Fluidized Bed Patents (Class 23/313FB)
  • Patent number: 4478600
    Abstract: Method for directly desubliming gaseous aluminum chloride to solid form in a fluidized bed of solid particles of aluminum chloride at controlled temperatures for production of selectively constituted solid particulate aluminum chloride.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 13, 1976
    Date of Patent: October 23, 1984
    Assignee: Aluminum Company of America
    Inventors: Ronald C. Schoener, Larry K. King, Lester L. Knapp, Nicholas Kloap
  • Patent number: 4430241
    Abstract: A process for producing particles of a non-friable eutectic mixture of sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate for solar power station use is disclosed. In one embodiment of the invention, the particles are produced by shock chilling a molten stream of mixed nitrate material and crushing the resulting flakes to a size range of between about -5 mesh and about +30 mesh. In a second embodiment, particles of this size are produced by spray granulation of a concentrated solution of mixed nitrate salts onto a fluidized bed to produce dry, free-flowing, solid spheres. In both embodiments, the particles are extremely hard, resistant to moisture pickup and adaptable to being readily shipped by bulk containers.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 1, 1982
    Date of Patent: February 7, 1984
    Assignee: Olin Corporation
    Inventor: Louis C. Fiorucci
  • Patent number: 4427417
    Abstract: Non-caking, granular detergent compositions suitable for use in automatic laundry machines or in automatic dishwashing machines are prepared from hydratable particulate detergent salts or such salts in admixture with other detergent ingredients such as non-hydratable detergent salts, surfactants, fillers, corrosion inhibitors, chlorine releasing agents, coloring agents and perfumes under conditions insuring substantially complete hydration of the hydratable detergent salts and agglomeration of the hydrated particulates in the composition into storage stable, dry, pourable agglomerates.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 20, 1982
    Date of Patent: January 24, 1984
    Assignee: The Korex Company
    Inventor: Paul A. Porasik
  • Patent number: 4409016
    Abstract: A process for preparing thermally stable ammonium nitrate-containing granules having high bulk density, high impact resistance, high crushing resistance, and little or no tendency to cake by spraying a liquid composition containing at most 15% by weight water, a stabilization agent, ammonium nitrate and other components into a fluidized bed of ammonium nitrate seed particles thereby forming granules and recovering the thus formed ammonium nitrate-containing granulated product.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 18, 1982
    Date of Patent: October 11, 1983
    Assignee: Unie Van Kunstmestfabrieken, B.V.
    Inventors: Stanislaus M. P. Mutsers, Cornelis Hoek, Gerardus M. C. Wagemans
  • Patent number: 4389317
    Abstract: Heterogenous nucleation on a seed material is promoted in the removal of phosphate from water by contacting the water with the seed material in a bed of grains of the seed material which bed is fluidized and kept in fluidization by the water stream itself, while the introduction of the reagent or reagents is effected so as to have a substantially complete heterogenous nucleation take place on the seed material.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 11, 1981
    Date of Patent: June 21, 1983
    Assignee: DHV Raadgevend Ingenieursbureau BV
    Inventors: Christiaan C. M. Trentelman, Johannis C. van Dijk, Johannes H. C. M. Oomen
  • Patent number: 4358430
    Abstract: Selenium-bearing materials are treated to convert selenium values to water-soluble form in a process which comprises producing a wet pellet product of uniform composition having a specified moisture content and size from an aqueous slurry containing the selenium-bearing material and dissolved sodium carbonate-containing reagent. In a preferred embodiment the slurry is pH-adjusted to neutralize free acid and/or to precipitate nonferrous base metals. spThis is a continuation of application Ser. No. 151,349 filed May 19, 1980, abandoned.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 14, 1981
    Date of Patent: November 9, 1982
    Assignee: Inco Limited
    Inventors: Grigori S. Victorovich, Ramamritham Sridhar, Malcolm C. E. Bell
  • Patent number: 4353709
    Abstract: There is disclosed a process of granulation comprising dropping as liquid droplets the melt of a substance solidifiable by cooling or drying through a zone having a sufficient vertical distance to allow solidification of the droplets, forming a fluidized bed of the solidified droplets on the bottom of the said zone, spraying the same or a different melt from the above mentioned substance as fine liquid grains along with a gas stream into the fluidized bed thereby forming a spouted bed of the solidified droplets in the fluidized bed, coating and enlarging the solidified droplets with the fine liquid grains inside the spouted bed, and discharging the obtained large sized granules from the fluidized bed. There is also disclosed an apparatus for practicing the process.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 18, 1980
    Date of Patent: October 12, 1982
    Assignees: Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Incorporated, Toyo Engineering Corporation
    Inventors: Susumu Nioh, Hiroshi Hirayama, Tetsuzo Honda, Takashi Nagahama, Masaki Naruo
  • Patent number: 4353730
    Abstract: Disclosed is a granulating process which comprises the steps of providing a plurality of spouted bed granulation zones arranged in series and one or more fluidizing zones for cooling and drying purposes each disposed between two adjacent ones of the granulation zones, introducing priming granules of a particulate material into the first-stage granulation zone while spraying thereinto an adherent and solidifiable liquid together with a gas stream to enlarge the priming granules, cooling and drying the enlarged granules in the succeeding fluidizing zone, passing the resulting granules through the other granulation zones and fluidizing zones successively, and withdrawing the granules enlarged to a desired particle size from the last-stage granulation zone. Also disclosed is an apparatus for carrying out this granulating process.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 17, 1980
    Date of Patent: October 12, 1982
    Assignees: Toyo Engineering Corporation, Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Incorporated
    Inventors: Bunji Kinno, Hiroshi Hirayama, Tetsuzo Honda
  • Patent number: 4352718
    Abstract: There is disclosed a method and apparatus for treating particulate material. The said material is injected into a chamber. The material subsequently thereto is sprayed with a moistening material. At the same time gases are introduced at the top of the chamber and at the bottom thereof whereby the moisture on the particulate material is evaporated at a controlled rate. The parameters are such that the applied moisture has an opportunity to penetrate the particulate material for a short period of time to achieve some agglomeration before the moisture is evaporated. A fluidized bed is maintained at the bottom of the chamber and the treated particulate material is removed in this fashion.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 23, 1981
    Date of Patent: October 5, 1982
    Assignee: Claudius Peters AG
    Inventor: Gustav Grun
  • Patent number: 4343622
    Abstract: Manufacture of granules built up from a core and an envelope in a fluidized bed of nuclei. A stream of liquid containing the enveloping material is hydraulically sprayed within the bed from the bottom upwards by means of at least one hydraulic sprayer surrounded by a coaxial, annular, converging aperture through which auxiliary gas is discharged at such a vertical velocity that the conical stream of droplets is narrowed to a stream having an apex angle of less than 20.degree., and in such a quantity that a cavity of dilute fluidized phase is formed above each sprayer, which cavity is located entirely within the bed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 8, 1981
    Date of Patent: August 10, 1982
    Assignee: Compagnie Neerlandaise de l'Azote
    Inventor: Jean P. Bruynseels
  • Patent number: 4328189
    Abstract: An apparatus for granulation of precipitation products, comprising a liquid-filled reaction chamber including a granulation chamber which receives aqueous streams of compounds which precipitate to form granules. The granulation chamber has an open upper edge connected to the narrow edge of a conical surface. The upper open edge of the conical surface merges with an apron which is spaced inwardly from the inner periphery of the reaction chamber. Conduit means conduct granules downwardly from the granulation chamber. Liquid and fine granules rise upwardly within the conical surface. Granules descend back into the granulating chamber. Clean liquid passes downwardly through the annular space between the apron and the reaction chamber for removal from the space between the conical surface and the apron.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 13, 1981
    Date of Patent: May 4, 1982
    Assignee: Dr. C. Otto & Comp. G.m.b.H.
    Inventors: Egon Haese, Rolf Willms, Karl D. Schultheiss
  • Patent number: 4277288
    Abstract: A process for producing a substantially dry, low dusting, free flowing granular pigment composition comprises (a) contacting a fluidized bed of pigment and a granulating assistant, (b) optionally contacting the granules so obtained with a surfactant and (c) removing the dry granules from the bed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 2, 1979
    Date of Patent: July 7, 1981
    Assignee: Ciba-Geigy Corporation
    Inventors: Simon G. Lawrence, James Hossack
  • Patent number: 4263012
    Abstract: The method consists in a counter-current introducing of liquid sulfur into a vertical stream of air, having the linear velocity increasing downwards, from a velocity lower than the critical velocity of sulfur dust in the sprinkling zone to a velocity higher than the critical velocity of formed granule in the zone of intensive cooling. As an additional cooling medium water can be employed, introduced in form of a mist at the place of emission of the air from the column into the ambient atmosphere.The variable velocity of air is achieved through employing in the granulating apparatus the cross-sectional area increasing from the smallest in the zone of intensive cooling to the maximum area in the sprinking zone.After the method according to the invention granules can be produced, having any grain characteristic, high selectivity and smooth spherically formed surface, and high mechanical strength.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 6, 1979
    Date of Patent: April 21, 1981
    Assignee: Instytut Przemyslu Organicznego
    Inventors: Halina Leszczynska, Michal Gulcz, Zdzislaw Januszewski, Czeslaw Godlewski, Zdzislaw Gorczyca, Norbert Janota
  • Patent number: 4261958
    Abstract: A process for the production of sodium aluminate comprising drying an aluminate solution containing from 45 to 350 g/l of caustic Na.sub.2 O with a molecular ratio of caustic Na.sub.2 O to Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 from 1.1 to 1.8 in a fluidized bed of solid particles at 250.degree.-400.degree. C. of sodium aluminate using a gas heated to 750.degree.-950.degree. C. containing no carbon dioxide as a fluidizing medium and a heat carrier in an amount from 2000 to 25000 nm.sup.3 per 1 m.sup.3 of aluminate solution; feeding said aluminate, solution for drying by atomizing it at a velocity from 25 to 35 m/s thereby obtaining sodium aluminate in the form of pellets of a size from 0.5 to 8 mm with a bulk weight from 1.2 to 1.4 t/m.sup.3 completely soluble in water and alkaline solutions, with a maximum content of hygroscopic moisture of 0.3% by weight and a maximum content of water of crystallization of 5% by weight.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 11, 1978
    Date of Patent: April 14, 1981
    Inventors: Ilya Z. Pevzner, Vitaly Y. Tumarinson, Nikolai I. Eremin, Dmitry E. Subochev, Alexandr S. Ryzhkov, Leonid S. Nisse
  • Patent number: 4260508
    Abstract: A powdered sodium percarbonate composition is provided which exhibits significantly improved percarbonate stability during storage. The sodium percarbonate is stabilized by a phosphate containing compound such as sodium tripolyphosphate or sodium orthophosphate. The powdered sodium percarbonate composition is useful as a powder bleach and preferably comprises a separation resistant bleach composition in the form of a plurality of particles, substantially each particle including sodium carbonate, sufficient sodium percarbonate to provide from about 1 to about 6 weight percent available oxygen, and sufficient of the phosphate containing stabilizer to retard decomposition of the percarbonate.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 15, 1979
    Date of Patent: April 7, 1981
    Assignee: The Clorox Company
    Inventor: Lodric L. Maddox
  • Patent number: 4244698
    Abstract: A method of drying hydrated crystalline magnesium sulfate to reduce its surface moisture content is disclosed. The method comprises: (a) fluidizing a bed of hydrated crystalline magnesium sulfate particles by continuously passing a heated gaseous medium in a generally upwardly direction through the particles at a superficial velocity at least sufficient to maintain turbulent fluidization and mixing of the particles throughout the bed; (b) transferring a dispersed form of hydrated crystalline magnesium sulfate to be dried into the fluidized bed; (c) maintaining the amount of crystalline magnesium sulfate within the fluidized bed at a constant depth; (d) controlling the temperature and relative humidity of the heated gaseous medium to maintain a bed temperature and humidity sufficient to vaporize at least a portion of the surface moisture from the hydrated crystalline magnesium sulfate without removing waters of hydration; and (e) removing dried hydrated crystalline magnesium sulfate from the bed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 2, 1978
    Date of Patent: January 13, 1981
    Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company
    Inventors: Robert J. King, Herbert A. Johnson
  • Patent number: 4126424
    Abstract: A method of compacting silica dust without the use of water is disclosed. The dust is charged to a hopper and is then injected with air under pressure whereby the weight per unit volume of the material is increased.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 27, 1977
    Date of Patent: November 21, 1978
    Assignee: Elkem-Spigerverket A/S
    Inventor: Ole A. Kongsgaarden
  • Patent number: 4088745
    Abstract: A process of reacting finely divided material in a fluidized bed supported by a circular grate in relative circular motion with regard to a cell enclosing an auxiliary bed which has a bottom in free communication with the main fluidized bed and which is in hydrostatic equilibrium with the latter, whereby slag settled on the grate is sorted and extracted.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 24, 1974
    Date of Patent: May 9, 1978
    Assignee: Compagnie Industrielle de Procedes & d'Applications S.A.
    Inventor: Albert A. Godel
  • Patent number: 4071304
    Abstract: In apparatus for treating and separating products in granular form, a container is provided with fluidization and vibration means, the grains and the pulverulent solid are subjected to the fluidization treatment only in a vertical portion of the bed, the circulation currents arising therefrom are utilized for separating, within the container itself, the treated product in granular form from the pulverulent solid, and the vibrations are utilized for discharging the treated products to the outside.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 26, 1976
    Date of Patent: January 31, 1978
    Assignee: Charbonnages de France
    Inventors: Raymond Chauvin, Pierre M. M. Guillon
  • Patent number: 4062641
    Abstract: An agglomerating unit having a rotatable, conical, downwardly, narrowing section on the interior surface of which moistened powder is deposited. Close to said interior surface a stationary scraper is mounted. When the conical section is rotated the powder is dislodged from said surface by the scraper. A very efficient removal of powder is obtained whereby the risk of biological or chemical deterioration of the powder is reduced.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 18, 1976
    Date of Patent: December 13, 1977
    Assignee: A/S Niro Atomizer
    Inventors: Svend Hovmand, Erik Dankvard Sorensen
  • Patent number: 4059538
    Abstract: Detergent formulations are granulated commercially by spray drying a slurry of the formulation. There is now proposed a method in which the components in powder form are granulated with a binder in a substantially horizontal annular rotating bed. The binder may be released by the action of the rotating bed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 1, 1976
    Date of Patent: November 22, 1977
    Assignee: Lever Brothers Company
    Inventors: Robin John Green, Richard Shaw Johnson, John Kenneth Potter
  • Patent number: 4053375
    Abstract: Alumina-cryolite waste from aluminum pot lines is subjected to oxidation in a fluidized bed reactor to remove carbon and organic contamination. Agglomeration of the alumina-cryolite product occurs in the fluidized bed and a pellet product suitable for return to the aluminum pot lines is produced.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 16, 1976
    Date of Patent: October 11, 1977
    Assignee: Dorr-Oliver Incorporated
    Inventors: Elliott J. Roberts, Stanley Bunk, Peter Allen Angevine
  • Patent number: 4005987
    Abstract: A process for drying moist material, particularly substances containing water of crystallization, in which the material is passed in counterflow through a shaft to gases having an inlet temperature of 200.degree. to 1000.degree. C. The gas rises at a velocity of 2 to 30 m/sec. and the moist substances are introduced into the shaft in a high-density stream so that the moist materials agglomerate concurrently with the drying.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 30, 1974
    Date of Patent: February 1, 1977
    Assignee: Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventor: Egon Jury
  • Patent number: 3969546
    Abstract: Granular calcium hypochlorite particles having a core of calcium hypochlorite encapsulated in a plurality of layers of calcium hypochlorite are produced from an aqueous slurry of calcium hypochlorite by spraying a pumpable and sprayable slurry of calcium hypochlorite particles onto suspended particles of solid calcium hypochlorite above a moving bed of said particles in a fluidized bed. The solid particles coated with the slurry are heated to simultaneously evaporate and remove water from the slurry whereby said particles are coated with a layer of solid calcium hypochlorite.A portion of the moving bed of coated particles is removed from the spraying zone and further processed, if desired. In one embodiment, the coated particles with or without sizing are further dried to produce granular particles having the desired moisture content.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 20, 1974
    Date of Patent: July 13, 1976
    Assignee: Olin Corporation
    Inventor: Walter C. Saeman
  • Patent number: 3930800
    Abstract: Fluidized bed desubliming apparatus for directly desubliming gaseous aluminum chloride to solid form in a fluidized bed of solid particles of aluminum chloride in a chamber at controlled temperatures for production of selectively constituted solid particulate aluminum chloride, for example including cooling means within the bed for maintaining such controlled temperatures, means for introducing such gaseous aluminum chloride into the bed remote from all contact surfaces within the chamber which are below the ambient desublimation temperature, gas distribution inlet means, residual gaseous effluent outlet means and means for withdrawing aluminum chloride particles from the bed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 29, 1973
    Date of Patent: January 6, 1976
    Assignee: Aluminum Company of America
    Inventors: Ronald C. Schoener, Larry K. King, Lester L. Knapp, Nicholas Kloap