Abstract: Flame retardant latex bases having an excellent balance of properties are prepared most efficiently and economically by blending together two separately polymerized latexes of different types, the polymeric content of one of said latexes being formed predominantly from a monomer mixture consisting of from about 70 to about 92% by weight vinylidene chloride and 8 to 30% by weight of certain polar comonomers principally of the lower alkyl acrylate class while the polymeric content of the second latex is formed from a monomer mixture consisting predominantly of styrene and butadiene. This technique of producing the desired flame retardant latex bases by combining two separately prepared but simpler component latexes not only maximizes quality control and manufacturing flexibility but also permits the simultaneous realization of higher conversions and reduced polymerization cycles or residence times so that productivity is also maximized.

Abstract: A unique substantially non-flammable impregnant for polyether-derived polyurethane foam substrates is disclosed. The impregnant is characterized by a carboxylated neoprene latex and an alumina trihydrate. It can be further characterized by a diammonium hydrogen phosphate, urea, a magnesium-zinc complex, a surfactant and water.A method for applying the impregnant to the mentioned substrate is also disclosed. That method is characterized by depositing the impregnant on the substrate, impregnating and curing it, and recovering a substantially non-flammable product. That impregnated polyether-derived polyurethane foam product can be configurated as a laminate and adhered to some other substrate. Articles like mattresses and cushions can be advantageously fabricated using the unique impregnant.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with flame retardant polycarbonate compositions having good mechanical properties and melt stability. These properties are achieved by adding small amounts of a fibril forming polytetrafluoroethylene, and an alkali metal salt of an inorganic acid, and a small amount of aromatically bound chlorine or bromine contained in a compound other than an organic alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt to a thermoplastic aromatic polycarbonate.

Abstract: Reinforced synthetic resin compositions are provided having 25 to 90% by weight of synthetic resin, and the balance (75 to 10% by weight) of reinforcing fillers comprising: (1) 0 to 150 parts by weight of epsom salt, (2) 0 to 150 parts by weight of hydrated borax, and/or (3) 0 to 20 parts by weight of glass spheres, so long as at least one of the two components identified in (1) and (2) are used. The compositions may be used as coatings or for molded articles. They do not require use of aluminum trihydrate, or silica flour particles, or other known fillers having fire retardant properties. Yet, the compositions of the invention are found to possess heretofore unknown properties of fire retardancy, ablation, and smoke absorbency.

Abstract: Bauxites are rendered compatible with polymer compositions employed in the carpet industry. Suitable bauxites, which can be employed as flame-retarding fillers, are characterized by a surface area of less than about 12 m.sup.2 /g, a pH in aqueous suspension of more than about 6.5 and a particle size distribution, wherein less than about 15% by weight of the particles have a size of less than 3 microns. Bauxites having a surface area in the range of about 12-20 m.sup.2 /g can also be rendered compatible by modifying their surfaces with a small but effective amount of modifier selected from inorganic phosphates, silicates, aliphatic and aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acids.

Abstract: A composition for coating the surface of a substrate, particularly structural members, and providing thereon an adherent, fireproof barrier coating including an aqueous dispersion containing vinyl acetate, titanium dioxide, pumice, zinc oxide, sodium silicate, hydrated magnesium aluminum silicate, a comminuted high temperature fluorocarbon resin, a furan resin, comminuted charcoal, and a dispersing agent.

Abstract: A polymer having as a component thereof a moiety corresponding to a monomer having the following formula ##STR1## wherein n=0 or 1, X is bromine, chlorine or a mixture thereof and R represents hydrogen or methyl, a method of preparing the same and the use of such a polymer, including a copolymer thereof in a plastic composition containing a normally flammable plastic.

Abstract: This invention relates to polymer blends having improved hydrolytic stability, moldability and flame retardancy which comprises, in admixture, (1) a linear aromatic polyester prepared from an aromatic dicarboxylic acid and a bisphenol, and (2) polyphenylene sulfide. Desirably these compositions contain as flame retardant a Diels Alder adduct of a halocyclopentadiene and a mono- or di- unsaturated organic component.

Abstract: A process is disclosed in which low energy electrons are used chemically to graft phosphorous or halogen-rich double bonded molecules and the like into natural and synthetic materials to render the same flame retarding.

Abstract: Normally flammable halohydrocarbon polymer compositions containing combustible plasticizer are rendered flame-retardant or self-extinguishing by incorporating therein elemental phosphorus having a specific gravity greater than two.

Abstract: There is provided an intumescent composition comprising a cyclic nitrogen compound, a phosphorus polyol, a phosphorus acid, and water.

Abstract: Compositions for the flameproofing of plastics, said compositions containing from 0.1% to 20% by weight, relative to the plastic, of red phosphorus in the form of particles having a mean diameter less than 200.mu., encapsulated in a polymer which does not have a melting point or softening point below 90.degree. C., and which has a molecular weight greater than 2,000.

Abstract: A resinous composition having fire retardance, impact resistance and easy workability is obtained by blending (1) about 80 to 30 parts by weight of an ABS resin with (2) about 20 to 70 parts by weight of (i) a vinyl chloride resin compound comprising 100 to 5 parts by weight of a copolymer resin consisting essentially of 0.5 to 40% by weight of a higher alkyl vinyl ether and 99.5 to 60% by weight of vinyl chloride and (ii) 0 to 95 parts by weight of a polyvinyl chloride resin.

Abstract: An elastomeric interpolymer, method of preparation and blends thereof, where said interpolymer is comprised of (A) a conjugated diene, (B) a comonomer of selected esters and amides and (C) optionally a termonomer selected from at least one of (1) particular conjugated vinylic monomers and (2) selected alkyl esters. The elastomeric interpolymer is particularly useful for the production of industrial goods, especially when blended with thermoplastic materials.

Abstract: Self-extinguishing and non-dripping thermoplastic compositions are provided which comprise a polyphenylene ether resin, a styrene resin, a halogenated aromatic flame retardant compound, an antimony containing compound, and an additive selected from the group consisting of polyesters, polyethylene, a low molecular weight polystyrene resin, alkyl esters of trimellitic acid, epoxy stearates, epoxy tetrahydrophthalates, a diorganopolysiloxane fluid, alkyl esters of adipic acid, alkyl esters of glycolic acid, dialkyl phthalates and triaryl phosphates.

Abstract: Homopolymers, copolymers and terpolymers of a styrene based monomer are prepared by:(1) polymerizing at least one oxidized styrylphosphine monomer selected from the group of:(C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2 P(O)N.dbd.P(C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.4 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2,(C.sub.6 H.sub.5 O).sub.2 P(O)N.dbd.P(C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.4 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2,(C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2 C.sub.3 N.sub.3 N.dbd.P(C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.4 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 and(C.sub.6 H.sub.5)C.sub.3 N.sub.3 [N.dbd.P(C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.4 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 ].sub.2 ; or(2) polymerizing p-diphenylphosphinestyrene and then oxidizing said polymerized p-diphenylphosphinestyrene monomer with an organoazide selected from the group of (C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2 P(O)N.sub.3,(C.sub.6 H.sub.5 O).sub.2 P(O)N.sub.3,(C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2 C.sub.3 N.sub.3 (N.sub.3) and C.sub.6 H.sub.5 C.sub.3 N.sub.3 (N.sub.3).sub.2.

Abstract: Self-extinguishing polymeric compositions, including a thermoplastic polymer and a flameproof additive whose essential components are:(A) an ammonium phosphate or an amine phosphate;(B) one or more organic compounds capable of providing, by thermal decomposition, uninflammable gaseous products and carbonaceous residues; and(C) an ester of the isocyanuric acid of general formula: ##STR1## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, either like or unlike one another, are linear or ramified alkylene groups having 1 to 6 chain-linked carbon atoms, and Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2, Z.sub.3 are --OH or ##STR2## the (B)/(C) ratio by weight varying from 10:1 to 1:10, and components (A) and (B)+(C) being employed each at the rate of 5 to 30% by weight on the total composition.

Abstract: The present invention concerns flame-resisting paints, in particular, those which can be applied on wood, metals and plastic materials or elastomers. More particularly, it concerns "intumescent paints" endowed with excellent fire-resistance characteristics.

Abstract: An improved flame retardant polycarbonate composition of an aromatic carbonate polymer in admixture with an organic alkali metal salt or an organic alkaline earth metal salt or mixture thereof, which composition has in admixture therewith fibrous glass.

Abstract: A process for preparing an organic phosphorous compound of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.A represents ##STR2## where X.sup.1 is a halogen atom, Y is --CH.sub.2 -- or --CH.sub.2 --C.sub.2 --, andR.sub.1 is H or CH.sub.3 when Y is --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --, or H, CH.sub.3 or C.sub.2 H.sub.5 when Y is --CH.sub.2 --,R.sub.B represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a halogenated alkyl group having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms,R.sub.C represents ##STR3## where X.sup.2 is a halogen atom, Z is --CH.sub.2 --or --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --, andR.sub.2 is H or CH.sub.3 when Z is --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --, or H, CH.sub.3 or C.sub.2 H.sub.5 when Z is --CH.sub.2 --, andR.sub.D represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a halogenated alkyl group having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms,the process including the steps of reacting a cyclic halogenophosphite with a cyclic phosphorous acid and acetone in a molar ratio of 1:1:1, reacting the resulting product with a molecular halogen X.sub.2.sup.

Abstract: An intumescent composition comprising a polymeric binder, a mineral acid catalyst, a source of carbon, and a blowing agent in which the polymeric binder is a solution of a plasticized unsaturated polyester in an unsaturated monomer.

Abstract: A protective covering material for use such as shingles and siding is primarily composed of a formulation of polyvinyl chloride resin and plasticizer which is mixed with vermiculite is disclosed. The plasticized polyvinyl chloride formulation is approximately composed of 81.5 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin suspension polymer, 23.5 parts plasticizer Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, 2.75 parts epoxidized soybean oil, 1.25 parts barium calcium and 1 part copper sulphate. The formula and ingredients and vermiculite are mixed and subsequently heated until they reach a liquid state, whereupon as a mixture they are extruded into sheet-like form and chill-rolled. After the sheet of the combined formulation and vermiculite reach the proper temperature, the sheet is cut into the desired configuration for roofing shingles or other protective covering materials.

Abstract: A fire spreading inhibitor composition comprising about 20 to about 40% by weight of an emulsion of a synthetic resin, about 1 to about 15% by weight of non-fusible organic fibers, about 20 to about 70% by weight of an inorganic powder at least about 50% of which is clay and/or zinc borate, and about 5 to 20% by weight of a halogenated hydrocarbon, all percentages being based on the dry weight as a coating.

Abstract: A fire protective mastic is provided, whose essential components are solids including a low fusing ceramic frit, hydrated solids having chemically bonded water which is released as a fire protective water vapor when heated, solids which expand or intumesce during the same heat application to form a porous, expanded or foamy insulating body, solids which have a fire break effect, such as antimony oxide and zinc tetraborate, and binder solids which are thermoplastic resins and serve to bind the solids into a flexible coating when applied, the binder solids being dispersed as an emulsion in water and mixed with the other solids to form a mastic. With further addition of water it is converted to a selected viscosity for application by troweling, coating or spraying.

Abstract: Thermoplastic polyester composition containing 2-70% by weight of inorganic fillers and calcium oxide or strontium oxide for improving the melt viscosity stability of the polyester composition under melt conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparation of aromatic polycarbonates, by the two-phase interface process, from diphenols, preferably from halogen-free diphenols, characterized in that aromatic monosulphonic acid chlorides are used as chain stoppers in amounts of about 2 mol % to 20 mol %, preferably in amounts of about 2.5 mol % to 10 mol %, relative to mols of the diphenols employed. In addition, the present invention relates to the aromatic polycarbonates obtainable by the process according to the invention.

Abstract: Compositions based on red phosphorus and epoxy resin for flame proofing plastics without the release of toxic products during use. The compositions consist of a pulverulent mixture containing from 50 to 95% by weight of red phosphorus and from 5 to 50% by weight of compounds having epoxy groups in their chain.

Abstract: A composition which is curable to a flame retardant, pigmented silicone rubber. The composition consists essentially of a polydiorganosiloxane convertible to the solid elastic state, a reinforcing silica filler, an organic peroxide curing agent, platinum and a pyrazolone pigment. Such pigments have the advantage of not substantially reducing the flame retardant properties of the rubber.

Abstract: A crystallizable vinylidene chloride polymer powder is recovered from a latex obtained by emulsion polymerizing in sequence (a) a first monomer mixture comprising a predominant amount of vinylidene chloride and an ethylenically unsaturated comonomer which is copolymerizable therewith, such as acrylonitrile; (b) a minor amount of a polyfunctional monomer for providing graft sites on the product of (a); and (c) a second monomer mixture which is predominantly acrylonitrile, the amount of the second monomer mixture being in the range of about 10 to about 25 percent of the weight of the first monomer mixture. The so-formed solvent is admixed with an acrylic polymer and a suitable solvent and then spun into fibers having improved flame-retardancy.

Abstract: A flame insulative heat vulcanizable silicone rubber composition or two-part room temperature vulcanizable silicone rubber composition comprising or having the standard ingredients of such compositions in which the flame insulative additive consists of, in addition to the inert filler, from 25 to 150 parts by weight of ground glass and more preferably, glass frits. In a more preferable embodiment, in addition to the ground glass, there is utilized from 5 to 50 parts of glass fibers and more preferably, milled glass fibers having an average size varying anywhere from 0.01 to 0.5 inches.

Abstract: Substrates such as polyethylene terephthalate copolymers are treated with polyester adhesives containing flame retardant polymers. The adhesive/polyethylene terephthalate composite possesses improved resistance to combustion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of branched, thermoplastic, high-molecular weight and soluble polycarbonates having improved properties, by incorporation of 3,3-bis-(4-hydroxyaryl)-oxindoles as a branching agent. The invention further relates to the polycarbonates obtained in accordance with this process.

Abstract: Resistance to high heat distortion is imparted to high molecular weight aromatic polycarbonate resins by controlling the degree to which particular diphenols are halogenated so that there are obtained either highly pure dihalogenated diphenols or predetermined statistical mixtures comprising predominantly mono- and dihalogenated diphenols together with some unreacted diphenol.

Abstract: A composition for coating the surface of a substrate, particularly structural members, and providing thereon an adherent, fireproof barrier coating including an aqueous dispersion containing vinyl acetate, titanium dioxide, pumice, zinc oxide, sodium silicate, hydrated magnesium aluminum silicate, a comminuted high temperature fluorocarbon resin, a furan resin, comminuted charcoal, and a dispersing agent.

Abstract: Ar-halo-ar(t-alkyl)styrenes, e.g., 2-chloro-4-(t-butyl)styrene, polymerize to form materials having unusually high temperature resistance. Additionally, compositions of such monomers, unsaturated polyesters and free-radical generating catalysts cure at lower temperatures and in less time than similar compositions containing conventional styrene monomers.

Abstract: Styrenic polymer particles having a substantially uniform particle size are prepared by suspending styrenic polymer particles having particle sizes in a certain range in water to provide an aqueous suspension and after adding to the suspension a styrenic monomer, a suspension polymerization catalyst and a polymerization retarder in an amount of 1/200 to 1/15 mole per 1 mole of the catalyst, conducting the suspension polymerization. By conducting the polymerization in the presence of a foaming agent, one can produce foamable styrenic polymer particles having a substantially uniform particle size.

Abstract: Monomeric and polymeric halogenated organic compounds derived from 2,2',6,6'-tetrabromo-3,3',5,5' -tetraalkyl-4,4'-biphenols are described. The derivatives are useful in their monomeric and polymeric form as flame retardant additives and/or concentrates for normally flammable resinous materials. The thermal stability at elevated temperatures of the brominated biphenol derivatives advantageously benefits polymeric compositions containing the brominated biphenol derivatives especially when the polymeric compositions are molded into three dimensional articles, or formed into films, sheeting or shaped into fibers, laminates or reinforced plastics by conventional techniques.

Abstract: The invention relates to statistical mixtures of halogenated bisphenols with halogen-free bisphenols and to processes for their preparation. This invention further relates to new aromatic, bromine-containing and/or chlorine-containing, high-molecular weight thermoplastic polycarbonates with good resistance to fire (oxygen index .gtoreq. 36%) and good flow properties, to their preparation from the statistical mixtures of halogenated bisphenols and halogen-free bisphenols and to their use alone or as a mixture with halogen-free polycarbonates or with thermoplastic polyesters for the preparation of moldings, films and fibers.

Abstract: The melt viscosity of high molecular weight linear polyesters is stabilized in the presence of aromatic (poly-)carbonates by adding a minor proportion of a non-volatile monofunctional ester-forming compound to a mixture of glycol and terephthalate or isophthalate reactants and heating the resulting mixture. The products of the process are suitable for conversion to compositions with aromatic (poly-)carbonates, especially flame retarded such compositions, where stabilized melt viscosity during fabrication is critical.

Abstract: Intumescent flame-retardant coating composition consisting substantially of a film-forming agent, an ammonium polyphosphate, one or more substances which are carbonizable under the action of heat, a dispersant, and optionally a filler. The coating composition additionally contains an ammonium polyphosphate activator weighing 0.5 to 50% of the weight of ammonium polyphosphate. The activator is constituted by at least one salt which contains water of crystallization which is liberated upon the composition being heated to about 35.degree. C.

Abstract: There are described expandable molding compositions of styrene polymers containing 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexabromohexene-1 or 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexabromohexene-3 or mixtures thereof as the flame-retarding agent, and showing a favorable combination of improved properties, especially high pre-foaming velocity, good welding, rapid mold-releasing and good flame-retardance.

Abstract: Crosslinked vinylidene chloride polymer microgel powders are recovered from a latex obtained by emulsion polymerizing in sequence (a) a first monomer mixture comprising a predominant amount of vinylidene chloride, an ethylenically unsaturated comonomer, and a crosslinking polyfunctional monomer; (b) a minor amount of a polyfunctional monomer for providing graft sites on the product of (a); and (c) a second monomer mixture which is predominantly acrylonitrile, the amount of the second monomer mixture being in the range of about 10 to 25 percent of the weight of the first monomer mixture. The so-formed microgels, having a particle size less than about 1 micron, are admixed with an acrylic polymer and a suitable solvent and then spun into fibers having improved flame-retardancy.

Abstract: Intumescent coating composition for use in the spray-coating of beams and other structural members to protect them against the effect of fire and containing an epoxy resin film-forming binder and melamine phosphate spumific agent, in a weight ratio of less than 7.5:1, are improved by the inclusion therein of 1 to 15 percent by weight of inorganic fibres having a silica content of less than about 50 percent by weight of an aluminium oxide content preferably greater than about 50 percent by weight.The inorganic fibres may be mineral or ceramic and have a length of less than about 1 mm and a mean diameter of less than about 0.01 mm. The epoxy resin may be diglycidylether capable of being cured by the addition of a curing agent.

Abstract: A flameproof thermoplastic molding material based on a styrene polymer and containing from 0.05 to 5 percent by weight of an organic bromine compound as the flameproofing agent, with or without a blowing agent, wherein the bromine compound contains a heterocyclic ring, comprising the group ##STR1## IN ITS MOLECULE, AND IS HEAT-STABLE UP TO AT LEAST 150.degree. C. The preferred bromine compound has the formula ##STR2## The molding materials may be used for the manufacture of self-extinguishing moldings, eg. foam moldings.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the catalytically-induced preparation of phosphazene polymers. Cyclic halophosphazenes are polymerized in the presence of a catalytically sufficient amount of a compound having the formula M(OR').sub.x where M is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, x is equal to the valence of the metal and R' is C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 linear or branched alkyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 substituted linear or branched alkyl, the substituent selected from the group consisting of nitro, C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkoxy, C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 aryl and C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 aryloxy, or N.sub.3 P.sub.3 Cl.sub.z (OR').sub.6-z wherein R' is as defined above and z equals 0 to 5.

Abstract: Phosphorus- and bromine-containing polymers having the formula ##STR1## WHEREIN R.sub.1 is an alkylene group having 2-3 carbon atoms; ##STR2## WHEREIN M IS AN INTEGER OF 1-4 AND B is an alkylene or alkylidene group having 1-6 carbon atoms or sulfone group; Z is --R.sub.2 or --OR.sub.2, provided that R.sub.2 is an alkyl or aryl group; Y is sulfur or oxygen; l is 0 or 1; p and q are integers of at least 1 and a sum of p and q is an integer of not more than 4; and n is an integer of 3-40 are colorless and have an excellent thermal property. The polymers are excellent as a flame retardant for inflammable organic high polymers, and flame resistant compositions having excellent washing resistance, light resistance and whiteness can be obtained by compounding the phosphorus- and bromine-containing polymer with the inflammable organic high polymer.

Abstract: What is disclosed is a room-temperature vulcanizing flame-resistant silicone rubber composition which has triazole compounds added to it to enhance the self-extinguishing character of the flame resistant rubber.

Abstract: A blend of discrete polyester and cotton fibers comprising a substantial proportion of polyester fibers (i.e., about 50 to 70 percent by weight polyester fibers based upon the total weight of polyester and cotton fibers) effectively is rendered non-burning while retaining the desirable textile properties (e.g., hand and aesthetic appeal) normally associated with this blend. The polyester and cotton fibers are physically admixed with discrete additive fibers formed from a synthetic aromatic polymer containing chlorine, bromine, or mixtures thereof chemically bound to an aromatic ring which is substantially free of an oxide of antimony (as described), and an organophosphorus flame retardant is topically applied to the resulting blend in a minor concentration (i.e., about 2 to 20 percent by weight based upon the total weight of the fibers of polyester, cotton, and synthetic aromatic polymer).

Abstract: Fibers and filaments of linear thermoplastic polyesters, containing halogen-containing flameproofing agents and synergistic agents therefor, in which the flameproofing agents are chlorinated and/or brominated oligomeric styrenes. The fibers and filaments of the invention are used for the manufacture of textiles of low flammability.

Abstract: Self-extinguishing polyamide moulding compositions containing as a flame retardant agent melamine, a derivative of melamine or the melamine condensation product .[.melam.]. .Iadd.MELAM.Iaddend..