Abstract: A blade element pair (20) for a refiner (1, 2, 3) is intended for refining fibrous material. Each blade element (5, 5?, 8, 8?) of the blade element pair (20) has a refining surface (6, 9) with blade bars (16, 18) and blade grooves (17, 19) extending along the blade element (5, 5?, 8, 8?), and openings (14,15) extending through the blade element (5, 5?, 8, 8?). The openings (14, 15) in one of the blade elements (5, 5?, 8, 8?) is at different axial (A) or radial (R) positions from the openings (14,15) in the other blade element (5, 5?, 8, 8?) when the blade elements (5, 5?, 8, 8?) of the blade element pair (20) are set substantially opposite to each other.

Abstract: A medicine grinder has a grinding assembly having a ring burr and a frustoconical burr being mutually rotatable relative to each other. The ring burr is tubular. The frustoconical burr is disposed within the ring burr and has multiple rough grinding edges, multiple recesses, and a non-grinding portion. The multiple rough grinding edges surround a center of the frustoconical burr. Each one of the grinding edges spirally extends about the center of the frustoconical burr. The multiple recesses are divided by the multiple rough grinding edges. One of the multiple recesses has a capacity being larger than a capacity of each one of the other recesses to define a non-grinding portion. Therefore, multiple receiving spaces are formed between the frustoconical burr and the ring burr.

Abstract: A disperser-refiner plate segment includes a refining section disposed radially outward from a dispersion section. Teeth in the dispersion section have a height that exceeds a height of refining bars in the refining section.

Abstract: A powered nutcracker having a frame, a first nut cracking die mounted to the frame; and a displacement generator mounted to the frame which provides force to move the first nut cracking die to crack a nut.

Abstract: A device for removing impurities from shredded plastic includes at least one first cleaning body having a sectionally tapered and/or cylindrical outer surface forming a first cleaning surface, and at least one second cleaning body having a sectionally tapered and/or cylindrical inner surface forming a second cleaning surface. The second cleaning body accommodates the first cleaning body such that the cleaning surfaces oppose each other and delimit a cleaning gap between each other. A drive apparatus can rotate at least one of the cleaning bodies about its longitudinal axis, and a feed apparatus feeds the shredded plastic into the cleaning gap. The cleaning surfaces each have cleaning ribs, wherein at least one flank of the cleaning ribs is inclined or curved. Cleaning bars running transversally to the direction of extension of the cleaning ribs are arranged between at least some neighboring cleaning ribs.

Abstract: A feed-mixing wagon includes a container for receiving feed. The container includes a bottom, and a peripheral wall which is closed off at a bottom end by the bottom. A mixing element is provided for mixing the feed to be accommodated in the container. The peripheral wall is provided with a wall covering which extends at least along a bottom, ring-shaped part of the inner surface of the peripheral wall. The wall covering includes a plurality of wall plate parts with upwardly extending side edges. Two adjoining side edges of at least two respective adjoining wall plate parts are clamped to the inner surface of the peripheral wall by clamping strips which overlap these adjoining side edges and which are attached to the peripheral wall of the container by means of detachable fasteners.

Abstract: A process for producing micronized dispersed micro-particles and to micro-particles produced by this process. In the process a combination of a dispersion liquid, an active ingredient and a wax is passed at a temperature at which the wax is molten into a high energy micro-particle producing machine operating at a temperature at which the active ingredient and wax are kept molten and producing a composition comprising a plurality of micro-particles dispersed in said dispersion liquid by cooling said combination to a temperature below the solidification temperature of each of said micro-particles before each said micro-particle leaves said micro-particle producing assembly.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a centripetally acting type of water turbine which uses low-head and low-speed water flow and which comprises a rotational force generating device having an inner and an outer centripetal canister rotatably supported by means of a stand and a securing shaft either vertically or to left and right in a straight line, and having a plurality of blades fixedly joined in a radiating fashion between the inner and outer centripetal canisters, and in which the combined shape of the inner and outer centripetal canisters and neighboring individual blades is constituted as a lower surface which inclines such that water or steam flows at an incline downwardly and, as it does so, the rotational radius progressively reduces.

Abstract: An assembly of opposing discs or cones for a disperser where each disc or cone has mounted to it a plate or an array of plate segments with a front surface on each plate or array of plate segments and each surface has a series of bars, grooves and dams. The bars are in rows, with the rows separated by annular dams at substantially fixed radial locations, and the grooves are adjacent the bars in the rows so that the grooves form a serpentine passage extending radially between the opposing plates or array of plate segments on the opposing discs or cones. The opposing plate or array of plate segments are arranged such that the annular dams on one plate or array of plate segments face roughly the middle of the row of bars on the opposing plate or array of plate segments.

Abstract: A food homogenizer is provided, including a base with a driving motor and a homogenizer assembly removably coupled to the base. The homogenizer assembly includes a homogenizing chamber, an inlet chute, and an exit spout. A shredder is disposed within the homogenizing chamber and is driven by the driving motor to homogenize food ingredients into a soft texture with a similar consistency as ice cream or sherbet.

Abstract: Described herein is nanocellulose produced by introducing a mixture of cellulose based fiber raw material and water through a refining gap, having a width smaller than 0.1 mm. In the refining gap, the fiber raw material is subjected to processing forces varying in the direction of introducing said mixture, by means of refining zones provided in the gap one after each other in the feeding direction, whereby the refining surfaces differ in surface patterning and/or surface roughness. The mixture of fiber raw material and water is guided past the refining surfaces in the feeding direction to different locations in the refining zone by by-pass channels provided in the stator. The width of the refining gap is maintained by the combined effect of the feeding pressure of the mixture of fiber raw material and water fed into the refining gap and the axial force of the rotor.

Abstract: A food homogenizer is provided, including a base with a driving motor and a homogenizer assembly removably coupled to the base. The homogenizer assembly includes a homogenizing chamber, an inlet chute, and an exit spout. A shredder is disposed within the homogenizing chamber and is driven by the driving motor to homogenize food ingredients into a soft texture with a similar consistency as ice cream or sherbet.

Abstract: A conical impact mill has a rotor assembly (1) in which impact elements (7) arranged in at least two axially spaced rows provide, or can be adjusted to provide, a grinding gap (a?, a?), defined between the impact elements and a right frustoconical grinding surface of the mill housing (2), that is not constant in the axial and/or circumferential direction of the rotor assembly. Impact elements can be fixedly or adjustably mounted in the rotor assembly and/or the rows can be mutually adjustable axially to change the grinding gap.

Abstract: A vertical auger mixer for blending feed ingredients for farm animals has a frusto-conical shaped tub having an open top, a closed bottom and a motor-driven auger journaled for rotation about a vertical axis in the closed bottom. The tub has a discharge opening in a sidewall thereof, the opening having a door movable between an open and closed position. The tub is mounted on a base frame with plural load cells operatively disposed between the base frame and the tub such that the contents of the tub can be weighed and the tub can be rotated to fit installation requirements. An L-shaped tub reinforcing band is welded about the tub surrounding its upper rim in a way that inhibits unwanted collection of feed materials.

Abstract: A material processing machine with a rotating element positioned within a hopper for receiving materials to be processed, the rotating element including an outer edge to which one or more attachments may be mounted. The attachments include a forward edge extending generally forward with respect to the direction of rotation of the rotating element and extending outward from the outer edge of the rotating element. A rotating element for use in a material processing machine has either attachments mounted to an outer edge or integrally formed extensions along an outer edge. The extensions or attachments including a forward edge that extends generally forward with respect to the direction of rotation of the rotating element.

Abstract: A food homogenizer is provided, including a base with a driving motor and a homogenizer assembly removably coupled to the base. The homogenizer assembly includes a homogenizing chamber, an inlet chute, and an exit spout. A shredder is disposed within the homogenizing chamber and is driven by the driving motor to homogenize food ingredients into a soft texture with a similar consistency as ice cream or sherbet.

Abstract: A device for mixing, grinding, drying, deagglomeration, crushing, or coating of feedstock with a rotor is provided, rotating around an axis within a housing, and a stator, fixed relative to the housing, encompassing the rotor with maintenance of a radial working gap. The rotor has rotor tools, which are distributed over its outer surface and whose active edges for crushing the feedstock work together with the stator tools on the inner circumference of the stator. In this regard, the feedstock is supplied in the carrier gas stream to the working gap. For effective processing of the feedstock, it is proposed according to the invention that in the outer surface of the rotor a plurality of indentations is introduced, whereby areas between two adjacent indentations form webs, which form the active edges of the rotor tools.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a grinder, comprising a grinding unit is installed between a receptacle and a base. A grinding wheel and a grinding base of the grinding unit are detachably and respectively installed on a transmission shaft and at the bottom side of the receptacle, and a bottom cover of an automatic open/close control device utilizes an engaging button for being combined with a combination part of a fasten cover installed at the bottom side of a follower member, so the bottom cover can be detachably installed at the bottom opening of a housing. Accordingly, components which may have food powders adhered thereon, such as the grinding wheel and the grinding base of the grinding unit and the follower member, the housing and the bottom cover of the automatic open/close control device are capable of being detached for cleaning, so the food hygiene can be ensured.

Abstract: A refiner or disperser blade is made of a steel alloy by casting. The alloy comprises, in weight percent: 0.6 to 4 wt-% carbon (C), 0.5 to 1.5 wt-% silicon (Si), 0.4 to 1.5 wt-% manganese (Mn), 12 to 28 wt-% chromium (Cr), 4 to 12 wt-% niobium (Nb), as well as iron (Fe).

Abstract: An impact mill including a base portion on which is disposed a rotor rotatably mounted in a bearing housing, the rotor having an upwardly aligned cylindrical surface portion coaxial with the rotational axis. The impact mill is provided with a mill casing within which is located a conical track assembly which surrounds the rotor to form a conical grinding path. The mill casing is provided with a downwardly aligned cylindrical collar which may be axially adjusted to set a grinding gap between the rotor and the mill casing. The rotor is provided with a plurality of impact knives complementary with a plurality of impact knives disposed on the inside top surface of the mill casing. The conical track assembly can be a series of assembled conical sections or one unit with varied number of serrations in either a vertical or sloped configuration. This flexibility allows for greater compatibility with the feedstock being milled.

Abstract: An impact mill including a base portion on which is disposed a rotor rotatably mounted in a bearing housing, the rotor having an upwardly aligned cylindrical surface portion coaxial with the rotational axis. The impact mill is provided with a mill casing within which is located a conical track assembly which surrounds the rotor to form a conical grinding path. The mill casing is provided with a downwardly aligned cylindrical collar which may be axially adjusted to set a grinding gap between the rotor and the mill casing. The rotor is provided with a plurality of impact knives complementary with a plurality of impact knives disposed on the inside top surface of the mill casing. The conical track assembly can be a series of assembled conical sections or one unit with varied number of serrations in either a vertical or sloped configuration. This flexibility allows for greater compatibility with the feedstock being milled.

Abstract: A device for comminuting input material, especially for fine and ultrafine grinding of input material, includes a rotor revolving around a shaft inside a housing, the rotor having a cylindrical or conical jacket surface. An annular gap is present between the housing and the jacket surface, the gap forming a comminution zone and the input material being introduced axially to it. To increase the economic efficiency of the device, it is provided that a plurality of first pin-shaped comminuting tools for comminuting the input material are disposed over the circumference of the rotor, wherein the tools are aligned with their longitudinal direction perpendicular to the jacket surface in the direction of the housing.

Abstract: A shredder for reducing material which includes a conical cutting drum rotatably positioned within a housing and having an imperforate outer surface so as to carry shredded material radially with and externally of the drum; at least one cutting implement disposed about the outer surface of the cutting drum; an anvil disposed adjacent to the cutting drum; a bellyband wrapping around and conforming to the drum; and a transition interconnecting the bellyband with a discharge port and having a cross sectional configuration that inversely mirrors the cross sectional configuration of the bellyband.

Abstract: An impact mill including a base portion on which is disposed a rotor rotatably mounted in a bearing housing, the rotor having an upwardly aligned cylindrical surface portion coaxial with the rotational axis. The impact mill is provided with a mill casing within which is located a conical track assembly which surrounds the rotor to form a conical grinding path. The mill casing is provided with a downwardly aligned cylindrical collar which may be axially adjusted to set a grinding gap between the rotor and the mill casing. The rotor is provided with a plurality of impact knives complementary with a plurality of impact knives disposed on the inside top surface of the mill casing. The conical track assembly can be a series of assembled conical sections or one unit with varied number of serrations in either a vertical or sloped configuration. This flexibility allows for greater compatibility with the feedstock being milled.

Abstract: A crusher comprising at least a first crushing blade and a second crushing blade which are arranged to be rotary, one of the crushing blades being also arranged to move back and forth along a substantially harmonic linear path, and the rotating axes of the first crushing blade and the second crushing blade being parallel with the linear direction of movement of the second crushing blade. The second crushing blade is adjusted to move substantially harmonically back and forth along a linear path.

Abstract: A refining surface (2) of a refiner stator (4) for a refiner for defibrating lignocellulose-containing material has a feed edge (17) oriented in the direction of the feed flow of the material to be refined, and a discharge edge (16) oriented in the direction of the discharge flow of the material refined. The surface (2) has blade bars (10) with grooves (11) therebetween, and at least one dam (12) in a groove (11). The dam has an upwardly rising guiding surface (13) from the blade groove bottom (15) for guiding the material to be refined and the material already refined out of the blade groove. The upward direction of the guiding surface (13) is from the direction of the discharge edge (16) of the refining surface (2) in the direction of the feed edge (17) of the refining surface (2).

Abstract: A rotary tumbler metal reclaimer includes an inner cylinder and a concentric outer cylinder that rotate simultaneously. The inner cylinder includes a first compartment that intakes material for breaking by teeth, a second compartment that receives broken material from the first compartment and crushes the material into smaller particles, and a third compartment wherein particulate material enters the space between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder by attrition through perforated screens. The second compartment includes a crusher having various features for crushing lump material as it rotates. The third compartment provides further breakage and conveyance of particulate material. Particulate material then returns proximate the intake for screening into fine and coarse sizes and then collecting for reuse. Metallics and metallic oxides exit the tumbler through apertures in the rear of the third compartment for collection.

Abstract: An impact mill including a base portion on which is disposed a rotor rotatably mounted in a bearing housing, the rotor having an upwardly aligned cylindrical surface portion coaxial with the rotational axis. The impact mill is provided with a mill casing within which is located a conical track assembly which surrounds the rotor to form a conical grinding path. The mill casing is provided with a downwardly aligned cylindrical collar which may be axially adjusted to set a grinding gap between the rotor and the mill casing. The rotor is provided with a plurality of impact knives complementary with a plurality of impact knives disposed on the inside top surface of the mill casing. In addition, the impact mill can be formed of separated conical sections. Finally, power is transmitted to the rotor of the impact mill by a synchronous sprocketed belt, accommodated by a sprocketed drive sheave, wherein the belt is in communication with a power source.

Abstract: An impact mill including a base portion on which is disposed a rotor rotatably mounted in a bearing housing, the rotor having an upwardly aligned cylindrical surface portion coaxial with the rotational axis. The impact mill is provided with a mill casing within which is located a conical track assembly which surrounds the rotor to form a conical grinding path. The mill casing is provided with a downwardly aligned cylindrical collar which may be axially adjusted to set a grinding gap between the rotor and the mill casing. The rotor is provided with a plurality of impact knives complementary with a plurality of impact knives disposed on the inside top surface of the mill casing. The conical track assembly can be a series of assembled conical sections or one unit with varied number of serrations in either a vertical or sloped configuration. This flexibility allows for greater compatibility with the feedstock being milled.

Abstract: A grinder including a hollow base, a receptacle, an automatic open/close control device, a grinding unit, and a housing. The automatic open/close control device has a follower member, a bottom cover, a position-limitation structure, and a torsion spring connected between the follower member and the bottom cover. When a friction force produced during grinding of the grinder is greater than a torsional force of a torsion spring, the follower member is rotated relative to the bottom cover from a first position where radial blocks of the follower member block outlets of the bottom cover to a second position where the radial blocks of the follower member are moved away from the outlets of the bottom cover and guide slots of the follower member are moved into alignment with the outlets respectively for discharge of ground powder out of the grinder through the guide slots and the outlets.

Abstract: A rotary tumbler metal reclaimer includes an inner cylinder and a concentric outer cylinder that rotate simultaneously. The inner cylinder includes a first compartment that intakes material for breaking by teeth, a second compartment that receives broken material from the first compartment and crushes the material into smaller particles, and a third compartment wherein particulate material enters the space between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder by attrition through perforated screens. The second compartment includes a crusher having various features for crushing lump material as it rotates. The third compartment provides further breakage and conveyance of particulate material. Particulate material then returns proximate the intake for screening into fine and coarse sizes and then collecting for reuse. Metallics and metallic oxides exit the tumbler through apertures in the rear of the third compartment for collection.

Abstract: A machine for reducing material that includes a rotatable cutting drum. In a preferred embodiment there is disclosed a machine for reducing material which includes a rotatable, tapered cutting drum and a flywheel. In another preferred embodiment, there is disclosed a machine for reducing material which includes a rotatable, tapered cutting drum and a discharge assembly. In still another preferred embodiment there is disclosed a machine for reducing material which includes a rotatable, tapered cutting drum, a flywheel and a discharge assembly.

Abstract: A shredder for reducing material which includes a conical cutting drum rotatably positioned within a housing and having an imperforate outer surface so as to carry shredded material radially with and externally of the drum; at least one cutting implement disposed about the outer surface of the cutting drum; an anvil disposed adjacent to the cutting drum; a bellyband wrapping around and conforming to the drum; and a transition interconnecting the bellyband with a discharge port and having a cross sectional configuration that inversely mirrors the cross sectional configuration of the bellyband.

Abstract: Refining elements for use in a refining apparatus for refining lignocellulosic fibrous material between a pair of refining members are disclosed. The refining element is adapted to be mounted on the inwardly facing conical surface of an outer stationary refining member and includes a plurality of bars and intermediate grooves in which the bars extend along the refining gap and include a pair of side walls and an upper surface forming an acute angle with a least one of the pair of side walls.

Abstract: A coffee maker includes a valve mechanism having a micro switch, an electromagnetic valve, a magnetic covering board activated by the electromagnetic valve for opening or closing a powder path, and a spring interconnecting the covering board and the electromagnetic valve. A motor-driven grinding mechanism includes two ring-shaped outer grinding members having teeth facing each other, and a spring biased inner grinding member including a hollow feed rod with a lead screw formed thereon. A powder fineness adjusting mechanism includes an adjustment lever. In a powder fineness adjustment for producing coarse coffee powder, pivoting the lever toward one direction will pivot an abutment member and move the same outward to push one grinding member for increasing a space between the grinding members filled with coffee beans to be ground. Pivoting the lever toward the other direction will produce fine coffee powder.

Abstract: A segmented wear resistant band for protecting a surface subject to wear in a crusher is comprised of segments or concaves. The segments of the wear resistant band can be separated from each other by portions of reduced thickness. The portions of reduced thickness can be cut after the installation to the surface. The segments can also include a flange for reception in a recess between a spider and the top shell of a gyratory crusher.

Abstract: A refiner including a material-admitting inlet and an outlet; and spaced apart first and second refining discs mounted in the chamber. The refiner further includes a rotary third ref refining disc disposed between the first and second discs. A first path for the movement of material from the inlet is defined between the first and third refining disks. A second path for the movement of material to the outlet is defined between the second and third refining disks. The refiner further includes a shaft extending through a central opening provided in the first disc, and a hub rigid with the shaft and having a center, the hub being received in the third refining disc central opening. The hub has at least one port in the hub from the first path to the second path and between the third refining disc central opening and the center of the hub.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a an apparatus for processing various materials, the apparatus including at least two annular feed gaps placed one within the other. The beginning of each feed gap is provided with a grinding section (5), which is followed in the apparatus by a mixing section (10). The materials are processed in the grinding section (5), whereafter they are mixed in the mixing section (10), and the mixture is extruded into a product.

Abstract: A comminution machine has a machine housing and a closed working cylinder with comminution holes arranged therein. Tools are arranged on a coaxial shaft within the working cylinder. The tools have vanes revolving at a spacing of at most a diameter of the comminution holes practically contactless relative to the cylinder. The vanes have outer edges slanted counter to a relative rotational direction between cylinder and tools. The shaft orientation and the axial orientation of the cylinder deviate from a vertical line. The working cylinder has a first end face opening connected to a feed channel and a lower cylinder half connected to a removal channel. A second end face opening whose diameter is at least as large as the greatest diameter of the working cylinder, is closed by a freely accessible lid. The shaft extends from the feed channel to the lid but does not penetrate the lid.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for comminuting rubber particles. In this process and apparatus rubber particles at a temperature below the glass transition temperature are introduced into a comminuting device concurrent with the introduction of an inert gas coolant at a temperature below about ?75° F. The rubber particles are comminuted in the comminuting device at a rate proportional to the average particle size of the introduced rubber particles to an average size within the range of crumb or powder rubber particles.

Abstract: An apparatus for grinding an organic material into a powder includes a first grinding member with a first grinding surface and a second grinding member with a second grinding surface. The first and second grinding members are rotatably positioned adjacent each other for grinding an organic material between the first and second grinding surfaces. The first and second grinding surfaces include radii defining of sectors. The sectors include rows of teeth parallel to respective radii.

Abstract: A refiner for separating and beating a material includes a conical type stationary shell including a first beating section; a ring-shaped stationary disc provided on an outer edge of the conical type stationary shell and including a second beating section; a rotational shaft; a conical type rotor attached to and supported by the rotational shaft including a third beating section facing the first beating section to create a gap between the first beating section and the third beating section for the material to pass through; and a ring-shaped rotor disc provided on an outer edge of the conical type rotor and including a fourth beating section facing the second beating section to create a gap between the second beating section and the fourth beating section for the material to pass through.

Abstract: The device comprises a stator with gear rings and a rotor with teeth meshing with the teeth of the stator. Between arms of the rotor protrudes a guiding funnel that concentrates the material flow coming in from above to the central area of the container. The outer surface of the guiding funnel defines an annular gap throttling the material flow. At the rotor, a feed screw is provided that feeds towards the working region of the device. The guiding funnel retains the product in the active region of the device and the feed screw generates an increased material pressure in the center.

Abstract: A machine for collecting and reducing wood including a prime carrier; a debris collector operatively attached to the prime carrier; a shredder assembly attached to the prime carrier, the shredder assembly having an input and an output; a storage bin for holding reduced wood, the storage bin attached to the prime carrier; and a conveyor adapted to move reduced wood from the output of the shredder assembly to the storage bin. The prime carrier may also have a universal adapter of substituting attachments. A variable torque, drum shredder for reducing wood. The drum shredder includes a housing; a tapered cutting drum rotatably mounted within the housing; an anvil; at least one cutting blade disposed about an outer surface of the cutting drum to provide a compound cutting angle; and a drive connected to the cutting drum. A shredder having a discharge assembly adapted for accommodating discharged material with at least two major discharge streams with at least two major discharge directions.

Abstract: A refiner includes a driving source, a rotating shaft rotated by the driving source, a conical-type rotor attached to the rotating shaft, stators disposed in a casing to face the conical-type rotor. The conical-type rotor has a substantially cone-shape first conical portion and a substantially cone-shape second conical portion, and bottom portions of the first and second conical portions are joined together. The rotating shaft passes through top portions of the first and second conical portions, and the conical-type rotor is attached to the rotating shaft.

Abstract: A segment for a rotary disk refiner that has a refining surface offset to compensate for deflection of the segment that occurs during refiner operation. In one preferred embodiment, the refining surface overlying each segment overhang is offset to compensate for deflection that occurs in the region of the overhang during refiner operation. Other regions of the refining surface can also be offset to compensate for deflection. In another preferred embodiment, a mount that extends outwardly from the backside of a segment has a hollow therein to reduce segment mass to reduce refining surface deflection. In a method of making a deflection compensating segment, the location and magnitude of each region of deflection is analytically or experimentally determined and the refining surface is formed with a corresponding offset in each deflection region.

Abstract: “IMPROVEMENTS IN TAPER REFINER FOR THE DEFIBERING OF WOOD CHIPS AND SIMILAR MATERIALS”, comprising the superposition of a taper rotor (18) and an equally tapered stator (19), with refining faces directly facing each other, thereby, defining a refining zone which receives the material to be defibered, properly impregnated with vapor, from where this material leaves defibered and free of both vapors, that is, the vapor first introduced with the wood chips and the vapor generated during the defibering operation, with said rotor (18) consisting of a hub (20) as the means for attaching it to the motor drive shaft (16), interconnected by radial fins (21) to a hollow frustum housing (22-23), and also provided, at the smaller diameter end, with a front cover (24) featuring vapor passage holes (25) positioned between chip breaking blades (26), additionally, said rotor delimitates an internal sub-chamber (14) that accommodates a turbine formed by suction blades (15) rotating together with the rotor (18), fo

Abstract: A refiner including a rotor and a stator defining a cylindrical or conical refining gap therebetween. A pulp feed channel extends in a radial direction from an inlet pipe to the refining gap.

Abstract: A sensor, sensor disk, sensor measurement correction system, and method used in measuring a parameter in the refining zone. The sensor includes a spacer that spaces its sensing element from the disk. In one preferred embodiment, the spacer is made of an insulating material that insulates the sensing element from the thermal mass of the disk to prevent the thermal mass from affecting sensor measurement. The sensor includes a housing carried by the spacer that, in turn, carries the sensing element. Where the sensing element is a temperature sensing element, the housing is thermally conductive and the housing and spacer enclose the sensing element. Each sensor is disposed in the refining surface, preferably in its own separate bore in the disk and flush with or below axial refiner bar height. Signals from one or more sensors are processed by a processing device linked to a module containing calibration data that is applied to make sensor measurements more accurate.

Abstract: An apparatus for comminuting, grinding and dispersing flowable grinding stock has a grinding receptacle with an inner, first grinding surface, which is rotationally symmetrical relative to an axis of rotation, and is drivable to rotate about the axis of rotation. Also provided is a grinding roller, which has a second grinding surface that is rotationally symmetrical relative to a central longitudinal axis, and is drivable to rotate about the axis. A grinding gap is defined between the first grinding surface and the second grinding surface.