Abstract: A peripheral mounting system for installing, removing and replacing peripheral devices from a chassis without the use of tools. A pair of side brackets secured to the chassis provide slots into which fasteners connected to the side of the peripheral device are installed to restrain the peripheral device. In an embodiment, clips protruding outward from the side of the slots allow the fasteners to slide into position while also retaining the peripheral device in the installed position. The pair of side brackets in conjunction with the fasteners on the peripheral device provide a means for mounting the peripheral device without requiring additional area above or below the peripheral device. A cover latching mechanism may securely latch the cover closed and provides additional retention of the peripheral device in the vertical direction.

Abstract: As an electronic apparatus in which a drive power source for generating a drive force to move a movable portion moving freely can be miniaturized, an multi-function electronic apparatus 1 has a main body 2, an operation and display unit 3 as a movable portion, a drive mechanism 4, the first and second energizing units, a guide groove 19 and a slide groove 21. The drive mechanism 4 has a movable arm 15 as a movable portion. The first and second energizing units energize the operation and display unit 3 and the movable arm 15. The guide groove 19 and the slide groove 21 change the energizing forces of the first and second energizing units between the first position and the second position.

Abstract: A computing system includes a pivoting mounting structure for mounting one or more electronic devices. The mounting structure is itself mounted to pivot between an operating position, within the computing system, and a service position, with the pivoting mounting structure extending outside the computing system for the installation or removal of electronic devices. A releasable latch prevents movement of the mounting structure from its service position.

Abstract: A gauge mounting device (20) for an improved means of mounting a gauge (17) to an instrument panel (19) including an annular gauge bracket assembly comprised of a gauge bracket having an inner tapering thread profile forming a helical pitch, a gripper ring disposed within said inner tapering thread profile having a plurality of gripping teeth radially aligned on a inner surface of said gripper ring and freely moveable along said inner tapering thread profile. Said gauge bracket engaged onto a conical or cylindrical gauge housing having a gauge disposed therein and preventing further rotation of said conical gauge housing forming a stationery helix. Said gauge bracket rotated causing forward movement by said helical pitch traveling along said stationery helix from said gripper ring resulting in increasing gripping force applied to said conical or cylindrical gauge housing and increasing sandwiching force between said gauge bracket and said conical or cylindrical gauge housing.

Abstract: A folding speaker bracket comprising a first half and a second half, wherein the first half is rotably connected to the second half, so as to define an axis about which the first and second halves may rotate. By this rotable attachment of the two halves, the speaker may be folded and then inserted through a hole in a mounting surface that is smaller than it would have been if the bracket did not fold.

Abstract: A mounting apparatus (20) for mounting accessory components to a panel includes a frame assembly (22) configured to attach to at least one location on a panel (58). The frame assembly (22) may include a frame member (26) and a first mounting plate (28) pivotally attached to the frame member (26). The first mounting plate (28) is configured to receive a component and is moveable from a closed position and an open position at an angle relative to the frame member (26). The frame member (26) further includes at least one aperture (56) to provide access to features and controls located on the panel (58) positioned behind the apparatus (20).

Abstract: An improved car use computer and particularly to a computer adopted for use in a car has a screen panel which has a structure for adjusting the inclined angle of the screen panel. The structure mainly includes a casing, a medium storage and retrieval facility, an incline control means, a frame and a screen panel. Through the incline control means, the inclined angle of the screen panel may be adjusted to suit users' viewing requirements.

Abstract: An optical workstation comprising an optical breadboard supported by a frame, the frame comprising a plurality of upstanding legs interconnected by laterally extending cross-beams, the cross-beams defining a space into which the optical breadboard is received and laterally enclosed. By laterally enclosing the optical breadboard with the cross-beam frame elements, side protection for the optical breadboard is provided, thus protecting it from lateral impacts against which conventional damping mounts are not effective. In addition, since the cross-beams are part of the frame structure, they provide a stable and rigid platform for mounting optical and other components at the very edge of the workstation outside the optical breadboard area. Anchor points in the cross-beams are provided for this purpose.

Abstract: A structural set having at least two different configurations of a control panel equipped with control elements organized differently from one another from right to left in mirrored symmetry. A standard carrier plate is mounted behind the control panel. The carrier plate receives at least one switching device actuable by one of the control elements of the different configurations of the control panel.

Abstract: A computer chassis includes heat generating components and a fan housing adjacent the components. A plate is mounted in the fan housing. A first flexible member extends from the plate. A second flexible member extends from the plate and is spaced apart from the first member. A grip member interconnects a distal end of the first and second members spaced apart from the plate. A latch extends from adjacent the grip member. An anti-buckle member extends between the first and second members for maintaining the flexible members spaced apart.

Abstract: Metal brackets are provided on the back of a resin frame of an instrument panel. Bosses are provided on right and left sides of an opening of the resin frame and project from the front and back surfaces of the resin frame, and may share the same axes. A display unit and the metal brackets are provided with boss and boss holes, respectively. The display unit is positioned with respect to the resin frame by inserting the back-side bosses of the resin frame into the boss holes of the metal brackets and inserting the front-side bosses of the resin frame into the boss holes of the display unit. In this state, fasteners are inserted into the fastener holes of the display unit and the resin frame and engaged with the metal brackets.

Abstract: Disclosed is a mounting bracket for a device comprising a resiliently-deformable surface, having a deforming element disposed therein, and a pair of attachment members disposed on opposite sides of and attached to the surface. The attachment members of the mounting bracket are adapted to interface with the device upon deformation of the deforming element.

Abstract: An operation panel turnabout mechanism for vehicle mount audio equipment is provided which is simple and allows an operation panel to be prevented from being stolen without removing it. A panel supporting member 6 which rotatably supports an operation panel 1 is provided to freely project from a housing and urged in the direction of projection using elasticity of a spring 14. The operation panel 1 is manually made to face backward with the panel supporting member 6 projected from the housing, and the panel supporting member 6 is moved back against elasticity of the spring 14 to allow the operation panel 1 to be installed on the front surface of the housing when the operation panel 1 faces backward.

Abstract: A pair of brackets for mounting an ISO audio component securely within a DIN aperture. Each bracket has a mounting component for abutting against a vertical side and a front reveal portion of the ISO component. A securing clip protrudes from the mounting component for detachably securing the ISO audio component within the DIN aperture, while an engaging component substantially engages a front edge of the ISO audio component.

Abstract: An electrical conduit box mounting strap is described having a single unitary structure. The strap is used for mounting conduit boxes as a fixed rigid composite structure within a volume of an internal void or cavity of a concrete, cement or similar block of material. The strap is shaped and configured to stabilize the conduit box, particularly as conduit wires are pulled therethrough.

Abstract: A system and method for stabilizing a mating is provided. One embodiment comprises an apparatus for stabilizing a mating between signal connectors. The apparatus comprises a body operable to be coupled to a unit comprising a first signal connector, said body forming an aperture operable to receive at least a portion of a surface to which a second signal connector is coupled, wherein said apparatus restrains movement of the at least a portion of the surface received by the aperture when the first signal connector and the second signal connector are mated.

Abstract: A support for a device, in particular for an electrical device, to be attached to a base section of trunking with rims directed towards each other has two crossmembers which interengage with the rims and each of which is equipped with arrangements for fixing the device. The fixing arrangements are attached to each crossmember by a flexible connection catering for a slightly offset position of the fixing arrangements in the general direction of the crossmember relative to a stable original position when fixing the device to the support.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus and method of assembly for securely attaching an instrument panel to an automobile. In one embodiment of the invention, a housing containing electronic components for the instrument panel is attached to the frame structure of an automobile. The bezel panel containing the control and display areas is then attached to the housing. The cover panel is then attached to the bezel panel and the housing by fasteners extending through the bezel panel.

Abstract: An electronics instrument 1 includes an instrument body, an operation display unit and a driving mechanism. The driving mechanism moves the operation display unit over the span between a first position where the insertion inlet of the instrument body is covered and a second position where the insertion inlet is opened. The driving mechanism is provided with a helical torsion coil spring 30. At the first position, the helical torsion coil spring 30 urges the operation display unit toward the first position. At the second position, the helical torsion coil spring 30 urges the operation display unit toward the first position. This configuration suppresses the sound generated when the operation display unit of a cover is located at a first position where the one surface of the instrument body is covered and a second position where at least a part of the one surface is opened.

Abstract: A mounting bar system permitting infinite adjustability in mounting avionics-components trays and Dzus-mounted avionics in at least one aircraft cockpit instrument panel assembly. Each mounting bar is slotted along its longitudinal axis. The slot is made to include the shape of a T such that a wider channel exists below the opening of the slot. Spring-loaded nut assemblies set to receive mounting screws from the avionics-components trays are fit within the T slot. Friction provided by the spring holds the nut assembly at any desired location within the T slot. As the nut assembly can be positioned at any location within the T slot, the mounting bar can readily be adjusted to support any avionics-components tray intended for at least one aircraft cockpit instrument panel assembly.

Abstract: An improved car use computer and particularly to a computer adopted for use in a car has a screen panel which has a structure for adjusting the inclined angle of the screen panel. The structure mainly includes a casing, a medium storage and retrieval facility, an incline control means, a frame and a screen panel. Through the incline control means, the inclined angle of the screen panel may be adjusted to suit users' viewing requirements.

Abstract: A rear tray having a speaker grill, for being installed in a panel body of a vehicle rear portion, has an engaging hole provided on the rear tray; and a clip attachment member for being engaged to the engaging hole, the clip attachment member being provided on a rear face of the speaker grill. The speaker grill is fixed to the rear tray beforehand by engaging the clip attachment member to the engaging hole.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a bracket system for mounting a device bracket within an assembly comprising a plurality of chassis brackets, a mounting bracket assembly and a chassis base with a plurality of tabs. The chassis brackets have slots and the brackets are attached to the chassis base of the assembly. The mounting bracket assembly has a plurality of tapered mounting bracket assembly slots, and a plurality of horizontally-protruding pegs.

Abstract: The invention is a flange device used for flush mounting construction fixture or hardware trims. The invention reduces the potential of a hair line crack between dissimilar materials. The invention can be molded, extruded or otherwise formed into nearly any shape and designed to work with a large variety of different fixtures, hardware and trims. The portion of the flange in contact with a surfacing material (those applied at plastic state) bonds the two surfaces together and is an interface which isolates the dissimilar fixture or hardware material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a bracket system for mounting a device bracket within an assembly comprising a plurality of chassis brackets, a mounting bracket assembly and a chassis base with a plurality of tabs. The chassis brackets have slots and the brackets are attached to the chassis base of the assembly. The mounting bracket assembly has a plurality of tapered mounting bracket assembly slots, and a plurality of horizontally-protruding pegs.

Abstract: Metal brackets are provided on the back of a resin frame of an instrument panel. Bosses are provided on right and left sides of an opening of the resin frame and project from the front and back surfaces of the resin frame, and may share the same axes. A display unit and the metal brackets are provided with boss and boss holes, respectively. The display unit is positioned with respect to the resin frame by inserting the back-side bosses of the resin frame into the boss holes of the metal brackets and inserting the front-side bosses of the resin frame into the boss holes of the display unit. In this state, fasteners are inserted into the fastener holes of the display unit and the resin frame and engaged with the metal brackets.

Abstract: An indicating instrument (4) has a housing (3) having an external thread (7) by which it can be inserted in a recess (2) of a dashboard (1). A housing nut (9) which can be screwed onto the external thread (7) and has an internal thread (8) fixes the housing (3) on the dashboard. Either the external thread (7) and the internal thread (8) are provided only in at least two subregions of the circumference of the housing (3) and of the housing nut (9), respectively, the subregions each having a shorter length than the subregions which lie between them and do not have a thread, so that the housing nut (9) can be pushed in at least one angular position completely onto the housing (3) without engaging in the external thread (7), or instead only the external thread (7) or the internal thread (8) is provided in at least two subregions of the circumference, which subregions are of resilient design radially, so that the internal thread (8) and external thread (7) can become disengaged.

Abstract: An electrical fixture mounting assembly is provided for quickly and easily mounting an electrical fixture to a brace assembly. The electrical fixture mounting assembly includes an electrical box, a brace assembly and a bracket. The brace assembly is mounted between joists located above an aperture in a ceiling. A bracket is snap-fitted onto the brace assembly. Protrusions on the bracket prevent substantial movement of the bracket during installation of the electrical box. Tabs on the bracket engage openings in the electrical box, thereby facilitating alignment of the electrical box with the bracket. An electrical box is secured to the brace assembly by the bracket and fasteners.

Abstract: A multi-function electronic appliance 1 includes an appliance body 2, an operation display unit 3, rollers 14 and spring pieces 20. The appliance body 2 is provided with a plurality of upright walls 10c. In the upright wall 10c, a guide groove 16 is formed. A through-hole 17 is opened in the guide groove 16. The operation display unit 3 is moves between the position where it covers the front face of the appliance body 2 and the position where it partially opens at least a part of the front face. The roller 14 is provided so as to be rotatable at the upper end of the operation display unit 3 and engaged with the guide groove 16. The spring piece 20 includes an attaching segment 21 attached to the appliance body 21 and an elastic deforming segment 22. The elastic deforming segment 22 advances into the guide groove 16 through the through-hole 17 and urges the roller 14 toward the front face when the operation display unit 3 covers the front face.

Abstract: A metal pipe 11 of a smaller diameter engages a metal pipe 13 of a larger diameter to provide a double-pipe structure in a predetermined area in the longitudinal direction, wherein the diameter of the two pipes 11 and 13 of the double-pipe structure section is integrally expanded using a pipe expansion technique. By making a predetermined section of the pipe member a double-pipe structure, it is possible to provide the strength and rigidity necessary for each section. It is also possible to join the two pipes by expanding the diameter of each pipe at the double-pipe structure section. By forming a section where high strength is not required by a pipe of a smaller diameter, it is possible to lighten the pipe member. Materials for the pipes 11 and 13 are carbon steels for machine structural use. If aluminum is used for the metal pipe 11 of a smaller diameter, it is possible to further lighten the pipe member.

Abstract: A mounting structure of the present invention for connecting a first member and a second member to each other comprises first bracket means attached to said first and second members and fastened together by means of a bolt and nut. The mounting structure further comprises second bracket means attached to said first and second members below said first bracket means. The second bracket means includes a first abutment member attached to one of said first and second members and having a vertical wall portion. The second bracket means further includes a second abutment member attached to the other of said first and second members and having first and second abutment portions vertically and horizontally spaced from each other.

Abstract: An apparatus for mounting an audio control in a wall is disclosed. The apparatus includes a wall-mountable housing having cleats on the front inner rim thereof and a first set of horizontal ribs spaced equally along the interior walls thereof. An audio control housing is provided for supporting the audio control and engagement of the audio control to the wall-mounted housing. The audio control housing includes flex fingers with ridges formed thereon. The flex finger ridges are operative to retractably engage the cleats to secure the audio control housing within the wall-mounted housing. The ridges are set at different spacings apart so that the audio control housing may be engagably received within the wall-mounted housing set at different depths.

Abstract: A multi-purpose bracket for structurally joining the panels of a wood cabinet and for retaining a mounting frame to which electronic components are mounted as a sub-assembly within the cabinet. The bracket is made of an elongate piece of bent sheet metal, having a lower leg that mounts using screws to a bottom panel of the cabinet, a right angle connecting leg which includes a plurality of tabs that mount to an upright panel using screws, and a plurality of right angle retaining tabs which extend from the connecting leg to form a C-shaped cross-section thereat. Opposite peripheral edges of the appropriately dimensioned mounting frame slide into opposing multi-purpose brackets to simultaneously provide structural support for the cabinet and to retain the electronics sub-assembly frame within the cabinet.

Abstract: A rear tray having a speaker grill, for being installed in a panel body of a vehicle rear portion, has an engaging hole provided on the rear tray; and a clip attachment member for being engaged to the engaging hole, the clip attachment member being provided on a rear face of the speaker grill. The speaker grill is fixed to the rear tray beforehand by engaging the clip attachment member to the engaging hole.

Abstract: A marine instrument includes a housing, a processor for processing an input signal comprising vessel navigation information, a substantially water resistant display connected to the processor, the display having at least one control switch extending outwardly from the display, a removable face plate having a window, a front surface, and a back surface, the removable face plate having at least one substantially flexible raised portion along the front surface forming a complementary concavity along the back surface, the face plate positioned on the display so that the concavity matingly receives therein the control switch, and so that the display is visible through the window, and a bezel connected to the housing so as to hold the removable face plate in place.

Abstract: The support comprises at least one sheet of a substantially rigid and foldable material having the presentation face (11), stressing means (10, 20, 21) for bending the presentation face (11) of the sheet and means (9, 19, 5) for keeping the presentation face (11) of the sheet in the bent state, which holding means oppose the stressing means (10). The holding means opposing the stressing means (10) for keeping the presentation face (11) of the sheet bent are designed so that their action is exerted at discreet points distributed along the presentation face (11) of the sheet by a plurality of strips (9).

Abstract: Presented is a component housing assembly having universal mounting capability provided by a universal mounting bracket and a housing having a plurality of mounting holes to accommodate the attachment of the bracket in multiple configurations. Specifically, the component housing is sized to fit within a standard 19-inch rack-mount cabinet. The universal mounting bracket includes a first and a second portion in a perpendicular relationship, each having a length suitable for mounting the housing in multiple mounting configurations. In a 19-inch mounting configuration, the longer of the first and second portions of the mounting bracket is secured to the sides of the housing, allowing the shorter portion to meet with the mounting rails on the rack-mount cabinet.

Abstract: A distance measuring sensor mounting structure includes a bulkhead upper frame, a front bumper beam situated below the bulkhead upper frame and diagonally to the front thereof and at least two sensor brackets each having a distance measuring sensor fixedly supported thereon. At least two sensor brackets are installed at predetermined positions between the bulkhead upper frame and the front bumper beam to connect the bulkhead upper frame to the front bumper beam.

Abstract: A device for mounting and aligning an apparatus on a holding frame, where the apparatus is arranged on a holding part that abuts against the holding frame with a contact surface, and is fastened to the holding frame in a manner allowing rotation about an axis of rotation running perpendicular to the contact surface. A coupling part may be fastened to the holding part on the side of the holding frame facing away from the holding part using fasteners, which reach through at least one opening provided in the holding frame. A fixing device is provided which, during the fastening of the coupling part to the holding part, defines the position of the coupling part relative to the holding part in relation to a predefined alignment. An arrangement is provided for locking the holding part on the holding frame in an adjustable rotational position.

Abstract: A control and/or signaling device including a housing member and a head member, and which is intended for mounting in the mounting bore of a mounting plate, a mounting wall or a like smaller than the head in the vicinity of the head. The housing member so that the control and/or signaling device can be attached through a nut member and using only one hand. To this end, a resilient flexible material is placed in the transition area between the cylindrical housing and the head member wherein this flexible mass is applied according to a dual-component injection-moulding method. The housing member and the head member are made of hard resilient material that has a sealing function as well as fixation function optimised by rib-shaped segments.

Abstract: A combination switch and universal mounting bracket has a switch and a universal mounting bracket. The switch includes a switch housing having a face, four sidewalls, and a rear. The universal mounting bracket includes a mounting base plate having a housing aperture shaped to slidably engage the switch housing. Three mounting arms are pivotally attached to a mounting side of the mounting base plate, each of the three mounting arms having a mounting aperture on a terminal end for mounting the universal mounting bracket onto a mounting surface with a screw. A base end of each of the three mounting arms is pivotally attached to the mounting base plate such that each of the three mounting arms pivots between a first position in which the mounting arm is generally orthogonal to the mounting base plate, to a second position in which the mounting arm is generally on the same plane as the mounting base plate.

Abstract: An electrical conduit box mounting strap is described having a single unitary structure. The strap is used for mounting conduit boxes as a fixed rigid composite structure within a volume of an internal void or cavity of a concrete, cement or similar block of material. The strap is shaped and configured to stabilize the conduit box, particularly as conduit wires are pulled therethrough.

Abstract: An apparatus for mounting an audio speaker within a wall such that the apparatus and speaker are attached to and supported by one or more wall studs and so that a face of the audio speaker is substantially flush with the wall. The apparatus broadly comprises a substantially rectangular box having a backwall and four upstanding sidewalls. One or more of the sidewalls is provided with an aperture, and inside the aperture is located a fixture assembly. The fixture assembly comprises a spacer mount through which is threaded a spacer having a bore. The spacer is threadably extendable and retractable, and can be extended to a length sufficient to contact the nearest wall stud. A fixture is then inserted into and through the bore in the spacer and is driven or screwed into the wall stud to as to secure the apparatus and speaker in position.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus for operating the front panel of a car audio system. The apparatus includes a guide rack, a main chassis, a front chassis, a trim plate, a front panel and a linkage. The guide rack is comprised of a rack body and a slide link. The main chassis is provided at its right side with a plurality of rack shafts and a damper gear. The front chassis covers the open front of the main chassis, and is provided with two vertical link guide slots, two link tabs, a link guide recess, a spring holder and auxiliary spring holders. The trim plate covers the front surface of the front chassis, and is provided at its both sides with two vertical link guide slots. The front panel, to which a control panel is attached, is provided with a plurality of link holders and a link guide recess. The linkage connects the front chassis and the front panel, and selectively locks and unlocks the guide rack.

Abstract: An in-wall speaker mounting apparatus adapted to attach to adjacent studs in a wall is provided. Such stud attachment permits the weight of the apparatus as well as any speakers attached to the apparatus to be supported by the studs and not the wall in which the apparatus is mounted. The apparatus comprises a backwall and four upstanding sidewalls. At least one sidewall or the backwall is provided with an access hole which serves as an entry point for speaker wire or the like. At least one, and preferably two opposing sidewalls are provided with a pair of apertures each having a fixture assembly mounted thereto. The fixture assembly comprises a spacer mount having a flanged portion flush with the exterior portion of the sidewall and an exteriorly threaded region extending into the apparatus. A flanged hex nut is threaded onto the threaded region of the spacer mount with the flanged portion of the hex nut flush with the interior portion of the sidewall.

Abstract: A device for retaining an LED indicator on a computer enclosure includes a hole defined in a panel of the enclosure for receiving the LED indicator therein. The hole has a circumferential edge along which a perpendicular flange is formed for surface contacting and thus securely retaining the LED indicator. Two radially extending slits are defined in the panel in communication with the hole thereby forming a resilient tab therebetween. A nominal diameter of the hole is substantially corresponding to or slightly smaller than a diameter of the LED indicator whereby when the LED indicator is inserted into the hole, the resilient tab is deflected and thus applies a biasing force to the LED indicator for securely retaining the LED indicator. A round corner is formed between the flange and the edge of the hole for avoiding damaging the LED indicator and for guiding the LED indicator into the hole.

Abstract: An optical disk drive assembly includes a hollow housing, an optical disk drive, and a control panel. The hollow housing has a bottom wall, two opposite side walls extending upwardly from two opposite sides of the bottom wall, a rear wall extending upwardly from a rear end of the bottom wall, and a front opening formed at a front end of the bottom wall and opposed to the rear wall. The optical disk drive is mounted inside the hollow housing. The optical disk drive is spaced apart from and is disposed above the bottom wall to define a clearance therebetween. The control panel is movably received in the clearance. The control panel has a front end, and a plurality of control keys disposed adjacent to the front end of the control panel and connected electrically to the optical disk drive for manipulation of the optical disk drive.

Abstract: An adjustable bracket for mounting a lighting reflector is disclosed, useful for conveniently mounting a lighting reflector to a lighting fixture housing by sliding engagement, for easily adjusting the reflector in relation to the housing, thereby focusing or directing light, and for setting the optimal position of the reflector using a spring-biased pin, operable with only a single hand, thereby allowing the user to mount and adjust the reflector using one hand, while freeing the user's second hand for holding the reflector during mounting and adjustment.

Abstract: A branch connection accessory for establishing a connection between first trunking which is fixed to a vertical support and second trunking which rests on a horizontal support includes a closure plate for closing the first trunking provided at its base with a communication opening to establish communication between the respective interior spaces of the first trunking and the second trunking. The communication opening is delimited laterally by legs each having at least one removable portion so that the height of the communication opening can be adapted to the relative position of the first trunking and the second trunking. A connection accessory is attached to the closure plate to close the communication opening from the outside and includes a canopy adapted to cover locally a closure cover section of the second trunking.

Abstract: A clip (10) is disclosed for mounting a optical fiber coupler (12) in a panel (14) of a device such as a horizontal coupler module (16). The clip (10) is formed of resilient spring steel and has first and second tabs (90, 100) with a portion (92, 102) extending away from the sides (86, 88) of the clip and a second portion (96, 106) which extends toward the sides. The clip (10) allows the clip and coupler (12) to be inserted from the front side (68) of the panel (14) and removed from the front side for inspection, testing and cleaning.