Abstract: A gas sensor (1) which can be an air-fuel ratio sensor includes a detection element (71) including a pair of electrodes, one of the paired electrodes being a sensing electrode (87) which is exposed to a gas-to-be-measured, and the other electrode being a reference electrode (95) which functions as an oxygen reference electrode. In the gas sensor (1), the reference electrode (95) is connected to a porous reference electrode lead (97) extending along the surface of a solid electrolyte body (77); the reference electrode lead (97) contains a noble metal as a main component and also contains a ceramic material; and the reference electrode lead (97) has a specific resistance lower than that of the reference electrode (95). The ceramic material has, in a sintered state, a mean primary grain size greater than that of the noble metal.

Abstract: A process including selecting a printing system; selecting an ink composition having ink properties that match the printing system; depositing the ink composition onto a substrate to form an image, to form deposited features, or a combination thereof; optionally, heating the deposited features to form conductive features on the substrate; and performing a post-printing treatment after depositing the ink composition.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical formulations comprising nanoparticles of melatonin are useful for the treatment of neonatal brain injury.

Abstract: An ink composition for making a conductive silver structure comprises a silver salt and a complex of (a) a complexing agent and a short chain carboxylic acid or (b) a complexing agent and a salt of a short chain carboxylic acid, according to one embodiment. A method for making a silver structure entails combining a silver salt and a complexing agent, and then adding a short chain carboxylic acid or a salt of the short chain carboxylic acid to the combined silver salt and a complexing agent to form an ink composition. A concentration of the complexing agent in the ink composition is reduced to form a concentrated formulation, and the silver salt is reduced to form a conductive silver structure, where the concentrated formulation and the conductive silver structure are formed at a temperature of about 120° C. or less.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a thick-film electrode comprising steps of: (a) applying a conductive paste onto a substrate comprising, (i) 100 parts by weight of a conductive powder, wherein the conductive powder is 16 to 49 weight percent based on the weight of the conductive paste; (ii) 0.5 to 10 parts by weight of a metal additive comprising bismuth (Bi); (iii) 1 to 25 parts by weight of a glass frit; and (iv) 50 to 300 parts by weight of an organic medium; and (b) firing the applied conductive paste to form the thick-film electrode, wherein thickness of the thick-film electrode is 0.5 to 15 ?m.

Abstract: This invention pertains to mixtures and methods that can be used to produce materials comprising an electrically and/or thermally conductive coating as well as compositions that are materials that possess an electrically and/or thermally conductive coating. The mixtures and methods can be used to fabricate transparent conductive films and other transparent conductive materials.

Abstract: To provide a bonding composition where high joint strength can be obtained due to joining at a comparatively low temperature and under a pressureless condition, and, that is also equipped with thermal resistance that is difficult to cause a reduction of joint strength due to decomposition, deterioration and/or the like of a resin component at the time of an increase of an operating temperature, and to provide a bonding composition particularly containing metallic particles.

Abstract: Provided is a paste composition for front electrode of a solar cell. The paste composition includes conductive power, an organic vehicle, a glass frit, and an additive. The additive includes at least one material selected from the group consisting of Zn, Sb, V, W, Cr, Cd, Re, Sn, Mo, Mn, Ni, Co, Cu, and metal oxide including one of the foregoing materials.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment of the present invention relates to a conductive metal ink composition comprising a conductive metal powder; a non-aqueous solvent; an organo phosphate compound; and a polymer coating property improving agent, and a method for forming a conductive pattern by using the conductive metal ink composition.

Abstract: There is provided a dielectric composition for low-temperature sintering including BaTiO3 as a main ingredient, and xB2O3-(1-x)BaO as an accessory ingredient, wherein x ranges from 0.25 to 0.8, and the content of the accessory ingredient ranges from 0.1 to 2.00 mol %, based on 100 mol % of the main ingredient.

Abstract: The present invention uses a silver/silver chloride composition and ink jet technology in the art of digital printing, especially for use in blood glucose sensors.

Abstract: A method of forming a bonded product using metal nanoparticles is provided. More specifically, provided is a paste containing a flux component that can form a metal phase even in an inert atmosphere. The use of this paste allows a bonding material that can give a practically acceptable bonding strength to be provided in an inert atmosphere such as a nitrogen atmosphere at low temperatures without performing conventionally used pressurization. The paste is a bonding material configured to include: silver nanoparticles having an average primary particle diameter of 1 to 200 nm and coated with an organic material having 8 or less carbon atoms; a flux component having at least two carboxyl groups; and a dispersion medium. The use of this bonding material allows materials to be bonded even at a temperature of 300° C. or lower.

Abstract: By connecting together connecting electrodes having an organic film serving as an oxidation-preventing film using a conductive adhesive, the manufacturing process can be simplified, and a highly reliable connection structure can be constructed at low cost. An electrode connection method, in which a first connecting electrode 2 and a second connecting electrode 10 are connected together through a conductive adhesive 9 that is interposed between the electrodes, includes an organic film formation step in which an organic film 6 is formed on at least a surface of the first connecting electrode, and an electrode connection step in which the first connecting electrode and the second connecting electrode are connected together through the conductive adhesive. In the electrode connection step, by allowing an organic film decomposing component mixed in the conductive adhesive to act on the organic film, the organic film is decomposed, and thus connection between the connecting electrodes is performed.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an electric wiring layer including an electric wiring includes obtaining a pressed powder molded layer by pressurizing a powder including a metal particle with an insulating layer, the metal particle being constituted by a metal particle having conductivity and a surface insulating layer which is located on a surface of the metal particle and which mainly contains a glass material; and irradiating the pressed powder molded layer with energy rays and forming the electric wiring in an irradiation region.

Abstract: Formulations and methods of making solar cells are disclosed. In general, the invention presents a solar cell contact made from a mixture wherein the mixture comprises a solids portion and an organics portion, wherein the solids portion comprises from about 85 to about 99 wt % of a metal component, and from about 1 to about 15 wt % of a lead-free glass component. Both front contacts and back contacts arc disclosed.

Abstract: In an embodiment, there is a method of preparing a conductive ink formulation. The method can include dissolving a stabilizer in a first solvent, adding a reducing agent to the first solvent, adding a metal salt to the first solvent and forming a slurry by precipitating stabilized metal nanoparticles in the first solvent. The method can also include forming a wet cake of the stabilized metal nanoparticles and adding the wet cake to a second solvent. The second solvent can include at least one of a polyvinyl alcohol derivative. The wet cake may not be actively dried prior to being added to the second solvent.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing silver nanowire. The method includes: providing a first solution and a second solution; mixing the first solution and the second solution to obtain a third solution including a plurality of silver nanowires; and performing a purification procedure on the third solution to obtain the silver nanowires. Particularly, the first solution includes a capping agent dispersed in a first alcohol solvent, and the second solution includes a silver salt and a metal precursor dispersed in a second alcohol solvent, wherein the metal precursor has a formula: MXn or MXn.m(H2O) wherein M is Cu2+, Sn4+, or Ni2+, X is Cl?, Br?, I?, SCN?, SO42?, NO3?, or C2O42?, n is 1-4, m is 1-6, and M has a valence equal to the absolute value of the product of n and a valence of X.

Abstract: An integrated assembly is provided for installation on a housing for electronic components. The integrated assembly includes a shielded window and a bezel overmolded onto the shielded window in an injection molding process. Since both the shielded window and the bezel have EMI resistant properties, the assembly represents an efficient method for providing high quality EMI shielding while eliminating the use of costly parts and assembly procedures.

Abstract: A printing paste composition includes a metallic particle of 50 to 90 parts by weight, a binder resin of 2 to 20 parts by weight, a solvent of 2 to 50 parts by weight having a boiling point of 250° C. or more and a swelling property of 5 or less, and a glass frit of 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, and the solvent is tetraglyme or pentaglyme.

Abstract: Polymer binders, e.g., crosslinked polymer binders, have been found to be an effective film component in creating high quality transparent electrically conductive coatings or films comprising metal nanostructured networks. The metal nanowire films can be effectively patterned and the patterning can be performed with a high degree of optical similarity between the distinct patterned regions. Metal nanostructured networks are formed through the fusing of the metal nanowires to form conductive networks. Methods for patterning include, for example, using crosslinking radiation to pattern crosslinking of the polymer binder. The application of a fusing solution to the patterned film can result in low resistance areas and electrically resistive areas. After fusing the network can provide desirable low sheet resistances while maintaining good optical transparency and low haze. A polymer overcoat can further stabilize conductive films and provide desirable optical effects.

Abstract: A conductive paste may include a conductive component and an organic vehicle. The conductive component may include an amorphous metal. The amorphous metal may have a lower resistivity after a crystallization process than before the crystallization process, and at least one of a weight gain of about 4 mg/cm2 or less and a thickness increase of about 30 ?m or less after being heated in a process furnace at a firing temperature.

Abstract: A lead-free conductive paste composition contains a source of an electrically conductive metal, a fusible material, an optional additive, and an organic vehicle. An article such as a high-efficiency photovoltaic cell is formed by a process of deposition of the lead-free paste composition on a semiconductor substrate (e.g., by screen printing) and firing the paste to remove the organic vehicle and sinter the metal and fusible material.

Abstract: According to example embodiments, a conductive paste includes a conductive component that contains a conductive powder and a titanium (Ti)-based metallic glass. The titanium-based metallic glass has a supercooled liquid region of about 5K or more, a resistivity after crystallization that is less than a resistivity before crystallization by about 50% or more, and a weight increase by about 0.5 mg/cm2 or less after being heated in a process furnace at a firing temperature. According to example embodiments, an electronic device and a solar cell may include at least one electrode formed using the conductive paste according to example embodiments.

Abstract: Electrically conductive or semiconducting additives are embedded into surfaces of host materials for use in a variety of applications and devices. Resulting surface-embedded structures exhibit improved performance, as well as cost benefits arising from their compositions and manufacturing processes.

Abstract: Disclosed are polymer resins, including polymer resin sheets, having good electroconductivity and a method for manufacturing the same. The polymer resins exhibit flexibility and show electroconductivity on their surface as well as along their thickness, and thus can be used as electromagnetic wave-shielding materials having impact- and vibration-absorbing properties as well as conductivity.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a polymer thick film conductor composition. The polymer thick film (PTF) conductor composition may be used in applications where significant stretching is required, particularly on highly permeable substrates. A particular type of substrate which is suitable is a woven polyester coated with polyamide. An electrical circuit containing a conductor formed from the composition and a process to make such a circuit are provided.

Abstract: A wet-chemical method of producing a black silicon substrate. The method comprising soaking single crystalline silicon wafers in a predetermined volume of a diluted inorganic compound solution. The substrate is combined with an etchant solution that forms a uniform noble metal nanoparticle induced Black Etch of the silicon wafer, resulting in a nanoparticle that is kinetically stabilized. The method comprising combining with an etchant solution having equal volumes acetonitrile/acetic acid:hydrofluoric acid:hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: A layered compound-metal particle composite 3 is obtained by the addition, to an organically modified layered compound 1 formed by the intercalation of organic ions between layers of a layered compound, of both an aqueous colloidal metal solution 2 in which metal particles are dispersed as a metal colloid in water, and a nonaqueous solvent which is a poor solvent for the metal colloid and has an excellent ability to swell the organically modified layered compound 1.

Abstract: The present invention provides a noble metal fine particle with a protein adsorbed thereon, including a noble metal fine particle, and a protein adsorbed on a surface of the noble metal fine particle. The protein has an isoelectric point in a range of pH 4.0 to 7.5. An amount of the protein adsorbed is in a range of 3 to 55.1 wt % with respect to a total weight of the noble metal fine particle and the protein. The noble metal fine particle with a protein adsorbed thereon according to the present invention has excellent redispersibility.

Abstract: The application relates to a method of producing an electrostatic ink composition, the method comprising: mixing a resin and a conductive pigment in a continuous mixer to form a compounded mixture comprising particles comprising the resin and the pigment; adding a liquid carrier to the compounded mixture, such that the particles comprising the resin and the conductive pigment are dispersed in the liquid carrier; and, before, during or after adding the liquid carrier to the compounded mixture: imparting a charge on the particles comprising the resin and the pigment.

Abstract: The invention relates to an adhesive film comprising a layer of an adhesive compound as well as conductive particles that are added to the adhesive compound, characterized in that a portion of the conductive particles are fibrous and a portion of the particles are in the form of dendritic structures.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a glass frit and a composition for solar cell electrodes including the same. The glass frit includes lead oxide (PbO) and boron oxide (B2O3) in a weight ratio of lead oxide to boron oxide of about 1:0.075 to about 1:1, wherein a mixture of the glass frit and aluminum (Al) powder in a weight ratio of about 1:1 exhibits a phase transition peak in the range of about 400° C. to about 650° C. on a cooling curve obtained via TG-DTA analysis, measured after heating the mixture to 900° C. at a heating rate of 20° C./min, holding for ten minutes, followed by cooling the mixture at a cooling rate of 10° C. The composition can provide stable efficiency given varying surface resistance and minimize adverse influence on a p-n junction.

Abstract: A patterned transparent conductor includes: (1) a substrate; (2) first additives at least partially embedded into a surface of the substrate within a first area of the surface corresponding to a lower sheet resistance portion; and (3) second additives at least partially embedded into the surface of the substrate within a second area of the surface corresponding to a higher sheet resistance portion. A sheet resistance of the higher sheet resistance portion is at least 100 times a sheet resistance of the lower sheet resistance portion.

Abstract: Methods of producing nanowires and resulting nanowires are described. In one implementation, a method of producing nanowires includes irradiating (i) a metal-containing reagent; (ii) a templating agent; (iii) a reducing agent; and (iv) a seed-promoting agent (SPA) in a reaction medium and under a condition of an elevated pressure above atmospheric pressure to produce nanowires.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a conductive fine particle for producing a metal paste that can produce an electrode film having a low resistance, and a metal paste utilizing the conductive fine particle. The present invention is a conductive particle for electrode formation having a core/shell structure, and the conductive particle comprises a core particle made of Pt or a Pt alloy and having a particle diameter of 10 to 200 nm, and a shell made of a ceramic containing Al2O3 or ZrO2 and covers at least a part of the core particle, wherein the ceramic constituting the shell is added in an amount of 0.5 to 15% by weight based on the core particle to cover the core. The core particle is preferably Pt or a Pt alloy alloyed with Pd, Au, Ag, or Rh.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a fiber-containing dispersion includes obtaining a crude dispersion 20 containing fibers 10 and removing foreign substances by passing the crude dispersion 20 through a filter medium 40. The filter medium 40 is constituted with a plate material having a plurality of opening portions 42 through which the crude dispersion 20 is passed and non-opening portions 44 which partition the plurality of opening portions 42 from one another. The filter medium 40 satisfies the following relational expressions. ½ of average major-axis length of fibers?Minor-axis width of opening portions 42?5 times the average major-axis length of fibers 10??(1) Minimum width of non-opening portions 44?Average major-axis length of fibers 10??(2) Aperture ratio of filter medium 40?0.9%.

Abstract: The present invention provides a conductive paste characterized by a crystal-based corrosion binder being combined with a glass frit and mixed with a metallic powder and an organic carrier. Methods for preparing each components of the conductive paste are disclosed including several embodiments of prepare Pb—Te—O-based crystal corrosion binder characterized by melting temperatures in a range of 440° C. to 760° C. and substantially free of any glass softening transition upon increasing temperature. Method for preparing the conductive paste includes mixture of the components and a grinding process to ensure all particle sizes in a range of 0.1 to 5.0 microns. Method of applying the conductive paste for the formation of a front electrode of a semiconductor device is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the crystal-based corrosion binder in transforming the conductive paste to a metallic electrode with good ohmic contact with semiconductor surface.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a polymer thick film conductive composition comprising (a) a conductive silver-coated copper powder; and (b) an organic medium comprising two different resins and organic solvent, wherein the ratio of the weight of the conductive silver-coated copper powder to the total weight of the two different resins is between 5:1 and 45:1. The invention is further directed to a method of electrode grid and/or bus bar formation on thin-film photovoltaic cells using the composition and to cells formed from the method and the composition.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an electroconductive silver thick film paste composition comprising Ag, a glass frit and rhodium resinate, Cr2O3 or a mixture thereof all dispersed in an organic medium. The present invention is further directed to an electrode formed from the paste composition and a semiconductor device and, in particular, a solar cell comprising such an electrode. The paste is particularly useful for forming a tabbing electrode.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for decoration of silver onto carbon materials, comprising the following steps: functionalizing a first carbon material and a second material; mixing the functionalized first and second carbon materials into a first mixed solution through an alcohol solution; and mixing a silver solution and the first mixed solution into a second mixed solution.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a conductive paste for solar cell, including the following composition: silver particle and two glass frits. A glass frit (I) comprises bismuth oxide, tellurium oxide, tungsten oxide, silicon oxide, and zinc oxide; and a glass frit (II) comprises lead oxide, tellurium oxide, and zinc oxide. The conductive paste is utilized to form the electrode of the substrate for solar cell to enhance the performance of Ohmic contact, fill factor and conversion efficiency of the solar cell, after sintering.

Abstract: Provided are: a conductive paste in which sinterability of silver particles the conductive paste can be easily controlled by using silver particles having predetermined crystal transformation characteristics defined by an XRD analysis, and after a sintering treatment, excellent electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity can be stably obtained; and a die bonding method using the conductive paste. Disclosed is a conductive paste which includes silver particles having a volume average particle size of 0.1 to 30 ?m as a sinterable conductive material, and a dispersing medium for making a paste-like form, and in which when the integrated intensity of the peak at 2?=38°±0.2° in the X-ray diffraction chart obtainable by an XRD analysis before a sintering treatment of the silver particles is designated as S1, and the integrated intensity of the peak at 2?=38°±0.2° in the X-ray diffraction chart obtainable by an XRD analysis after a sintering treatment (250° C.

Abstract: A transparent conductor, a method for preparing the same, and an optical display including the same, the transparent conductor including a base layer; and a conductive layer on the base layer, the conductive layer including metal nanowires and a matrix, wherein the transparent conductor has a transmissive b* value of about 1.5 or less, and the matrix is prepared from a matrix composition including a tri-functional monomer and one of a penta-functional monomer or a hexa-functional monomer a base layer; and a conductive layer formed on the base layer and including metal nanowires and a matrix, wherein the transparent conductor has a transmissive b* value of about 1.5 or less, and the matrix is formed of a composition including a penta- or hexa-functional monomer and a tri-functional monomer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polymer composite materials, more particularly relates to composite materials with tailor made surface electrical resistivities in the range of 109 to 10?1 ?/sq. and process of making the same. The process for preparing Fiber Reinforced Polymeric (FRP) Composite, said process comprising acts of homogeneously mixing 1-30% by weight of different electrically conducting fillers in matrix resin system to obtain resin mix; wetting dry preforms using the resin mix; compacting the wetted preforms to obtain green composite; curing the green composite; and post-curing the cured composite to prepare the FRP Composite.

Abstract: A transparent conductor includes a base layer, and a conductive layer on an upper surface of the base layer. The conductive layer includes metal nanowires and a matrix. The transparent conductor has a reflective a* value of about ?0.3 to about +0.3 and a reflective b* value of about ?2 to about 0. The transparent conductor exhibits good optical properties and prevents (or reduces) visibility of the etching pattern of the conductive layer.

Abstract: A composition for solar cell electrodes, an electrode fabricated using the same, and a solar cell including the electrode, the composition including a conductive powder; a glass frit; and an organic vehicle, wherein the conductive powder includes silver powder and aluminum powder, the silver powder includes silver particles having an average particle size D50 of 1.5 ?m or more in an amount of 50 wt % or more, based on a total weight of the silver powder.

Abstract: Electrically conductive powder includes polyhedral large particles and flakey small particles. The aspect ratio of the small particles is not less than 3 and is at least 1.3 times greater than that of the large particles. The electrically conductive powder is surface treated with a fatty acid. The electrically conductive powder has good contact among the polyhedral large particles and the flakey small particles. An electrically conductive paste of the electrically conductive powder achieves excellent electrical and thermal conductivities because the particles are in contact not at points but through surfaces. The electrically conductive paste is capable of filling via-holes in a satisfactory manner.

Abstract: It is described a method for the production of a fully or partially reflective stretchable and deformable optical element, comprising the implantation in at least one surface of an elastomeric support, by a technique of “Cluster Beam Implantation”, of neutral nanoclusters of a material selected among one or more metals, their alloys, their oxides or mixtures thereof, thus obtaining in said support a nanocomposite layer, possibly emerging at the surface of said element, and said implantation taking place by: uniformly implanting said nanoclusters in a surface of said elastomeric support, wherein said surface has a molded profile essentially corresponding to the profile of the optical element to be produced; or selectively implanting said nanoclusters in a flat surface of said elastomeric support; or uniformly implanting a first layer of said nanoclusters in a surface of said elastomeric support, and then selectively implanting a second layer of said nanoclusters onto the first nanoclusters layer thus obtain

Abstract: Provided is an electroconductive composition which not only shows excellent adhesion to a substrate and can easily form a smooth film, but also is applicable to the formation of a fine-pitched circuit and the like and capable of providing high electroconductivity even when dried at a relatively low temperature. The electroconductive composition comprises (A) a crystalline flake silver powder and (B) an organic binder, wherein the blending ratio of the (A) crystalline flake silver powder is 90% by mass to 98% by mass with respect the total solid content of the composition. In a preferred embodiment, the (A) crystalline flake silver powder contains polygonal single particles and has an average particle size (D50), which is determined by a laser diffraction-scattering particle size distribution analysis, of 1 ?m to 3 ?m.

Abstract: A thermosetting conductive silicone composition comprises an organopolysiloxane having at least one structure represented by the following formula (1), wherein m is either of 0, 1 or 2; R1 represents a hydrogen atom, a phenyl group or a halogenated phenyl group; R2 represents a hydrogen atom or methyl group; R3s may be the same or different from each other and each represents a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent organic group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms; Z1 represents either of —R4—, —R4—O— or —R4(CH3)2Si—O— where R4s may be the same or different from each other and each represents a substituted or unsubstituted divalent organic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; and Z2s represent an oxygen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted divalent organic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may be the same or different from each other; an organic peroxide; and conductive particles.