Abstract: Addition of a phosphate salt to creping adhesive composition comprising a water soluble binder increases operational efficiency.

Abstract: For continuously crimping thermoplastic filaments, a filament bundle is blown by a jet nozzle into a stuffing chamber of a texturing wheel to produce a crimped filament bundle in the stuffing chamber. The stuffing chamber has a receiving zone, a treatment zone and a delivery zone. The filament bundle is subjected to a texturing or crimping treatment in the receiving zone and, depending upon the fiber material to pe processed, undergoes a heating or cooling treatment in the treatment zone. The heating or cooling treatment is accomplished by a blowing agent which blows a gaseous medium into the stuffing chamber. At the delivery zone, the crimped filament bundle is taken-off or lifted-out of the stuffing chamber by fiber bundle-lifting means and moved towards a suction drum receiving the filament bundle.

Abstract: A machine and method for longitudinally compressing a web under the influence of driving forces provided at a nip line defined by spaced-apart pairs of matched rotating disks and under the influence of retarding forces provided by sets of retarding fingers inserted in the spaces between the disks.

Abstract: A thermoplastic nonwoven web is softened by stretching the web in the cross-machine direction, stretching the web in the machine direction, and shearing the surfaces of the web relative to each other. The resulting web has increased flexibility and increased surface nap which correlates with increased perceived softness.

Abstract: Microcreping apparatus has an assembly of superposed sheet members which are pressed by presser means against a surface of a material being treated to compress the material against the surface of a drive roll preliminary to engagement of the material with a retarding means. The sheet member assembly is supported as a cantilever by holder means to which at least the primary and outer sheet members of the assembly are connected by a plurality of pins on the holder means received in slots in the connected superposed sheet members spaced inwardly across the path of travel of the material adjacent the rearward edge of the sheet members. The slots extend transversely of the direction of travel of the material and have sufficient clearance from the pins to permit movement thereof relative to the pins corresponding to local expansion or contraction of the respective sheet members under heating and cooling respectively.

Abstract: An improved wettable creping adhesive comprises an aqueous admixture of polyvinyl alcohol and a water-soluble thermoplastic polyamide resin comprising the reaction product of a polyalkylene polyamine, a saturated aliphatic dibasic carboxylic acid, and a poly(oxyethylene) diamine.

Abstract: A perforated structure of expanded material, including at least one solid unstretched strip (4) parallel to the direction of expansion and of a length less than the length of the expanded region. The expanded region is formed with a tool that simultaneously cuts or perforates and expands the material.

Abstract: A greige fabric containing a polyester yarn having high and low shrinkage regions along the filaments, out of phase from filament to filament, is bulked by shrinking the unrestrained fabric, then heating the fabric sufficiently to make the fabric elongate in the direction of the polyester yarn.

Abstract: A creping machine comprising a driven rotary carrier roll; a stationary blade assembly which is positioned to press sheet material into entrained engagement with the circumferential surface of the carrier roll and which includes a resilient spring blade projecting downstream from the immediately adjacent portion of the assembly; and a stationary retarder extending downstream from the circumferential surface of the carrier roll adjacent to the projecting resilient spring blade and over which the sheet material passes on disengagement from the said surface; the retarder having a transverse upstream facing wall extending downwardly from its upper surface whereby a cavity constituting a creping zone is defined upstream of the said wall and beneath the projecting resilient spring blade. Operation of the machine, which can in some cases be effected without a projecting blade causes a true creping action at wall.

Abstract: A method for the longitudinal compressive treatment of a flexible web, e.g. of paper or textile material, in which the web is continuously driven longitudinally into and through a retarding treatment zone defined by and between a pair of opposed surfaces at least one of which is stationary and rough and retardingly engages the web, the value of the retarding force applied to the web over at least a part of the length of the retarding treatment zone varying in oscillatory fashion across the width of the zone so that the treatment improves or provides a directional property (e.g. stretch) of the web in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. In machines for obtaining this effect, the degree of roughness of retarder surface to which the web is subjected in the zone suitably so varies across the zone.

Abstract: A nonwoven fabric is made by first forming a web (12) consisting predominately of thermoplastic fibers, then pattern embossing the web at an elevated temperature to form autogenous thermal bonds extending through the web, then creping the bonded web by pressing the bonded web against a driven, grooved roll (30) which feeds the web against a retarding member (32). The temperature of the web during the creping step is controlled so that some of the thermoplastic fibers are softened which assists the formation and retention in the web of both the crepe and noticeable ridges 50 of predominately unbonded fibers. This heating of the web (12) also results in some bonding of fibers in the grooves (52) of the creped web (12) which gives the web (12) a striped appearance. In the creped web, when the autogenous bonds are lineal and generally extend in the cross direction of the web, the creped web can take on a seersucker or corduroy-like appearance depending upon the amount of compaction during the creping step.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing covering sheets or strips in crepe rubber, wherein the creped appearance is retained in the finished product such as shoes made from such sheets or strips, wherein the pieces of rubber are introduced between the cylinders of a mixer of which the relative tangential speed and the variation of the space therebetween ae adjusted to obtain in cold conditions a natural crepe rubber without the arrangement of the molecules in the rubber being broken; the tongue or coagulum thus obtained is run between the cylinders as different ingredients (sulphur, coloring agents, accelerator) are sprinkled over its surface; then said coagulum thus filled and creped is calendered until the required thickness is reached evenly; said coagulum is finally applied to mounting the product such as a shoe, which is thereafter vulcanized in an autoclave.

Abstract: A polyurethane cushion material comprising incorporating fiber filament in a foamed polyurethane, and it is produced by crimping the fiber filament, setting it under heating, producing a staple fiber, filling the staple fiber thus formed with a polyurethane into a mold, forming the polyurethane and post-curing it to complete polycondensation.

Abstract: The fibrous structure of a non-woven mat is disrupted by an apparatus comprising at least one roll which has one or more upraised ribs in a chevron pattern extending helically around the roll. In processing, the mat passes under tension over at least a portion of at least one chevron roll and preferably over two chevron rolls which may or may not be intermeshing. Thereafter, the mat may be crushed or crimped by being fed through to intermeshing third and fourth chevron rolls. Additional rolls may be supplied to exert tension. The mat which exits from the apparatus has a disrupted fibrous structure and is a superior skeleton within a structure such as a polymeric foam board.

Abstract: Two or more flat sheets of flexible material, at least one of which is transparent, are driven concurrently endwise along a path by successive advances at the same rate of travel while they are juxtaposed in direct face to face contact with each other. At one location along the path the sheets as a unit are pleated, heated, and pressed into a series of parallel, substantially identical flat pleats, with the pleats of each sheet interfitting corresponding pleats of the other sheet, and each pleat being partially overlapped by, and partially overlapping, those adjacent pleats of the same sheet between which it is positioned. While the sheets are held in flat pleated condition, they are cooled to set the pleats, and then are coated concurrently over the outwardly exposed face portions of their plates with light reflecting or decorative paint or flowable film forming material. The coating is then dried.

Abstract: Novolak phenolic resin compositions are formed into molding granules by homogenizing the composition above the melting point of the resin, calendering the homogenized composition with conversion into a coherent sheet, rolling the sheet between a pair of rollers, at least one of which is indented, to produce a coherent embossed sheet, fracturating the embossed sheet with separation of the granules having substantially the shape and size of the embossments, coating the granules with a phenolic compound and heat-treating the coated granules by flowing a stream of inert gas having a temperature not exceeding 130.degree. C.The resulting granules are free-flowing, free from a tendency to release dust and particularly suitable for injection molding.

Abstract: A method of producing a leather-like sheet having a deluxe feeling is provided comprising preparing and fully curing a leather-like sheet comprising a porous substrate consisting of a porous layer of elastomer and/or a porous layer of fibrous material and a nonporous coating layer of elastomer coated in a thickness of 0.5 to 50 .mu. on the surface of said porous substrate, crumpling said fully cured sheet in the absence of tension in a liquid medium and, then, drying the crumpled sheet at a temperature not exceeding 100.degree. C. in the absence of tension.

Abstract: A process for differentially drawing films and non-woven fiberous webs for increased drapability and strength of webs including at least in part cold drawable polymeric materials or blends thereof including incompatible polymer blends and polymeric matrixes having inorganic fillers draws portions of the web and leaves other portions undrawn. The process involves the subjecting of the web to two or more pairs of meshing toothed rollers to produce a fabric having a pattern of spaced apart undrawn quadrilateral shaped islands bounded fully on each of their four sides by an axially drawn area. Each undrawn island is contiguous at each of its four apices to a biaxially drawn area. The preferred tooth form for the rollers is involute or cycloidal. The processed film or web is larger in area than the original, has a lower basis weight, and has greatly enhanced strength, softness, bulk, texture and drapability.

Abstract: Improved apparatus is provided for crushing cloth, such as velvet or other pile type fabric, by continuously forcing lengths of the cloth into an elongated treatment chamber to form random creases therein. The cloth is stuffed into the treatment chamber by a bank of individual pusher feet which are reciprocated back and forth adjacent the entrance end of the treatment chamber. The pusher feet are moved downwardly into resilient driving engagement with the cloth during each forward movement and are lifted out of driving engagement with the cloth during each rearward movement by a cam and control lever. A cloth retaining gate or comb is provided on the entrance end of the treatment chamber to aid in retaining the crushed cloth in the entrance end of the treatment chamber.

Abstract: A novel structural member, such as a tennis racket frame, having an unusually high strength to weight ratio is provided comprising an expanded foamed plastic core integrally bonded to a shell comprising at least one layer of resin-coated unidirectionally oriented graphite fibers, the shell completely encasing the core at any transverse cross section of the structural member, with a seamless sleeve made of a thin, flexible cellulosic film between the core and the shell.The structural member is prepared by arranging within a mold cavity an outer shell comprising at least one sheet of resin-coated unidirectionally oriented graphite fibers and a core comprising a foamable resin composition while the core is maintained within a seamless sleeve made of a thin, flexible cellulosic film, sealing the mold cavity and activating the foamable resin composition to cause expansion and generate pressure within the mold cavity and thereby provide intimate bonding of the core to the shell.

Abstract: A bonded web of nonwoven fibers is stretched beyond its elastic limit in one direction sufficiently to permanently elongate those filaments or filament portions of the web extending generally in the direction of the applied tension. This results in a narrowing or necking down of the web in the cross direction and consequent shortening or lateral buckling of those filaments or filament portions extending generally transverse to the direction of applied tension. This imparts increased softness, flexibility and resilient stretchability to the fabric, in that transverse direction. The elongated filaments are then compacted longitudinally while the web is retained in its narrowed condition to impart increased softness, flexibility and resilient stretchability in the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improvement in the process for shirring cylindrical tubular casings, especially artificial sausage casings of synthetic material, in which an inflated casing is conveyed in the direction of its longitudinal axis and shirred, with pleating, against a counter-force by shirring forces acting upon the circumference of the casing, the improvement comprising that the forces acting upon the surface of the casing do so continuously and simultaneously, at equal intervals, at a plurality of points on at least two straight lines extending parallel to and symmetrically about the longitudinal axis of the casing, the action being at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the sausage casing, and circumferentially thereof, and, simultaneously, in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the casing, against said counter-force. The invention also relates to an apparatus for performing the process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for treating woven textile fabrics. In one aspect, the present invention relates to a process for imparting elasticity to a woven textile fabric in its warp direction in which a cellulose reactive resin solution is applied to a woven textile fabric, the fabric compressed in its warp direction by means of a rubber roller and an elastic flexible belt, and then fixed in its altered state.

Abstract: A cloth stuffing chamber or container, preferably a tube with entrance and exit portions, is provided with means for preventing backward movement of the cloth. This means is preferably in the form of a fixed ring at the beginning of the exit portion having around its inner surface at least several segments of wire which are slanted toward the exit portion of the tube. There is provided between the entrance and fixed ring a movable ring with wires or pins also slanting in the same exit direction, which ring is reciprocated by a drive, such as a cam and follower. Cloth is introduced into the entrance portion of the chamber and passes through the two rings, and as the movable ring reciprocates, its slanted wires move the cloth forward on the forward stroke and on the reverse stroke the slanted pins of the fixed ring prevent the cloth from moving backwards.

Abstract: An oil or organic solvent-absorbent is prepared by extruding a molten thermoplastic resinous polymer blend of polystyrene and polyethylene containing a foaming agent through a die having a slit aperture of 0.1 - 1.

Abstract: Apparatus for compressing an accumulated mass of fabric to impart a change in its physical appearance wherein the fabric is continuously gravitationally fed in accumulated form to compression means. The apparatus is specifically directed to imparting a crushed appearance to pile fabrics such as lightweight velvet-type fabrics used in upholstery, draperies, and the like.