Abstract: The present application relates to the field of logistics, discloses an anti-disassembly logistics appliance and anti-disassembly method therefor, realizing the anti-disassembly alarm of a designated module under the premise of simple structure and low power consumption.

Abstract: A processing device for position sensing includes a plurality of light sensors, a signal processing unit, a current mirror unit and a transforming unit. The light sensors are spaced apart from each other and sense a light field to generate a plurality of position sensing current signals. The signal processing unit receives the position sensing current signals and provides a load isolation, so as to generate a first current signal and a second current signal. The second current signal is transmitted to a node. The first and second current signals respectively correspond to a first group and a second group of light sensors. The current mirror unit mirrors the first current signal to a third current signal. The third current is transmitted to the node. The transforming unit transforms a differential current signal formed by the second and third current signals on the node to a voltage signal.

Abstract: In one general aspect, the present disclosure is related to a sensor device for detecting selector lever positions of a selector lever for a motor vehicle. The sensor device may include at least four sensors and a code carrier, where the code carrier is arranged such that it is faced by the at least four sensors. The code carrier may be movable with respect to the at least four sensors. The code carrier may be attached to the selector lever. The code carrier may include several coding areas each with an encoding. The code carrier can thus be referred to as coding carrier. The encoding of the individual coding areas can be read by using the sensors.

Abstract: A analog integrated sensor device has an interface with only a single ground line and a single signal line configured to receive power and output an analog value. A power capacitor is coupled between the ground line and the single signal line. An analog sensor circuitry is operable to be powered by the power capacitor and further operable to output an analog output signal on the single signal line once the power capacitor has bee charged sufficiently.

Abstract: A multi-purpose efficient charge particle detector that by switching bias voltages measures either secondary ions, or secondary electrons (SE) from a sample, or secondary electrons that originate from back scattered electrons (SE3), is described. The basic version of the detector structure and two stripped down versions enable its use for the following detection combinations: The major version is for measuring secondary ions, or secondary electrons from the sample, or secondary electrons due to back-scattered electrons that hit parts other than the sample together or without secondary electrons from the sample. Measuring secondary ions or secondary electrons from the sample (no SE3). Measuring secondary electrons from the sample and/or secondary electrons resulting from back-scattered electrons hitting objects other than the sample (no ions).

Abstract: In an optical pickup device provided with an optical system for guiding and focusing three-beam laser light along a predetermined route onto a recording surface of an optical disk and guiding a reflected light from the recording surface along the same route, a transparent plate, whereof a normal line is inclined by 45° with respect to an optical axis of the reflected light and is fixed in the direction in which the component of the normal line which is vertical to the optical axis is fixed to a direction of being rotated from a horizontal direction by 45° about the optical axis, is provided on the route of the reflected light between a beam splitter and an optical sensor.

Abstract: A media position sensing system for a plotter in which a media is driven along at least one edge thereof comprising a plurality of apertures in the media positioned within the width of the edge and an optical detector positioned along the edge for sensing the appearance of the apertures in order to sense a selected position of the media. In a particular embodiment, the width of the apertures are less than one-half the width of the edge and are offset spaced from one another across the width of the edge to present an effective detection capability equivalent to a single aperture having a width equal to the width of the edge. The apertures extend along the length of the media a distance approximately equal to the width of the edge and are located near the end of the length of the media for sensing the end of the media.

Abstract: Disclosed are Power Encoder means for imprinting MICR characters on checks, with optical check-sensing means disposed along a check-transport path, including optical skew-sensor means.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for analyzing tracking errors in magnetic tape. The apparatus and method allow for distinguishing between those errors in track configuration due to rotational errors (i.e., errors deriving from rotation of the head wheel of a recording and/or reading machine) and errors in track configuration due to other sources of error. An apparatus useful to practice the method holds a magnetic tape in a condition useful for examining the magnetic tape to measure the configuration of recorded tracks on the recording surface of the tape. The apparatus includes means for applying and maintaining a selected tension to the longitudinal and cross-web axes of the tape, a planar measuring surface having X and Y measuring scales allowing for measurement of distances between selected points on the recording surface of the tape, and a microscope or other sensing device for examining the recording surface.

Abstract: A film retrieval system comprises a light source for illuminating a film having marks applied thereon, a photo-detector for detecting light intensity transmitted from the illuminated film, a device for determining a reference in accordance with the light intensity detected by the photo-detector, a discriminator for determining the presence or absence of the mark by comparing the reference determined by the reference device and an output of the photo-detector and, a setting device for setting a detection point of the transmitted light intensity by the photo-detector at any point spaced from a leading edge of the film.

Abstract: A mark detecting apparatus comprises an illuminator means for illuminating a film with marks having density different from the density of its periphery, a plurality of photosensors arranged in the feeding direction of the film, which serve as light receivers for receiving the transmitting light of the film illuminated by the illuminator means to detect the presence of marks, setting device for establishing a reference value on the basis of the maximum value and quasimaximal value among each of the output signals of the photosensors, and discriminator for discriminating the presence of marks by comparing the reference value established by the setting device and the output of the light receivers. With the structure thus arranged, it is possible to establish the binalizing reference value of the photosensors accurately even when the fluctuation of the luminous energy of the light source occurs as well as to correctly establish the reference value reliably even when the base density of the film varies.

Abstract: A film image registration system includes a film reader for optically reading a front surface of a film set therein to obtain a film image. A film illumination device emits light to illuminate the film from a back surface of the film. The quantity of light emitted by the film illumination device is controlled according to a given command. The film image is received and formed into an image data file which is stored in a mass data storage.

Abstract: A method and apparatus performs detection of an edge and detection of holes or other data patterns on a tape or other magnetic or optical medium. An array of photodetectors in an integrated circuit chip senses the intensity of light illuminating the chip with the tape running between a light source and the photodetectors. The holes or the other data patterns are sensed on the tape based on a comparison between detected light intensities with a programmable reference level. In addition, areas which may normally be sensed as a hole are discarded if these areas fall within a specified tolerance.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for analyzing tracking errors in magnetic tape. The apparatus and method allow for distinguishing between those errors in track configuration due to rotational errors (i.e., errors deriving from rotation of the head wheel of a recording and/or reading machine) and errors in track configuration due to other sources of error. An apparatus useful to practice the method holds a magnetic tape in a condition useful for examining the magnetic tape to measure the configuration of recorded tracks on the recording surface of the tape. The apparatus includes means for applying and maintaining a selected tension to the longitudinal and cross-web axes of the tape, a planar measuring surface having X and Y measuring scales allowing for measurement of distances between selected points on the recording surface of the tape, and a microscope or other sensing device for examining the recording surface.

Abstract: Computer controlled numbering of consecutive business forms is provided for both computer controlled presses and in the form of a retrofit unit for conventional rotary presses. The retrofit unit includes a disk provided with radially oriented metallic strips of predetermined locations on the disk, and mounted on a suitable shaft of the press. The disk cooperates with a stationary transducer mounted, for example, on a stationary press wall to send signals to the control unit to fire the printer.

Abstract: An information retrieval apparatus used in a microfilm reader, a reader/printer, or the like includes a first illuminator for illuminating information and a mark recorded on an information recording medium, a second illuminator for illuminating the mark, and a detector for detecting the mark illuminated by the second illuminator. The second illuminator includes a solid-state light-emitting element for emitting monochromatic radiation having a wavelength of visible light. A designator designates an optimal position of the detector on the basis of a position of the mark projected on a screen is arranged.

Abstract: A projector and a reflection plate with stripe shaped patterns printed on it are used for projecting the reflection light of the stripe shaped pattern onto a tape. An inspection apparatus for inspecting the crease condition of the tape by analyzing the pitch of the stripe shaped pattern projected onto the tape on a plurality of inspection lines is provided so that the change condition of delicate creases may be detected in a short time.

Abstract: A microfilm retrieval system includes blip marks provided at transversely opposite side portions of selected image frames of an elongated microfilm, a device for detecting the blip marks, counters for counting the number of blip marks in accordance with kinds of blip marks, respectively, a device for determining a specific combination of the kinds of blip marks when two or more kinds of blip marks are provided to selected the image frames, and a controller for controlling the counters such that the blip marks are counted with a unit of count and a reset value corresponding to the specific combination of marks determined by the determining device. The unit of count and the reset value at the time of counting blip marks can be set to desired numerical values, and counting is effected by making a page number or the like provided on a photographed object coincide with a count value, thereby facilitating retrieval.

Abstract: A photointerruptor for use in a light transmission type rotary encoder comprising a photointerruptor main body having a plurality pair of light emitting and light receiving optical fibers resin-molded therein, each pair of the optical fibers being disposed such that their end faces are opposed on both sides of each code pattern formed circumferentially on a pulse scale, the light emitting optical fibers joined by way of an optical branching device into a light input end and the light receiving optical fibers being extended in parallel with each other through the photointerruptor and, an adaptor integrally formed to the photointerruptor main body and through which the light input end of the light emitting optical fibers and the light emitting ends of the light receiving optical fibers are extended and arranged such that they are collectively connected with core wires of a multi-cored transmission optical fiber cable by way of a light connector respectively.

Abstract: An optical information record/read apparatus comprises a light source for emitting light, a converging optical system for converging the emitted light from the light source on the optical record medium so that the converged light is reflected by the optical record medium, and an optical waveguide element having a waveguide layer. A light coupling system is provided for coupling the reflected light from the optical record medium with the waveguide layer so that the light coupled with the waveguide layer is then propagated, as a guided light, within the waveguide layer. At least a part of the light coupling system is integrally formed with the optical waveguide element. A light detecting system for detecting the guided light propagated within the waveguide layer is integrally formed with the optical waveguide element.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical sensor readhead (10) which includes a glass substrate (14) that contains buried ion diffused optical transmission channels (12) for supplying light to and receiving reflected light from optical encoder bands (22) of an optical encoder (20). In the disclosed arrangements, each optical transmission channel (12) is associated with a specific optical encoder band (22) and includes fourteen spaced apart optical waveguides (36) which are located along one edge (18) of the substrate (14) and which are dimensioned and positioned to supply light to and receive light from the associated optical encoder band (22). Located at the oppositely disposed edge (16) of the substrate (14) are input and output optical waveguides (40, 42, and 44), which couple optical energy into and out of the optical transmission channel (12).

Abstract: A U-shaped sensor bracket for use in a magnetic tape cartridge drive is provided with resilient retaining members for holding sensors used in detecting end and beginning of tape holes in a tape and for sensing the condition of write protect apparatus in a tape cartridge.

Abstract: An exposed and developed filmstrip has a longitudinally extending row of image areas and a row of perforations along each longitudinal margin. The image areas and perforations have no fixed positional relationship. The filmstrip is conveyed lengthwise from a scanning station to an operating station. A procedure involving the filmstrip is performed at the operating station when an image area is present at such station. To establish the arrival of an image area at the operating station, the filmstrip is photoelectrically scanned at the scanning station to locate the leading edge of the image area. The leading edge is conveyed from a preselected location, which may or may not be the scanning station, to the oeprating station along a path of fixed length. The length of the path is expressed in terms of the spacing between neighboring perforations of a row and the arrival of the leading edge at the operating station is established by counting perforations as the filmstrip travels.

Abstract: A joint inspection apparatus comprises a light irradiating device for irradiating light to a tape joint at which two tape edge portions are joined together, and a light receiving device for receiving the light irradiated by the light irradiating device to the tape joint and passing through the tape joint or reflected by the tape joint. A judgment device is provided for judging the presence or absence of an overlap of the two tape edge portions one upon the other at the tape joint on the basis of information on the optical amount of the light received by the light receiving device in the vicinity of the tape joint.

Abstract: A method for inspecting a tape splice for defects in which the splice region between two sheets is irradiated with a light beam, the tapes are longitudinally conveyed relative to the light beam, a one-dimensional light detector means receives the portion of the light beam transmitted or reflected by a linear region of the sheets inclined at a prescribed angle to the transverse direction of the sheets, and the presence/absence of a splice defect is discriminated from change or lack of change in the quantity of light received by the light detector means; and an apparatus for carrying out this method.

Abstract: A joint inspection apparatus comprises a light irradiating device for irradiating light to a tape joint at which two tape edge portions are joined together, and a light receiving device for receiving the light irradiated by the light irradiating device to the tape joint and passing through the tape joint or reflected by the tape joint. A judgment device is provided for judging the size of a gap between the two tape edge portions at the tape joint on the basis of information on the optical amount of the light received by the light receiving device in the vicinity of the tape joint.

Abstract: A method of detecting a frame edge of a film by a first group of light-receiving element arrays and a second group of light-receiving element arrays, each of the groups being composed of at least one array of light-receiving elements disposed perpendicular to the advancing direction of the film in such a manner as to be parallel with each other. The presence of a frame edge is preliminarily detected by the first group of light-receiving element arrays, and the position of the frame edge is precision-detected by the second group of light-receiving element arrays. Accordingly, since the precision detetction is effected after preliminary detection, the range of precision detection can be narrowed, thereby shortening the detection time.

Abstract: An optical system is described, for example a radiation source unit (10) supplying a collimated radiation beam (RB), comprising a tubular holder (30) a radiation source (33) arranged in the holder and an optical system having a collimator lens (37). The displacement of the focus of the optical system caused by the variation in length of the holder occurring at a varying temperature can be compensated by a suitable choice of notably the geometry (R.sub.1, D.sub.1) and the refractive index (n.sub.1) of the collimator lens.

Abstract: Coding systems utilizing machine-readable coding are disclosed. The coding systems are extremely simple to use and preferred embodiments of the machine-readable coding require no external reference or reference code or starting point or orientation for reading or decoding. The number of usable codes for any given number of code elements (bits or digits) is maximized, or, conversely, a minimum number of code elements is required for a given application, thus allowing each code element to be of maximum size for a given coding area. Also, methods and apparatus for encoding objects, and for reading, decoding, processing and using the information obtained from such encoded objects are disclosed. The coding may be applied to objects such as casino chips, currency, automated production line components, consumer products, household items, zip coded objects, etc.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for optically detecting information from a recording medium in which pits are formed by thermal energy of a light spot to record the information. A reproduction spot is irradiated onto the recording medium to produce a detection signal. From a differential signal of the detection signal, a signal indicative of zero points of the differential signal and a signal indicative of the presence of the pits are detected, and both the signals are used to detect positions of the pits. For stable and accurate detection of the pit position, the relation between pit size W and reproduction spot size W.sub.s is prescribed and the pit size and reproduction spot size are so set as to satisfy 0.45.ltoreq.W/W.sub.s .ltoreq.0.75.

Abstract: Information stored in a medium as multiple machine readable record entries arranged in frames which are themselves arranged in one or more channels may be read by observing each frame in turn with a substantially known array of detector elements, each having a limited field of observation, producing a set of observed values for each frame. Modified values, indicative of the record entries of the frame, may be generated utilizing both the limitations on the range of the possible values of the record entries and predetermined manipulations of the observed values. As a result, any fractional misregistration between the record entries and the detector elements may be corrected. Position markers may be employed to determine where reading should occur. To distinguish local faults in the position markers, the markers may be observed in turn and values indicating marker position may be stored for a predetermined number of preceding markers.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting optical marks on a film support moved relative to the apparatus includes a light source and light detector for detecting optical marks on the film support, the light detector having at least one photoresponsive sensor arranged in fixed manner over the film track, the sensor having a number of photoresponsive elements arranged at right angles with respect to the direction of motion of the film track and which, without intermediate optics, are in the immediate vicinity of the film support. Part of the photoresponsive elements can be used for scanning the image marks or blips and another part for scanning the document parts or other black/white values in the document area of the film.

Abstract: Disclosed is a mark detection apparatus for a microfilm having marks which are recorded adjacent to respective frames and are classified into a few groups with different sizes. The apparatus detects widths of the marks, determines a threshold level from detected widths of the marks and controls counting of the marks by size through the use of the threshold level.

Abstract: A motion picture film flaw detection system wherein a single inspection location is employed at which sound track side edge defects, sprocket hole side edge defects, thickness variations, and defective sprocket holes are analyzed by optical sensors so that no physical contact on the film by feeler arms or the like occurs. Film wear such as by scratching and rubbing is reduced since minimal contact occurs with a surface of the film as it travels through the system. The sprocket holes are analyzed by optics which provide a real image on a projection plane at which location excessive elongation of the sprocket holes is checked. Detection circuits are provided connecting to the optical sensors which derive a reference which automatically tracks averaged or weighted overall signal levels for comparison to signal variations caused by film thickness changes or film flaws. Accordingly, variations in optical system performance are automatically compensated for.

Abstract: A mark detecting apparatus for detecting marks provided on a recording medium has a photoelectric converting device for receiving a light from the base and marks on the recording medium, a first setting device for setting a first predetermined reference value, a second setting device for setting a second reference value corresponding to the output of the photoelectric converting device, and a detecting device for selecting one of the first reference value and the second reference value and comparing the selected reference value with the output of the photoelectric converting device to thereby detect the presence or absence of the marks.

Abstract: A device for detecting the terminal of a web such as an ink ribbon which is accommodated in a cassette, in which a hollow winding core on which the web is wound is formed of a transparent material. Into this winding core, a hollow fixed shaft having a void portion at a portion thereof is inserted so that the winding core is rotatable. A light emitting section and a light receiving section are positioned within the hollow fixed shaft and light is radiated through the void portion towards the winding core. The terminal of the web is connected to a light reflecting member, and the other end of the light reflecting member is fixed to the winding core, and the light reflecting member is wound upon the winding core more than one winding. As long as the web is wound on the winding core, the light from the light emitting section is reflected from the light reflecting member and the light receiving section receives the reflected light.

Abstract: A mark detecting apparatus for a micro-roll film including one photoelectric element for detecting marks of different sizes provided on one edge portion of a micro-roll film for respective frames of the film, a pulse generating unit which generates pulses by radial slits formed in a disc adapted to be driven for rotation by contacting the micro-roll film, and a mark size judging circuit which counts the pulses produced from the pulse generating unit during the photoelectric element for the mark is detecting the mark of the film for judging the size of the mark by the counted value.

Abstract: An optical end-of-tape detection device comprises a photodiode and a phototransistor. In order to distinguish the light emitted by the photodiode from the ambient light, the photodiode is operated in a pulsating fashion. Moreover, the low-frequency component of the photo current supplied by the photo-transistor is suppressed by negative current feedback.

Abstract: The present invention provides a retrieving apparatus for retrieving desired information contained in a film making use of retrieval marks recorded on the film. The retrieving apparatus is useful for many different types of films having retrieval marks recorded in different marking modes. The retrieving apparatus comprises mark detector exchangeable according to the marking mode, a device for generating a coded signal corresponding to the exchange of mark detector and a display for making a display of the type of film usable in the apparatus in the present state of exchange of mark detector in response to the coded signal.

Abstract: Spot-focus of a write or read beam upon a flexible optical disc, which is rotated with its neutral plane highly stabilized in space, is maintained precisely by moving the write or read beam source (e.g. a laser diode) in response to focus error signals.

Abstract: An optical memory playback apparatus is constructed so that a single longitudinal mode of laser beam emitted from a self-coupling semiconductor laser element is projected through an optical system onto an information recording medium and the laser beam reflected by the information recording medium is returned through the same optical system back to the semiconductor laser element. In addition, the apparatus interposes a spatially uneven phase plate in the optical system, whereby the longitudinal mode of emission of the semiconductor laser element is converted into a random multi-mode at all times and, consequently, the reproduction of information from the information recording medium is effected by detecting the variation in the intensity of output or terminal voltage of the semiconductor laser element which occurs in conformity with the variation in the intensity of the reflected laser beam.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of stopping a film containing a plural number of frames having images recorded thereon. First and second detectors each having at least one photo-electric transducer element are arranged along the feed path of the film. The first and second detectors are disposed in such a manner that when the first detector receives the light from the frame, the second detector receives the light from the blank portion (non-image portion) between frames. A signal is produced only when the first detector detects a desired frame and the second detector detects the blank portion at the same time during the feeding of the film. After the generation of the signal, the film is further advanced in a determined direction by a determined length of the film and then the film feeding is stopped to stop the desired frame in the film at a determined position.

Abstract: An end-of-ribbon sensing system which is equally compatible with various arrangements of light emitters and light detectors as utilized in different models of serial impact printers, the sensing system including a unique compound reflector, having a first reflective portion for use in cooperation with one sensing device and having a second reflective portion for use in cooperation with another sensing device. A clear transparent tape segment located near the end of the ribbon is provided to allow light to pass from a light source on the sensors to the reflective portions and back to a photodetector on the sensors.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining the height of liquid in a storage tank comprising: an instrument shaft capable of being associated with the shaft of the tank level gage; a first disc rotatable in response to the rotation of the instrument shaft; a second disc rotatable in response to the rotation of the first disc; first and second signal emitters associated with the first and second discs, respectively; and first and second signal receivers associated with the first and second signal emitters, respectively. A different, distinct pattern of signals is received by each of the receivers for each radial increment of disc as each disc rotates. The patterns of signals received by the first and second receivers are translatable into the height of liquid in the tank.

Abstract: A system is disclosed which will detect flaws in spliced connections between two adjacent strips of film that are connected together by a splice. The system can, in various embodiments, detect not only a mis-positioning of the splice with respect to the strips, but can also detect whether or not the gap between the strip is too large and whether or not one of the corners of either strip is defectively formed. Additionally, the system can detect a defect arising from the folding over of one of the strips and the installation of a splice on the folded-over portion. The system utilizes radiation sources on one side of the film and radiation detectors on the other side of the film. These sources and detectors are so positioned as to be able to distinguish between the presence of a splice and the absence of a splice, and can also distinguish between the presence of a gap between two adjacent strips and can measure the gap width.

Abstract: A light emitting source and a light sensing device are permanently fixed on one side of a moving object substantially separated one from the other. The light rays from the source are bent or reflected in a predetermined path so that the light rays to be sensed passes through at least two holes in said moving object before being sensed, thus enhancing the light to dark ratio and reducing the probability of false readings.

Abstract: A fiber optic encoding device capable of long term reliable operation in hostile environments is disclosed. Various construction details which contribute to a compact device with high mechanical reliability are discussed. An encoder formed to a cylindrical geometry including a correspondingly shaped code plate is shown in detail. The code plate has a multiplicity of apertures arranged in rows to produce an encoded position signal of the type suitable for use in digital intelligence processing equipment.

Abstract: A system for optically detecting the presence of indicating markers on microfilm frames and for ignoring stray marks and smudges. As light shines through the microfilm and is detected by a photo-transistor, the system self regulates to provide an absolute baseline value, called a prescaler, for each frame of microfilm. Then, as each mark appears on the microfilm and interrupts the light path to the photo-transistor, the degree or extent of light blockage is measured as a deviation from the baseline for that frame. If the deviation exceeds a predetermined threshold, the mark is counted as a marker; otherwise the mark is ignored as a stray spot or smudge. The threshold is also self regulated based on a percentage of the amount that the light blockage of the marker in the immediately preceding frame deviated from the baseline for that frame.

Abstract: Frame detection circuitry for sensing frame sensing marks on a microfilm uses first and second photoelectric convertors respectively responsive to the light transmitted from the frame sensing mark and from light transmitted by a light emitter to generate respective first and second output signals, whereby the light emission received by the second photoelectric convertor is unaffected by movement of the microfilm such that the second output signal is a reference level signal. The first and second output signals are compared to generate a control signal representing the sensing of a frame when the first output signal exceeds the second output signal. A circuit may be used to filter the noise detected by the second photoelectric convertor.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical memory playback apparatus using an electroluminescent semiconductor element as a combination light source and sensor, which apparatus permits information in an information storage medium to be reproduced in the form of variation in electrical characteristics of the semiconductor element by causing a beam of light issuing from the electroluminescent semiconductor element to be directed to the information storage medium, allowing the light reflected by the information storage medium to impinge on the semiconductor element for thereby inducing variation in the optical and electrical characteristics of the semiconductor element owing to the self-coupling effect.