Abstract: This device includes a drive device (1) arranged above the reactor, provided with a vertical output shaft (2) equipped at its end with an axial-flow mobile assembly such as a propeller (4) immersed in the reactor; the output shaft of the drive device also carries an auto-suction turbine (5) immersed in the reactor and drivable by the output shaft (2), and the latter is enveloped coaxially by a cylinder (6) linked at its upper end to the drive device and whose lower end (6a) opens out into the turbine; in the upper end of the cylinder is drilled an aperture (14) for injecting a gas into an annular gap (15) delimited by the shaft and the cylinder. This device makes it possible to transfer a gas into a liquid efficiently and to ensure agitation whereby particles may be placed in suspension and held there. Application to the biological treatment of industrial effluents.

Abstract: In a method of and apparatus for producing sub-micron bubbles in liquids, slurries, and sludges, gas is maintained on the interior of the gas permeable partition at predetermined pressure. Relative movement between the gas permeable partition and the surrounding material forms sub-micron sized bubbles in the liquid, slurry, or sludge.

Abstract: A monolithic, fired ceramic gas diffuser for injecting gas into a molten metal bath, including a first portion, a second portion integrated with the first portion, and a bore passing through the first portion and communicating with the second portion for supplying gas to the second portion, wherein at least the second portion has a network of interconnected pores that provides preferential gas flow from the bore through the second portion to inject gas into the molten metal bath.

Abstract: In a method of and apparatus for producing sub-micron bubbles in liquids, slurries, and sludges, gas is maintained on the interior of the gas permeable partition at predetermined pressure. Relative movement between the gas permeable partition and the surrounding material forms sub-micron sized bubbles in the liquid, slurry, or sludge.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for recovering a metal from a metal containing material by autoclaving with an autoclave which includes an agitator that includes a first inlet for a recycled oxygen-containing gas, a second inlet for a fresh oxygen-containing gas, an impeller having a plurality of outlets to recirculate or introduce the oxygen-containing gases into the slurry and a set of mixing blades located below the outlets to radially disperse gas bubbles substantially uniformly throughout the slurry. The outlets for the gas can be located in an intermediate set of blades for thorough dispersion of the gas bubbles in the slurry.

Abstract: A rotor for the treatment of a liquid such as molten metal by the addition of gas and/or particulate material. The rotor includes a hollow rotation body (1) with openings (5, 9, 10) in the base and side. The rotor is mounted on a shaft (2) and driven via the shaft by a drive unit and is designed to be lifted out of and lowered into the liquid. The hollow rotation body (1) is provided, in its cavity, with at least one partition wall (4) or at least one rotationally symmetrical hollow body so that one or more annuli (8) and a central cavity (7) are formed and that the gas and/or particulate material is/are supplied to the annuli (8) and the central cavity (7) via channels (3, 13) and/or holes (11) in the respective partition wall(s) or body(ies).

Abstract: A mixing system utilizes up pumping impellers which entrain gas into the liquid both at the surface (the gas liquid interface) and below the surface by induction to draw gas down below the surface where it is dispersed into the circulation produced by the impellers. The impellers are the axial flow type. Tubes disposed on the suction sides of the impeller blades, and providing gas outlets near the tips of the blades, rotate with the impellers. The tubes may extend along the shaft above the surface or into a hollow shaft having a breathing opening above the surface. The rotation of the impeller produces a suction at the tube outlets to draw gas into the liquid while the upward circulation produces surface turbulence for gas entrainment. The entrained gas from the surface and the gas discharged from the tubes is circulated.

Abstract: Process and device for mixing fluid into a pulp suspension of cellulose-containing fiber material, in which the pulp suspension is pumped in through a pump inlet (17), brought into rotation and, at the desired reaction pressure, mixed with the said fluid while passing through a reaction sector comprising a stator shell (1), a rotor (7) which is coaxial therewith, and at least one fluid inlet (23), after which the pulp mixture leaves the reaction sector through a pulp outlet (20), in which the fluid, via the said fluid inlet (23), is supplied in the vicinity of the center of rotation of the rotating pulp suspension, where the local pressure in the pulp suspension is lower, due to the centrifugal force increasing radially outwards, than the reaction pressure prevailing at the periphery of the pulp suspension.

Abstract: A rotatable apparatus for introducing and dispersing a fluid, such as gas or liquid, in a liquid has outwardly and rearwardly projecting blades about it periphery and air exit ports immediately rearward of said blades. In one embodiment, the apparatus is an aerator having an upper body, a lower body and replaceable blades affixed between the upper and lower bodies. The blades have a body portion positioned between the upper and lower bodies and a projecting portion extending radially outwards. The upper body has an axial bore which is connected to a rotatable hollow tube open to the atmosphere. As the aerator is rotated by rotation of the tube, air is drawn through the tube into the body of the aerator and is ejected through air exit ports between the blades into the liquid. In another embodiment, the aerator has a plurality of radially extending tubes with air exit ports and radially extending blades proximate their outer ends.

Abstract: A condenser for a carrier recovery apparatus of a liquid imaging system is provided. The condenser for a carrier gas recovery apparatus of a liquid imaging system for recovering a carrier gas as a liquid carrier by collecting and condensing the carrier gas evaporated by a drying unit of the imaging system, includes a bubble generating member provided at a vapor discharging end of a gas duct for inducing the collected carrier gas into the liquid carrier contained in the condenser. The bubble generating member generates bubbles from the carrier gas in the liquid carrier and a rotation member installed in front of the bubble generating member rotates to make the bubbles generated by the bubble generating member into finer bubbles. A rotation driving device rotates the rotation member.

Abstract: A system for providing improved bulk liquid mixing and effective gas-liquid contacting for mass transfer of the gas to the liquid, especially a non-Newtonian liquid, the viscosity of which decreases when under shearing conditions (shear thinning), in an upright tank. A process, such as fermentation which produces commercial quantities of polysaccharides such as xanthan gum, may be carried out in the tank. An upright draft tube is mounted within the tank and has a lower end spaced from the tank bottom and an upper end spaced below the surface of the liquid in the tank. A plurality of mixing impellers in the draft tube are sufficiently close to each other to establish a field or pattern of agitation to cause shear thinning and upflow throughout the draft tube and which may produce turbulence at the liquid surface. A plurality of radially inwardly projecting, circumferentially spaced baffles extend from the draft tube and are proximate the mixing impellers to prevent swirling of the liquid within the draft tube.

Abstract: An aerator for mixing a gas with a liquid has a motor, fan, rotating central shaft, housing enclosing the shaft, and an air flow pathway between the central shaft and the housing. Rotation of the shaft in the air flow path reduces friction in the flow path and increases efficiency. The shaft may be hollow to provide a second air flow path, also with a rotating shaft in the air flow path to reduce friction, increasing air flow volume and efficiency. A non-lubricated material bearing rotatably mounts the central shaft, and has openings to allow increased air flow through the aerator.

Abstract: An improved air delivering device for use in a fish raising pond is provided with a hollow shaft having a plurality of slantly drilled holes disposed thereon and connected to the output shaft of a motor. The motor is disposed on the roof of a shelter casing in which the output shaft in connection to the hollow shaft is housed. To the end of the hollow shaft is secured a sleeve having a plurality of discharge bores communicating with the hollow shaft and a blade assembly is integrally formed with the sleeve. An extensible air introducing duct in connection to the shelter casing permits air to be led into the shelter casing for mixing with water in the hollow shaft and discharged through the multiple bores into the underwater area so as to increase the oxygen content level therein.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a hollow shaft (6) with water jet vacuum pumps peripherally attached to the end thereof at a certain distance therefrom wherein the water pumps have vacuum pockets (3) communicating with the inside of the hollow shaft via ducts (5). The lower portion of the shaft is plugged, and its upper portion has peripheral perforations (8) providing free access for air or gas flowing into the shaft so that the air or gas can reach the vacuum pockets of the water pumps. The top end of the shaft is coupled to an electric motor (9) either directly or via a motor reducer (10). When the shaft and the water pumps are rotating within a liquid, the liquid pressure at the tips (2) of the water pumps create a vacuum, whereby fine bubbles of air or gas can be fed into and diffused through the liquid at a submerged depth of the water pumps.

Abstract: Apparatus and a process for use in aeration of a fluid. The apparatus includes a tubular drive shaft having a first end and a second end. The first end is coupled to a selectively rotatable power source. A compressed air source is in fluid communication with the tubular drive shaft. A first propeller having a propeller shaft is coupled to the second end of the tubular drive shaft. An atomizing mechanism is located proximate the propeller shaft. The apparatus may further include a second propeller having a propeller shaft positioned between the first propeller and the second end of the tubular drive shaft. In another mode of operation, the aerator may be used solely as a mixer in an nitrification/de-nitrification process without the introduction of outside air or compressed air.

Abstract: An air bubble generating apparatus has an air supplying device integrated with a pump. The air bubble generating apparatus comprises a pump for pumping water and for receiving a vacuum at a center portion thereof during pumping the water, a driving source for driving the pump, and an air supplying device for supplying air for the water by using an air pressure difference between the center portion in the vacuum state and an atmosphere. The air supplying device includes a hollow shaft through which the air flows, a first valve assembly adjacent to a first end of the hollow shaft and screwed in a bearing holder of the driving source, and a second valve assembly arranged at a second end of the hollow shaft. When the pump is operated so that a vacuum pressure is generated in the pump, the solenoid valve opens, so that there is a difference in pressure between the pump and the air supplying device.

Abstract: Improved apparatus and method for mixing and introducing gas into a large body of liquid. The apparatus supports and rotates a plurality of spoke-like discharge members below the surface of the liquid. The members have upwardly facing perforated discharge surfaces through which compressed gas is released up into the liquid. Preferably the members have non-porous lower portions. To counter upward "lift pump" effect forces created by the rotating members, the members are tilted with their leading edges lower than their trailing edges. The tilt of the members and the speed of rotation are balanced so that the resultant angle of attack of the liquid relative to the discharge surfaces is zero or slightly greater, for efficiently and effectively shearing the emerging gas into relatively small size bubbles.

Abstract: An aeration device disperses microbubbles into a liquid and maintains efficient transfer of gas to the liquid. The aeration device uses a number of sealed end, hollow fiber membranes that are hydrophobic and provided with pores in the walls of the tubular fibers that range from about 0.01 to 1.0 microns, so that very small bubbles are formed on the outside surface of the hollow fiber membranes. Gas pressures above the bubble point of the fiber membranes are used, and a cloud of microbubbles is expelled into the liquid as it is forced to flow past the fibers. These microbubbles provide a large surface area for the effective dissolution of gases into the liquid. The length of the hollow fiber membranes is controlled in order to obtain efficient small bubble formation.

Abstract: An aerator for introducing and dispersing air as fine bubbles in a liquid-solid slurry has a lower body, an upper body and replaceable blades affixed between the upper and lower bodies. The blades have a body portion positioned between the upper and lower bodies and a projecting portion extending radially outwards. The upper body has a vertical axial bore which is connected to an air tube open to the atmosphere. As the aerator is rotated by rotation of the air tube, air is drawn through the air tube into the body of the aerator and is dispersed out through air exit ports between the blades into the slurry, without intake of slurry into the aerator.

Abstract: The invention provides for flotation equipment which is locatable inside a container for a pulp to be subjected to a flotation process and a rotor or impeller or agitator rotatable within the container about a substantially vertical axis, the rotor including first means for imparting a radially upward pulp stream movement to pulp particles in the container, the first means being in the form of a set of arcuate surfaces located between the vanes and second means for moving air from atmosphere in a downward direction to below the pulp stream level in the container, the second means comprising a set of arcuate surfaces extending from the top of the rotor to outlets in the peripheral surfaces of the vanes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for forming controlled vortexes and for circulating gas thereby in a reactor (1, 15) containing liquid or a suspension of liquid and solids. Into the reactor there is also fed gas, so that the liquid is set into a turbulent motion by means of mixers (4, 17, 18) and flow baffles (6, 17, 19). By means of adjustable flow baffles (6, 19), there are created in the reactor at least two vortexes (10), external to the mixer shaft, for sucking gas from the suspension surface into the liquid phase.

Abstract: A multi-function fluid treatment system which can filter liquids or diffuse gases into liquids. To achieve filtration, the system includes a housing with multiple, closely-spaced filter cartridges therein. The cartridges are connected to a drive system which rotates them in unison. Fluids to be filtered enter the housing and surround the rotating cartridges. Cartridge rotation scrubs solids from the cartridges and promotes fluid flow into the cartridges. Filtered fluids collected within the cartridges thereafter exit the system. To achieve gas diffusion, the housing is filled with a selected liquid. During cartridge rotation as discussed above, a gas is introduced into the interior of each cartridge which is constructed of a porous material. The gas diffuses outwardly during cartridge rotation, causing substantial mixing of the gas and fluid, with gas diffusion into the fluid. Cartridge rotation also prevents solids from accumulating thereon to achieve maximum gas delivery.

Abstract: A method and device for jetting a pressurized water flow against a material under water to cause cavitation to wash the material. A negative pressure generated by the pressurized water flow is used to draw an air current and mix it into the pressurized water flow. A near-infinite number of bubbles are thus directed to the material through the pressurized water flow. As a result, the control of the water flow controls the movement of the bubbles, and the disturbance caused by the bubbles, the shock wave caused by the bursting of the bubbles, and the turbulent force of the flow serve to wash the material.

Abstract: A liquid agent evaporator includes a sealed container accommodating a liquid agent therein and having a generally flat upper internal face and a vapor outlet, a carrier gas feeder for feeding the carrier gas into the sealed container, and a carrier gas blower provided in the upper internal surface of the sealed container for blowing the carrier gas fed from the carrier gas feeder so that the blown carrier gas comes into contact with substantially the entirety of the upper internal surface of the sealed container. The carrier gas blower is provided, for example, at the center of the upper internal surface of the sealed container and blows the carrier gas radially at an initial velocity directed at least to the upper internal surface side of the sealed container. The carrier gas blower can include a gas blow tube which is communicated with a gas feed tube and has a plurality of gas outlets formed on the top face side of the gas blow tube.

Abstract: A spray tower is provided for removing gases and particulate matter from flue gases which are produced by processing operations of the type carried out in utility and industrial facilities. The spray tower is configured so as to minimize its overall height, such that construction, operational and maintenance costs of the tower are also minimized. A tank located at the base of the tower serves as a reservoir for an alkaline slurry used to remove gases and particulate matter from the flue gases. The slurry is pumped from the tank to spraying devices located within the tower. An inlet is located above the tank through which the flue gases are introduced into the tower. Disposed within the tower and adjacent the inlet is an enclosure having an upper end joined to the tower and a lower end defining an opening. Spraying devices are located within the enclosure, preferably at approximately the same height as the inlet, so as to enable the overall height of the tower to be reduced.

Abstract: An apparatus for selectively aerating or anaerobically mixing a liquid in a container includes a hollow, star-shaped, multi-vaned rotor (6) arranged in the bottom region of the container (1) for rotation about a vertical axis. The hollow interior of the rotor at one of the two opposite faces thereof is in communication with a gas feed line (15), and each of the vanes (10) at its trailing flank (11), as viewed in the direction of rotation of the rotor, is provided with a respective gas exit opening (12). The inter-vane spaces of the rotor are open at one of its two opposite faces for admitting liquid from the container into those spaces. The rotor is surrounded by a stator (7) providing a plurality of circumferentially spaced flow channels (9) for receiving and guiding away either liquid with admixed gas when gas flows through the gas feed line or liquid without admixed gas when no gas flows through the gas feed line.

Abstract: A mixing device, especially for a fermenter, capable of dispersing gas in a broth therein, in which a number of propeller mixers are provided on a vertically extending shaft. The lower propeller mixer is a gas dispersing mixer having a hollow hub and open channels on the blades extending from this hub and tapering outwardly. At least one intermediate propeller mixer has some blades shorter than others and of reverse flow direction, some blades having baffle bars on trail edges thereof. The upper propeller mixer has the longer blades without channels and flow modifying elements.

Abstract: An apparatus for wet process exhaust gas desulfurization including a spraying portion for spreading absorbent slurry including calcium compound, an absorbing tower for bringing the absorbent slurry sprayed from the spraying portion into contact with exhaust gas including sulfur oxides from opposite directions so as to absorb the sulfur oxides in the exhaust gas into the absorbent slurry, a slurry tank disposed below the absorbing tower for receiving the absorbent slurry from the absorbing tower, a plurality of stirrers for stirring each stirrer being an axial flow type agitator having a propeller, and circular system for circulating the absorbent slurry from the slurry tank to the spraying portion. The apparatus further includes a plurality of nozzles for feeding oxidizer gas including oxygen into the absorbent slurry from a backside of each propeller towards a periphery thereof uniformly with respect to a circumferential direction, thereby bubbling the oxidizer gas finely around each propeller.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for dispersing gas into liquid or slurry, which uses a rotatable rotor at least partly submerged in the liquid, and blades connected thereto. According to the invention, the gas to be dispersed is conducted, via a gas conduit (1, 22, 32) to the inside (7, 27, 37) of the rotor (6) and further to the surrounding liquid or slurry through at least one discharge aperture (12, 28, 38) formed in the rotor blade (8, 26, 36) and being adjustable in width.

Abstract: Disclosed is a centrifugal liquid pump, preferably of the rotary disc type, which incorporates a gas injection assembly of very simple yet efficient structure, whereby up to 15% per volume of a gas such as air, may be mixed with the pumped liquid. The gas injection is achieved with a gas feed pipe that enters the pump through its axial inlet and with a plurality of gas injector pipes that projects from the gas feed pipe radially within the impeller.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aerator device where the stator is installed coaxially with the rotor and comprises several flow chutes extending outwards from the stator frame. According to the invention, the flow channel (8) comprises a first part (9) that is closed at the top, and an at least one-part flow chute (10, 12, 16, 20, 22, 24) that is open at the top.

Abstract: Apparatus for aerating a pool of liquid has a hollow, rotatable drive shaft journaled for rotation about an axis and coupled at one end to a driving motor. A propeller is mounted at the other end of the drive shaft. The propeller has a plurality of hollow blades in communication with an internal aerating fluid passage in the drive shaft. A plurality of air inlets is provided in the drive shaft and at least one outlet port is provided in each blade at the zone of highest negative pressure resulting from rotation of the blade in the liquid. The drive shaft automatically is movable from a dry-docked position in which the shaft is out of the liquid to an operating position in which the propeller blades are immersed in the liquid. A seal is provided between the propeller and the shaft journal to protect the latter against exposure to the liquid. The shaft is continuously pressurized between the journal and the seal to prevent liquid from passing through the seal should the seal become worn.

Abstract: A water treatment device is disclosed which includes a floating structure that is submerged in the water to an adjustable depth and has an adjustable orientation in the vertical plane. The device supports an operative unit including a propeller driven by a submersible motor, and a decompression chamber having at least one air inlet connected to a suction pipe that emerges above the open surface of the water, the decompression chamber having an air outlet as well. The propeller is entirely outside the decompression chamber. A hub of the propeller is hollow and communicates with the outlet of the decompression chamber and with the ambient. A conventional rotation seal device ensures the seal between the hub and the fixed part of the operative unit.

Abstract: An apparatus for purifying and activating water is provided. The apparatus comprises a drive shaft having a hollow inside, a capsule secured to a lower end of the drive shaft, a device for supporting the drive shaft for rotation so that an upper opening of the drive shaft is positioned above the surface of water and the capsule is positioned in the water, and a motor for rotationally driving the drive shaft, the capsule including a plurality of small apertures communicating with the hollow inside of the drive shaft.

Abstract: A process and system for enhancing the oxygen uptake by a liquid being aerated in a basin or tank with the aid of an aerator which can only aerate the liquid over a cross-sectional zone smaller than the total floor surface of the basin or tank. To achieve the enhancement, there is provided vertically above the aerator but at the surface of the body of liquid an enclosure which is open at its top and bottom and has a cross-sectional size sufficient to surround approximately the entire region where the rising directly aerated quantity of liquid reaches the surface of the body liquid.

Abstract: A gas dispersion stirrer comprises a rotatable hollow shaft and at least one circular hollow stirring member disposed thereon wherein the cavity in the stirring member communicates with the hollow shaft. The stirring member has aeration apertures disposed in an outer peripheral portion thereof. The stirring member has flow-inducing blades for radially directing the liquid from the hollow shaft toward the aeration apertures. The gas dispersion stirrer effectively aerates liquids and achieves an improvement in mass transfer.

Abstract: Complex mixing system with stages consisting of propeller mixers of high diameter ratio, where the blades are provided with flow modifying elements, whereby the energy proportions spent on dispersion of the amount of gas injected into the reactor, homogenization of the multi-phase mixtures, suspension of solid particles, etc. and the properties corresponding to the rheological properties of the gas-liquid mixtures and to the special requirements of the processes can be ensured even in extreme cases. Open channels (5) opposite to the direction of rotation are on the blades (4) of the dispersing stage (2a) of the propeller mixers (2) fixed to a common shaft, where the channels (5) are interconnected with gas inlet (7). The angle of incidence of a certain part of the blades (4) of mixing stages (2b, 2d) used for homogenization and suspension is of opposite direction and the length is shorter and/or the angle of incidence is smaller than those of the other blades.

Abstract: Apparatus for aerating a pool of liquid has a hollow, rotatable drive shaft journaled for rotation about an axis and coupled at one end to a driving motor. A propeller is mounted at the other end of the drive shaft. The propeller has a plurality of hollow blades in communication with an internal aerating fluid passage in the drive shaft. A plurality of air inlets is provided in the drive shaft and at least one outlet port is provided in each blade at the zone of highest negative pressure resulting from rotation of the blade in the liquid. The drive shaft automatically is movable from a dry-docked position in which the shaft is out of the liquid to an operating position in which the propeller blades are immersed in the liquid. A seal is provided between the propeller and the shaft journal to protect the latter against exposure to the liquid. The shaft is continuously pressurized between the journal and the seal to prevent liquid from passing through the seal should the seal become worn.

Abstract: A flotation apparatus for floating minerals from fluid containing minerals in particulate form. The flotation apparatus includes a hydraulic motor directly connected to a drive shaft for driving a rotor located in the flotation cell, the hydraulic motor being powered by a hydraulic power pack having dual gear pumps to circulate hydraulic fluid at pressures of up to 2900 psi to drive the hydraulic motor. The dual gear pumps include a smaller gear pump for developing high pressure at low flow for quick, soft start of the flotation apparatus. Once started, the larger pump automatically takes over to provide high flow at lower pressure to develop rotor speed of approximately 160 RPM.

Abstract: The invention relates to a flotation machine for flotating minerals from slurries containing these particles, the said flotation machine comprising a flotation cell and a mixer mechanism provided in the cell, an element for introducing air into the cell and an element for feeding the material to be flotated into the cell and for removing it therefrom. According to the invention, in the slurry chamber (2, 18) of the flotation machine, essentially below the foam bed (4, 21) created in the flotation machine, there is arranged at least one guide member (3, 19, 32), so that the free area of the flotation machine, essentially at least in the slurry chamber (2, 18) below the foam bed (4, 21) can be reduced when proceeding upwards.

Abstract: A gas-liquid mixing system employs an impeller/draft tube assembly submerged in liquid. Hollow eductor tubes affixed to the impeller drive shaft are used to flow gas from an overhead gas space to the liquid in the vicinity of the assembly. The positioning and size of the eductor tubes are such as to maximize the desired gas-liquid mixing and reaction rate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for concentrating a certain mineral fraction attached to air bubbles from a slurry to the foam layer accumulated on the surface, so that the concentration takes place in three different mixing zones. The apparatus of the invention is formed of a colon-like flotation arrangement and of flow guides, a flow attenuator and an agitator belonging thereto. The flotation reactions are created in the bottom zone, wherefrom air bubbles and mineral particles carried by them are directed in a controlled fashion onto the surface of the apparatus. The flotation apparatus is so designed, that a strong agitation in the bottom zone can be used without causing harmful separation of the foam in the bottom part of the apparatus.

Abstract: The turbine agitator assembly including a reservoir for liquid, a rotor mounted in the reservoir and with a plurality of radially extending blades, and sparger means for introducing a fluid into liquid in the reservoir. The fluid sparger means and the rotor are so constructed and arranged that, in use, the rotor blades (submerged in the liquid) and/or the liquid flow they generate disperse the sparged fluid. Each of the blades is hollow and has a discontinuous leading edge, only a single trailing edge along an acute angle, no external concave surface and an open radially outer end.

Abstract: A device for use in the mixing of fluids, e.g. the gasification of liquids, comprises an elongate member including an internal passage; and, mounted on the elongate member via radials arms, one or more venturi members each having a convergent-divergent duct whose axis is substantially tangential to the elongate member, and in which the neck of the duct has an opening in communication, via passages in the radial, with the internal passage. On rotation of the device, reduced pressure in the duct neck draws fluid down the shaft of the elongate member.

Abstract: An apparatus transfers heat for the purpose of purifying raw feed liquid, separating dissolved gases from liquids, vaporizing heat transfer fluids or containing and regulating biological/chemical reactions. The feed liquid is directed into an evaporator module submerged in a solar pond or other body of heated liquid. The evaporator module includes a rotating housing through which a plurality of spaced apart substantially horizontal open ended heat transfer tubes extend. A heating liquid is directed through the heat transfer tubes. The feedwater is distributed within the evaporator module so as to cause the feedwater to descend into heat transferring contact with the heat transfer tubes and thereby vaporize a portion of the feedwater. A preferred embodiment of the evaporator module is disclosed which includes cavitation fins for urging the heated liquid through the evaporator module.

Abstract: An apparatus for composting city sewage sludge and organic garbage to provide rich humus topsoil for city and private use. A continuous rotation of an aeration lift arm over the floor of a cylindrical tank, lifts the sludge to split it open to provide controlled dynamic aeration therewithin and to maintain bacteria action over periods of time and on demand in response to a temperature probe set at 150 degrees Fahrenheit. Cooperating equipment comprises an air blower, a motor driven arm operable upon a central drive sleeve device to rotate the aerator lift arm, and an exhaust pump for removing hot gases resulting from the bacteria action. The full compost mass is lifted over an inclined surface to a height and spilled over a raised trailing edge of the aerator arm closed with a back wall plate. The back wall plate has valved openings through which varying amounts of air are delivered from the hollow aerator arm to different radially volume-extended mass areas.

Abstract: An aspirator aerator for inducing the flow of atmospheric air at high velocity below the surface of a substance so as to allow oxygen to freely and quickly transfer into the substance. The aerator includes an outer tubular housing having an inner tube disposed therein, one end of the housing being associated with an aspiration mechanism for inducing fluid flow through the aerator, the other end of the housing being associated with a drive for driving the aspiration mechanism. A heater is disposed substantially around the outer surface of the outer tubular housing and generates sufficient heat for deicing the aerator. Insulation is disposed substantially around the heater element to cause heat generated by the heater to substantially flow through the outer tubular housing. The aerator may further be provided with a control circuit for controlling the operation of the drive and deicing mechanism in response to a signl denoting the presence or absence of icing conditions.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuously charging a liquid reactant with a gas is provided. The gas is dispersed in the reactant through a hollow stirrer in a gassing tank. The quantity of gas introduced per unit time is kept constant.

Abstract: The invention relates to a flotation machine for flotating minerals and the like from slurries containing these particles. In the flotation machine of the invention, above the feed opening (15) of the flotation cell there is formed a froth bed (11) which is adjustable in volume and/or surface area. The regulating and washing members (10, 13) of the froth bed are arranged within the froth bed (11), and the height of the froth bed is 20-40%, advantageously 30-35% of the height of the flotation cell (1).

Abstract: The device of the present invention includes a rotary shaft to be disposed in a liquid approximately vertically and rotatable about its axis. The rotary shaft has a gas channel axially extending therethrough. A bubble releasing-diffusing rotor is fixedly attached to the lower end of the rotary shaft and has a plurality of liquid agitating projections formed along its periphery at a specified spacing circumferentially thereof. The rotor is formed in its bottom face with a plurality of grooves extending radially from the central portion of the bottom face to the outer ends of the respective liquid agitating projections for centrifugally guiding the liquid when the rotary shaft is in rotation.