Abstract: Device for emitting and guiding an infrared radiation comprising a waveguide (1) and means (5) for emitting an infrared radiation (R), characterized in that said means (5) for emitting an infrared radiation (R) are formed at the surface or inside the waveguide (1), in such a way that the radiation emitted is transmitted to the waveguide (1) which transports it.

Abstract: Disclosed are improved methods and apparatus for determining a kinetic parameter of a sample via thermogravimetry. According to the methods, accuracy of the measured parameter is improved and made less susceptible to noise across a temperature range, in particular at near-zero values of the rate of change of the weight of the sample. The disclosed methods avoid taking a logarithm of the first derivative of a thermogravimetric signal related to the sample weight detected during the experiment.

Abstract: A particle detection system including a particle detector in fluid communication with at least two sample inlets for receiving a sample flow from a monitored region. The particle detector includes detection means for detecting the level of particles within the sample flow and outputting a first signal indicative of the level of particles within the sample flow. A flow sensor is located downstream of the sample inlets for measuring the flow rate of the sample flow and outputting a second signal indicative of the flow rate of the sample flow. At least a first sample inlet is normally open to the monitored region for receiving at least part of the sample flow. At least a second sample inlet is normally closed to the monitored region but is openable to the monitored region in response to a change in environmental conditions in the monitored region.

Abstract: A method is provided of calibrating a system that detects presence of a pollution component within exhaust gases proceeding along an exhaust passageway. A measurement cell of a probe is isolated by movement of either the entire probe or a shield within the probe from the exhaust gas to allow reference gas to be detected by a laser beam in the mid-infrared range in the measurement cell to calibrate the system. In another example, a laser source is placed on one side of an exhaust passageway and a detector is placed on the other side. A reference cell is provided that is used to receive reference gas and calibrate the system. In yet another example, the exhaust gas is extracted from the passageway and is measured in a reference cell. The reference cell is also filled with reference gas when it is desired to calibrate the system.

Abstract: An optical measuring system and a method for gas detection, the optical measuring system including a light emitter and at least one light detector arranged in at least one housing, wherein the light emitter emits a modulated main light beam with a mean wave length ?0 with a modulation span ??. At least one opto-mechanical component, e.g. a housing window including optically effective boundary surfaces, is arranged between the light emitter and the light detector and causes scatter light beams which interfere with the main light beam so that self-mixing occurs and/or etalons are caused. According to the invention the at least one opto-mechanical component is arranged relative to the light emitter and/or the light detector at an optimized distance L which is a function of the wave length ?0 and the modulation span ?? of the main light beam.

Abstract: A method of monitoring combustion properties in an interior of a furnace is described. A beam of light is projected through a pitch optic including a pitch collimating lens residing outside the boiler interior. The pitch collimating lens projects the beam through a penetration into the boiler interior. The beam of light projected by the pitch collimating lens is reflected from at least one in-furnace retro-reflector, and received with a catch optic substantially identical to the pitch optic residing outside the boiler interior. The pitch optic and the catch optic may be embodied in the same pitch/catch optic. The pitch collimating lens may also be steered toward another of the at least one in-furnace retro-reflectors. Combustion properties may be calculated for each retro-reflector based on retro-reflector zones within the furnace.

Abstract: Disclosed is an infrared optical sensor for the continuous analysis of a liquid flowing in a pipe. The sensor includes, in a housing, a central section of duct through which the liquid to be analyzed flows, and a spectral analysis device using a light beam, including an infrared source which emits a signal which is received by a receiving device having passed through the liquid, an optical component which allows the light beam to pass through the liquid, and a support plate which carries the infrared source and the receiving device. The liquid to be analyzed circulates through a loop formed by walls in the form of an arch of the optical component and by a projection of the housing in the optical component. A sealing gasket is compressed between the optical component and the housing, in order to prevent any diffusion of liquid on the interior of the housing.

Abstract: A sensor element (100) includes a first conductive electrode (120) having a first conductive member (122) electrically coupled thereto; an absorptive dielectric layer (130) comprising a polymer of intrinsic microporosity; and a second conductive electrode (140) having a second conductive member (142) electrically coupled thereto. The second conductive electrode comprises carbon nanotubes and is permeable to at least one organic vapor. The absorptive dielectric layer is at least partially disposed between the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode. A method of making the sensor element, and sensor device (200) containing it, are also disclosed.

Abstract: An NDIR gas-sensor arrangement for measuring a target-gas concentration comprises a variable-power infrared-radiation emitter that can project radiant energy from one side of a space containing the target gas and through the space to the other side thereof, a infrared-radiation receiver on the other side of the space and positioned to be irradiated by the radiant energy projected by the emitter through the space for emitting a signal corresponding to radiation received, and a filter between the receiver and the space and permeable only to radiation of a wavelength range that corresponds to the target gas. A controller connected to the radiation receiver calculates the target-gas concentration on the basis of the signal from the receiver to the controller.

Abstract: A device and method for identifying solid and liquid materials use near-infrared transmission spectroscopy combined with multivariate calibration methods for analysis of the spectral data. Near-infrared transmission spectroscopy is employed within either the 700-1100 nm or the 900-1700 nm wavelength range to identify solid or liquid materials and determine whether they match specific known materials. Uses include identifying solid (including powdered) and liquid materials with a fast measurement cycle time of about 2 to 15 seconds and with a method that requires no sample preparation, as well as quantitative analysis to determine the concentration of one or more chemical components in a solid or liquid sample that consists of a mixture of components. A primary application of such analysis includes detection of counterfeit drug tablets, capsules and liquid medications.

Abstract: A multimode configurable imaging spectropolarimeter in which the polarimetry function can be activated and deactivated on demand.

Abstract: A gas sample separated from transformer oil is circulated through an NDIR gas sensor system which obtains an acetylene concentration by calculating a detected acetylene concentration obtained by an absorption biased (“AB”) NDIR acetylene gas sensor, calculating a detected carbon dioxide concentration obtained by an AB NDIR carbon dioxide gas sensor, calculating a detected water vapor concentration obtained by an AB NDIR water vapor NDIR gas sensor and then determining the acetylene concentration from the detected acetylene concentration through use of the detected carbon dioxide and water vapor concentrations to compensate for their interference.

Abstract: There is provided an electromagnetic wave signal processor configured to process an input pulse signal corresponding to an electromagnetic wave, comprising a signal processing unit including: a peak detecting circuit to detect peak values of each amplitude of the input pulse signal; an AD converter to convert the peak values into digital signals; a memory device comprising memory cells each having an address assigned in accordance with each of values capable of being taken by the digital signals of the peak values, and being able to have any one of a plurality of internal states representing detection frequencies of the peak values; and a writing circuit to change the internal state in the memory cell that has the address corresponding to the value of each digital signal converted by the AD converter, so as to increment the detection frequency represented by the internal state.

Abstract: An optical gas analyzer, preferably for hydrocarbons, comprises an optical gas cell, an infrared LED pulse radiation source and a radiation detector at the inlet and outlet of the cell, respectively, and a control unit. The detector comprises measuring and reference photovoltaic detectors, a filter window at the detector inlet, and a filter mirror inside the same. Resulting spectral transmission and reflection characteristics of the filter window and filter mirror match the absorption spectrum for the gas and the radiation spectrum of the source. The filter window and filter mirror compensate external influence upon the radiation path trajectory within the cell on the gas concentration result. The cell comprises spherical or parabolic and flat mirrors arranged in a checker order to transmit the beam of the source via a zigzag-like trajectory between the mirrors. The analyzer offers a fast response and high sensitivity along with minimized power consumption and dimensions.

Abstract: A system and method for determining characteristics of a multiphase flow in a well/pipe are disclosed. The disclosed system and method use an optical immersion probe including a flow gap across which two or more types of radiation are transmitted in order to measure absorptions of two or more substances within the multiphase flow. Primarily, broadband ultraviolet (UV) and/or near infrared radiations (NIR) are utilized with the probe to gather absorption data at and/or around at least one of the water peaks and at and/or around one or more oil or oil-condensate peaks. This data may be utilized to calculate the water-cut of the multiphase flow over a wider range of gas volume fractions. Additionally, pressure ports having pressure sensors being located on the optical immersion probe for determining the impact pressures and flow rates of different phases of the multiphase flow may also be used.

Abstract: A sensor device to detect a level of carbon dioxide in a body of gas includes one or more lead selenide detectors as infrared sensing elements. The sensor device operates without temperature regulation required by conventional lead selenide-based sensors, and instead measurements of the sensor device are compensated for a temperature measured by a thermal sensor.

Abstract: Cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy systems and methods for detecting trace gases using a resonance optical cavity, which contains a gas mixture to be analyzed, and a laser coupled to the cavity by optical feedback. The cavity has any of a variety of configurations with two or more mirrors, including for example a linear cavity, a v-shaped cavity and a ring optical cavity. The cavity will have multiple cavity resonant modes, or a comb of frequencies spaced apart, as determined by the parameters of the cavity, including the length of the cavity, as is well known. Systems and methods herein also allow for optimization of the cavity modes excited during a scan and/or the repetition rate.

Abstract: A patient monitoring system may provide photoacoustic sensing based on an indicator dilution to determine one or more physiological parameters of a subject. The system may detect an acoustic pressure signal, which may include one or more thermo-dilution responses, one or more hemo-dilution responses, or a combination thereof. For example, a thermo-dilution indicator and/or a hemo-dilution indicator may be used to determine one or more hemodynamic parameters. In a further example, an isotonic indicator and a hypertonic indicator may be used to determine one or more hemodynamic parameters of the subject.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for assessment of a sealed package. Light is emitted from a narrow-band laser source towards said package from outside of said package. An absorption signal of said light scattered in said package is measured, wherein said absorption is caused by said at least one gas when said light is scattered and travels in said sealed package. Measuring is made outside of said package, whereby said assessment is non-intrusive with regard to said package. It is determined if a deviation exists from a predetermined, expected gas composition and/or concentration of said at least one gas within said sealed package based on said measured absorption signal. Thus sealing of said package for said gas is detected.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an optical element, the method comprising: growing a first layer of single crystal diamond material via a chemical vapor deposition technique using a gas phase having a first nitrogen concentration; growing a second layer of single crystal diamond material over said first layer via a chemical vapor deposition technique using a gas phase having a second nitrogen concentration, wherein the second nitrogen concentration is lower than the first nitrogen concentration; forming an optical element from at least a portion of the second layer of single crystal diamond material; and forming an out-coupling structure at a surface of the optical element for increasing out-coupling of light.

Abstract: An optical wavelength dispersion device includes a first substrate; an input unit formed on the first substrate having a slit for receiving an optical signal; a grating formed on the first substrate for producing a first light beam form the optical signal for outputting; and a second substrate covered on the top of the input unit and the grating; wherein the input unit and the grating are formed from a photo-resist layer by high energy light source exposure.

Abstract: The invention concerns an optical system. The optical system comprises an input for receiving an optical signal, a predetermined output plane, and a diffraction grating for separating the optical signal received at the input into spectral elements thereof. The grating has a diffraction surface, which is formed by a photolithography process. The diffraction surface has a first predetermined profile. The first profile is formed by a plurality of points each conducted by different equations. Consequently, each spectral component is focused on the predetermined output plane.

Abstract: An optical path of infrared rays (see the broken lines in FIG. 1) is modified to a substantially U-like shape by a first reflecting mirror and a second reflecting mirror. An incidence angle of the infrared rays incident on the wavelength filter (an angle between the infrared rays incident on the surface of the wavelength filter and the line perpendicular to the surface of the wavelength filter) is nearly zero. For this reason, as compared with a conventional example, the influence of the incidence angle dependence of the wavelength filter can be reduced. As a result, the amount of the infrared rays reaching the light receiving unit through the wavelength filter is increased, thereby suppressing a decline in the detection accuracy of the gas component.

Abstract: In cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS), scattering into the backward mode of a traveling wave ring-down cavity can degrade conventional CRDS performance. We have found that this performance degradation can be alleviated by measuring the backward mode signal emitted from the ring-down cavity, and using this signal to improve the processing for extracting ring-down times from the measured data. For example, fitting an exponential to the sum of the intensities of the forward and backward signals often provides substantially better results for the ring-down time than fitting an exponential to the forward signal alone. Other possibilities include extracting cavity eigenmode signals from the forward and backward signals and performing separate exponential fits to the eigenmode signals. An optical circulator can be used to facilitate measurement of the backward mode signal.

Abstract: In exemplary implementations of this invention, a set of two scanning mirrors scans the one dimensional field of view of a streak camera across a scene. The mirrors are continuously moving while the camera takes streak images. Alternately, the mirrors may only between image captures. An illumination source or other captured event is synchronized with the camera so that for every streak image the scene looks different. The scanning assures that different parts of the scene are captured.

Abstract: A tunable laser source that includes multiple gain elements and uses a spatial light modulator in an external cavity to produce spectrally tunable output is claimed. Several designs of the external cavity are described, targeting different performance characteristics and different manufacturing costs for the device. Compared to existing devices, the tunable laser source produces high output power, wide tuning range, fast tuning rate, and high spectral resolution.

Abstract: An optical absorption gas sensor includes a radiation source, detector and radiation guide which has a rectangular cross section and curves around a side of the cross section. Locating elements locate a support element relative to the radiation guide to align the radiation source and detector with the guide. Radiation from the reference radiation source may be transmitted through a transparent measurement radiation source. Radiation from a reference radiation source may be directed around the measurement reference source. A light emitting diode may generate radiation which is detected by a photodiode and the photodiode may be driven to generate radiation having a different emission spectrum detectable using the light emitting diode, in another operating mode. Two or more abutting L-shaped radiation guide portions may form the radiation guide.

Abstract: A system includes a sensor configured to sense an environmental condition. The sensor includes an input/output (I/O) reconfiguration system. The sensor further includes a plurality of I/O connectors configured to interface with at least one external system, wherein the I/O reconfiguration system is communicatively coupled to at least one of the plurality of I/O connectors and is configured to derive a sensor function based on an indication received via the at least one of the plurality of I/O connectors, and wherein signals derived by the sensor based on the sensor function are provided via the plurality of I/O connectors.

Abstract: A system includes a sensor body that has a folded optical waveguide configured in a “U” shape, wherein the waveguide is configured to convey infrared energy from one end of the waveguide to the other end of the waveguide.

Abstract: A chemical sensor is provided. The sensor includes at least one lightguiding element having an optical core. The lightguiding element comprises a layer of graphene situated in sufficient proximity to the core to exhibit evanescent wave absorption of optical energy in at least one optical mode guided in the core.

Abstract: A gas sensor for measuring concentration of a predetermined gas comprises a light source arranged to emit pulses of light, a measurement volume, a detector arranged to receive light that has passed through the measurement volume, and an adaptable filter disposed between the light source and the detector. The gas sensor has a measurement state in which it passes at least one wavelength band which is absorbed by the gas and a reference state in which said wavelength band is attenuated relative to the measurement state. The adaptable filter is arranged to change between one of said measurement state and said reference state to the other at least once during each pulse.

Abstract: An intracavity laser absorption infrared spectroscopy system for detecting trace analytes in vapor samples. The system uses a spectrometer in communications with control electronics, wherein the control electronics contain an analyte database that contains absorption profiles for each analyte the system is used to detect. The system can not only detect the presence of specific analytes, but identify them as well. The spectrometer uses a hollow cavity waveguide that creates a continuous loop inside of the device, thus creating a large path length and eliminating the need to mechanically adjust the path length to achieve a high Q-factor. In a preferred embodiment, the laser source may serve as the detector, thus eliminating the need for a separate detector.

Abstract: A method and a system for detecting the presence of propellant gas in a gaseous sample exploit laser light especially in the 3.30-3.5 ?m range. The propellant can be propane, n-butane, i-butane, dimethyl ether, methyl ethyl ether, HFA 134a, HFA 227, or any other propellant exhibiting absorption in the requisite wavelength range. The presence of the application of this method in leak testing of propellant-containing containers such as aerosols or fuel canisters, permits high-speed, high accuracy leak detection capable of replacing existing testing methods.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device for optically determining a concentration of alcohol and carbohydrates in a liquid sample. The device includes at least a first and a second light source arranged for exposing the liquid sample in a wavelength range between 750 nm and 1000 nm, a spectrometer arranged to determine a first and a second light intensity by measuring the light from the first and the second light source, a processing unit which is connected to the spectrometer and which is arranged to determine an absorption value of the liquid sample from a comparison of the first and the second light intensity with a reference value. In certain aspects, the device may further include a processing unit that calculates concentrations of alcohol and/or carbohydrates and at least two polarization filters.

Abstract: An apparatus is configured to measure various properties of sample in a sample chamber such as, for example, water activity. The apparatus includes a tunable diode laser that emits laser radiation into the sealed chamber without passing through the air outside the sample chamber or a wall of the sample chamber. The laser radiation only passes through the gaseous mixture in the sample chamber. A temperature sensor such as an infrared thermometer is positioned to measure the temperature of a sample in the sample chamber. The apparatus may be configured to include a plurality of sample containers each of which includes a sealed sample chamber. The sample containers may be automatically fed through the apparatus and analyzed with the tunable diode laser without any operator input or interaction.

Abstract: The present application provides a non-dispersive infrared gas sensor. The non-dispersive infrared gas sensor may include an infrared source, an infrared detector, and a waveguide extending about the infrared source and the infrared detector. The waveguide may include a reflective diffuser thereon.

Abstract: A gas sample separated from transformer oil is circulated through an NDIR gas sensor system which obtains an acetylene concentration by calculating a detected acetylene concentration obtained by an absorption biased (“AB”) NDIR acetylene gas sensor, calculating a detected carbon dioxide concentration obtained by an AB NDIR carbon dioxide gas sensor, calculating a detected water vapor concentration obtained by an AB NDIR water vapor NDIR gas sensor and then determining the acetylene concentration from the detected acetylene concentration through use of the detected carbon dioxide and water vapor concentrations to compensate for their interference.

Abstract: A shockproof gas sensor includes a gas detector, an infrared source, an infrared detector a circuit board and at least one shockproof unit. The gas detector defines a chamber, a first end portion and a second end portion opposite the first end portion. The infrared source is disposed in the chamber proximate to the first end portion while the infrared detector is disposed in the chamber and proximate to the second end portion. The circuit board is respectively electrically connected to the infrared source and the infrared detector. The shockproof unit is coupled to the gas detector and the circuit board, and the gas detector is secured on the circuit board by the shockproof unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for loading solid particles into a vessel comprising: particle feed means (24); means (26) for dispersing the particles from the top to the bottom of the vessel; at least one means (17) for measuring the height of the filling bed; and at least one automated system for controlling the feed means (24) and/or the dispersion means (26), and also to a process and uses implementing the device.

Abstract: In embodiments of the present invention, a system and method of cytometry may include presenting a single sperm cell to at least one laser source configured to deliver light to the sperm cell in order to induce bond vibrations in the sperm cell DNA, and detecting the signature of the bond vibrations. The bond vibration signature is used to calculate a DNA content carried by the sperm cell which is used to identify the sperm cell as carrying an X-chromosome or Y-chromosome. Another system and method may include flowing cells past at least one QCL source one-by-one using a fluid handling system, delivering QCL light to a single cell to induce resonant mid-IR absorption by one or more analytes of the cell, and detecting, using a mid-infrared detection facility, the transmitted mid-infrared wavelength light, wherein the transmitted mid-infrared wavelength light is used to identify a cell characteristic.

Abstract: The invention relates to a contamination recording apparatus (12) for recording contaminations in a flowing hydraulic fluid (10) to be examined in aircraft (11a), which comprises a conveying device (14) for conveying the flowing hydraulic fluid (10), a light source (34) for exposing the hydraulic fluid (10) flowing in the conveying device (14) to light (46), and a detection device (36) for recording a fraction of the light (46) absorbed by the exposed hydraulic fluid (10), the light source (34) being formed in order to emit light (46) having a wavelength in the near-infrared range. The invention furthermore relates to a hydraulic system (11) equipped with such a contamination recording apparatus (12) and to an aircraft (11a), and also to a method for recording contaminations in a hydraulic fluid (10) flowing in a hydraulic system (11) of an aircraft (11a).

Abstract: A gas analysis apparatus includes: a first reflector that reflects measurement light from a light emitting unit disposed outside a gas flue wall and transmitted through a sample gas. A light receiving unit outside the gas flue wall receives measurement light reflected by the first reflector. A second reflector outside the gas flue wall reflects measurement light toward the light receiving unit. A computing unit analyzes sample gas by allowing the measurement light to be reflected by the first reflector and performs correction or calibration of the gas analysis apparatus using known substances within an associated containing unit along the light path between the light emitting unit and the second reflector by allowing measurement light to be reflected by the second reflector. A switching unit outside the gas flue wall selectively removes or inserts the second reflector from the light path during component concentration analysis and correction or calibration, respectively.

Abstract: A shockproof gas sensor includes a gas detector, an infrared source, an infrared detector a circuit board and at least one shockproof unit. The gas detector defines a chamber, a first end portion and a second end portion opposite the first end portion. The infrared source is disposed in the chamber proximate to the first end portion while the infrared detector is disposed in the chamber and proximate to the second end portion. The circuit board is respectively electrically connected to the infrared source and the infrared detector. The shockproof unit is coupled to the gas detector and the circuit board, and the gas detector is secured on the circuit board by the shockproof unit.

Abstract: A gas measurement module (16) for use with an airway adapter (22) is configured such that both an emitter (48) and a detector (52, 54) are disposed on the same side of a sampling chamber (46) formed within the airway adapter. Optical elements (56) that guide electromagnetic radiation from the emitter back and forth across the sampling chamber to the detector include at least one toric element. The at least one toric element compensates for a tilted folding mirror positioned on a side of the sampling chamber opposite from the emitter and the detector.

Abstract: A system includes a cold cell tube configured to receive a mixture of a target gas and a buffer gas to cool the target gas to a temperature at which a partial pressure of the target gas is greater than the saturated vapor pressure of the target gas while maintaining at least a portion of the target gas in the gas phase. The system also includes a spectroscopic module configured to detect the cooled target gas in the cold cell tube; and an analysis module configured to determine a characteristic of the target gas based on the results of the detecting.

Abstract: In order to obtain a radiation measurement system in which a shield is reduced in size to achieve reduction in cost and missing measurement is not present in the whole measurement range, and which is good in stability and responsiveness, a radiation detector which is low in measurement range of radiation is arranged in a sample vessel in which a sample gas serving as a radiation measurement object is made to flow; a radiation detector, which is high in measurement range having a measurement range that follows the radiation detector which is low in measurement range of radiation, is arranged outside the sample vessel; and the sample vessel and a plurality of the radiation detectors are surrounded by a shield to shield from environmental radiation.

Abstract: A measuring cell (1) for the infrared analysis of fluids, in particular a measuring cell (1) having a permissible operating pressure of more than 20 bar and preferably more than 50 bar, has a flow channel (10) for the fluid formed between first and second elements (2, 4). Each element is transparent to infrared radiation at least in some sections. The infrared radiation can be radiated into the flow channel (10) by the first element (2) and can exit the flow channel (10) by the second element (4). The two elements (2, 4) are connected to each other in a fluid-tight and mechanically high-strength manner by a connecting layer (6) arranged between them and made of a glass-containing material, in particular a sintered glass-ceramic material. A measuring system (8) has that measuring cell (1). A method produces that measuring cell (1).

Abstract: The detector in accordance with the present invention includes: a light emitter; a light receiver; and a light guiding member which includes a detection space for determining a state of a predetermined gas and is configured to guide light emitted from the light emitter to the at least one light receiver through the detection space. An internal surface of the detection space of the light guiding member includes a reflective surface causing reflection of light emitted from the light emitter. The reflective surface is a concave ellipsoidal surface having a long axis defined by a straight line determined by the light emitter and the light receiver. The reflective surface has a first focal point at a position of the light emitter and a second focal point on an opposite side of the light receiver from the first focal point.

Abstract: A differential temperature source methodology for the design of a single beam NDIR gas sensor is advanced. This methodology uses a low and a high amplitude voltage cycle to drive a closely approximated Blackbody source for generating at different times two distinct detector outputs obtained from the same detector equipped the same narrow band pass filter but strategically designed for the detection of only a particular portion of the absorption band for the gas of interest. The ratio of the high amplitude cycle detector output over the low amplitude cycle detector output is used to calibrate such an NDIR gas sensor after it is normalized by a similar ratio when there is no target gas present in the sample chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting an organic compound and an apparatus for manufacturing a display device, the apparatus for detecting an organic compound including an infrared light emitting unit that irradiates infrared rays toward a gas-phase organic compound used as a process gas in an atmospheric pressure equipment; a first window that separates the organic compound from the infrared light emitting unit; an infrared detection unit that measures an infrared absorbance of the organic compound; and a second window that separates the organic compound from the infrared detection unit, wherein infrared absorption regions of the first window and the second window are different from an infrared absorption region of the organic compound.