Abstract: A process for producing a polytetrafluoroethylene porous film having excellent mechanical strength wherein pores have a substantially perfect circle and it is possible to uniformly control its pore size to a predetermined size. The porous film is obtained by compression molding polytetrafluoroethylene resin molding powders obtained by a suspension polymerization method to prepare a preform, sintering said preform at a temperature of at least 327.degree. C., forming it into a film, resintering the film at a temperature of at least 327.degree. C., quenching it at a cooling rate of at least 70.degree. C. per hour to reduce the crystallinity of polytetrafluoroethylene to 55% or below, and thereafter stretching said film at a stretch ratio of from 1.3 to 6.5 while heating it to a temperature of from 100.degree. to 320.degree. C.

Abstract: A method of forming bottomed cylindrical bodies, which can be used conveniently as preforms for the production of containers by stretch blow-molding, etc., from a cylindrical body of thermoplastic resin. The method includes a softening step of heat-softening an axially intermediate part of the cylindrical body, a necking step of necking the axially intermediate part of the cylindrical body radially inwardly, said necking step being carried out subsequently to, or simultaneously with, the softening step, a cutting step of cutting the axially intermediate part of the cylindrical body necked radially inwardly in the necking step, thereby to divide the cylindrical body into two members, and a fusing step of heat-melting the cut end portion of each of the two members and fusing the cut end portion.

Abstract: Apparatus for preparing seamless, creaseless, pliable, thin-walled tubes comprising means to extrude a moving continuous tube of polymeric film material from a die, means to radially stretch the continuous tube as it emerges from the die, means to longitudinally stretch the tube, and means to sever the tube while the tube is in motion to form tube segments while maintaining the tube substantially free of creases. This apparatus may be employed in a process to prepare seamless, creaseless, pliable, thin-walled tubes.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a composite seal assembly. A primary sealing ring in generally frustoconical form is cut from a cylindrical billet of a resinous fluorocarbon material so as to have first and second principal surfaces each inclined with respect to the axis of the billet. The ring thus formed is supported against movement by disposing a relatively rigid annular casing unit adjacent the ring, with the ring lying within the casing opening, and bonding the casing element to the seal ring by molding an elastomeric collar of thin cross-section between a portion of the second surface of the ring and a part of said casing.

Abstract: Apparatus for molding plastic products of virtually any complicated configuration is provided. When a parison is extruded out of a nozzle, a separating agent, preferably oil, is supplied into the parison as a lubricant. Since a thin film of the separating agent is formed on the inside surface of the parison, portions of the inside surface do not stick together even if they are brought into contact from some reasons. This insures to mold a plastic product of a very complex configuration. Use of a separating agent also allows to form sheet-type products by dividing the parison into several sections as desired. This is a very efficient way of forming sheet-type products since at least two may be formed at the same time.

Abstract: This relates to a biaxially oriented molded polyester can which may be severed from an elongated blow molded container and which can has an open mouth defined by an edge portion which is enlarged so that the edge portion has generally the cross section of a match. This enlargement which may be formed during or after the severing of the can body from the elongated container is utilized in the formation of a seam between the can body and a metal end unit utilizing conventional double seaming equipment. This abstract is not to be construed as limiting the claims of the application.

Abstract: A delineator comprises an upstanding flexible marker having a first access opening formed through a bottom wall thereof to receive a fastener, such as a bolt, therethrough. A second access opening is formed through a side wall of the marker to accommodate a wrench for the purpose of selectively tightening or releasing the bolt. In one embodiment of the invention, a mounting plate, having the bolt secured thereon, is secured to a paved roadway or the like with the bolt extending upwardly through the first access opening and having a nut threaded thereon for the purpose of securing the marker in place. In a second described embodiment, a mounting post is driven into the ground and has screw threads defined therein with the bolt extending downwardly through the first access opening and threadedly engaged with the screw threads.

Abstract: A thin-walled guiding catheter of the type having a distal end adapted to be formed into curved configurations and passed through branching blood vessels and the like is prepared with a three-layered tubular body portion having a lubricious inner sheath defining a lubricious guiding lumen, a rigid intermediate sheath, and a flexible outer sheath, which may be radiopaque. The distal tip portion thereof has a similar construction, but from which the rigid intermediate sheath is omitted. The guiding catheter exhibits excellent torque response and control while being especially thin-walled, thereby permitting minimization of the outer diameter size while permitting passage of an intravascular catheter and the like through its lumen.

Abstract: A square filler for water treatment and an apparatus for the manufacture thereof are disclosed. The square filler is used as a contact medium for aerobic or anaerobic treatment of sewage.The square filler is made of synthetic resin net sheet or net tube of which a plurality of net layers are formed, and melt-bonding is applied to at least one spot on each layer for fixing all layers together.An apparatus for manufacturing square fillers flattens the net sheet or net tube for forming net layers with the application of pressure, intermittently feeds the flattened net sheet or net tube in the longitudinal axial direction thereof, and heats the net sheet or net tube for softening during transfer thereof.The heated net sheet or net tube is locally pressed with projections for melt-bonding so that net layers are locally melt-bonded to each other, thereby square fillers having net layers fixed by solidification thereof are obtained.

Abstract: A process for cutting washers, gaskets, seals and the like from elongate stock having elastomeric properties in which the stock is stretched longitudinally and cut transversely while stretched to form an end product with precision parallelity as between the cut surfaces and with uniform thickness and repetitively accurate.

Abstract: Method of manufacturing synthetic resin pen nibs is disclosed, which pen nibs may suitably be employed in writing instruments for fine lettering or drawing fine lines. The pen nibs are formed of thermoplastic crystalline synthetic resin, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate resin, which is extruded from a molding die and subjected to rapid cooling to form a continuous rod in amorphous state. The rod is axially stretched under predetermined temperature condition to achieve oriented crystallization of the resin molecules, and is further heat-treated such that non-oriented fine crystals are dispersed and grown between oriented crystals and remaining amorphous regions. Pen nib thus obtained has highly improved physical and chemical properties.

Abstract: An apparatus 10 that extrudes, conveys and cuts a propellant strand into precise lengths independent of strand velocity is disclosed. Cutting of the strand is accomplished by a cutter 18 having a blade mounted on a shaft which in one revolution cuts the strand. The shaft is activated after passage of the strand end past a pair of downstream optic sensors; compensation is made for cutter delay and strand velocity by having cutting activation take place in the same amount of time as it takes the strand end to pass both sensors less cutter delay.

Abstract: A method of producing molded articles from polyolefin molding compositions crosslinked by irradiation, to which molding composition is added, prior to irradiation, by mixing and/or copolymerizing, from 0.3 to 20 percent by weight of vinylacetate, optionally in a form as pre-copolymerized with a polyolefin. The occurence of undesirable accumulations and discharges of electrical charge concentrations and/or the undesirable foaming of the polyolefin molded articles will thus be suppressed.

Abstract: This relates to the blow molding of containers wherein the containers are formed of biaxially oriented plastic material. A multi-sided hollow member is blown within a convention blow mold using a conventional type of preform. Each side, when severed from the top and bottom of the hollow member and from each other forms a tray or box like container having a bottom, side walls and a peripheral sealing flange. The efficiency of the container from a weight to capacity standpoint is at a maximum due to the biaxial orientation of the plastic material.

Abstract: The method of making flexible plastic bags with integral pressure interlocking rib and groove elements on the confronting top edges, comprises the steps of extruding a continuous tube with pairs of closely spaced interlocking elements on the surface of the tube, the total pairs being a multiple of 2 with at least 4 pairs on the tube, slitting the tube lengthwise between profiles of alternate pairs, and folding the tube between each adjacent pair and bringing the profile adjacent the slit over onto the closest profile of the pair which has not been slit.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for molding plastic products of virtually any complicated configuration is provided. When a parison is extruded out of a nozzle, a separating agent, preferably oil, is supplied into the parison as a lubricant. Since a thin film of the separating agent is formed on the inside surface of the parison, portions of the inside surface do not stick together even if they are brought into contact from some reasons. This insures to mold a plastic product of a very complex configuration. Use of a separating agent also allows to form sheet-type products by dividing the parison into several sections as desired. This is a very efficient way of forming sheet-type products since at least two may be formed at the same time.

Abstract: A method of making imprints on the walls of portions of a tube obtained by the continuous molding of a ceramics-based paste and the cutting up of the tube, wherein immediately after the tube portions have been molded and are still deformable, they are placed on means parallel with the axis of the tube portions for rotating them around their axes of revolution, means are applied to the rotary means for exerting a pressure on at least a portion of the tubes so that such portions are clamped between the rotary means and the pressure-exerting means, the pressure-exerting means or the rotary means are provided with at least one imprint-making tool, the or each tool having a main direction which does not coincide with the direction of the axes of revolution of the tube portions, and means are applied to create a second relative movement between the tube portion and the or each tool, so that there is substantially no sliding between the tube portion and the or each tool.

Abstract: Steel, cast iron, synthetic resin or concrete pipes are coated with a hydraulically setting mass, such as cement mortar or a mixture of cement, fibers, aggregates and optional additives, by entraining the mass before it has set from a storage container having two opposite walls moving at about the same speed, one of the container walls being formed by a portion of the circumferential wall of the pipe being rotated about its longitudinal axis and the opposite container wall being formed by a tensioned carrier band having one end affixed to the rotating pipe and the mass with the covering tensioned carrier band being wound around the rotating pipe.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of target boards for darts or archery, wherein the target boards are made by: compressing fibrous material into a cylindrical bundle with a set of press molds provided with clamp members adapted to clamp the fibrous material so as to remain in cylindrical shape, cutting the cylindrical bundle into circular pieces each being clamped by a pair of clamp members; bonding a reinforcing plate onto one surface of each of the circular pieces; removing the clamp members from the circular pieces; banding the circular pieces with metal strips around the periphery and covering the second surface with a decorative cover sheet.

Abstract: A process is provided for forming a plurality of objects simultaneously from a plurality of superimposed sheets of deformable and fusible material comprising the steps of heating said plurality of superimposed sheets until said material in said sheets reaches a temperature sufficient to allow plastic deformation while maintaining time, temperature and pressure conditions at the contiguous faces thereof below those causing fusion of said material and forming said plurality of superimposed sheets simultaneously.

Abstract: Processes are disclosed for severing a plurality of hollow fiber membranes comprised of thermoplastic material which membranes are arranged in the form of a bundle and also sealing the bores of the membranes in an essentially fluid-tight manner. The severing and sealing of essentially all of the hollow fiber membranes in the bundle can readily be accomplished without any significant decrease in membrane performance or strength. The severing and sealing of the hollow fiber membranes is accomplished by passing a heated member through the bundle in a path transverse to the orientation of the hollow fiber membranes wherein the temperature of the heated member is above the melt temperature of the hollow fiber membranes. Advantageously, the hollow fiber membranes which are severed in accordance with this invention can have a significant void volume and may be anisotropic with a thin, dense skin.

Abstract: An object is produced from a tubular blank (10,15,17) of thermoplastic material of polyester or polyamide, preferably of polyethylene terephthalate by reducing the thickness of amorphous material in one or several areas of the blank by means of one or several consecutive re-shaping operations. A mechanical shaping device (23,29,71,81) moves a transitional zone (13,14,113) situated between thicker and thinner material along the blank and simultaneously elongates the blank in the moving direction of the transitional zone while reducing the thickness. After the last re-shaping operation the thinner material preferably has an oriented state. During the re-shaping operation the temperature of the material in the transitional zone (13,14,113) is controlled at a level which, immediately before the re-shaping operation, is within or close to the range of the glass transition temperature (TG).

Abstract: A wide endless flexible band (10) is molded on a flat core blade (12) with one group of laterally extending rows of outwardly projecting printing characters (16) molded on one side of the core blade between a set of laterally extending notched guide bars (32). The notches within the guide bars are used to align the wide endless band on a rotary cylindrical arbor (40) precisely with a set of spaced cutters (44) which slit the wide band at laterally spaced intervals into a plurality of relatively narrow endless printing bands. The wide endless band is also molded with a second group of raised characters (14) which correspond to the printing characters and are positioned on the other side of the core blade between a set of laterally extending continuous guide bars (24).

Abstract: A piston rubber with a body of substantially cylindrical exterior shape with one end thereof reinforced with a textile fabric wound into a roll that is arranged generally coaxial with the cylindrical body. The method for making the piston rubber involves winding a length of rubberized fabric around a mandrel and forming a sleeve of desired radial thickness, cutting the sleeve into bands of desired widths, and placing the bands and elastomeric material in a mold and curing the same to define a piston rubber.

Abstract: A method of connecting a plastic tube to a plastic hub is disclosed which includes preforming the tube by externally heating it in selected areas to cause outward bulging of the tube in those areas, applying an axial force on the tube to cause the bulges to compress axially while heated and molding the hub with the tube bulges in the mold.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for transversely stretching a fibrous or film-like material. The material is subjected to a monoaxial transverse stretch which progresses divergently along an arcuate track. An apparatus to implement this method is also disclosed, which essentially comprises a pair of pulleys and a pair of V-belts cooperating in releasably gripping therebetween opposite selvages of a given material, the pulleys being rotative in the same plane in opposite directions so that the material is stretched along a progressively diverging arcuate track.

Abstract: An electrode assembly comprising an organic plastic sample flow-through tube, a portion of the wall of which comprises a membrane, the membrane comprising a matrix of an organic plastic material containing a non-volatile solvent-plasticizer and an ion exchange material dissolved in the solvent plasticizer, the membrane chemically bonded to and integral with said tube. The method of forming the membrane to the tube comprises dissolving the matrix material, the ion exchange material and the non-volatile solvent plasticizer in a volatile solvent, placing the resulting solution on a surface and evaporating the volatile solvent to form the membrane, contacting an edge of the tube to the membrane material, contacting the tube edge with said volatile solvent and allowing the solvent to evaporate.

Abstract: The apparatus and method for making a resin caulker 10 begins with continuous extrusion of a resin cylinder 15. A multimandrel indexing machine 20 has a receiving station 22 positioned to align an empty mandrel 21 with extruded cylinder 15 so a leading end 18 of extruded cylinder 15 advances onto empty mandrel 21. A cut off device 19 cuts cylinder 15 at a predetermined length to form a resin caulker barrel 11 supported on mandrel 21. Indexing machine 20 then moves cut off barrel 11 to an assembly station 23 and brings another empty mandrel 21 to receiving station 22. An end closure 12 is joined to cut off barrel 11 at assembly station 23; and successive stations 24-29 of the indexing machine finish, print, and dry the assembled caulkers while supported on mandrels 21.

Abstract: Processes are disclosed for sealing the ends of the bores of a plurality of hollow fiber membranes comprised of a thermoplastic material which membranes are arranged in the form of a bundle by subjecting the ends of the hollow fiber membranes to heat to effect the sealing. The heat also causes the ends of the hollow fiber membranes to adhere to one and another. An insert material is placed within the bundle of hollow fiber membranes at the zone which is subjected to the heat. This insert material provides a barrier to the adhering of the hollow fiber membranes and thus provides a fluid passageway at the sealed end of the bundle.

Abstract: A hollow fiber separatory element of the type having a plurality of hollow semipermeable fibers terminating at their end portions in resin tubesheets; each tubesheet has a disc-shaped portion that tapers radially inwardly toward its inner end surface that serves as a pressure-induced sealing surface when forced into contact with a correspondingly tapered surface on the inner wall of a surrounding jacket. Each tubesheet optionally includes a second tapered portion that extends outwardly from the outer end face of the disc portion and its peripheral surface tapers radially inwardly toward the outer end planar surface which exposes the open ends of the fibers therein. The tubesheet disc portion may be circular, lenticular, elliptical or have other selected shape.

Abstract: A wide endless flexible band (10) is molded on a flat core blade (12) with one group of laterally extending rows of outwardly projecting printing characters (16) molded on one side of the core blade between a set of laterally extending notched guide bars (32). The notches within the guide bars are used to align the wide endless band on a rotary cylindrical arbor (40) precisely with a set of spaced cutters (44) which slit the wide band at laterally spaced intervals into a plurality of relatively narrow endless printing bands. The wide endless band is also molded with a second group of raised characters (14) which correspond to the printing characters and are positioned on the other side of the core blade between a set of laterally extending continuous guide bars (24).

Abstract: A lip seal comprising a uniformly thin wafer of adjacent radical concentric sections of polytetrafluoroethylene and an elastomer, which elastomer is attached to a rigid annular member for mounting the seal. The polytetrafluoroethylene annular lip sealing portion may be either on the inner or outer circumference of the washer-shaped annular seal, and the rigid annular supporting member may be of a plastic or metal which is bonded and/or clamped to the elastomeric annular portion. The polytetrafluoroethylene annular portion of the wafer seal may be slit, grooved and/or formed to improve its flexibility and/or sealing action.The combination polytetrafluoroethylene and elastomer wafers are formed by first fabricating a polytetrafluoroethylene tube or rod having a wall thickness corresponding at least to the radial thickness of the resulting washer, and then etching at least one of the cylindrical surfaces of this tube or rod to which the elastomer is next bonded in a mold.

Abstract: A method of making a notched variable speed belt or a notched V-belt by placing the layers of the belt around a smooth cylindrical mold, placing an endless elastomeric sleeve having ribs on its inner surface, around the mold and layers thereon and applying heat and pressure to urge the sleeve against the belt layers to form a cured belt slab with molded grooves therein. The cured belt slab may then be cut into individual notched V-belts or variable speed belts of high quality.

Abstract: A curvilinear cradle for supporting an object such as a pipe has a durable polyurethane elastomer lining on its concave surface to thereby prevent wear due to movement of the supported object. The cradle also has at least one mounting bracket attached to its convex surface for securing the cradle to a base object such as a pipe H frame.A method for making the curvilinear support cradle primarily includes the steps of spinning a pipe along its longitudinal axis, bulk injecting a polyurethane elastomer into the spinning pipe to create a centrifugally spin casted coating on the inner surface of the pipe, and cutting the pipe lengthwise to obtain at least two lined cradles. Preferably one or more mounting brackets are attached to the pipe prior to the step of spinning, and the pipe is transversely divided on each side of the mounting brackets to provide a plurality of relatively shorter cradles.

Abstract: A method for continuously producing a reinforced plastic pipe includes helically winding an endless belt on a rotating mandrel, continuously winding a molding material impregnated with a thermosetting resin on the endless belt, continuously moving the molding material toward the tip of the mandrel together with the endless belt by the rotation of the mandrel, passing the moving molding material through a curing zone to cure the thermosetting resin, and then removing the molding material from the endless belt at the tip portion of the mandrel. Prior to the introduction of the molding material into the curing zone, a split ring mold having an inside surface of a desired shape is mounted around the molding material so as to clamp the molding material tightly, thereby to convert the shape of the outside surface of the molding material into one corresponding to the shape of the inside surface of the split ring mold.

Abstract: A tube of thermoplastic netting is drawn through a work station in a radially collapsed, condensed condition. At the work station, the netting is angularly twisted to rope-like form, to increase its bulk density and, in such condition, is drawn between the die and platen of an ultrasonic welding horn. Periodically, the die and platen momentarily bear against a succeeding short length of the twisted, condensed rope-like form making a fused seal nugget integrating all strands of the netting at that site. The resulting product may be a long length of such tubing, having such a seal every so often, or a plurality of bags formed from the intermediate product by making one transverse cut through the netting tube beside each seal nugget.

Abstract: Hollow filaments, which are suitable for use in separating one or more components from a fluid mixture by selective permeation, are embedded, or potted, in a curable resinous mass, and the resinous mass is severed to expose fluid communication openings of the hollow filaments. In accordance with the invention the curable resinous mass is sufficiently partially-cured to provide a solid mass which can be severed but does not tend to smear when severed so as to obstruct fluid communication openings of the hollow filaments; however, the partial curing is insufficient to render the severings of the resinous mass unduly difficult. The resinous mass is then severed, e.g., by cutting, to provide the fluid communication openings in the hollow filaments embedded in the resinous mass.

Abstract: This invention involves cutting a series of individual sheets of thermoplastic interlayer material into a selected trapezoidal shape of adjustable length and shape by winding a continuous ribbon of said material on an adjustable mandrel and cutting the continuous ribbon while mounted on the mandrel properly adjusted. The adjustable mandrel of this invention comprises means for independently adjusting the diameter or circumference of its opposite axial end portions so as to ensure that the plies of said material wound onto said mandrel are cut into trapezoidal shapes of the proper length and outline shape by one or more simple cuts parallel to the axis on which the mandrel is mounted for rotation.

Abstract: A method of potting in a single or multi-cavity mold a plurality of fibers in continuous tow form to encapsulate the fibers, fill the interstices and form a solid tubesheet of selected shape and length. After transversely cutting through the thus formed tubesheet and the fibers therein a pair of tubesheets are formed each attached to and forming the end portion of a length of fibers. Potting at spaced longitudinal locations on the continuous tow, and transverse cutting, produces fiber bundle assemblies having a length of the tow of hollow fibers between a pair of axially spaced tubesheets. The process is semi-continuous or continuous, as desired.

Abstract: An arcuate card-clothed element is manufactured by combining a deformable sustaining element which may for example be a slotted stiffener or a layer of fibre glass with a flexible toothed foundation while the sustaining element is in a deformable condition and shaped to the desired arcuate contour of the card-clothed element, and introducing a hardenable bonding medium such as a resin to hold the foundation in the shape of the sustaining element and convert the sustaining element to a substantially rigid state. The card-clothed element may be made in individual sectors, or may comprise sectors cut from a cylindrical assembly built on a former.

Abstract: A process is provided for the continuous production of modular tubular filter elements using nonwoven webs in cylindrical or sheet form spun from thermoplastic fibers, spinning the fibers continuously from a melt onto a rotating internal tubular core for the filter element, serving as a mandrel, and winding them up on the core to form a wound tube.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for processing extruded thermoplastic material for use in house siding by advancing a hollow extrudate from the die member through cooling and sizing baths followed by stress relieving the extrudate and then cutting the extrudate into separate finished strips for final processing and packing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the continuous manufacture of longitudinally slit foam pipes using an internal core and two outer mould portions, externally and spacedly surrounding the core, whereby the two outer mould portions are displaced in movement-conforming manner along a path with the formation of a continuous, annular channel open towards a core support and whereby further a sheet is curved in tubular or U-shaped manner, and just before entering the annular channel is supplied with a foam base material which is completely foamed in the annular channel, whereby the foamed hollow profile is formed.

Abstract: Method for making hollow plastics insulating wall panel. The plastic material, in a flowable form, is continuously forced about a core to form an enclosed central cavity or chamber. The continuous plastic material is then severed and cavity sealed in a vacuum environment before final curing of the resulting hollow insulation product.

Abstract: The method of rigidifying portions of flexible structures comprised in part or wholly of yarns comprised of man-made fibers of filaments wherein the fibers or filaments of the yarns become welded to each other, specifically to a method of welding the constituent yarns of shoelaces at the ends of the laces so as to form rigid tips of reduced cross section at the ends; to joining two or more yarns at predetermined intervals to form a compound structure; and to joining parallel or crossing portions of yarns arranged in a predetermined relation to each other to form a dimensionally stable structure, by means of sonic vibration supplemented by pressure; and to apparatus for carrying out the method.

Abstract: A plurality of groups of mandrels are arranged for movement successively through a plurality of workstations with each group being worked on at a station while other groups are being worked on simultaneously at other stations to produce continuously automatically groups of retractile cords. Cordage is fed from a supply into clamping engagement with each of the mandrels in the group in a cord-loading position and then wound helically in a plurality of spaced-apart convolutions on each of the mandrels of that group after which the wound cords are severed from the cordage supplies. The wound cords are advanced incrementally through a heating zone, wherein the cords are exposed to radiant heating supplemented by preheating of the mandrels, while cordage is being wound on the next successive groups of mandrels.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for forming a plastic container by a blow molding operation. In the method, a tubular thermoplastic parison is blown to a preform within a first mold by a blow pipe inserted into one axial open end of the parison. Prior to removing the preform from the first mold, a secondary opening is formed in the wall of the preform, either by a spike-shaped piercing surface over which the parison is expanded or by a vent port through which blow air is exhausted to rupture an opening in the preform wall. The preform is then transferred to a second mold, which pinches shut the initial blowing opening of the preform. A second blow pin is inserted into the secondary opening to supply blow air under pressure to expand the preform to a container.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for embedding a washer or other perforated plate or body in the body of a cake of soap without leaving a penetration cut in the soap billet which might crack open on, for example, future soap bar moisture changes. The relatively insoluable washer or soap plate has a central hole which is aligned with a hole at least partially through the soap cake in the finished state. The soap cake is fabricated from a soap extrusion having an oversized hole centrally located and longitudinally extending along the extrusion, or the oversized hole can be otherwise provided in a soap extrusion. The extrusion is cut off into soap billets and conveyed to a machine location where a shaft inserts the washer into the central portion of the soap billet through the oversized extruded hole in the billet.

Abstract: A shield for a radiation piping rod is formed by shrinking a length of plastic resin tubing on a rod or on a mandrel having a portion conforming to a portion of the rod to be shielded. The shrunken tubing is provided with a lengthened slit to permit stripping from the rod or mandrel to form the shield. The shield is mounted on the rod after stripping, and an air interface is formed between the rod and the shield to minimize loss of radiation caused by the shield.

Abstract: A packing laminate for use in the manufacture of disposable packages consists of a relatively thin central layer made from high-density polyethylene, two intermediate foam layers of polystyrene applied respectively to opposite faces of the central layer by means of a thermoplastic glue and two outer layers of a compact high-impact polystyrene applied respectively to the intermediate layers. The laminate is manufactured by joint extrusion of a flexible tube consisting of an inner layer of the foamed polystyrene and an outer layer of the compact high-impact polystyrene, this tube being thereafter split longitudinally into two halves to form two webs which are then joined respectively to opposite sides of the central layer of high density polyethylene following its extrusion.