled atmosphere; brazing the heat exchanger core in the chamber to form a brazed heat exchanger.

Abstract: A hand held tool (10, 60, 70) for use by an optician in bending the temples (120) of a pair of eyeglasses includes an elongated handle portion (12, 62, 72) capable of being held in the palm of the optician's hand. A mandrel including a convexly formed anvil (14, 64, 74) with a nonslip upper surface (67, 77a) extends from a first end of the handle portion. A concavely formed thumb recess (16, 66, 76) is located adjacent the first end of the handle portion and is located opposite the anvil (14, 64, 74). The optician's thumb (100) fits within the recess when the handle portion is being held. The free end (110) of an eyeglass temple is placed over the mandrel (14, 64, 74) and is bent over the mandrel by the optician.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing an assembled cross car beam. That method includes the steps of assembling component parts together to produce an assembled cross car beam, scanning and measuring, by a scanning device the assembled cross car beam and creating component locators in correct positions on the assembled cross car beam for the subsequent installation of component parts such as AHU and instrument panel components.

Abstract: A platform for constraining a workpiece includes x-y stage connected to a base, wherein the x-y stage includes a floor and a y-axis datum and a x-axis datum aligned along a first axis and a second axis perpendicular to the first axis, respectively, and a primary constraint mechanism on the x-y stage. The primary constraint mechanism includes an x-axis wedge, a primary y-axis wedge and a primary z-axis clamp, and a primary linear actuator with a rod extendable and retractable parallel to the second axis. A primary linear actuator slides the x-axis wedge away from the x-axis datum, slides the primary y-axis wedge away from the y-axis datum, and rotates the primary z-axis clamp away from the workpiece. The primary z-axis clamp is attached to a cam with a pinion gear that engages a rack gear connected to the rod of the primary linear actuator.

Abstract: In various embodiments, apparatuses for receiving and supporting one or more components during processing thereof at process temperatures greater than approximately 1000° C. feature refractory metal shelves separated by refractory metal support posts.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to SMD mounting. The teachings thereof may be embodied in heating elements having a mounting side for SMD mounting, the mounting side being available for placing onto a substrate, for example in the form of a circuit carrier, electronic assemblies with a circuit carrier and a component, and/or methods for producing an electronic assembly having a circuit carrier and a component placed on the circuit carrier. For example, a heating element may include: a mounting side for SMD mounting; a housing enclosing a cavity; and a reactive substance in the cavity that reacts exothermically at a reaction temperature T1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymerizable composition, comprising a polymerizable monomer of formula (I), a copolymerizable UV-initiator, at least one copolymerizable (meth)acrylic monomer: R1—(OCH2CH2)n-L-OC(O)—CR2?CH2??Formula (I) wherein R1 is hydrogen or a C1-C6 alkyl group, n is an integer from 1 to 100, L is a single bond or a divalent linking group, preferably a single bond or a C1-6 alkylene group, and R2 is hydrogen or a CH3 group; and optionally (d) at least one copolymerizable non-acrylate monomer; wherein the amount of the polymerizable monomer of formula (I) is between 2.5 and 40% by weight of the total of all polymerizable monomers (a), (b), (c) and (d). The invention also relates to a random copolymer obtained by reacting the polymerizable composition, a crosslinked product of the random copolymer and an adhesive composite material comprising the random copolymer or the crosslinked product on a substrate.

Abstract: An example method of attaching an airfoil for an integrally bladed rotor includes placing a support collar in an installed position around at least a leading edge and trailing edge of an airfoil stub to be repaired in an integrally bladed rotor. The support collar and the airfoil stub together have a midline that is positioned between opposing, laterally outer surfaces of the airfoil stub when the support collar is in the installed position. The method performs linear friction welding to add a replacement airfoil to the airfoil stub.

Abstract: A waterproof, heat-proof, and fire-proof protective cover for a hot barbecue grill or other cooking apparatus. In one embodiment, the protective cover includes a waterproof flexible outside shell conforming generally to the shape of the hot barbecue grill and having an underside, and at least one inside flexible shell coupled to the underside of the outside shell. The inside shell includes at least one heat-dissipating material disposed to contact a hot portion of the hot barbecue grill when the protective cover is placed thereon.

Abstract: An improved in-track welder eliminates conduction path force members and employs separate bridging current path conductors for DC welding of rail ends. The enhancement allows for an increased closure distance, thus improving cold-weather operations. An increased allowable distance between conduction contacts allows for the incorporation of an internal shear member for more efficient finishing of welds. The force members may be optimized for strength rather than electrical properties, and are comprised of relatively small diameter alloy steel rods.

Abstract: The invention relates to a mounting device in an aircraft. In one aspect of the invention, a method is disclosed for assembling a metal securement member of the mounting device. In another aspect of the invention, a mounting device is disclosed. In another aspect of the invention, a method is disclosed for installing and using a mounting device in an aircraft.

Abstract: A high temperature brazing fixture and method of manufacture for a gas turbine component made of a superalloy is disclosed herein. The high temperature brazing fixture includes a first and second frame member, a support member, and positioning member, all of which are made from the superalloy and fastened together using tab and tab lock couplings. The support member is configured to interface with and support the gas turbine engine component, and the positioning member is configured to interface with and position at least a first location of or hold a first dimension of the gas turbine component.

Abstract: The invention relates to a friction stir welding apparatus for joining workpieces 1, 2, having a welding pin 3, which is rotatable about its center axis 9 by means of a drive, and having at least one clamping apparatus for clamping the workpieces 1, 2 to be joined, characterized in that the clamping apparatus comprises at least two clamping elements 10, 11, which respectively have an undercut guideway 12, the guideways 12 being arranged parallel to one another and parallel to a joining region 8, in that between the clamping elements 10, 11 is arranged a sliding element 13, which is secured by the guideways 12 against the workpieces 1, 2 and is translatorily displaceable along the guideways 12, and in that the sliding element 12 is provided with an opening 14 for the lead-through of the welding pin 3, and further relates to a method for friction stir welding, using the above-stated apparatus.

Abstract: A welding fixture holds a first workpiece and a second workpiece in a plurality of configurations. The welding fixture includes a fixture base plate, a first toggle clamp configured to apply a clamping force substantially perpendicular to the fixture base plate, a second toggle clamp configured to apply a clamping force substantially parallel to the fixture base plate, and a workpiece support plate. The plurality of configurations for the first workpiece and the second workpiece include at least a horizontal lap configuration in which the first workpiece and the second workpiece are oriented substantially parallel to each other and to the fixture base plate, a vertical lap configuration in which the first workpiece and the second workpiece are oriented substantially parallel to each other and substantially perpendicular to the fixture base plate, and a T configuration in which the first workpiece is oriented substantially perpendicular to the second workpiece.

Abstract: Provided are a vehicle body assembling method and a vehicle body assembling device that are space-saving and economical. The vehicle body assembling method includes: a first holding step (S2) for holding a floor complete 1 by a first jig 9; a second holding step (S3) for holding a roof arch by a second jig; a jig connecting step (S4) for connecting the first jig and the second jig; a third holding step (S5) for holding side inner completes by the first jig and the second jig; and welding steps (S6 to S9) for forming an inner frame by welding.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an LED light bar comprises: providing a reflow oven and a clamping device mounted on a transmitting belt of the reflow oven, the reflow oven comprising a heating area and a cooling area; providing a semi-finished LED light bar comprising a printed circuit board and a plurality of LEDs arranged on the print circuit board with solder paste applied between the LEDs and the printed circuit board, and mounting the semi-finished LED light bar in the clamping device; and starting the reflow oven and thus the transmitting belt carrying the clamping device and the semi-finished LED light bar moving together to pass through the reflow oven, whereby the solder paste is firstly melted in the heating area and then solidified in the cooling area to fix the LEDs on the printed circuit board to form the LED light bar.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the production of a piston (1), composed of a piston upper part (2) and a piston lower part (3), of an internal combustion engine, in which the piston upper part (2) is welded with the piston lower part (3) via a contact surface (4) and thereby a cooling duct (5), delimited therebetween, is formed. It is essential to the invention here that for the production or keeping free of an inlet opening (6) and/or of an outlet opening (7) of the cooling duct (5) during or immediately after the welding of the piston upper part (2) with the piston lower part (3) at least one pin (8) is held out from the piston lower part (3) in the cooling duct (5) or is pushed therein and is drawn out again after the welding process, so that a welding bead (9) occurring on the welding process does not constrict a cross-section of the inlet opening (6) and/or of the outlet opening (7). Hereby, the piston (1) can be produced at a comparatively favourable cost.

Abstract: A high temperature brazing fixture and method of manufacture for a gas turbine component made of a superalloy is disclosed herein. The high temperature brazing fixture includes a first and second frame member, a support member, and positioning member, all of which are made from the superalloy and fastened together using tab and tab lock couplings. The support member is configured to interface with and support the gas turbine engine component, and the positioning member is configured to interface with and position at least a first location of or hold a first dimension of the gas turbine component.

Abstract: A clamping module for a pipe line-up system uses bell crank linkages to transmit pipe alignment and clamping forces between radially moving clamping feet and a central axially moving driving head. The clamping feet are arranged in axially spaced sets to internally engage two pipe sections to be welded independently on either side of a weld zone between the pipe sections, with welding shoes in between the clamping feet and spanning the weld zone. The bell crank linkages provide a force multiplier between the driving heads and the clamping feet.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods are provided for manufacturing bearing assemblies. In accordance with one embodiment, a fixture is provided for use in brazing bearing elements to a bearing ring. The fixture comprises a substantially annular body and at least one or more force-applying mechanism associated with the annular body. The force applying mechanisms include a push rod disposed within a channel that is formed in the annular body, the push rod being displaceable within the channel. A biasing member is configured to bias the push rod in a radial direction relative to the annular body. In one embodiment, a plurality of force-applying mechanisms are circumferentially spaced about the substantially annular body. In one embodiment, the push rods extend radially inwardly from a peripheral surface of the body, while in another embodiment the push rods extend radially outwardly from peripheral surface of the body.

Abstract: Apparatus for assisting in weld assembling a box column from a tack-welded pre-assembly of planar plate components. The apparatus features (1) an elongate frame defining a rotational-assembly axis, and (2) plural pre-assembly-receiving, rotational support structures mounted at spaced locations on the frame—each support structure including (a) an openable/closable yoke possessing a collar-reception zone, (b) an openable/closable collar rotatably receivable within this reception zone, and possessing a central throughpassage having a cross-sectional configuration which is larger than that of a box-column which is to be assembled, and (c) a pair of removably-collar-attachable, throughpassage clamping shoes for forming cooperatively, within the collar throughpassage, a window for complementarily, receiving extension therethrough of a box-column pre-assembly's cross section.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems for assembly of a component, in particular a roof panel, on a motor-vehicle body structure. One system comprises a device designed to clamp the component on the body structure in the proper position; a center for welding the component on the body structure; and a conveying line for carrying to and from the welding center a succession of the body structures. The clamping device is provided with means for gripping the component and comprises first manipulator means for bringing the device into connection with the component in a pick-up position according to a predetermined mutual positioning, and for carrying the device connected to the component to a body structure that is located in a position on the conveying line, upstream of the welding center, for constraining it to the body structure according to a mutual positioning whereby the component is in the proper position of assembly.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for building cylindrical structures, preferably made of metal, on the basis of the construction methods referred to as “a method which begins the assembly by the top structure”, which provides high levels of safety in the various steps to be carried out. The method uses a shaping device for shell sheets, at least one stationary cabin for vertically aligning and welding sheets, movable cabins for horizontally welding the inside and outside, and supporting base devices which in combination provide a safe and comfortable working environment for the operators, as well as greater speed and finish quality for the tank to be built, even under harsh weather conditions.

Abstract: An apparatus used for forming stud bumps may be formed by providing a first clamp plate comprising a clamping surface, forming a notcher on the clamping surface, and forming a contact stopper on the clamping surface. The apparatus may include a clamp that includes at least two opposing plates, and at least one of the opposing plates includes a protruding feature that intersects the wire when the wire is clamped forming a first notch in the wire. The method for forming stud bumps includes bonding wire to a bonding surface, releasing the wire from the clamp, passing the wire a notch pitch distance through the clamp, clamping the wire with the clamp forming a second notch in the wire, and breaking the wire leaving a bonded portion of the wire on the bonding surface.

Abstract: A welding fixture comprises a suction assembly, a drive assembly, and a positioning assembly. The suction assembly comprises a fixing member and a suction member slidably coupled to the fixing member. The drive assembly couples the fixing member to the suction member. The suction assembly comprises a positioning member slidably coupled to the fixing member, a flange protruding from the positioning member, and an elastic member sleeved on the positioning member. The elastic member is configured to bias the flange away from a side of the fixing member. The drive assembly can move the suction member and thereby moving the workpiece towards the positioning member, so that the weldment makes contact with the workpiece via the positioning member.

Abstract: A high temperature brazing fixture and method of manufacture for a gas turbine component made of a superalloy is disclosed herein. The high temperature brazing fixture includes a first and second frame member, a support member, and positioning member, all of which are made from the superalloy and fastened together using tab and tab lock couplings. The support member is configured to interface with and support the gas turbine engine component, and the positioning member is configured to interface with and position at least a first location of or hold a first dimension of the gas turbine component.

Abstract: An apparatus forms a sheet into a beam having four exterior walls and a common center leg extending between an opposing two of the walls. The apparatus includes a roll former forming the sheet into the beam cross section, a welding station with top and bottom laser welders, and a weld box fixture having inwardly-biased external mandrels (biased by actuators) and outwardly-biased internal split mandrels (biased by springs) that interact to hold a desired shape of the beam in the weld fixture, and also includes a sweeping unit and cutoff device. By this arrangement, the internal and external mandrels, in combination with a bias of the actuators and springs, control a shape of the beam by flexure and movement of material of the sheet when in the weld box fixture during a welding process of the welder.

Abstract: A flip chip assembly apparatus includes at least one warpage-suppressor assembly. Each warpage-suppressor assembly can include a side heater, a deformable material pad, and an actuator assembly for moving the side heater and the deformable material pad. Each side heater provides additional heat to peripheral solder balls during bonding of two substrates, thereby facilitating the reflow of the peripheral solder balls. Each deformable material pad contacts, and presses down on, a surface of one of the two substrates under bonding. The deformable material pad(s) can prevent or minimize warpage of the contacted substrate.

Abstract: Jig (10, 10?, 10?) for welded bulkhead fitting (18) to a steel material which is to be penetrated by the fitting, said jig comprising a foot (11), a holder (14) for the fitting, a connecting piece (13) between the foot and the holder. The foot (11) is provided with an on and off switchable magnet (12) and the holder (14) is height adjustable and replaceable. The angle between the holder (14) and the foot (11) is preferably adjustable.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods are provided for manufacturing bearing assemblies. In accordance with one embodiment, a fixture is provided for use in brazing bearing elements to a bearing ring. The fixture comprises a substantially annular body and at least one or more force-applying mechanism associated with the annular body. The force applying mechanisms include a push rod disposed within a channel that is formed in the annular body, the push rod being displaceable within the channel. A biasing member is configured to bias the push rod in a radial direction relative to the annular body. In one embodiment, a plurality of force-applying mechanisms are circumferentially spaced about the substantially annular body. In one embodiment, the push rods extend radially inwardly from a peripheral surface of the body, while in another embodiment the push rods extend radially outwardly from peripheral surface of the body.

Abstract: A welding apparatus includes a first welding element, a second welding element and a support on which the first welding element and the second welding element are mounted and which is movable relative to the welding apparatus. The support is configured to move the first welding element and the second welding element respectively from a first start position to a first end position and from a second start position to a second end position as the support is moved such that welding points of the first welding element and the second welding element are altered. The first welding element and the second welding element are oriented to mirror one another at the first start position and at the second start position. The first welding element and the second welding element are oriented to mirror one another at the first end position and at the second end position.

Abstract: A reflow soldering system wherein a heating oven is provided with a contact heating unit which has a transport rail and a top heat transfer heater, and with a hot gas blowing heating unit, the transport rail and top heat transfer heater are respectively provided with heaters which heat the outer edge part of the printed circuit board, and the transport rail or top heat transfer heater moves in an up-down direction so that the transport rail and top heat transfer heater clamp and heat the outer edge part of the printed circuit board.

Abstract: A device and a method for the positionally accurate arrangement of two material ends located opposite each other. The device includes two carriers with always one fixing device for each material end, wherein at least one of the two carriers is slidably guided relative to the second of the carriers, and at least the first carrier has a first adjusting member and a second adjusting member connected to the first adjusting member, wherein the adjusting members form a drive by means of which the first carrier is slidable against the second carrier.

Abstract: A lead frame support plate 200 and a window clamp 400 for wire bonding machines are disclosed herein. In a described embodiment, the lead frame support plate 200 includes a network of suction grooves 218 provided on a support surface 212, each suction groove 218 being arranged to be in fluid communication with at least a vacuum hole 216 to enable a suction force to be created, in response to a vacuum force, along the network of suction grooves for holding a lead frame against the support surface. A window clamp 400 having slots for compensating deformation of the window clamp and a method of fabricating the lead frame support plate are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a manufacturing method for advanced high-strength steel (AHSS) wheel, comprising the following steps. Take an AHSS with at least 590 MPa of tensile strength for rolling to circular ring of a rim. Apply low heat input welding, such as the cold metal transfer (CMT) welding or the gas tungsten arc welding/tungsten inert gas arc welding (GTAW/TIG), at the junction of the rim to form a hollow cylindrical rim. Then perform hole expanding and spinning/roll forming operations to the rim. Take another AHSS with at least 980 MPa of tensile strength for pressing and forming a disk. Apply low heat input welding, such as cold metal transfer (CMT) welding, to the rim and the disk to produce a wheel. According to the present invention, the welding quality of products can be improved significantly; the fatigue lifetime of wheels can be enhanced; and wheels are lightweight.

Abstract: A method of creating a positive substance joint between components (1,2) involves the provisioning of the components (1, 2) and placing them at a joining position in relation to one another such that they contact at least one joining point or are kept apart by a narrow joining gap. The components (1, 2) feature a locating device that forces the components (1, 2) to fit and interlock in their relative position at the joining point. The components (1, 2) are then joined by a positive substance joint.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a strip joining apparatus for pipe mill equipment. The strip joining apparatus cuts a trailing end of a preceding steel strip and a leading end of a following steel strip, and puts the cut surfaces of the two steel strips into contact with each other, and then welds them to each other. Particularly, a cutting blade of a first cutting unit and a cutting blade of a second cutting unit are inclined in the downward direction at predetermined angles relative to each other. Thus, the ends of the two steel strips, which are respectively cut by the cutting blades, define a ‘V’-shape groove. In this state, the cut ends of the two steel strips are put in close contact with each other and are welded to each other, so that the quality of welding of the junction between the thick strips can be enhanced.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for assembly of a non-planar device based on curved chips are described. Slots may be created as longitudinal openings in the chips to reduce bending stresses to increase allowable degrees of deformation of the chips. The chips may be deformed to a desired deformation within the allowable degrees of deformation via the slots. Holding constraints may be provided on at least a portion of the chips to allow the chips to remain curved according the desired deformation.

Abstract: A welding fixture clamp includes a stationary clamp jaw having a first guide surface and a pivotal clamp jaw having a second guide surface. The second guide surface slides relative to the first guide surface as the pivotal clamp jaw pivots about the pivot axis. Side shields are secured to one of the pivotal clamp jaw and the stationary clamp jaw to extend over the other one of the pivotal clamp jaw and the stationary clamp jaw to shield the first guide surface and the second guide surface from weld splatter and debris. A pivot pin connects the side shield to the stationary clamp jaw and operatively connects the pivotal clamp jaw to the stationary clamp jaw to pivot about the pivot axis.

Abstract: A method of welding a pipe section in a ring-based welding system, wherein the welding system comprises: (i) an adjustable ring gear mount; (ii) a ring gear assembly positioned on the adjustable ring gear mount, the ring gear assembly having an inner diameter and a center point; and (iii) at least one weld head assembly mounted on the ring gear assembly.

Abstract: A lead frame support plate 200 and a window clamp 400 for wire bonding machines are disclosed herein. In a described embodiment, the lead frame support plate 200 includes a network of suction grooves 218 provided on a support surface 212, each suction groove 218 being arranged to be in fluid communication with at least a vacuum hole 216 to enable a suction force to be created, in response to a vacuum force, along the network of suction grooves for holding a lead frame against the support surface. A window clamp 400 having slots for compensating deformation of the window clamp and a method of fabricating the lead frame support plate are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed therein are an apparatus for and a method of automatically welding a flange to a guide thimble tube in a nuclear fuel assembly. The automatic welding apparatus includes: a welding part located on an axially conveying line of a tube for welding a welded surface of the tube inserted thereinto and a welded surface of a flange; a flange supplying part for supplying the flange at a tube inlet of the welding part onto the axially conveying line; and a conveying part mounted on the axially conveying line in such a way as to move the tube and the flange on the axially conveying line, so that they are inserted into and drawn from the welding part.

Abstract: A method of room-temperature bonding a plurality of substrates via an intermediate member, includes: forming the intermediate member on a surface to be bonded of the substrate by physically sputtering a plurality of targets; and activating the surface to be bonded by an ion beam. In this case, it is preferable that the target composed of a plurality of types of materials is physically sputtered. Since the materials of the intermediate member are sputtered from the plurality of targets arranged in various directions from the surface to be bonded of the substrate, the intermediate member can be uniformly formed on the surface to be bonded. Further, since the intermediate member is composed of the plurality of types of materials, the room-temperature bonding of substrates difficult to bond together when an intermediate member is composed of a single type of material can be performed without heating and excessively pressing the substrates during bonding.

Abstract: An endless hot rolling material shear-joining method capable of threading hot rolling materials in a finish rolling process without strip breakage by controlling joining conditions for the hot rolling materials in an endless hot rolling process for high carbon steel, and an endless hot rolling plant therefor are disclosed. The shear-joining method for endless hot rolling materials of high carbon steel includes shear-joining high carbon steel metal bars comprising, in terms of weight %, 0.30% to 1.20% C, inevitable impurities, and balance Fe, or comprising 0.15% to 1.5% C containing at least one of Cr, Ni, Mo, V, Ti, W, B, Nb, and Sb, inevitable impurities, and balance Fe, such that a joined surface of the joined metal bars is formed to be inclined in a thickness direction of the metal bars, in a hot rolling plant by a joiner adapted to join the metal bars after overlapping tail part of a leading one of the metal bar and top part of a trailing metal bar.

Abstract: Weld stress compensation system and method comprising: 1) a primary tube/rod clamp; 2) a secondary tube/rod clamp for selectively and accurately, angularly positioning the secondary tube relative to the primary tube. The secondary clamp is transferable while a secondary tube/rod is clamped therein to: 3) a saddle cutting fixture to produce a concave, relieved portion in the end of the secondary tube/rod with flanking flanges that fit precisely over the primary tube at the join intersection; 4) a miter-cut fixture for miter cutting of tube/rod ends to fit flat surfaces or conversely-cut tubes/rods for angular joins; and 5) a welding fixture for precise angular positioning of a miter cut tube/rod to a deck, wall, or stair plate. The primary clamp includes an adjustable pressure pad that applies pressure to the side of the primary tube opposite the secondary tube weld join line thereby preventing warping due to weld stresses.

Abstract: Jig (10, 10?, 10?) for welded bulkhead fitting (18) to a steel material which is to be penetrated by the fitting, said jig comprising a foot (11), a holder (14) for the fitting, a connecting piece (13) between the foot and the holder. The foot (11) is provided with an on and off switchable magnet (12) and the holder (14) is height adjustable and replaceable. The angle between the holder (14) and the foot (11) is preferably adjustable.